1
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Nguyen PT, Makowiecki K, Lewis TS, Fortune AJ, Clutterbuck M, Reale LA, Taylor BV, Rodger J, Cullen CL, Young KM. Low intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation enhances remyelination by newborn and surviving oligodendrocytes in the cuprizone model of toxic demyelination. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:346. [PMID: 39134808 PMCID: PMC11335270 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
In people with multiple sclerosis (MS), newborn and surviving oligodendrocytes (OLs) can contribute to remyelination, however, current therapies are unable to enhance or sustain endogenous repair. Low intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LI-rTMS), delivered as an intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), increases the survival and maturation of newborn OLs in the healthy adult mouse cortex, but it is unclear whether LI-rTMS can promote remyelination. To examine this possibility, we fluorescently labelled oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs; Pdgfrα-CreER transgenic mice) or mature OLs (Plp-CreER transgenic mice) in the adult mouse brain and traced the fate of each cell population over time. Daily sessions of iTBS (600 pulses; 120 mT), delivered during cuprizone (CPZ) feeding, did not alter new or pre-existing OL survival but increased the number of myelin internodes elaborated by new OLs in the primary motor cortex (M1). This resulted in each new M1 OL producing ~ 471 µm more myelin. When LI-rTMS was delivered after CPZ withdrawal (during remyelination), it significantly increased the length of the internodes elaborated by new M1 and callosal OLs, increased the number of surviving OLs that supported internodes in the corpus callosum (CC), and increased the proportion of axons that were myelinated. The ability of LI-rTMS to modify cortical neuronal activity and the behaviour of new and surviving OLs, suggests that it may be a suitable adjunct intervention to enhance remyelination in people with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Tram Nguyen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Kalina Makowiecki
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Thomas S Lewis
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Alastair J Fortune
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Mackenzie Clutterbuck
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Laura A Reale
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Bruce V Taylor
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Carlie L Cullen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kaylene M Young
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
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Rashid-López R, Macías-García P, Sánchez-Fernández FL, Cano-Cano F, Sarrias-Arrabal E, Sanmartino F, Méndez-Bértolo C, Lozano-Soto E, Gutiérrez-Cortés R, González-Moraleda Á, Forero L, López-Sosa F, Zuazo A, Gómez-Molinero R, Gómez-Ramírez J, Paz-Expósito J, Rubio-Esteban G, Espinosa-Rosso R, Cruz-Gómez ÁJ, González-Rosa JJ. Neuroimaging and serum biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuroplasticity in Parkinson's disease patients treated by intermittent theta-burst stimulation over the bilateral primary motor area: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, crossover trial study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1258315. [PMID: 37869372 PMCID: PMC10585115 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1258315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) is a patterned form of excitatory transcranial magnetic stimulation that has yielded encouraging results as an adjunctive therapeutic option to alleviate the emergence of clinical deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Although it has been demonstrated that iTBS influences dopamine-dependent corticostriatal plasticity, little research has examined the neurobiological mechanisms underlying iTBS-induced clinical enhancement. Here, our primary goal is to verify whether iTBS bilaterally delivered over the primary motor cortex (M1) is effective as an add-on treatment at reducing scores for both motor functional impairment and nonmotor symptoms in PD. We hypothesize that these clinical improvements following bilateral M1-iTBS could be driven by endogenous dopamine release, which may rebalance cortical excitability and restore compensatory striatal volume changes, resulting in increased striato-cortico-cerebellar functional connectivity and positively impacting neuroglia and neuroplasticity. Methods A total of 24 PD patients will be assessed in a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled crossover study involving the application of iTBS over the bilateral M1 (M1 iTBS). Patients on medication will be randomly assigned to receive real iTBS or control (sham) stimulation and will undergo 5 consecutive sessions (5 days) of iTBS over the bilateral M1 separated by a 3-month washout period. Motor evaluation will be performed at different follow-up visits along with a comprehensive neurocognitive assessment; evaluation of M1 excitability; combined structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), resting-state electroencephalography and functional MRI; and serum biomarker quantification of neuroaxonal damage, astrocytic reactivity, and neural plasticity prior to and after iTBS. Discussion The findings of this study will help to clarify the efficiency of M1 iTBS for the treatment of PD and further provide specific neurobiological insights into improvements in motor and nonmotor symptoms in these patients. This novel project aims to yield more detailed structural and functional brain evaluations than previous studies while using a noninvasive approach, with the potential to identify prognostic neuroprotective biomarkers and elucidate the structural and functional mechanisms of M1 iTBS-induced plasticity in the cortico-basal ganglia circuitry. Our approach may significantly optimize neuromodulation paradigms to ensure state-of-the-art and scalable rehabilitative treatment to alleviate motor and nonmotor symptoms of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Rashid-López
