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Zhang FG, Chen Y, Ma C, Tang JP, Wang ZY, Zhao ZY, Bao L, Yuan YJ. Accelerated Charge Transfer through Interface Chemical Bonds in MoS 2/TiO 2 for Photocatalytic Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to H 2. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13766-13774. [PMID: 38965989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Solar photocatalytic H2 production from lignocellulosic biomass has attracted great interest, but it suffers from low photocatalytic efficiency owing to the absence of highly efficient photocatalysts. Herein, we designed and constructed ultrathin MoS2-modified porous TiO2 microspheres (MT) with abundant interface Ti-S bonds as photocatalysts for photocatalytic H2 generation from lignocellulosic biomass. Owing to the accelerated charge transfer related to Ti-S bonds, as well as the abundant active sites for both H2 and ●OH generation, respectively, related to the high exposed edge of MoS2 and the large specific surface area of TiO2, MT photocatalysts demonstrate good performance in the photocatalytic conversion of α-cellulose and lignocellulosic biomass to H2. The highest H2 generation rate of 849 μmol·g-1·h-1 and apparent quantum yield of 4.45% at 380 nm was achieved in α-cellulose aqueous solution for the optimized MT photocatalyst. More importantly, lignocellulosic biomass of corncob, rice hull, bamboo, polar wood chip, and wheat straw were successfully converted to H2 over MT photocatalysts with H2 generation rate of 10, 19, 36, 29, and 8 μmol·g-1·h-1, respectively. This work provides a guiding design approach to develop highly active photocatalysts via interface engineering for solar H2 production from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Guang Zhang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Ma
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Ping Tang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Yan Zhao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Bao
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Yuan
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
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2
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Li Y, Liu M, Tang Q, Liang K, Sun Y, Yu Y, Lou Y, Liu Y, Yu H. Hydrogen-transfer strategy in lignin refinery: Towards sustainable and versatile value-added biochemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301912. [PMID: 38294404 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Lignin, the most prevalent natural source of polyphenols on Earth, offers substantial possibilities for the conversion into aromatic compounds, which is critical for attaining sustainability and carbon neutrality. The hydrogen-transfer method has garnered significant interest owing to its environmental compatibility and economic viability. The efficacy of this approach is contingent upon the careful selection of catalytic and hydrogen-donating systems that decisively affect the yield and selectivity of the monomeric products resulting from lignin degradation. This paper highlights the hydrogen-transfer technique in lignin refinery, with a specific focus on the influence of hydrogen donors on the depolymerization pathways of lignin. It delineates the correlation between the structure and activity of catalytic hydrogen-transfer arrangements and the gamut of lignin-derived biochemicals, utilizing data from lignin model compounds, separated lignin, and lignocellulosic biomass. Additionally, the paper delves into the advantages and future directions of employing the hydrogen-transfer approach for lignin conversion. In essence, this concept investigation illuminates the efficacy of the hydrogen-transfer paradigm in lignin valorization, offering key insights and strategic directives to maximize lignin's value sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Meng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Kaixia Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yaxu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yuhan Lou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yongzhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
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3
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Zhang Y, Jia S, Wang X, Deng H, Xu W, Shi J. Bimetallic polyoxometalates catalysts for efficient lignin depolymerization: Unlocking valuable aromatic compounds from renewable feedstock. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127363. [PMID: 37827421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a complex and abundant polymer present in lignocellulosic biomass, holds immense potential as a renewable source for the production of valuable aromatic compounds. However, the efficient depolymerization of lignin into these compounds remains a formidable challenge. Here, we present a promising solution by harnessing polyoxometalates (POMs) catalysts, which exhibit improved catalytic performance and selectivity. We synthesized a series of NixCoy@POMs catalysts (POMs: CsPW or CsPMo) and explored their application in the depolymerization of pine lignin, aiming to investigate the influence of different metal species and doping ratios of POMs on catalytic performance. Through meticulous optimization of reaction conditions, we achieved significant yields of valuable aromatic compounds, including methyl vanillate, vanillin, and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone. Furthermore, the Ni0.75Co0.75@CsPMo catalyst demonstrated exceptional efficacy in catalyzing the cracking process of C-C and/or C-O bonds in a β-O-4 dimer model compound. Notably, our catalyst exhibited outstanding stability over five cycles, underscoring its suitability as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for cyclic lignin depolymerization. This study sheds light on the potential of POMs-based catalysts for advancing lignin valorization and offers new avenues for sustainable biomass conversion into valuable chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Suyuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Haoyu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Wenbiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomass Materials Science and Technology of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Junyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomass Materials Science and Technology of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Forest Biomass Green Manufacturing of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, PR China.
