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Nielsen ES, Walkes S, Sones JL, Fenberg PB, Paz-García DA, Cameron BB, Grosberg RK, Sanford E, Bay RA. Pushed waves, trailing edges, and extreme events: Eco-evolutionary dynamics of a geographic range shift in the owl limpet, Lottia gigantea. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17414. [PMID: 39044553 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
As climatic variation re-shapes global biodiversity, understanding eco-evolutionary feedbacks during species range shifts is of increasing importance. Theory on range expansions distinguishes between two different forms: "pulled" and "pushed" waves. Pulled waves occur when the source of the expansion comes from low-density peripheral populations, while pushed waves occur when recruitment to the expanding edge is supplied by high-density populations closer to the species' core. How extreme events shape pushed/pulled wave expansion events, as well as trailing-edge declines/contractions, remains largely unexplored. We examined eco-evolutionary responses of a marine invertebrate (the owl limpet, Lottia gigantea) that increased in abundance during the 2014-2016 marine heatwaves near the poleward edge of its geographic range in the northeastern Pacific. We used whole-genome sequencing from 19 populations across >11 degrees of latitude to characterize genomic variation, gene flow, and demographic histories across the species' range. We estimated present-day dispersal potential and past climatic stability to identify how contemporary and historical seascape features shape genomic characteristics. Consistent with expectations of a pushed wave, we found little genomic differentiation between core and leading-edge populations, and higher genomic diversity at range edges. A large and well-mixed population in the northern edge of the species' range is likely a result of ocean current anomalies increasing larval settlement and high-dispersal potential across biogeographic boundaries. Trailing-edge populations have higher differentiation from core populations, possibly driven by local selection and limited gene flow, as well as high genomic diversity likely as a result of climatic stability during the Last Glacial Maximum. Our findings suggest that extreme events can drive poleward range expansions that carry the adaptive potential of core populations, while also cautioning that trailing-edge extirpations may threaten unique evolutionary variation. This work highlights the importance of understanding how both trailing and leading edges respond to global change and extreme events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica S Nielsen
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Samuel Walkes
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline L Sones
- Bodega Marine Reserve, University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, California, USA
| | - Phillip B Fenberg
- School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - David A Paz-García
- Laboratorio de Genética para la Conservación, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Brenda B Cameron
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Richard K Grosberg
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Eric Sanford
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, California, USA
| | - Rachael A Bay
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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2
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Zarzyczny KM, Rius M, Williams ST, Fenberg PB. The ecological and evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation. Trends Ecol Evol 2024; 39:267-279. [PMID: 38030539 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Tropicalisation is a marine phenomenon arising from contemporary climate change, and is characterised by the range expansion of tropical/subtropical species and the retraction of temperate species. Tropicalisation occurs globally and can be detected in both tropical/temperate transition zones and temperate regions. The ecological consequences of tropicalisation range from single-species impacts (e.g., altered behaviour) to whole ecosystem changes (e.g., phase shifts in intertidal and subtidal habitats). Our understanding of the evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation is limited, but emerging evidence suggests that tropicalisation could induce phenotypic change as well as shifts in the genotypic composition of both expanding and retracting species. Given the rapid rate of contemporary climate change, research on tropicalisation focusing on shifts in ecosystem functioning, biodiversity change, and socioeconomic impacts is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina M Zarzyczny
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK; Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
| | - Marc Rius
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Accés a la Cala Sant Francesc 14, Blanes 17300, Spain; Department of Zoology, Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Phillip B Fenberg
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK; Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
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3
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Giakoumis M, Pinilla-Buitrago GE, Musher LJ, Wares JP, Baird SJE, Hickerson MJ. Evidence of introgression, ecological divergence and adaptation in Asterias sea stars. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:5541-5557. [PMID: 37691604 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid zones are important windows into the evolutionary dynamics of populations, revealing how processes like introgression and adaptation structure population genomic variation. Importantly, they are useful for understanding speciation and how species respond to their environments. Here, we investigate two closely related sea star species, Asterias rubens and A. forbesi, distributed along rocky European and North American coastlines of the North Atlantic, and use genome-wide molecular markers to infer the distribution of genomic variation within and between species in this group. Using genomic data and environmental niche modelling, we document hybridization occurring between northern New England and the southern Canadian Maritimes. We investigate the factors that maintain this hybrid zone, as well as the environmental variables that putatively drive selection within and between species. We find that the two species differ in their environmental niche breadth; Asterias forbesi displays a relatively narrow environmental niche while conversely, A. rubens has a wider niche breadth. Species distribution models accurately predict hybrids to occur within environmental niche overlap, thereby suggesting environmental selection plays an important role in the maintenance of the hybrid zone. Our results imply that the distribution of genomic variation in North Atlantic sea stars is influenced by the environment, which will be crucial to consider as the climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Giakoumis
- The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York City, USA
- The City College of New York, New York, New York City, USA
- The American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York City, USA
| | - Gonzalo E Pinilla-Buitrago
- The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York City, USA
- The City College of New York, New York, New York City, USA
| | - Lukas J Musher
- The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - John P Wares
- Odum School of Ecology and Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA
| | - Stuart J E Baird
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Michael J Hickerson
- The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York City, USA
- The City College of New York, New York, New York City, USA
- The American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York City, USA
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4
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Narváez-Barandica JC, Quintero-Galvis JF, Aguirre-Pabón JC, Castro LR, Betancur R, Acero Pizarro A. A Comparative Phylogeography of Three Marine Species with Different PLD Modes Reveals Two Genetic Breaks across the Southern Caribbean Sea. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2528. [PMID: 37570336 PMCID: PMC10417521 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The comparative phylogeography of marine species with contrasting dispersal potential across the southern Caribbean Sea was evaluated by the presence of two putative barriers: the Magdalena River plume (MRP) and the combination of the absence of a rocky bottom and the almost permanent upwelling in the La Guajira Peninsula (ARB + PUG). Three species with varying biological and ecological characteristics (i.e., dispersal potentials) that inhabit shallow rocky bottoms were selected: Cittarium pica (PLD < 6 days), Acanthemblemaria rivasi (PLD < 22 days), and Nerita tessellata (PLD > 60 days). We generated a set of SNPs for the three species using the ddRad-seq technique. Samples of each species were collected in five locations from Capurganá to La Guajira. For the first time, evidence of a phylogeographic break caused by the MRP is provided, mainly for A. rivasi (AMOVA: ΦCT = 0.420). The ARB + PUG barrier causes another break for A. rivasi (ΦCT = 0.406) and C. pica (ΦCT = 0.224). Three populations (K = 3) were identified for A. rivasi and C. pica, while N. tessellata presented one population (K = 1). The Mantel correlogram indicated that A. rivasi and C. pica fit the hierarchical population model, and only the A. rivasi and C. pica comparisons showed phylogeographic congruence. Our results demonstrate how the biological traits of these three species and the biogeographic barriers have influenced their phylogeographic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Narváez-Barandica
- Centro de Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No 22–08, Santa Marta 470004, Colombia; (J.C.A.-P.); (L.R.C.)
| | - Julián F. Quintero-Galvis
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
| | - Juan Carlos Aguirre-Pabón
- Centro de Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No 22–08, Santa Marta 470004, Colombia; (J.C.A.-P.); (L.R.C.)
| | - Lyda R. Castro
- Centro de Genética y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No 22–08, Santa Marta 470004, Colombia; (J.C.A.-P.); (L.R.C.)
| | - Ricardo Betancur
- Biology Department, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;
| | - Arturo Acero Pizarro
- Instituto de Estudios en Ciencias del Mar (CECIMAR), Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Caribe, Santa Marta 470006, Colombia;
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Dynamic species interactions associated with the range-shifting marine gastropod Mexacanthina lugubris. Oecologia 2022; 198:749-761. [PMID: 35257208 PMCID: PMC8956515 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGlobally, species are undergoing range shifts in response to climate change. However, the potential impacts of climate-driven range shifts are not well understood. In southern California, the predatory whelk Mexacanthina lugubris has undergone a northward range shift of more than 100 km in the past four decades. We traced the history of the whelk’s range shift and assessed potential effects using an integrated approach, consisting of field surveys, as well as feeding and thermotolerance experiments. We found that at sites where Mexacanthina and native species co-occurred, native whelks distributions peaked lower in the intertidal. In laboratory experiments, we found that the presence of Mexacanthina led to reduced growth in native whelks (Acanthinucella spirata). Additionally, the range-shifting whelk was able to tolerate higher temperatures than common native species (A. spirata and Nucella emarginata), suggesting further impacts as a result of climate warming. Many species are likely to undergo range shifts as a coping mechanism for changing climatic conditions. However, communities are unlikely to shift as a whole due to species-specific responses. By studying the impacts of range-shifting species, like Mexacanthina, we can better understand how climate change will alter existing community structure and composition.