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Paloma Macías-García
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - F. Luis Sánchez-Fernández
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Fátima Cano-Cano
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Esteban Sarrias-Arrabal
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Florencia Sanmartino
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Constantino Méndez-Bértolo
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Elena Lozano-Soto
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Remedios Gutiérrez-Cortés
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Álvaro González-Moraleda
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Lucía Forero
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Sosa
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Amaya Zuazo
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Medical Imaging, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Jaime Gómez-Ramírez
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - José Paz-Expósito
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Medical Imaging, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Espinosa-Rosso
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Jerez de la Frontera University Hospital, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | - Álvaro J. Cruz-Gómez
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Javier J. González-Rosa
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
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3
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Zheng J, Zhang W, Liu L, Hung Yap MK. Low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes plasticity of the visual cortex in adult amblyopic rats. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1109735. [PMID: 36743805 PMCID: PMC9892759 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The decline of visual plasticity restricts the recovery of visual functions in adult amblyopia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to be effective in treating adult amblyopia. However, the underlying mechanisms of rTMS on visual cortex plasticity remain unclear. In this study, we found that low-frequency rTMS reinstated the amplitude of visual evoked potentials, but did not influence the impaired depth perception of amblyopic rats. Furthermore, the expression of synaptic plasticity genes and the number of dendritic spines were significantly higher in amblyopic rats which received rTMS when compared with amblyopic rats which received sham stimulation, with reduced level of inhibition and perineuronal nets in visual cortex, as observed via molecular and histological investigations. The results provide further evidence that rTMS enhances functional recovery and visual plasticity in an adult amblyopic animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Zhang TR, Askari B, Kesici A, Guilherme E, Vila-Rodriguez F, Snyder JS. Intermittent theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation induces hippocampal mossy fibre plasticity in male but not female mice. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:310-323. [PMID: 36484786 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) induces electric fields that depolarise or hyperpolarise neurons. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a patterned form of TMS that is delivered at the theta frequency (~5 Hz), induces neuroplasticity in the hippocampus, a brain region that is implicated in memory and learning. One form of plasticity that is unique to the hippocampus is adult neurogenesis; however, little is known about whether TMS or iTBS in particular affects newborn neurons. Here, we therefore applied repeated sessions of iTBS to male and female mice and measured the extent of adult neurogenesis and the morphological features of immature neurons. We found that repeated sessions of iTBS did not significantly increase the amount of neurogenesis or affect the gross dendritic morphology of new neurons, and there were no sex differences in neurogenesis rates or aspects of afferent morphology. In contrast, efferent properties of newborn neurons varied as a function of sex and stimulation. Chronic iTBS increased the size of mossy fibre terminals, which synapse onto Cornu Ammonis 3 (CA3) pyramidal neurons, but only in males. iTBS also increased the number of terminal-associated filopodia, putative synapses onto inhibitory interneurons but only in male mice. This efferent plasticity could result from a general trophic effect, or it could reflect accelerated maturation of immature neurons. Given the important role of mossy fibre synapses in hippocampal learning, our results identify a neurobiological effect of iTBS that might be associated with sex-specific changes in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Rui Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Baran Askari
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aydan Kesici
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evelyn Guilherme
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlo, Brazil
| | - Fidel Vila-Rodriguez
- Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jason S Snyder
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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5
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Wang T, Wu H, Jiang Y, Huang W, Yu D, Zhang X, Mu Q. Effects of rTMS in Postpartum Depression: A Meta-Analysis. J Nurse Pract 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Poh EZ, Green C, Agostinelli L, Penrose-Menz M, Karl AK, Harvey AR, Rodger J. Manipulating the Level of Sensorimotor Stimulation during LI-rTMS Can Improve Visual Circuit Reorganisation in Adult Ephrin-A2A5 -/- Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052418. [PMID: 35269561 PMCID: PMC8910719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has the potential to treat a variety of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The extent of rTMS-induced neuroplasticity may be dependent on a subject's brain state at the time of stimulation. Chronic low intensity rTMS (LI-rTMS) has previously been shown to induce beneficial structural and functional reorganisation within the abnormal visual