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4
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Chen Z, Chen L, Khoo KS, Gupta VK, Sharma M, Show PL, Yap PS. Exploitation of lignocellulosic-based biomass biorefinery: A critical review of renewable bioresource, sustainability and economic views. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108265. [PMID: 37783293 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization has driven the demand for fossil fuels, however, the overly exploited resource has caused severe damage on environmental pollution. Biorefining using abundant lignocellulosic biomass is an emerging strategy to replace traditional fossil fuels. Value-added lignin biomass reduces the waste pollution in the environment and provides a green path of conversion to obtain renewable resources. The technology is designed to produce biofuels, biomaterials and value-added products from lignocellulosic biomass. In the biorefinery process, the pretreatment step is required to reduce the recalcitrant structure of lignocellulose biomass and improve the enzymatic digestion. There is still a gap in the full and deep understanding of the biorefinery process including the pretreatment process, thus it is necessary to provide optimized and adapted biorefinery solutions to cope with the conversion process in different biorefineries to further provide efficiency in industrial applications. Current research progress on value-added applications of lignocellulosic biomass still stagnates at the biofuel phase, and there is a lack of comprehensive discussion of emerging potential applications. This review article explores the advantages, disadvantages and properties of pretreatment methods including physical, chemical, physico-chemical and biological pretreatment methods. Value-added bioproducts produced from lignocellulosic biomass were comprehensively evaluated in terms of encompassing biochemical products , cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, potent functional materials from cellulose and lignin, waste management alternatives, multifunctional carbon materials and eco-friendly products. This review article critically identifies research-related to sustainability of lignocellulosic biomass to promote the development of green chemistry and to facilitate the refinement of high-value, environmentally-friendly materials. In addition, to align commercialized practice of lignocellulosic biomass application towards the 21st century, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of lignocellulosic biomass biorefining and the utilization of biorefinery green technologies is further analyzed as being considered sustainable, including having potential benefits in terms of environmental, economic and social impacts. This facilitates sustainability options for biorefinery processes by providing policy makers with intuitive evaluation and guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, SRUC, Barony Campus, Parkgate, Dumfries DG1 3NE, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pow-Seng Yap
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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5
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Jindal M, Uniyal P, Thallada B. Reductive catalytic fractionation as a novel pretreatment/lignin-first approach for lignocellulosic biomass valorization: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129396. [PMID: 37369316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Presently, the use of lignocellulosic biomass is mainly focused on creating pulp/paper, energy, sugars and bioethanol from the holocellulose component, leaving behind lignin to be discarded or burned as waste despite of its highest aromatic carbon and energy content (22-29 KJ/g). During the pulping process, lignin undergoes significant structural changes to yield technical lignin. For a circular bioeconomy, there is an urgent need to enhance the use of native lignin for generating more valuable products. Over the last few years, a new method called 'lignin-first', or 'reductive catalytic fractionation' (RCF), has been devised to achieve selective phenolic monomers under mild reaction conditions. This involves deconstructing lignin before capitalizing on carbohydrates. The objective of this study is to record the recent developments of the 'lignin-first' process. This review also underlines the contribution of RCF biorefinery towards achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) and concludes with an overview of challenges and upcoming opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Jindal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Uniyal
- Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bhaksar Thallada
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, Uttarakhand, India.
