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Wayda-Zalewska M, Grzegorzewski P, Kot E, Skimina E, Santangelo PS, Kucharska K. Emotion Dynamics and Emotion Regulation in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13659. [PMID: 36294238 PMCID: PMC9603728 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Altered emotion dynamics and emotion regulation (ER) have been indicated in theoretical descriptions of abnormal emotional functioning, which contributes to the development and maintenance of anorexia nervosa (AN). Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has recently become popular in research on eating disorders. It is a source of new insights into the psychopathology of AN as it enables intensive long-term tracking of everyday experiences and behaviours of individuals through repeated self-reports. The following systematic review aims to synthesize research on the use of EMA when evaluating emotion dynamics and ER in AN. Specific studies were identified with the use of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases. A supplemental search was performed in reference lists of the relevant publications. As a result, 27 publications were identified and included in the systematic review. The findings from the reviewed studies point to various disturbed components of emotion dynamics as well as to unique associations of maladaptive ER strategies with specific abnormalities in emotion dynamics in AN. Limitations of the studies were discussed as well. An outlook for further research in the field was provided in the last section of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Grzegorzewski
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Kot
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00183 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Skimina
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01938 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kucharska
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01938 Warsaw, Poland
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Kaden SJ, Dalton ED. Momentary fluctuations in emotional intelligence and stress predict changes in disordered eating. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36170498 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2122724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Low emotional intelligence and symptoms of disordered eating are connected, however, whether daily fluctuations in emotional intelligence predict daily changes in disordered eating symptoms has not been examined, nor has stress been explored as a potential moderator of this relationship. Participants: Participants were undergraduate students (n = 100). Methods: Participants completed baseline questionnaires, then responded to random ecological momentary assessment prompts 3 times daily for 2 weeks. Results: Results indicated that when individuals had higher momentary emotional intelligence, they had lower disordered eating at the same time point (within subjects estimate = -0.30, p < .001) and following time point (within subjects estimate = -0.08, p = 0.03). Momentary stress moderated the relationship between baseline emotional intelligence and momentary disordered eating (b = -0.02, p < .01). Conclusions: Changes in emotional intelligence predict day-to-day changes in disordered eating, and stress moderates the connection between emotional intelligence and disordered eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Kaden
- Elizabethtown College, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, USA
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
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Christensen KA, Forbush KT, Cushing CC, Lejuez CW, Fleming KK, Swinburne Romine RE. Evaluating associations between fitspiration and thinspiration content on Instagram and disordered-eating behaviors using ecological momentary assessment: A registered report. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:1307-1315. [PMID: 33836098 PMCID: PMC9434495 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Greater use of appearance-focused social media, such as Instagram, is associated with increased body dissatisfaction and eating disorder (ED) symptoms; however, questions remain about the mechanism connecting social media use to disordered-eating behaviors (DEBs). The proposed study evaluates how and for whom exposure to fitspiration or thinspiration on Instagram is associated with DEBs. METHODS We will evaluate a hypothesized pathway from Instagram use to disordered-eating mediated by negative affect. We will test how individual differences in internalized weight stigma, trait self-esteem, and trait self-comparison moderate the pathway from social media use to negative affect. We will recruit 175 undergraduate women who report engaging in DEBs on average at least once per week over the past 3 months. Participants will complete a 7-day ecological momentary assessment protocol, during which they will report their Instagram use, affect, and engagement in DEBs. RESULTS Multi-level modeling will be used to assess moderated mediation. Results from this study will provide increased specificity about how Instagram usage is linked to eating pathology and who may be most vulnerable to experiencing distress. DISCUSSION Information about negative affect from Instagram and engagement in DEBs could contribute to the development of Just-In-Time Interventions for problematic social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsie T. Forbush
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - Christopher C. Cushing
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA,Department of Applied Behavioral Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - Carl W. Lejuez
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA
| | - Kandace K. Fleming
- Research Design and Analysis Unit, Lifespan Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
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Muehlenkamp JJ, Suzuki T, Brausch AM, Peyerl N. Behavioral functions underlying NSSI and eating disorder behaviors. J Clin Psychol 2019; 75:1219-1232. [PMID: 30672588 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takakuni Suzuki
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson Mississippi
- Department of Psychological SciencesPurdue University Indiana
| | - Amy M. Brausch
- Department of Psychological ScienceWestern Kentucky UniversityBowling Green Kentucky
| | - Naomi Peyerl
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of North DakotaGrand Forks North Dakota
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Engel SG, Crosby RD, Thomas G, Bond D, Lavender JM, Mason T, Steffen KJ, Green DD, Wonderlich SA. Ecological Momentary Assessment in Eating Disorder and Obesity Research: a Review of the Recent Literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016; 18:37. [PMID: 26893235 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-016-0672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Our current understanding of the etiology and maintenance of eating disorders and obesity continues to be far from complete. Similarly, our understanding of determinants of both successful and unsuccessful weight loss surgery is also quite limited. While a number of research methodologies have been applied to these areas, one methodology that has recently seen a rise in popularity is the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA). EMA allows one to study a variety of variables of interest in the natural environment. The study of eating disorders, obesity, and bariatric surgery has all been conducted using EMA recently. The current study is a review of these areas and summarizes the recent literature (past 3 years) in eating disorders, obesity, and bariatric surgery using EMA methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott G Engel
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA. .,University of North Dakota School of Medicine, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,University of North Dakota School of Medicine, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Graham Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Alpert Medical School/The Miriam Hospital, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Dale Bond
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Alpert Medical School/The Miriam Hospital, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Tyler Mason
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Kristine J Steffen
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,School of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Dan D Green
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Stephen A Wonderlich
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,University of North Dakota School of Medicine, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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Merwin RM, Dmitrieva NO, Honeycutt LK, Moskovich AA, Lane JD, Zucker NL, Surwit RS, Feinglos M, Kuo J. Momentary Predictors of Insulin Restriction Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Eating Disorder Symptomatology. Diabetes Care 2015; 38:2025-32. [PMID: 26384389 PMCID: PMC4876774 DOI: 10.2337/dc15-0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with type 1 diabetes who restrict insulin to control weight are at high risk for diabetes-related complications and premature death. However, little is known about this behavior or how to effectively intervene. The aim of the current study was to identify predictors of insulin restriction in the natural environment that might inform new treatment directions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eighty-three adults with type 1 diabetes and a range of eating disorder symptomatology completed 3 days of ecological momentary assessment. Participants reported emotions, eating, and insulin dosing throughout the day using their cellular telephone. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the effects of heightened negative affect (e.g., anxiety) before eating and characteristics of the eating episode (e.g., eating a large amount of food) on the risk of insulin restriction. RESULTS Individuals who reported greater-than-average negative affect (general negative affect and negative affect specifically about diabetes) during the study period were more likely to restrict insulin. Momentary increases in anxiety/nervousness and guilt/disgust with self before eating (relative to an individual's typical level) further increased the odds of restricting insulin at the upcoming meal. Insulin restriction was more likely when individuals reported that they broke a dietary rule (e.g., "no desserts"). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that insulin restriction might be decreased by helping patients with type 1 diabetes respond effectively to heightened negative affect (e.g., anxiety, guilt) and encouraging patients to take a less rigid, punitive approach to diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nancy L Zucker
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Richard S Surwit
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC Duke University, Durham, NC
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