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He X, Li L, Yan S, Fu H, Zhong F, Cao J, Ding M, Sun Q, Jia C. Advanced electrode enabled by lignin-derived carbon for high-performance vanadium redox flow battery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:1455-1463. [PMID: 37804614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are promising energy storage systems with the potential to bridge the gap between intermittent renewable electricity generation and continuous supply of reliable electricity. The electrodes found in VRFB cells affect their energy efficiency (EE) and power density. It is important to fabricate electrodes with intriguing properties to enable VRFBs to have high performance. Herein, the abundant and cost-effective lignin is employed as the precursor to produce amorphous carbon particles after undergoing thermal decomposition treatment. The carbon particles cover the surface of carbon felt (CF). The resulting CF modified by lignin-derived carbon particles (Lignin-CF) with increased active sites and improved hydrophilicity displays superior electrochemical activity towards the VO2+/VO2+ pair than both the pristine CF and the heated bare CF. Remarkably, the VRFB consisting of Lignin-CF which acts as the positive electrode shows high performance in terms of the average EE (83.3 %) and average voltage efficiency (VE) (85.0 %) over 1000 cycles (long cycling life) for more than 16 days at 100 mA cm-2, and high power density of 1053.2 mW cm-2. It is noted that the EE and VE are comparable to the highest reported value of CF modified by carbon-based materials, aside having evidently longer cycling life. This study provides a feasible strategy for fabricating an affordable electrode for high-performance VRFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Liangyu Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Su Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Hu Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Jinchao Cao
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou 256606, China
| | - Mei Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Qilong Sun
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou 256606, China; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Chuankun Jia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
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Agarwal H, Roy E, Singh N, Klusener PA, Stephens RM, Zhou QT. Electrode Treatments for Redox Flow Batteries: Translating Our Understanding from Vanadium to Aqueous-Organic. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307209. [PMID: 37973559 PMCID: PMC10767411 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising technology for long-duration energy storage; but they suffer from inefficiencies in part due to the overvoltages at the electrode surface. In this work, more than 70 electrode treatments are reviewed that are previously shown to reduce the overvoltages and improve performance for vanadium RFBs (VRFBs), the most commercialized RFB technology. However, identifying treatments that improve performance the most and whether they are industrially implementable is challenging. This study attempts to address this challenge by comparing treatments under similar operating conditions and accounting for the treatment process complexity. The different treatments are compared at laboratory and industrial scale based on criteria for VRFB performance, treatment stability, economic feasibility, and ease of industrial implementation. Thermal, plasma, electrochemical oxidation, CO2 treatments, as well as Bi, Ag, and Cu catalysts loaded on electrodes are identified as the most promising for adoption in large scale VRFBs. The similarity in electrode treatments for aqueous-organic RFBs (AORFBs) and VRFBs is also identified. The need of standardization in RFBs testing along with fundamental studies to understand charge transfer reactions in redox active species used in RFBs moving forward is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Agarwal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Catalysis Science and Technology InstituteUniversity of Michigan Ann ArborAnn ArborMI48109‐2136USA
- Shell International Exploration and Production Inc.3333 Highway 6 SouthHoustonTX77082USA
| | - Esha Roy
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V. Energy Transition Campus AmsterdamGrasweg 31Amsterdam1031 HWThe Netherlands
| | - Nirala Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Catalysis Science and Technology InstituteUniversity of Michigan Ann ArborAnn ArborMI48109‐2136USA
| | - Peter A.A. Klusener
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V. Energy Transition Campus AmsterdamGrasweg 31Amsterdam1031 HWThe Netherlands
| | - Ryan M. Stephens
- Shell International Exploration and Production Inc.3333 Highway 6 SouthHoustonTX77082USA
| | - Qin Tracy Zhou
- Shell International Exploration and Production Inc.3333 Highway 6 SouthHoustonTX77082USA
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Zhai M, Ye J, Jiang Y, Yuan S, Li Y, Liu Y, Dai L, Wang L, He Z. Biomass-derived carbon materials for vanadium redox flow battery: From structure to property. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:902-918. [PMID: 37573736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived carbon (BDC) materials are suitable as electrode or catalyst materials for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), owing to the characteristics of vast material sources, environmental friendliness, and multifarious structures. A timely and comprehensive review of the structure and property significantly facilitates the development of BDC materials. Here, the paper starts with the preparation of biomass materials, including carbonization and activation. It is designed to summarize the lastest developments in BDC materials of VRFB in four different structural dimensions from zero dimension (0D) to three dimension (3D). Every dimension begins with meticulously selected examples to introduce the structural characteristics of materials and then illustrates the improved performance of the VRFB due to the structure. Simultaneously, challenges, solutions, and prospects are indicated for the further development of BDC materials. Overall, this review will help researchers select excellent strategies for the fabrication of BDC materials, thereby facilitating the use of BDC materials in VRFB design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiang Zhai
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China
| | - Jiejun Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China
| | - Yingqiao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China
| | - Sujuan Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China.
| | - Yuehua Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China
| | - Yongguang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China; Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials for Environment, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China; Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials for Environment, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhangxing He
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China; Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials for Environment, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, Hebei, China.