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6
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Huang YB, Yan XY, Huang ZH, Shan TX, Geng JY, Cao ZH, Lu Q. Rapid Synthesis of Diesel Precursors from Biomass-Derived Furanics Over Aluminum-Doped Mesoporous Silica Sphere Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201677. [PMID: 36519750 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The condensation of biomass-derived molecules has been increasingly utilized as a sustainable strategy for the preparation of high-carbon precursors for high-density fuels, thus stimulating the demand for more efficient catalysts. This study concerns the synthesis of an aluminum-doped mesoporous silica sphere (Al-MSS) catalyst for the conversion of biobased furfural and 2-methylfuran into a C15 diesel precursor through a hydroxyalkylation/alkylation (HAA) reaction. A series of Al-MSS catalysts with different Si/Al ratios and calcination temperatures is prepared and extensively characterized, among which Al-MSS20-450 (Si/Al=20 : 1, calcined at 450 °C) exhibits unprecedentedly high reaction efficiency in catalyzing HAA reaction, offering a 94 % product yield at 140 °C in 20 min. The catalyst also gives high product yields across a broad temperature range from 80 °C to 140 °C with varied reaction time. Reaction kinetics reveal that both competitive substrate adsorption and temperature-dependent system viscosity affect the reaction efficiencies. Correlations between the catalytic activity and surface acid sites disclose that moderate and strong acid sites are primarily responsible for catalysis. Brønsted and Lewis acid sites are found by poisoning assays to work synergistically to catalyze the reaction, with the former being the primary sites. Finally, the catalyst displays good recycling performance, which further highlights its potential for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Bing Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, 2# Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China) updated to match address
| | - Xia-Yun Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, 2# Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China) updated to match address
| | - Zhi-Hao Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, 2# Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China) updated to match address
| | - Tian-Xi Shan
- National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, 2# Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China) updated to match address
| | - Jing-Yu Geng
- National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, 2# Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China) updated to match address
| | - Zi-He Cao
- National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, 2# Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China) updated to match address
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, 2# Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China) updated to match address
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7
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Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Technologies: A Perception into Recent Advances in Biomass Fractionation, Biorefineries, Economic Hurdles and Market Outlook. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomasses (LCB) are sustainable and abundantly available feedstocks for the production of biofuel and biochemicals via suitable bioconversion processing. The main aim of this review is to focus on strategies needed for the progression of viable lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries (integrated approaches) to generate biofuels and biochemicals. Processing biomass in a sustainable manner is a major challenge that demands the accomplishment of basic requirements relating to cost effectiveness and environmental sustainability. The challenges associated with biomass availability and the bioconversion process have been explained in detail in this review. Limitations associated with biomass structural composition can obstruct the feasibility of biofuel production, especially in mono-process approaches. In such cases, biorefinery approaches and integrated systems certainly lead to improved biofuel conversion. This review paper provides a summary of mono and integrated approaches, their limitations and advantages in LCB bioconversion to biofuel and biochemicals.
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8
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Oliveira L, Pereira M, Pacheli Heitman A, Filho J, Oliveira C, Ziolek M. Niobium: The Focus on Catalytic Application in the Conversion of Biomass and Biomass Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:1527. [PMID: 36838514 PMCID: PMC9960283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The world scenario regarding consumption and demand for products based on fossil fuels has demonstrated the imperative need to develop new technologies capable of using renewable resources. In this context, the use of biomass to obtain chemical intermediates and fuels has emerged as an important area of research in recent years, since it is a renewable source of carbon in great abundance. It has the benefit of not contributing to the additional emission of greenhouse gases since the CO2 released during the energy conversion process is consumed by it through photosynthesis. In the presented review, the authors provide an update of the literature in the field of biomass transformation with the use of niobium-containing catalysts, emphasizing the versatility of niobium compounds for the conversion of different types of biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Campus Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcio Pereira
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Campus Mucuri, Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Pacheli Heitman
- Departamento de Química, Campus Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - José Filho
- Departamento de Química, Campus Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Campus Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Ziolek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Novel Challenges on the Catalytic Synthesis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from Real Feedstocks. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The depletion of fossil resources makes the transition towards renewable ones more urgent. For this purpose, the synthesis of strategic platform-chemicals, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), represents a fundamental challenge for the development of a feasible bio-refinery. HMF perfectly deals with this necessity, because it can be obtained from the hexose fraction of biomass. Thanks to its high reactivity, it can be exploited for the synthesis of renewable monomers, solvents, and bio-fuels. Sustainable HMF synthesis requires the use of waste biomasses, rather than model compounds such as monosaccharides or polysaccharides, making its production more economically advantageous from an industrial perspective. However, the production of HMF from real feedstocks generally suffers from scarce selectivity, due to their complex chemical composition and HMF instability. On this basis, different strategies have been adopted to maximize the HMF yield. Under this perspective, the properties of the catalytic system, as well as the choice of a suitable solvent and the addition of an eventual pretreatment of the biomass, represent key aspects of the optimization of HMF synthesis. On this basis, the present review summarizes and critically discusses the most recent and attractive strategies for HMF production from real feedstocks, focusing on the smartest catalytic systems and the overall sustainability of the adopted reaction conditions.