circuits of ephrin-A2A5-/- mice in ambient lighting. Here, we administered chronic LI-rTMS in adult ephrin-A2A5-/- mice either in a dark environment or concurrently with voluntary locomotion. One day after the last stimulation session, optokinetic responses were assessed and fluorescent tracers were injected to map corticotectal and geniculocortical projections. We found that LI-rTMS in either treatment condition refined the geniculocortical map. Corticotectal projections were improved in locomotion+LI-rTMS subjects, but not in dark + LI-rTMS and sham groups. Visuomotor behaviour was not improved in any condition. Our results suggest that the beneficial reorganisation of abnormal visual circuits by rTMS can be significantly influenced by simultaneous, ambient visual input and is enhanced by concomitant physical exercise. Furthermore, the observed pathway-specific effects suggest that regional molecular changes and/or the relative proximity of terminals to the induced electric fields influence the outcomes of LI-rTMS on abnormal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Z. Poh
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Z.P.); (M.P.-M.); (A.-K.K.)
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (C.G.); (L.A.); (A.R.H.)
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Courtney Green
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (C.G.); (L.A.); (A.R.H.)
| | - Luca Agostinelli
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (C.G.); (L.A.); (A.R.H.)
| | - Marissa Penrose-Menz
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Z.P.); (M.P.-M.); (A.-K.K.)
| | - Ann-Kathrin Karl
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Z.P.); (M.P.-M.); (A.-K.K.)
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alan R. Harvey
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (C.G.); (L.A.); (A.R.H.)
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Z.P.); (M.P.-M.); (A.-K.K.)
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-6488-2245
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7
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Ferro M, Lamanna J, Spadini S, Nespoli A, Sulpizio S, Malgaroli A. Synaptic plasticity mechanisms behind TMS efficacy: insights from its application to animal models. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:25-36. [PMID: 34783902 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Neural plasticity is defined as a reshape of communication paths among neurons, expressed through changes in the number and weights of synaptic contacts. During this process, which occurs massively during early brain development but continues also in adulthood, specific brain functions are modified by activity-dependent processes, triggered by external as well as internal stimuli. Since transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) produces a non-invasive form of brain cells activation, many different TMS protocols have been developed to treat neurological and psychiatric conditions and proved to be beneficial. Although neural plasticity induction by TMS has been widely assessed on human subjects, we still lack compelling evidence about the actual biological and molecular mechanisms. To support a better comprehension of the involved phenomena, the main focus of this review is to summarize what has been found through the application of TMS to animal models. The hope is that such integrated view will shed light on why and how TMS so effectively works on human subjects, thus supporting a more efficient development of new protocols in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Ferro
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy. .,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience and Communication (BNC), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Lamanna
- Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. .,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience and Communication (BNC), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Spadini
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience and Communication (BNC), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Nespoli
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Sulpizio
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Malgaroli
- Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. .,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience and Communication (BNC), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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8
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Clinical and Imaging Study of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Morphine Dependence Through mGluR5/TDP43/NR2B Pathway. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:6733963. [PMID: 34721826 PMCID: PMC8550831 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6733963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Morphine is tolerable after long-term use. After long-term use, it will have a great impact on the human body, and the treatment effect is not good. In recent years, the continuous development of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment technology has made a treatment. Drug-resistant morphine dependence has a breakthrough. In this article, to study the effect of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of morphine dependence through mGluR5/TDP43/NR2B pathway, experiments were carried out on rats to compare the changes in the images of rats after different periods of morphine use and their effects on morphine withdrawal. During the period, the performance of rats provides a reference for repeated transcranial stimulation to treat morphine dependence. According to the experimental results, after stopping morphine, withdrawal from the rats, irritable acts, and patience diminished. This is a decrease of more than 50% in comparison with the one of the normal group. There was a different degree of variability in the treatment images of mGluR5/TDP43 and so on after rTMS treatment, and the changes were large. These reductions in detoxification responses in rodents suggest that rTMS serves an instrumental role in the prevention and treatment of phosphorylation related to morphine dependence.