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Ding C, Shen Z, Zhu Y, Cheng Y. Insights into the Modification of Carbonous Felt as an Electrode for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103811. [PMID: 37241437 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has been regarded as one of the best potential stationary electrochemical storage systems for its design flexibility, long cycle life, high efficiency, and high safety; it is usually utilized to resolve the fluctuations and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. As one of the critical components of VRFBs to provide the reaction sites for redox couples, an ideal electrode should possess excellent chemical and electrochemical stability, conductivity, and a low price, as well as good reaction kinetics, hydrophilicity, and electrochemical activity, in order to satisfy the requirements for high-performance VRFBs. However, the most commonly used electrode material, a carbonous felt electrode, such as graphite felt (GF) or carbon felt (CF), suffers from relatively inferior kinetic reversibility and poor catalytic activity toward the V2+/V3+ and VO2+/VO2+ redox couples, limiting the operation of VRFBs at low current density. Therefore, modified carbon substrates have been extensively investigated to improve vanadium redox reactions. Here, we give a brief review of recent progress in the modification methods of carbonous felt electrodes, such as surface treatment, the deposition of low-cost metal oxides, the doping of nonmetal elements, and complexation with nanostructured carbon materials. Thus, we give new insights into the relationships between the structure and the electrochemical performance, and provide some perspectives for the future development of VRFBs. Through a comprehensive analysis, it is found that the increase in the surface area and active sites are two decisive factors that enhance the performance of carbonous felt electrodes. Based on the varied structural and electrochemical characterizations, the relationship between the surface nature and electrochemical activity, as well as the mechanism of the modified carbon felt electrodes, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ding
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhefei Shen
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuanhui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Lv Y, Yang Y, Gao J, Li J, Zhu W, Dai L, Liu Y, Wang L, He Z. Controlled synthesis of carbon nanonetwork wrapped graphite felt electrodes for high-performance vanadium redox flow battery. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Parra-Puerto A, Rubio-Garcia J, Markiewicz M, Zheng Z, Kucernak A. Carbon Aerogel Based Thin Electrodes for Zero‐Gap all Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries – Quantifying the Factors Leading to Optimum Performance. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andres Parra-Puerto
- Imperial College London Faculty of Natural Sciences chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Javier Rubio-Garcia
- Imperial College London Faculty of Natural Sciences Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Matthew Markiewicz
- Imperial College London Faculty of Natural Science Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Zhuo Zheng
- Imperial College London Faculty of Natural Sciences Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Anthony Kucernak
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine: Imperial College London Chemistry Imperial College RdWhite City Campus82 Wood Lane W12 0BZ London UNITED KINGDOM
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Mohsen Loghavi M, Zarei-Jelyani M, Niknam Z, Babaiee M, Eqra R. Antimony-decorated graphite felt electrode of vanadium redox flow battery in mixed-acid electrolyte: promoting electrocatalytic and gas-evolution inhibitory properties. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Synergistic Catalysis of SnO 2/Reduced Graphene Oxide for VO 2+/VO 2+ and V 2+/V 3+ Redox Reactions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165085. [PMID: 34443673 PMCID: PMC8401850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of their low cost, high activity, and diversity, metal oxide catalysts have not been widely applied in vanadium redox reactions due to their poor conductivity and low surface area. Herein, SnO2/reduced graphene oxide (SnO2/rGO) composite was prepared by a sol–gel method followed by high-temperature carbonization. SnO2/rGO shows better electrochemical catalysis for both redox reactions of VO2+/VO2+ and V2+/V3+ couples as compared to SnO2 and graphene oxide. This is attributed to the fact that reduced graphene oxide is employed as carbon support featuring excellent conductivity and a large surface area, which offers fast electron transfer and a large reaction place towards vanadium redox reaction. Moreover, SnO2 has excellent electrochemical activity and wettability, which also boost the electrochemical kinetics of redox reaction. In brief, the electrochemical properties for vanadium redox reactions are boosted in terms of diffusion, charge transfer, and electron transport processes systematically. Next, SnO2/rGO can increase the energy storage performance of cells, including higher discharge electrolyte utilization and lower electrochemical polarization. At 150 mA cm−2, the energy efficiency of a modified cell is 69.8%, which is increased by 5.7% compared with a pristine one. This work provides a promising method to develop composite catalysts of carbon materials and metal oxide for vanadium redox reactions.
