1
|
Chen C, Lv M, Hu H, Huai L, Zhu B, Fan S, Wang Q, Zhang J. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and its Downstream Chemicals: A Review of Catalytic Routes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311464. [PMID: 38808666 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Biomass assumes an increasingly vital role in the realm of renewable energy and sustainable development due to its abundant availability, renewability, and minimal environmental impact. Within this context, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), derived from sugar dehydration, stands out as a critical bio-derived product. It serves as a pivotal multifunctional platform compound, integral in synthesizing various vital chemicals, including furan-based polymers, fine chemicals, and biofuels. The high reactivity of HMF, attributed to its highly active aldehyde, hydroxyl, and furan ring, underscores the challenge of selectively regulating its conversion to obtain the desired products. This review highlights the research progress on efficient catalytic systems for HMF synthesis, oxidation, reduction, and etherification. Additionally, it outlines the techno-economic analysis (TEA) and prospective research directions for the production of furan-based chemicals. Despite significant progress in catalysis research, and certain process routes demonstrating substantial economics, with key indicators surpassing petroleum-based products, a gap persists between fundamental research and large-scale industrialization. This is due to the lack of comprehensive engineering research on bio-based chemicals, making the commercialization process a distant goal. These findings provide valuable insights for further development of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingxin Lv
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hualei Hu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liyuan Huai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shilin Fan
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiuge Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang ZK, Xu WY, Gong TJ, Fu Y. Modular Synthesis of Fluoro-Substituted Furan Compounds via Controllable Fluorination of Biomass-Based 5-HMF and Its Derivatives. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301072. [PMID: 37607884 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is regarded as one of the most promising platform feedstocks for producing valuable chemicals, fuels, and materials. In this study, we present a controllable fluorination technique for biomass-based 5-HMF and its oxygenated derivatives. This technique allows us to synthesize mono-fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, and acylfluoro-substituted furan compounds by adjusting experimental conditions such as different fluorine sources and mole ratio. To gain a deeper understanding the reactivity order, we conducted intermolecular and intramolecular competition experiments. The results revealed that the hydroxyl group exhibited the highest reactivity, followed by the aldehyde group. This finding provides important theoretical support and opens up the possibility of selective fluorination. The reaction offers several advantages, including mild conditions, no need for inert gas protection, and easy operation. Furthermore, the fluoro-substituted furan compounds can be further transformed for the preparation of drug analogs, offering a new route for the high-value utilization of biomass molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Kuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Tian-Jun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thi Ngo DK, Nguyen TH, Nguyen PN, Nguyen HT, Thi Huynh TN, Phan HB, Tran PH. Efficient conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21274. [PMID: 38027850 PMCID: PMC10643102 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the conversion of monosaccharides to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) using different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was investigated in various conditions. Among all the investigated DESs, [ChCl][trichloroacetic acid], based on choline chloride and trichloroacetic acid with the ratio 1:1, showed the highest catalytic activity. A maximum 5-HMF yield was 82 % for 1 h at 100 °C using [ChCl][trichloroacetic acid] as a catalyst from fructose. [ChCl][trichloroacetic acid] could be recovered and reused three times with a slight loss in activity. Our work demonstrated the low-cost and effective method for the synthesis of 5-HMF from carbohydrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dung Kim Thi Ngo
- Faculty of General Sciences, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City, Tra Vinh Province, Viet Nam
| | - Trinh Hao Nguyen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Phat Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Hai Truong Nguyen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Trinh Ngoc Thi Huynh
- Faculty of General Sciences, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City, Tra Vinh Province, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Bich Phan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Institute of Public Health, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Phuong Hoang Tran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huynh QT, Zhong CT, Huang Q, Lin YC, Chen KF, Liao CS, Dong CD, Chang KL. Highly effective synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from lignocellulosic biomass over a green and one-pot reaction in biphasic system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129590. [PMID: 37532059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, different types of lignocellulosic biomas were used as substrates for the conversion to 5-HMF via biphasic reaction system that is composed of a reaction phase (aqueous phase) and an extraction phase (organic phase) under the catalysis of various metal salts. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl, aqueous choline chloride, aqueous betaine hydrochloride, and ethylamine hydrochloride were used as the reaction phase in the combination of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as organic solvents. The highest yields of 5-HMF obtained from pineapple stems in reactions with DES were 40.98%, 37.26%, and 23.44% for ChCl:Lac, ChCl:OA, and EaCl:Lac, respectively. Moreover, the combination of dimethyl sulfoxide, betaine hydrochloride aqueous solution, and AlCl3·6H2O with the pineapple stem conversion system resulted in a maximum yield of 61.04% ± 0.55% of 5-HMF. This study also demonstrated that AlCl3·6H2O and betaine hydrochloride could be effectively reused four times, which indicates a green and effective process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quang Tam Huynh