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9
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Wolf VL, Ergul A. Progress and challenges in preclinical stroke recovery research. Brain Circ 2021; 7:230-240. [PMID: 35071838 PMCID: PMC8757504 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_33_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant innovations in the management of acute ischemic stroke have led to an increased incidence in the long-term complications of stroke. Therefore, there is an urgent need for improvements in and refinement of rehabilitation interventions that can lead to functional and neuropsychological recovery. The goal of this review is to summarize the current progress and challenges involved with preclinical stroke recovery research. Moving forward, stroke recovery research should be placing an increased emphasis on the incorporation of comorbid diseases and biological variables in preclinical models in order to overcome translational roadblocks to establishing successful clinical rehabilitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Lea Wolf
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Adviye Ergul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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10
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Zimdahl JW, Thomas H, Bolland SJ, Leggett K, Barry KM, Rodger J, Mulders WHAM. Excitatory Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Prefrontal Cortex in a Guinea Pig Model Ameliorates Tinnitus. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:693935. [PMID: 34366777 PMCID: PMC8339289 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.693935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus, a phantom auditory perception that can seriously affect quality of life, is generally triggered by cochlear trauma and associated with aberrant activity throughout the auditory pathways, often referred to as hyperactivity. Studies suggest that non-auditory structures, such as prefrontal cortex (PFC), may be involved in tinnitus generation, by affecting sensory gating in auditory thalamus, allowing hyperactivity to reach the cortex and lead to perception. Indeed, human studies have shown that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of PFC can alleviate tinnitus. The current study investigated whether this therapeutic effect is achieved through inhibition of thalamic hyperactivity, comparing effects of two common clinical rTMS protocols with sham treatment, in a guinea pig tinnitus model. Animals underwent acoustic trauma and once tinnitus developed were treated with either intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), 20 Hz rTMS, or sham rTMS (10 days, 10 min/day; weekdays only). Tinnitus was reassessed and extracellular recordings of spontaneous tonic and burst firing rates in auditory thalamus made. To verify effects in PFC, densities of neurons positive for calcium-binding proteins, calbindin and parvalbumin, were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Both rTMS protocols significantly reduced tinnitus compared to sham. However, spontaneous tonic firing decreased following 20 Hz stimulation and increased following iTBS in auditory thalamus. Burst rate was significantly different between 20 Hz and iTBS stimulation, and burst duration was increased only after 20 Hz treatment. Density of calbindin, but not parvalbumin positive neurons, was significantly increased in the most dorsal region of PFC indicating that rTMS directly affected PFC. Our results support the involvement of PFC in tinnitus modulation, and the therapeutic benefit of rTMS on PFC in treating tinnitus, but indicate this is not achieved solely by suppression of thalamic hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack W Zimdahl
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Harrison Thomas
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Samuel J Bolland
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Kerry Leggett
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Kristin M Barry
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, Crawley, WA, Australia
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11
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Charles James J, Funke K. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reverses reduced excitability of rat visual cortex induced by dark rearing during early critical period. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:399-410. [PMID: 33006265 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Early critical period of visual cortex is characterized by enhanced activity-driven neuronal plasticity establishing the specificity of neuronal connections required for optimal processing of sensory signals. Deprivation from visual input by dark rearing (DR) during this period leads to a lasting impairment of visual performance. Previously, we demonstrated that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied with intermittent theta-burst (iTBS) pattern during the critical period improved the visual performance of the DR rats. In this study, we describe that the excitability of the binocular part of the visual cortex (V1b), as measured in acute brain slices by input-output ratios of field excitatory synaptic potentials (fEPSPs), is lowered in DR rats compared to normal controls. Verum rTMS applied with the iTBS pattern during DR reversed this DR effect, while no rTMS effect was evident in the non-DR (nDR) rats. In