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Guo Z, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Lin T, Guo Y, He LN, Liu T. CO 2 Valorization in Deep Eutectic Solvents. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400197. [PMID: 38629214 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The deep eutectic solvent (DES) has emerged in recent years as a valuable medium for converting CO2 into valuable chemicals because of its easy availability, stability, and safety, and its capability to dissolve carbon dioxide. CO2 valorization in DES has evolved rapidly over the past 20 years. As well as being used as solvents for acid/base-promoted CO2 conversion for the production of cyclic carbonates and carbamates, DESs can be used as reaction media for electrochemical CO2 reduction for formic acid and CO. Among these products, cyclic carbonates can be used as solvents and electrolytes, carbamate derivatives include the core structure of many herbicides and pesticides, and formic acid and carbon monoxide, the C1 electrochemical products, are essential raw materials in the chemical industries. An overview of the application of DESs for CO2 valorization in recent years is presented in this review, followed by a compilation and comparison of product types and reaction mechanisms within the different types of DESs, and an outlook on how CO2 valorization will be developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yuchen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tianxing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yixin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Liang-Nian He
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tianfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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2
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Scheelje FCM, Meier MAR. Non-isocyanate polyurethanes synthesized from terpenes using thiourea organocatalysis and thiol-ene-chemistry. Commun Chem 2023; 6:239. [PMID: 37925584 PMCID: PMC10625552 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The depletion of fossil resources as well as environmental concerns contribute to an increasing focus on finding more sustainable approaches for the synthesis of polymeric materials. In this work, a synthesis route towards non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) using renewable starting materials is presented. Based on the terpenes limonene and carvone as renewable resources, five-membered cyclic carbonates are synthesized and ring-opened with allylamine, using thiourea compounds as benign and efficient organocatalysts. Thus, five renewable AA monomers are obtained, bearing one or two urethane units. Taking advantage of the terminal double bonds of these AA monomers, step-growth thiol-ene polymerization is performed using different dithiols, to yield NIPUs with molecular weights of above 10 kDa under mild conditions. Variation of the dithiol and amine leads to polymers with different properties, with Mn of up to 31 kDa and Tg's ranging from 1 to 29 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieda Clara M Scheelje
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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3
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Yan XX, Lu WX, Mao JG, Xing J, Tang HY, Huang SY, Jiang W. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Esterification via C-H Bond Activation of Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37307498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A concise and highly efficient synthesis method of direct esterification of aldehydes via Pd-catalyzed C-H bond activation of aldehyde group has been developed. The strategy avoids the preoxidation step of aldehyde or use of condensing agents in ester synthesis, which is not only applicable to various alcohols but also suitable for the esterification of phenolics which are usually difficult to be esterified. The methodology has the significant advantages of broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and nonrequirement of additional oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xiu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Gang Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yi Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Wen Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
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4
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Brandolese A, Lamparelli DH, Pericàs MA, Kleij AW. Synthesis of Biorenewable Terpene Monomers Using Enzymatic Epoxidation under Heterogeneous Batch and Continuous Flow Conditions. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:4885-4893. [PMID: 37869721 PMCID: PMC10586497 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
A commercially available Lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized onto a macroporous support (Novozym 435) has been employed in the presence of H2O2 as a benign oxidant for the epoxidation of various biorenewable terpenes. This epoxidation protocol was explored under both heterogeneous batch and continuous flow conditions. The catalyst recyclability was also investigated demonstrating good activity throughout 10 cycles under batch conditions, while the same catalyst system could also be productively used under continuous flow operation for more than 30 h. This practical and relatively safe sustainable flow epoxidation of di- and trisubstituted alkenes by H2O2 allows for the production of gram quantities of a range of terpene epoxides. As a proof of principle, the same protocol can also be applied to the epoxidation of biobased polymers as a means to post-functionalize these macromolecules and equip them with cross-linkable epoxy groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Brandolese
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute
for Science & Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - David H. Lamparelli
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute
for Science & Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute
for Science & Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí
Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W. Kleij
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute
for Science & Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan
Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Bourguignon M, Grignard B, Detrembleur C. Water-Induced Self-Blown Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Foams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213422. [PMID: 36278827 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
For 80 years, polyisocyanates and polyols were central building blocks for the industrial fabrication of polyurethane (PU) foams. By their partial hydrolysis, isocyanates release CO2 that expands the PU network. Substituting this toxic isocyanate-based chemistry by a more sustainable variant-that in situ forms CO2 by hydrolysis of a comonomer-is urgently needed for producing greener cellular materials. Herein, we report a facile, up-scalable process, potentially compatible to existing infrastructures, to rapidly prepare water-induced self-blown non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) foams. We show that formulations composed of poly(cyclic carbonate)s and polyamines furnish rigid or flexible NIPU foams by partial hydrolysis of cyclic carbonates in the presence of a catalyst. By utilizing readily available low cost starting materials, this simple but robust process gives access to greener PU foams, expectedly responding to the sustainability demands of many sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bourguignon
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules(CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Department of Chemistry, Sart-Tilman, B6A, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bruno Grignard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules(CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Department of Chemistry, Sart-Tilman, B6A, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules(CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Department of Chemistry, Sart-Tilman, B6A, 4000, Liège, Belgium
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Ni J, Lanzi M, Kleij AW. Unusual DBU-catalyzed decarboxylative formation of allylic thioethers from vinyl cyclic carbonates and thiols. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01511k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vinyl cyclic carbonates undergo an exo-cyclic attack by thiol nucleophiles under DBU catalysis to form allylic thioether products in moderate to good yields through a decarboxylative process under attractive process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Ni
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 – Tarragona, Spain
| | - Matteo Lanzi
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 – Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W. Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 – Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 – Barcelona, Spain
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