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Ting Zhong
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Qing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yuan-Chung Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Center for Emerging Contaminants Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Fan Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 545, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sen Liao
- Department of Biological Science & Technology, I Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Lin Chang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Center for Emerging Contaminants Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cao Y, Liu F, Liu Y, Yu Q. Synthesis of biofuel precursors from benzaldehyde and cyclopentanone via aldehyde-ketone condensation in a deep eutectic solvent system. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25939-25947. [PMID: 37655350 PMCID: PMC10466084 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04058e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Production of biofuel precursors from biomass-derived platform compounds (BDPC) has a profound influence on biofuel industries. Herein, an efficient catalytic system composed of the deep eutectic solvent (DES, i.e., ChCl/Fa) and SnCl4 (ChCl/Fa-SnCl4) was developed to produce biofuel precursors (C12 and C19) through aldehyde-ketone (A-K) condensation of benzaldehyde (BD) and cyclopentanone (CPO). ChCl/Fa-SnCl4 exhibited the prospective catalytic performance and given the high selectivity (SC12 = 49.20%, SC19 = 15.20%) and total yield (YC12+C19 = 64.37%) of C12 and C19, as well as 99.96% BD conversion under the optimized conditions (BD : CPO molar ratio of 1 : 6, ChCl : Fa molar ratio of 1 : 12, 4 mmol SnCl4, 80 °C for 120 min). Subsequently, the C12 and C19 precursors were successfully applied to generate cyclic alkanes (C12H14 and C19H18) by hydrodeoxygenation with selectivity of 37.61% and 24.10%, respectively. Finally, the potential catalytic mechanism was explored by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results unveiled that the formation of a stable structure for the ChCl/Fa-SnCl4 system was ascribed to the viable interactions among ChCl, Fa and SnCl4 by coordination bonds, electrostatic interactions and H-bonds, which decreased reaction energy barriers and drove the condensation of BD and CPO. In this case, the catalytic reactions between BD and CPO were enhanced to promote the synthesis of C12 and C19. This work provides a novel strategy for the applicability of different BDPC to synthesize fuel precursors for the development of liquid biofuels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Cao
- School of Low-Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Low-Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dharmapriya TN, Chang KL, Huang PJ. Valorization of Glucose-Derived Humin as a Low-Cost, Green, Reusable Adsorbent for Dye Removal, and Modeling the Process. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3268. [PMID: 37571162 PMCID: PMC10422260 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose can be isomerized into fructose and dehydrated into key platform biochemicals, following the "bio-refinery concept". However, this process generates black and intractable substances called humin, which possess a polymeric furanic-type structure. In this study, glucose-derived humin (GDH) was obtained by reacting D-glucose with an allylamine catalyst in a deep eutectic solvent medium, followed by a carbonization step. GDH was used as a low-cost, green, and reusable adsorbent for removing cationic methylene blue (MB) dye from water. The morphology of carbonized GDH differs from pristine GDH. The removal efficiencies of MB dye using pristine GDH and carbonized GDH were 52% and 97%, respectively. Temperature measurements indicated an exothermic process following pseudo-first-order kinetics, with adsorption behavior described by the Langmuir isotherm. The optimum parameters were predicted using the response surface methodology and found to be a reaction time of 600 min, an initial dye concentration of 50 ppm, and a GDH weight of 0.11 g with 98.7% desirability. The MB dye removal rate optimized through this model was 96.85%, which was in good agreement with the experimentally obtained value (92.49%). After 10 cycles, the MB removal rate remained above 80%, showcasing the potential for GDH reuse and cost-effective wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thakshila Nadeeshani Dharmapriya
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80432, Taiwan; (T.N.D.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Ken-Lin Chang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80432, Taiwan; (T.N.D.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Po-Jung Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ruan C, Heeres HJ, Yue J. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural synthesis from fructose over deep eutectic solvents in batch reactors and continuous flow microreactors. J Flow Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-023-00262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this work, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG) was prepared and applied for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), catalyzed by HCl in both laboratory batch reactors and continuous flow microreactors. The effects of reaction temperature, batch time, catalyst loading and molar ratio of ChCl to EG on the fructose conversion and HMF yield were first investigated in the monophasic batch system of ChCl/EG DES. To inhibit HMF-involved side reactions (e.g., its polymerization to humins), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) was used as the extraction agent to form a biphasic system with DES in batch reactors. As a result, the maximum HMF yield could be enhanced at an MIBK to DES volume ratio of 3:1, e.g., increased from 48% in the monophasic DES (with a molar ratio ChCl to EG at 1:3) to 63% in the biphasic system at 80°C and 5 mol% of HCl loading. Based on the optimized results in batch reactors, biphasic experiments were conducted in capillary microreactors under slug flow operation, where a maximum HMF yield of ca. 61% could be obtained in 13 min, which is similar to that in batch under otherwise the same conditions. The slight mass transfer limitation in microreactors was confirmed by performing experiments with microreactors of varying length, and comparing the characteristic mass transfer time and reaction time, indicating further room for improvement.