addition, verum rTMS reduced the number of neurons expressing the 67 kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67), the calcium-binding protein calbindin (CB) and the zinc-finger transcription factor zif268/EGR1, as determined via immunohistochemistry, only in DR rats but not in nDR rats. Moreover, rTMS reduced the number of neurons expressing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) only in nDR rats which showed more PV+ neurons compared to DR rats. This study confirms that iTBS-rTMS may be able to prevent or reverse the effects of DR on visual cortex physiology, likely through a modulation of the activity of inhibitory interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus Funke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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12
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Shang Y, Wang X, Li F, Yin T, Zhang J, Zhang T. rTMS Ameliorates Prenatal Stress-Induced Cognitive Deficits in Male-Offspring Rats Associated With BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2019; 33:271-283. [PMID: 30979358 DOI: 10.1177/1545968319834898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidences suggest that brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (BDNF/TrkB) plays a key role in the regulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in a prenatal stress (PNS) rat model. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is currently being acknowledged to affect attention and memory in both preclinical and clinical studies, although the mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to explore whether a whole brain rTMS (5 Hz, 14 days) could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction-induced PNS in male offspring, and examine if the positive effect of rTMS was associated with the BDNF/TrkB signaling in the hippocampus. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: CON, PNS, PNS + rTMS, PNS + rTMS + DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), and PNS + rTMS + K252a. Spatial cognition was evaluated by using Morris water maze test. Following behavioral assessment, both paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation were recorded from Schaffer collaterals to CA1 region in the hippocampus. Synaptic, apoptotic, and BDNF/TrkB signaling proteins were measured by Western blot. RESULTS PNS-exposed offspring exhibited cognitive deficits, long-term potentiation inhibition in the hippocampus, the decrease of synaptic and BDNF/TrkB signaling proteins expression, apoptosis, and reduced number of cells in the CA1 region. Five-hertz rTMS significantly alleviated the PNS-induced abnormalities. However, the effect of rTMS was antagonized by intracerebroventricular infusion of K252a (a TrkB inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that 5-Hz rTMS significantly improves the impairment of spatial cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity, which is possibly associated with the activation of BDNF/TrkB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Shang
- 1 Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- 2 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangjuan Li
- 1 Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yin
- 2 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhai Zhang
- 3 Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- 1 Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Kloosterboer E, Funke K. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation recovers cortical map plasticity induced by sensory deprivation due to deafferentiation. J Physiol 2019; 597:4025-4051. [PMID: 31145483 PMCID: PMC6852264 DOI: 10.1113/jp277507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Partial sensory deprivation (deafferentation) by removing whiskers from the rat snout resulted in a reduced responsiveness of related cortical representations. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (three blocks of intermittent theta-burst) applied for 5 days in combination with sensory exploration restored the normal responsiveness level of the deafferented barrel cortex. However, intracortical inhibition (lateral and recurrent) appeared to be reduced after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, probably as the cause of improved responsiveness. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation also reduced the asymmetry of the lateral spread of sensory activity. ABSTRACT Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulates human cortical excitability. It has the potential to support recovery to normal cortical function when the excitation-inhibition balance is altered (e.g. after a stroke or loss of sensory input). We tested cortical map plasticity on the basis of sensory responses (local field potentials, LFPs) and expression of neuronal activity marker proteins within the barrel cortex of rats receiving either active or sham rTMS after selective unilateral deafferentation by whiskers plucking. Rats received daily rTMS [intermittent theta-burst (iTBS), active or sham] for 5 days before exploring an enriched environment. Our previous studies indicated a disinhibitory effect of iTBS on cortical activity. Therefore, we also expected disinhibitory effects if deafferentation causes depression of sensory responses. Deafferentation resulted in an acute general reduction of sensory responsiveness and enhanced expression of inhibitory activity markers (GAD67, parvalbumin) in the deafferented hemisphere. Active but not sham-iTBS-rTMS normalized these measures. The stronger caudal-to-frontal horizontal spread of activity across barrels was reduced after deafferentation but not restored after active iTBS, despite generally increased responses. Fitting the LFP data with a computational model of different strengths and types of excitatory and inhibitory connections further revealed an iTBS-induced reduction of lateral and recurrent inhibition as the most probable scenario. Whether the disinhibitory effect of iTBS for the restoration of normal cortical function in the acute phase of depression after deafferentiation is also beneficial in humans remains to be demonstrated. As recently discussed, disinhibition appears to be required to open a window for neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Kloosterboer