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10
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Okoro OV, Nie L, Waeytens J, Hamidi M, Shavandi A. Thermochemical Liquefaction of Pomace Using Sub/Supercritical Ethanol: an Integrated Experimental and Preliminary Economic Feasibility Study. BIOENERGY RESEARCH 2022; 16:1-13. [PMID: 36157600 PMCID: PMC9483906 DOI: 10.1007/s12155-022-10511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fossil sourced chemicals such as aromatics, are widely employed in the chemical industry for the production of commodity items. Recognizing the un-sustainability of existing approaches in the production of these chemicals, the current study investigated the valorization of apple pomace (AP) for their production. The present study assessed AP valorization by imposing variations in processing conditions of temperature (100-260 °C), time (0.5-12 h), alcohol/water ratio v/v (0:1-1:0), and Fe3+/H2O2 molar ratio (10:1-100-1), in accordance to the Box-Behnken experimental design. The optimal yield of the oil was 24.6 wt.%, at the temperature, time, alcohol/water ratio v/v, and Fe3+/H2O2 molar ratio of 260 °C, 4.7 h, 1, and 100, respectively. Notably, the application of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy showed that the oil product contained mainly aromatics and interestingly also alkanes, indicating that the experimental conditions imposed promoted secondary hydrogenation reactions of oxygen-containing species during AP valorization. A consideration of the comparative economics of the proposed AP valorization and the existing AP management approach, using approximate estimation techniques, highlighted the potential of a ~ 59% reduction in the unit cost of AP management. The study therefore presents a compelling basis for future investigations into AP waste management using the thermochemical liquefaction technology. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lei Nie
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000 China
| | - Jehan Waeytens
- Boulevard du Triomphe, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculté des sciences, Structure et fonction des membranes biologiques, CP206/2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Zheng B, Yu S, Chen Z, Huo YX. A consolidated review of commercial-scale high-value products from lignocellulosic biomass. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:933882. [PMID: 36081794 PMCID: PMC9445815 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.933882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, lignocellulosic biomass has been introduced to the public as the most important raw material for the environmentally and economically sustainable production of high-valued bioproducts by microorganisms. However, due to the strong recalcitrant structure, the lignocellulosic materials have major limitations to obtain fermentable sugars for transformation into value-added products, e.g., bioethanol, biobutanol, biohydrogen, etc. In this review, we analyzed the recent trends in bioenergy production from pretreated lignocellulose, with special attention to the new strategies for overcoming pretreatment barriers. In addition, persistent challenges in developing for low-cost advanced processing technologies are also pointed out, illustrating new approaches to addressing the global energy crisis and climate change caused by the use of fossil fuels. The insights given in this study will enable a better understanding of current processes and facilitate further development on lignocellulosic bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengzhu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenya Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xin Huo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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12
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Lin T, Meng F, Zhang M, Liu Q. Effects of different low temperature pretreatments on properties of corn stover biochar for precursors of sulfonated solid acid catalysts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127342. [PMID: 35605770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different pretreatment methods including phosphoric acid (PA), freeze drying (FD) and phosphoric acid-freeze drying combined (PA-FD) pretreatment on corn stover characteristics and pyrolysis of corn stover samples was investigated. The results demonstrated that the physiochemical properties of biochars varied significantly. In comparison, PA pretreatment could effectively remove a large portion of inorganics and improve the fuel characteristics. PA-CSB-600 had a greater HHV, lower O/C and H/C ratios, and a lower biochar energy yield (Ye), indicating the possibility for an attractive fuel source. PA-FD pretreatment would significantly affected cell volume and caused mechanical damage to corn stover structure. As a sulfonated solid acid catalyst precursor, the results of cellulose catalytic hydrolysis indicated that the density of -SO3H in FD-CSA was much higher than PA-FD-CSA, but lower surface special area. Specifically, PA-FD-CSB prepared at 600 °C resulted in the maximum increase of cellulose conversion by 34.7-81.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Lin
- Faculty of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Fanbin Meng
- Faculty of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qingyu Liu
- Faculty of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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13