Highlights
• The efficient fructose conversion to HMF in deep eutectic solvents was achieved in batch reactors and microreactors.
• An HMF yield over 60% could be obtained at a fructose conversion above 90% in both reactors at 80°C within 14 min.
• The HMF yield was enhanced from 48% in the monophasic ChCl/EG system to 63% in the DES-MBIK biphasic system in batch.
• A slight mass transfer limitation was found in the biphasic slug flow microreactor.
Graphical Abstract
Collapse
|
8
|
Cannavacciuolo C, Pagliari S, Frigerio J, Giustra CM, Labra M, Campone L. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs) Combined with Sustainable Extraction Techniques: A Review of the Green Chemistry Approach in Food Analysis. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010056. [PMID: 36613272 PMCID: PMC9818194 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Usual extraction processes for analyzing foods, supplements, and nutraceutical products involve massive amounts of organic solvents contributing to a negative impact on the environment and human health. In recent years, a new class of green solvents called natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have been considered a valid alternative to conventional solvents. Compared with conventional organic solvents, NADES have attracted considerable attention since they are sustainable, biodegradable, and non-toxic but also are easy to prepare, and have low production costs. Here we summarize the major aspects of NADEs such as the classification, preparation method physicochemical properties, and toxicity. Moreover, we provide an overview of novel extraction techniques using NADES as potential extractants of bioactive compounds from foods and food by-products, and application of NADEs in food analysis. This review aims to be useful for the further development of NAES and for broadening the knowledge of these new green solvents in order to increase their use for the extraction of bioactive compounds and in food analysis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Tao S, Hu L, Zhang X, Mai Y, Xian X, Zheng X, Lin X. Insights into the Play of Novel Brønsted Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Conversion of Glucose into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural without Additional Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunhui Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu
District, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu
District, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu
District, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinglin Mai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu
District, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Xian
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu
District, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu
District, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu
District, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Clean Transportation Energy Chemistry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen L, Xiong Y, Qin H, Qi Z. Advances of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents in Green Processes of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102635. [PMID: 35088547 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is identified as an important bio-based platform chemical to bridge petroleum-based and biomass-based resources. It can be obtained through dehydration of various carbohydrates as well as converted to value-added fuels and chemicals. As designer solvents, ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been widely used in catalytic transformation of biomass derivatives to various chemicals. This Review summarizes recent progress in experimental and theoretical studies on dehydration of carbohydrates such as fructose, glucose, sucrose, cellobiose, chitosan, cellulose, inulin, and even raw biomass to generate HMF using ILs and DESs as catalysts/cocatalysts and/or solvents/cosolvents. It also gives an overview of IL and DES-involved catalytic transformation of HMF to downstream products via oxidation, reduction, esterification, decarboxylation, and so forth. Challenges and prospects of ILs and DESs are also proposed for further production of HMF and HMF derivatives from biomass in green and sustainable processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Chen
- Max Planck Partner Group at the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Xiong
- Max Planck Partner Group at the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hao Qin
- Chair for Process Systems Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, D-39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Zhiwen Qi
- Max Planck Partner Group at the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guo X, Zhu H, Si Y, Lyu X, Cheng Y, Zheng L, Wang L, Li X. Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Deep Eutectic Solvent of Choline Chloride–Chromium Chloride. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haoxiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Si
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xilei Lyu
- Hengyi Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Youwei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, P. R. China
| | - Liping Zheng
- Hengyi Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Hengyi Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Improved Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents Using Microwave-Assisted Reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041959. [PMID: 35216072 PMCID: PMC8875992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a key platform chemical, essential for the production of other chemicals, as well as fuels. Despite its importance, the production methods applied so far still lack in sustainability. In this work, acidic deep eutectic solvents (DES), acting both as solvent and catalyst, were studied for the conversion of fructose into 5-HMF using microwave-assisted reactions. These solvents were screened and optimized by varying the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA). The bio-based solvent γ-valerolactone (GVL) was also applied as additive, leading to a boost in 5-HMF yield. Then, a response surface methodology was applied to further optimize operating conditions, such as reaction time, temperature and wt.% of added GVL. The highest 5-HMF yield attained, after optimization, was 82.4% at 130 °C, in 4 min of reaction time and with the addition of 10 wt.% of GVL. Moreover, a process for 5-HMF recovery and DES reuse was developed through the use of the bio-based solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-Me-THF), allowing at least three cycles of 5-HMF production with minimal yield losses, while maintaining the purity of the isolated 5-HMF and the efficacy of the reaction media.
Collapse
|