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Klaus Funke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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14
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Cullen CL, Senesi M, Tang AD, Clutterbuck MT, Auderset L, O'Rourke ME, Rodger J, Young KM. Low-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes the survival and maturation of newborn oligodendrocytes in the adult mouse brain. Glia 2019; 67:1462-1477. [PMID: 30989733 PMCID: PMC6790715 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal activity is a potent extrinsic regulator of oligodendrocyte generation and central nervous system myelination. Clinically, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is delivered to noninvasively modulate neuronal activity; however, the ability of rTMS to facilitate adaptive myelination has not been explored. By performing cre‐lox lineage tracing, to follow the fate of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the adult mouse brain, we determined that low intensity rTMS (LI‐rTMS), administered as an intermittent theta burst stimulation, but not as a continuous theta burst or 10 Hz stimulation, increased the number of newborn oligodendrocytes in the adult mouse cortex. LI‐rTMS did not alter oligodendrogenesis per se, but instead increased cell survival and enhanced myelination. These data suggest that LI‐rTMS can be used to noninvasively promote myelin addition to the brain, which has potential implications for the treatment of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlie L Cullen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Matteo Senesi
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alexander D Tang
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Loic Auderset
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Megan E O'Rourke
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Brain Plasticity Lab, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kaylene M Young
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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15
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rTMS pre-treatment effectively protects against cognitive and synaptic plasticity impairments induced by simulated microgravity in mice. Behav Brain Res 2019; 359:639-647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Low-intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over prefrontal cortex in an animal model alters activity in the auditory thalamus but does not affect behavioural measures of tinnitus. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:883-896. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-05468-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Protein kinase Mζ in medial prefrontal cortex mediates depressive-like behavior and antidepressant response. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1878-1891. [PMID: 29180675 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal atrophy and alterations of synaptic structure and function in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of depression, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ), a brain-specific atypical protein kinase C isoform, is important for maintaining long-term potentiation and storing memory. In the present study, we explored the role of PKMζ in mPFC in two rat models of depression, chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) and learned helplessness. The involvement of PKMζ in the antidepressant effects of conventional antidepressants and ketamine were also investigated. We found that chronic stress decreased the expression of PKMζ in the mPFC and hippocampus but not in the orbitofrontal cortex. Overexpression of PKMζ in mPFC prevented the depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors induced by CUS, and reversed helplessness behaviors. Inhibition of PKMζ in mPFC by expressing a PKMζ dominant-negative mutant induced depressive-like behaviors after subthreshold unpredictable stress and increased learned helplessness behavior. Furthermore, stress-induced deficits in synaptic proteins and decreases in dendritic density and the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents in the mPFC were prevented by PKMζ overexpression and potentiated by PKMζ inhibition in subthreshold stress rats. The antidepressants fluoxetine, desipramine and ketamine increased PKMζ expression in mPFC and PKMζ mediated the antidepressant effects of ketamine. These findings identify PKMζ in mPFC as a critical mediator of depressive-like behavior and antidepressant response, providing a potential therapeutic target in developing novel antidepressants.