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Hoang Tran P. Recent Approaches in the Catalytic Transformation of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-Diformylfuran. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200220. [PMID: 35307983 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of biomass into a great variety of valuable chemicals, polymers, and fuels gives a sustainable alternative for the insufficiency of non-renewable fossil fuel resources and reduces environmental pollution. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), converted from sustainable carbohydrates, is a significant building block chemical, and the selective oxidation of HMF into 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) presents an ongoing challenge. DFF is a versatile platform molecule derived from biomass and has promising application in pharmaceuticals and polymers. This Review provides an overview of the latest developments of efficient catalytic systems for the sustainable conversion of HMF to DFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Hoang Tran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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14
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Ji N, Yin J, Rong Y, Li H, Yu Z, Lei Y, Wang S, Diao X. More than a support: the unique role of Nb 2O 5 in supported metal catalysts for lignin hydrodeoxygenation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00245k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
How does Nb2O5 in supported catalysts affect the hydrodeoxygenation of lignin? This article discusses the effects of Nb2O5 in detail, including the promotion of C–O bond cleavage, the improvement of water resistance and the enhancement of durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yue Rong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Hanyang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yaxuan Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Shurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
| | - Xinyong Diao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
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15
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Ashokkumar V, Venkatkarthick R, Jayashree S, Chuetor S, Dharmaraj S, Kumar G, Chen WH, Ngamcharussrivichai C. Recent advances in lignocellulosic biomass for biofuels and value-added bioproducts - A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126195. [PMID: 34710596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a highly renewable, economical, and carbon-neutral feedstock containing sugar-rich moieties that can be processed to produce second-generation biofuels and bio-sourced compounds. However, due to their heterogeneous multi-scale structure, the lignocellulosic materials have major limitations to valorization and exhibit recalcitrance to saccharification or hydrolysis by enzymes. In this context, this review focuses on the latest methods available and state-of-the-art technologies in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, which aids the disintegration of the complex materials into monomeric units. In addition, this review deals with the genetic engineering techniques to develop advanced strategies for fermentation processes or microbial cell factories to generate desired products in native or modified hosts. Further, it also intends to bridge the gap in developing various economically feasible lignocellulosic products and chemicals using biorefining technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veeramuthu Ashokkumar
- Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC), Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | | | - Shanmugam Jayashree
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600086, India
| | - Santi Chuetor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Selvakumar Dharmaraj
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Academy of Maritime Education and Training [AMET] (Deemed to be University), Chennai 603112, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai
- Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC), Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology (PETROMAT), Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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16
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Selectively Producing Acetic Acid via Boric Acid-Catalyzed Fast Pyrolysis of Woody Biomass. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Boric acid is recently proved to be a good substitute for conventional acidic catalytic materials. However, few studies used boric acid as a catalyst in biomass pyrolysis. This study focused on the catalytic effects of boric acid (BA) on pyrolysis behaviors of woody biomass. The birch wood flour (WF) was used as feedstock and treated by impregnation of boric acid solution. Both untreated and boric acid-treated samples (BW) were characterized by FTIR and SEM. Thermogravimetry (TG) and pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) techniques were used for studying mass loss, composition, and distribution of evolved volatiles formed from pyrolysis process. Additionally, a small fixed-bed pyrolyzer with an amplificated loading amount was used to prepare liquid products, and further, GC/MS were used to analyze the composition of these liquid products. Different pyrolysis temperatures and boric acid/wood flour mass ratios were also studied. The main results are as follows. Boric acid infiltrated into both cell cavity and cell wall through impregnation treatment. FTIR