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du Plessis M, Seymour CL, Spottiswoode CN, Coetzee A. Artificial nectar feeders reduce sunbird abundance and plant visitation in Cape Fynbos adjacent to suburban areas. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Diuk-Wasser MA, VanAcker MC, Fernandez MP. Impact of Land Use Changes and Habitat Fragmentation on the Eco-epidemiology of Tick-Borne Diseases. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1546-1564. [PMID: 33095859 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of tick-borne diseases has increased in recent decades and accounts for the majority of vector-borne disease cases in temperate areas of Europe, North America, and Asia. This emergence has been attributed to multiple and interactive drivers including changes in climate, land use, abundance of key hosts, and people's behaviors affecting the probability of human exposure to infected ticks. In this forum paper, we focus on how land use changes have shaped the eco-epidemiology of Ixodes scapularis-borne pathogens, in particular the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in the eastern United States. We use this as a model system, addressing other tick-borne disease systems as needed to illustrate patterns or processes. We first examine how land use interacts with abiotic conditions (microclimate) and biotic factors (e.g., host community composition) to influence the enzootic hazard, measured as the density of host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs infected with B. burgdorferi s.s. We then review the evidence of how specific landscape configuration, in particular forest fragmentation, influences the enzootic hazard and disease risk across spatial scales and urbanization levels. We emphasize the need for a dynamic understanding of landscapes based on tick and pathogen host movement and habitat use in relation to human resource provisioning. We propose a coupled natural-human systems framework for tick-borne diseases that accounts for the multiple interactions, nonlinearities and feedbacks in the system and conclude with a call for standardization of methodology and terminology to help integrate studies conducted at multiple scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Diuk-Wasser
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York
| | - Meredith C VanAcker
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York
| | - Maria P Fernandez
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York
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Shutt JD, Trivedi UH, Nicholls JA. Faecal metabarcoding reveals pervasive long-distance impacts of garden bird feeding. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210480. [PMID: 34034514 PMCID: PMC8150026 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementary feeding of wildlife is widespread, being undertaken by more than half of households in many countries. However, the impact that these supplemental resources have is unclear, with impacts largely considered to be restricted to urban ecosystems. We reveal the pervasiveness of supplementary foodstuffs in the diet of a wild bird using metabarcoding of blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) faeces collected in early spring from a 220 km transect in Scotland with a large urbanization gradient. Supplementary foodstuffs were present in the majority of samples, with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) the single commonest (either natural or supplementary) dietary item. Consumption rates exhibited a distance decay from human habitation but remained high at several hundred metres from the nearest household and continued to our study limit of 1.4 km distant. Supplementary food consumption was associated with a near quadrupling of blue tit breeding density and a 5-day advancement of breeding phenology. We show that woodland bird species using supplementary food have increasing UK population trends, while species that do not, and/or are outcompeted by blue tits, are likely to be declining. We suggest that the impacts of supplementary feeding are larger and more spatially extensive than currently appreciated and could be disrupting population and ecosystem dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack D. Shutt
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Urmi H. Trivedi
- Edinburgh Genomics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - James A. Nicholls
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Acton, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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Ossi F, Ranc N, Moorcroft P, Bonanni P, Cagnacci F. Ecological and Behavioral Drivers of Supplemental Feeding Use by Roe Deer Capreolus capreolus in a Peri-Urban Context. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E2088. [PMID: 33182794 PMCID: PMC7698021 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Winter supplemental feeding of ungulates potentially alters their use of resources and ecological interactions, yet relatively little is known about the patterns of feeding sites use by target populations. We used camera traps to continuously monitor winter and spring feeding site use in a roe deer population living in a peri-urban area in Northern Italy. We combined circular statistics with generalized additive and linear mixed models to analyze the diel and seasonal pattern of roe deer visits to feeding sites, and the behavioral drivers influencing visit duration. Roe deer visits peaked at dawn and dusk, and decreased from winter to spring when vegetation regrows and temperature increases. Roe deer mostly visited feeding sites solitarily; when this was not the case, they stayed longer at the site, especially when conspecifics were eating, but maintained a bimodal diel pattern of visits. These results support an opportunistic use of feeding sites, following seasonal cycles and the roe deer circadian clock. Yet, the attractiveness of these artificial resources has the potential to alter intra-specific relationships, as competition for their use induces gatherings and may extend the contact time between individuals, with potential behavioral and epidemiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ossi
- Centro Agricoltura Alimenti Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Trento, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Nathan Ranc
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Paul Moorcroft
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Priscilla Bonanni
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
- Department of Animal and Human Biology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cagnacci
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
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Hansen CP, Parsons AW, Kays R, Millspaugh JJ. Does Use of Backyard Resources Explain the Abundance of Urban Wildlife? Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.570771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shields T, Currylow A, Hanley B, Boland S, Boarman W, Vaughn M. Novel management tools for subsidized avian predators and a case study in the conservation of a threatened species. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Currylow
- ACEcological Research & Consulting Atascadero California 93422 USA
- Integrative & Evolutionary Biology University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA
| | | | | | | | - Mercy Vaughn
- Sundance Biology Inc. Paso Robles California 93446 USA
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Dayer AA, Rosenblatt C, Bonter DN, Faulkner H, Hall RJ, Hochachka WM, Phillips TB, Hawley DM. Observations at backyard bird feeders influence the emotions and actions of people that feed birds. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A. Dayer
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia
| | - Connor Rosenblatt
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia
| | | | | | - Richard J. Hall
- Odum School of Ecology and Department of Infectious Diseases College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia Athens Georgia
| | | | | | - Dana M. Hawley
- Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia
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Baverstock S, Weston MA, Miller KK. A global paucity of wild bird feeding policy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:105-111. [PMID: 30408658 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Feeding wild birds is a common and popular human-wildlife interaction throughout the world. However, controversy exists over the benefits and costs to the birds and humans involved. This bibliometric study documents wild bird feeding policies around the globe and examines environmental and socio-cultural factors which may influence the position adopted by these policies. We located 412 policies from 237 different countries, territories or dependencies (jurisdictions); 58.7% of jurisdictions had no information available online regarding wild bird feeding policy. Generalized Linear Modelling revealed that colder minimum ambient temperatures were associated with more pro-feeding policy settings. An index of controversy was calculated for each jurisdiction; most (77.6%) had no controversy. This study highlights the significant variation in policy settings for wild bird feeding across jurisdictions and controversy in almost a quarter of jurisdictions. Recommendations are made for the development of clear, consistent and readily available policy advice on this globally popular human-wildlife interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinéad Baverstock
- Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and the Built Environment, 221 Burwood Hwy, Geelong, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Michael A Weston
- Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and the Built Environment, 221 Burwood Hwy, Geelong, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Kelly K Miller
- Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and the Built Environment, 221 Burwood Hwy, Geelong, Victoria 3125, Australia.
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