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18
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Makowiecki K, Garrett A, Harvey AR, Rodger J. Low-intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation requires concurrent visual system activity to modulate visual evoked potentials in adult mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5792. [PMID: 29643395 PMCID: PMC5895738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) is an increasingly popular method to non-invasively modulate cortical excitability in research and clinical settings. During rTMS, low-intensity magnetic fields reach areas perifocal to the target brain region, however, effects of these low-intensity (LI-) fields and how they interact with ongoing neural activity remains poorly defined. We evaluated whether coordinated neural activity during electromagnetic stimulation alters LI-rTMS effects on cortical excitability by comparing visually evoked potentials (VEP) and densities of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) GABAergic interneurons in adult mouse visual cortex after LI-rTMS under different conditions: LI-rTMS applied during visually evoked (strong, coordinated) activity or in darkness (weak, spontaneous activity).We also compared response to LI-rTMS in wildtype and ephrin-A2A5−/− mice, which have visuotopic anomalies thought to disrupt coherence of visually-evoked cortical activity. Demonstrating that LI-rTMS effects in V1 require concurrent sensory-evoked activity, LI-rTMS delivered during visually-evoked activity increased PV+ immunoreactivity in both genotypes; however, VEP peak amplitudes changed only in wildtypes, consistent with intracortical disinhibition. We show, for the first time, that neural activity and the degree of coordination in cortical population activity interact with LI-rTMS to alter excitability in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Makowiecki
- Experimental and Regenerative Neuroscience, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia. .,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia. .,Department of Systems Neuroscience, JFB, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Andrew Garrett
- Experimental and Regenerative Neuroscience, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Alan R Harvey
- Experimental and Regenerative Neuroscience, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- Experimental and Regenerative Neuroscience, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia
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19
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Tang AD, Bennett W, Hadrill C, Collins J, Fulopova B, Wills K, Bindoff A, Puri R, Garry MI, Hinder MR, Summers JJ, Rodger J, Canty AJ. Low intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates skilled motor learning in adult mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4016. [PMID: 29507375 PMCID: PMC5838100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is commonly used to modulate cortical plasticity in clinical and non-clinical populations. Clinically, rTMS is delivered to targeted regions of the cortex at high intensities (>1 T). We have previously shown that even at low intensities, rTMS induces structural and molecular plasticity in the rodent cortex. To determine whether low intensity rTMS (LI-rTMS) alters behavioural performance, daily intermittent theta burst LI-rTMS (120 mT) or sham was delivered as a priming or consolidating stimulus to mice completing 10 consecutive days of skilled reaching training. Relative to sham, priming LI-rTMS (before each training session), increased skill accuracy (~9%) but did not alter the rate of learning over time. In contrast, consolidating LI-rTMS (after each training session), resulted in a small increase in the rate of learning (an additional ~1.6% each day) but did not alter the daily skill accuracy. Changes in behaviour with LI-rTMS were not accompanied with long lasting changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression or in the expression of plasticity markers at excitatory and inhibitory synapses for either priming or consolidation groups. These results suggest that LI-rTMS can alter specific aspects of skilled motor learning in a manner dependent on the timing of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Tang
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. .,Neuronal Rhythms in Movement Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - William Bennett
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
| | - Claire Hadrill
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jessica Collins
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Barbora Fulopova
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Karen Wills
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Aidan Bindoff
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Rohan Puri
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Michael I Garry
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Mark R Hinder
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jeffery J Summers
- Human Motor Control Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Alison J Canty
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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20
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Schulze L, Remington G, Giacobbe P, Kennedy SH, Blumberger DM, Daskalakis ZJ, Downar J. Effect of antipsychotic pharmacotherapy on clinical outcomes of intermittent theta-burst stimulation for refractory depression. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:312-319. [PMID: 27852961 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116675516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Theta-burst stimulation is an emerging protocol for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation that takes 1-3 min to administer, yet offers equal/superior potency to conventional protocols lasting 30-60 min. However, preclinical evidence suggests that D2 receptor blockade may abolish the acute effects of theta-burst stimulation on synaptic facilitation or inhibition. As many patients presenting for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation are taking antipsychotic medications as augmentation for treatment-resistant depression, this finding is potentially concerning for the implementation of theta-burst stimulation in clinical settings. Here, we examined whether treatment-resistant depression patients taking antipsychotics have worse outcomes after a course of intermittent theta-burst stimulation. A chart review identified 105 treatment-resistant depression patients who underwent dorsomedial prefrontal-intermittent theta-burst stimulation; clinical outcomes on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were compared for those taking and not taking antipsychotics. The 29 of 105 patients who were taking antipsychotics showed non-significantly better response and remission rates, and non-significantly larger percentage improvements on both scales, with a positive but non-significant correlation between higher antipsychotic dose and larger percentage improvement. Contrary to expectations, outcomes were not significantly worse, and in some analyses trended towards being better, in patients taking antipsychotics. Future randomized controlled studies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with standardized dopaminergic manipulations may be justified and warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schulze