analysis showed that boric acid reacted with wood flour to form B-O-C bond during the treatment. After the treatment of boric acid, the initial degradation temperatures and residual carbon contents were increased, while the maximum weight loss rates were decreased. Boric acid significantly altered the composition and distribution of volatile pyrolysis products of wood flour. It significantly increased the contents of small molecule compounds such as acetic acid and furfural but, decreased the contents of phenol derivatives with high molecular weights. And these changes became more pronounced as the temperature increased. When mass ratio of boric acid (BA) to wood flour (WF) was 2, the acetic acid accounted for 91.28% of the total product in the pyrolysis liquid, which was 14 times higher than that of untreated wood flour. Boric acid effectively catalyzed fast pyrolysis of woody biomass to selectively produce acetic acid
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17
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Thuriot-Roukos J, Khadraoui R, Paul S, Wojcieszak R. Raman Spectroscopy Applied to Monitor Furfural Liquid-Phase Oxidation Catalyzed by Supported Gold Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:14283-14290. [PMID: 32596565 PMCID: PMC7315432 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, Raman spectroscopy is used as a tool to study the mechanism of furfural oxidation using H2O2 as a reagent on gold nanoparticles (NPs) supported on hydrotalcites (HTs). This reaction was repeated, under the same conditions, but with different reaction times in a parallel multireactor system. The reaction media were analyzed using a macro device associated with a multipass cell permitting us to enhance the Raman signal by reflecting the laser beam 3 times. The Raman spectra showed the conversion of furfural to furoic acid without any chemical intermediates, thus privileging a direct pathway. Combining the results of the catalytic tests with those of the Raman study, the mechanism of furfural oxidation to furoic acid using gold NPs supported on HTs is proposed. The key points of this mechanism were found to be as follows: (i) the in situ formation of a base, originating from the Mg leaching from the HT support, initiates the oxidation of furfural by deprotonation; (ii) H2O2 used as a reagent in the solution increases the catalytic activity by its dissociation to form hydroxide ions; and (iii) the oxidation of furfural occurs on the surface of gold NPs and leads to higher furoic acid yield.
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18
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Korányi TI, Fridrich B, Pineda A, Barta K. Development of 'Lignin-First' Approaches for the Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Molecules 2020; 25:E2815. [PMID: 32570887 PMCID: PMC7356833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, valorization of lignocellulosic biomass almost exclusively focuses on the production of pulp, paper, and bioethanol from its holocellulose constituent, while the remaining lignin part that comprises the highest carbon content, is burned and treated as waste. Lignin has a complex structure built up from propylphenolic subunits; therefore, its valorization to value-added products (aromatics, phenolics, biogasoline, etc.) is highly desirable. However, during the pulping processes, the original structure of native lignin changes to technical lignin. Due to this extensive structural modification, involving the cleavage of the β-O-4 moieties and the formation of recalcitrant C-C bonds, its catalytic depolymerization requires harsh reaction conditions. In order to apply mild conditions and to gain fewer and uniform products, a new strategy has emerged in the past few years, named 'lignin-first' or 'reductive catalytic fractionation' (RCF). This signifies lignin disassembly prior to carbohydrate valorization. The aim of the present work is to follow historically, year-by-year, the development of 'lignin-first' approach. A compact summary of reached achievements, future perspectives and remaining challenges is also given at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás I. Korányi
- Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Department, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly Thege M. u. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Fridrich
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Antonio Pineda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Ed. Marie Curie (C 3), Campus of Rabanales, Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, E14014 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Katalin Barta
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.F.); (K.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
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19
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Aldol condensation of furfural with acetone over Ca/ZSM-5 catalyst with lower dosages of water and acetone. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Wang M, Wang F. Catalytic Scissoring of Lignin into Aryl Monomers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901866. [PMID: 31821648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is an aromatic polymer, which is the biggest and most sustainable reservoir for aromatics. The selective conversion of lignin polymers into aryl monomers is a promising route to provide aromatics, but it is also a challenging task. Compared to cellulose, lignin remains the most poorly utilized biopolymer due to its complex structure. Although harsh conditions can degrade lignin, the aromatic rings are usually destroyed. This article comprehensively analyzes the challenges facing the scissoring of lignin into aryl monomers and summarizes the recent progress, focusing on the strategies and the catalysts to address the problems. Finally, emphasis is given to the outlook and future directions of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