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10
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Three-dimensional transient model of zinc-nickel single flow battery considering side reactions. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Electrospun carbon nanofiber inlaid with tungsten carbide nanoparticle by in-situ carbothermal reaction as bifunctional electrode for vanadium redox flow battery. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Lee WJ, Wu YT, Liao YW, Liu YT. Graphite Felt Modified by Atomic Layer Deposition with TiO 2 Nanocoating Exhibits Super-Hydrophilicity, Low Charge-Transform Resistance, and High Electrochemical Activity. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091710. [PMID: 32872528 PMCID: PMC7560090 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphite felt (GF) is a multi-functional material and is widely used as electrodes of electrochemical devices for energy and environmental applications. However, due to the inherent hydrophobicity of graphite felt, it must be hydrophilically pretreated to obtain good electrochemical activity. Metal oxides coating is one of the feasible methods to modify the surface of GF, and in order to ensure that the metal oxides have a better conductivity for obtaining higher electrochemical activity, a subsequent H2 heat-treatment process is usually adopted. In this study, atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used to deposit TiO2 nanocoating on graphite felt (GF) for surface modification without any H2 thermal post-treatment. The results show that the ALD-TiO2-modified GF (ALD-TiO2/GF) owns excellent hydrophilicity. Moreover, the ALD-TiO2/GF exhibits excellent electrochemical properties of low equivalent series resistance (Rs), low charge-transfer resistance (Rct), and high electrochemical activity. It demonstrates that ALD is an applicable technique for modifying the GF surface. In addition, it can be reasonably imagined that not only TiO2 film can effectively modify the GF surface, but also other metal oxides grown by ALD with nanoscale-thickness can also obtain the same benefits. We anticipate this work to be a starting point for modifying GF surface by using ALD with metal oxides nanocoating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jen Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-8-7663800
| | - Yu-Ting Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wei Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
| | - Yen-Ting Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
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La and Sr Composite Oxides-modified Graphite Felt for Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Jiang Y, Feng X, Cheng G, Li Y, Li C, He Z, Zhu J, Meng W, Zhou H, Dai L, Wang L. Electrocatalytic activity of MnO2 nanosheet array-decorated carbon paper as superior negative electrode for vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Wang C, Lu W, Lai Q, Xu P, Zhang H, Li X. A TiN Nanorod Array 3D Hierarchical Composite Electrode for Ultrahigh-Power-Density Bromine-Based Flow Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904690. [PMID: 31566278 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bromine-based flow batteries are well suited for stationary energy storage due to attractive features of high energy density and low cost. However, the bromine-based flow battery suffers from low power density and large materials consumption due to the relatively high polarization of the Br2 /Br- couple on the electrodes. Herein, a self-supporting 3D hierarchical composite electrode based on a TiN nanorod array is designed to improve the activity of the Br2 /Br- couple and increase the power density of the bromine-based flow battery. In this design, a carbon felt provides a composite electrode with a 3D electron conductive framework to guarantee high electronic conductivity, while the TiN nanorods possess excellent catalytic activity for the Br2 /Br- electrochemical reaction to reduce the electrochemical polarization. Moreover, the 3D micro-nano hierarchical nanorod-array alignment structure contributes to a high electrolyte penetration and a high ion-transfer rate to reduce diffusion polarization. As a result, a zinc-bromine flow battery with the designed composite electrode can be operated at a current density of up to 160 mA cm-2 , which is the highest current density ever reported. These results exhibit a promising strategy to fabricate electrodes for ultrahigh-power-density bromine-based flow batteries and accelerate the development of bromine-based flow batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Wang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qinzhi Lai
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian, 116023, China
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Elucidation of the interplay between vanadium species and charge-discharge processes in VRFBs by Raman spectroscopy. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.06.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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He Z, Li M, Li Y, Zhu J, Jiang Y, Meng W, Zhou H, Wang L, Dai L. Flexible electrospun carbon nanofiber embedded with TiO2 as excellent negative electrode for vanadium redox flow battery. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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18
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Flox C, Murcia-López S, Carretero NM, Ros C, Morante JR, Andreu T. Role of Bismuth in the Electrokinetics of Silicon Photocathodes for Solar Rechargeable Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:125-129. [PMID: 29136333 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability of crystalline silicon to photoassist the V3+ /V2+ cathodic reaction under simulated solar irradiation, combined with the effect of bismuth have led to important electrochemical improvements. Besides the photovoltage supplied by the photovoltaics, additional decrease in the onset potentials, high reversibility of the V3+ /V2+ redox pair, and improvement in the electrokinetics were attained thanks to the addition of bismuth. In fact, Bi0 deposition has shown to slightly decrease the photocurrent, but the significant enhancement in the charge transfer, reflected in the overall electrochemical performance clearly justifies its use as additive in a photoassisted system for maximizing the efficiency of solar charge to battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Flox
- IREC, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós, 08930, Spain
| | - Sebastián Murcia-López
- IREC, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós, 08930, Spain
| | - Nina M Carretero
- IREC, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós, 08930, Spain
| | - Carles Ros
- IREC, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós, 08930, Spain
| | - Juan R Morante
- IREC, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós, 08930, Spain
- Faculty of Physics, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Teresa Andreu
- IREC, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós, 08930, Spain
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