- 1 MRI-Guided rTMS Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Canada.,2 Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- 2 Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.,4 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Canada.,5 Department of Psychological Clinical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Giacobbe
- 1 MRI-Guided rTMS Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- 2 Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.,6 Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.,7 Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute and Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- 2 Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.,7 Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute and Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada
| | - Jonathan Downar
- 1 MRI-Guided rTMS Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Canada.,2 Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.,6 Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada
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21
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Cirillo G, Di Pino G, Capone F, Ranieri F, Florio L, Todisco V, Tedeschi G, Funke K, Di Lazzaro V. Neurobiological after-effects of non-invasive brain stimulation. Brain Stimul 2017; 10:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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22
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Shang Y, Wang X, Shang X, Zhang H, Liu Z, Yin T, Zhang T. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation effectively facilitates spatial cognition and synaptic plasticity associated with increasing the levels of BDNF and synaptic proteins in Wistar rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 134 Pt B:369-78. [PMID: 27555233 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive technique, by which cognitive deficits can be alleviated. Furthermore, rTMS may facilitate learning and memory. However, its underlying mechanism is still little known. The aim of this study was to investigate if the facilitation of spatial cognition and synaptic plasticity, induced by rTMS, is regulated by enhancing pre- and postsynaptic proteins in normal rats. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to examine the spatial cognition. The synaptic plasticity, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and depotentiation (DEP), presynaptic plasticity paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), from the hippocampal Schaffer collaterals to CA1 region was subsequently measured using in vivo electrophysiological techniques. The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), presynaptic protein synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic protein NR2B were measured by Western blot. Our data show that the spatial learning/memory and reversal learning/memory in rTMS rats were remarkably enhanced compared to that in the Sham group. Furthermore, LTP and DEP as well as PPF were effectively facilitated by 5Hz-rTMS. Additionally, the expressions of BDNF, SYP and NR2B were significantly increased via magnetic stimulation. The results suggest that rTMS considerably increases the expressions of BDNF, postsynaptic protein NR2B and presynaptic protein SYP, and thereby significantly enhances the synaptic plasticity and spatial cognition in normal animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Shang
- College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Xueliang Shang
- College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Tao Yin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
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23
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Suppa A, Huang YZ, Funke K, Ridding M, Cheeran B, Di Lazzaro V, Ziemann U, Rothwell J. Ten Years of Theta Burst Stimulation in Humans: Established Knowledge, Unknowns and Prospects. Brain Stimul 2016; 9:323-335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Hoppenrath K, Härtig W, Funke K. Intermittent Theta-Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Alters Electrical Properties of Fast-Spiking Neocortical Interneurons in an Age-Dependent Fashion. Front Neural Circuits 2016; 10:22. [PMID: 27065812 PMCID: PMC4811908 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of human cortical excitability by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) appears to be in part related to changed activity of inhibitory systems. Our own studies showed that intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) applied via rTMS to rat cortex primarily affects the parvalbumin-expressing (PV) fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs), evident via a strongly reduced PV expression. We further found the iTBS effect on PV to be age-dependent since no reduction in PV could be induced before the perineuronal nets (PNNs) of FSIs start to grow around postnatal day (PD) 30. To elucidate possible iTBS-induced changes in the electrical properties of FSIs and cortical network activity during cortical critical period, we performed ex vivo-in vitro whole-cell patch clamp recordings from pre-labeled FSIs in the current study. FSIs of verum iTBS-treated rats displayed a higher excitability than sham-treated controls at PD29-38, evident as higher rates of induced action potential firing at low current injections (100-200 pA) and a more depolarized resting membrane potential. This effect was absent in younger (PD26-28) and older animals (PD40-62). Slices of verum iTBS-treated rats further showed higher rates of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs). Based on these and previous findings we conclude that FSIs are particularly sensitive to TBS during early cortical development, when FSIs show an activity-driven step of maturation which is paralleled by intense growth of the PNNs and subsequent closure of the cortical critical period. Although to be proven further, rTMS may be a possible early intervention to compensate for hypo-activity related mal-development of cortical neuronal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Hoppenrath
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University BochumBochum, Germany; Rottendorf Pharma GmbHEnnigerloh, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Härtig
- Pathophysiology of Neuroglia, Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Funke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum, Germany
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