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21
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Zhou R, Zhou R, Zhang X, Fang Z, Wang X, Speight R, Wang H, Doherty W, Cullen PJ, Ostrikov KK, Bazaka K. High-Performance Plasma-Enabled Biorefining of Microalgae to Value-Added Products. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:4976-4985. [PMID: 31441585 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of renewable biomass by time- and energy-efficient techniques remains an important challenge. Herein, plasma catalytic liquefaction (PCL) is employed to achieve rapid liquefaction of microalgae under mild conditions. The choice of the catalyst affects both the liquefaction efficiency and the yield of products. The acid catalyst is more effective and gave a liquid yield of 73.95 wt % in 3 min, as opposed to 69.80 wt % obtained with the basic catalyst in 7 min. Analyses of the thus-formed products and the processing environment reveal that the enhanced PCL performance is linked to the rapid increase in temperature under the effect of plasma-induced electric fields and the generation of large quantities of reactive species. Moreover, the obtained solid residue can be simply upgraded to a carbon product suitable for supercapacitor applications. Therefore, the proposed strategy may provide a new avenue for fast and comprehensive utilization of biomass under benign conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renwu Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Rusen Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Department of Electronic Science, College of Physical Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Fang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Robert Speight
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Hongxia Wang
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - William Doherty
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Patrick J Cullen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Kateryna Bazaka
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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22
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Jing Y, Guo Y, Xia Q, Liu X, Wang Y. Catalytic Production of Value-Added Chemicals and Liquid Fuels from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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23
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Renders T, Van den Bossche G, Vangeel T, Van Aelst K, Sels B. Reductive catalytic fractionation: state of the art of the lignin-first biorefinery. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 56:193-201. [PMID: 30677700 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) of lignocellulose is an emerging biorefinery scheme that combines biomass fractionation with lignin depolymerisation. Central to this scheme is the integration of heterogeneous catalysis, which overcomes the tendency of lignin to repolymerise. Ultimately, this leads to a low-Mw lignin oil comprising a handful of lignin-derived monophenolics in close-to-theoretical yield, as well as a carbohydrate pulp. Both product streams are considered to be valuable resources for the bio-based chemical industry. This Opinion article sheds light on recently achieved milestones and consequent research opportunities. More specifically, mechanistic studies have established a general understanding of the elementary RCF steps, which include (i) lignin extraction, (ii) solvolytic and catalytic depolymerisation and (iii) stabilisation. This insight forms the foundation for recently developed flow-through RCF. Compared to traditional batch, flow-through RCF has the advantage of (i) separating the solvolytic steps from the catalytic steps and (ii) being a semi-continuous process; both of which are beneficial for research purposes and for industrial operation. Although RCF has originally been developed for 'virgin' biomass, researchers have just begun to explore alternative feedstocks. Low-value biomass sources such as agricultural residues, waste wood and bark, are cheap and abundant but are also often more complex. On the other side of the feedstock spectrum are high-value bio-engineered crops, specifically tailored for biorefinery purposes. Advantageous for RCF are feedstocks designed to (i) increase the total monomer yield, (ii) extract lignin more easily, and/or (iii) yield unconventional, high-value products (e.g. alkylated catechols derived from C-lignin). Taking a look at the bigger picture, this Opinion article highlights the multidisciplinary nature of RCF. Collaborative efforts involving chemists, reactor engineers, bioengineers and biologists working closer together are, therefore, strongly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Renders
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Gil Van den Bossche
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thijs Vangeel
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Korneel Van Aelst
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Sels
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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