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6
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Cornwell BH. Gene flow in the anemone
Anthopleura elegantissima
limits signatures of local adaptation across an extensive geographic range. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:2550-2566. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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7
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Fenberg PB, Rivadeneira MM. On the importance of habitat continuity for delimiting biogeographic regions and shaping richness gradients. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:664-673. [PMID: 30734458 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The formation and maintenance of biogeographic regions and the latitudinal gradient of species richness are thought to be influenced, in part, by the spatial distribution of physical habitat (habitat continuity). But the importance of habitat continuity in relation to other variables for shaping richness gradients and delimiting biogeographic regions has not been well established. Here, we show that habitat continuity is a top predictor of biogeographic structure and the richness gradient of eastern Pacific rocky shore gastropods (spanning c. 23 000 km, from 43°S to 48°N). Rocky shore habitat continuity is generally low within tropical/subtropical regions (compared to extratropical regions), but particularly at biogeographic boundaries where steep richness gradients occur. Regions of high rocky shore habitat continuity are located towards the centres of biogeographic regions where species turnover tends to be relatively low. Our study highlights the importance of habitat continuity to help explain patterns and processes shaping the biogeographic organisation of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip B Fenberg
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Marcelo M Rivadeneira
- Laboratorio de Paleobiología, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Av. Bernardo Ossandón 877, C.P. 1781681, Coquimbo, Chile.,Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Av. Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile.,Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile
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8
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Muhs DR, Groves LT. Little Islands Recording Global Events: Late Quaternary Sea Level History and Paleozoogeography of Santa Barbara and Anacapa Islands, Channel Islands National Park, California. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2018. [DOI: 10.3398/064.078.0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Muhs
- U.S. Geological Survey, MS 980, Box 25046, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225
| | - Lindsey T. Groves
- Department of Malacology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007
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9
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Pu C, Li H, Zhu A, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Zhan A. Phylogeography in Nassarius mud snails: Complex patterns in congeneric species. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180728. [PMID: 28704536 PMCID: PMC5507531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One major goal for phylogeographical studies is to elucidate respective roles of multiple evolutionary and ecological forces that shape the current distribution patterns. In marine and coastal ecosystems, it has been generated a common realization that species with enormous population size and pelagic larval stages can disperse across broad geographical scales, leading to weak or even no phylogeographical structure across large geographical scales. However, the violation of such realization has been frequently reported, and it remains largely unexplored on mechanisms responsible for various phylogeographical patterns observed in different species at varied geographical scales. Here, we used a species-rich genus Nassarius to assess and compare phylogeographical patterns in congeneric species, and discuss causes and consequences underlying varied phylogeographical patterns. Interestingly, we observed complex phylogeographical patterns both within single species and across multiple species, and multiple analyses showed varied levels of genetic heterogeneity among sites within and across species. Available evidence suggests that related species with similar biological characteristics may not be necessary to result in consistent phylogeographical patterns. Multiple factors, including larval ecology, interactions between dispersal and natural selection, and human activity-mediated dispersal, can partially explain the complex patterns observed in this study. Deep investigations should be performed on these factors, particularly their respective roles in determining evolutionary/ecological processes to form phylogeographical patterns in species with high dispersal capacities in marine and coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Pu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Li
- South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aijia Zhu
- South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyong Chen
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Aibin Zhan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Barco A, Herbert G, Houart R, Fassio G, Oliverio M. A molecular phylogenetic framework for the subfamily Ocenebrinae (Gastropoda, Muricidae). ZOOL SCR 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barco
- GEOMAR; Helmholz Center for Ocean Research Kiel; Düsternbrooker Weg 20 24105 Kiel Germany
| | - Gregory Herbert
- School of Geosciences; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Ave. 33620 Tampa FL USA
| | - Roland Houart
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Rue Vautier 29 BE-1000 Brussels Belgium
| | - Giulia Fassio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies ‘Charles Darwin’; Sapienza University of Rome; Viale dell'Universitá 32 I-00185 Rome Italy
| | - Marco Oliverio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies ‘Charles Darwin’; Sapienza University of Rome; Viale dell'Universitá 32 I-00185 Rome Italy
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Gámez N, Nihei SS, Scheinvar E, Morrone JJ. A temporally dynamic approach for cladistic biogeography and the processes underlying the biogeographic patterns of North American deserts. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niza Gámez
- Museo de Zoología ‘Alfonso L. Herrera’; Departamento de Biología Evolutiva; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Mexico City Mexico
| | - Silvio S. Nihei
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Cidade Universitária; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Enrique Scheinvar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva; Instituto de Ecología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Mexico City Mexico
| | - Juan J. Morrone
- Museo de Zoología ‘Alfonso L. Herrera’; Departamento de Biología Evolutiva; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Mexico City Mexico
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12
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Pascual M, Palero F, García-Merchán VH, Macpherson E, Robainas-Barcia A, Mestres F, Roda T, Abelló P. Temporal and spatial genetic differentiation in the crab Liocarcinus depurator across the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29892. [PMID: 27431989 PMCID: PMC4949458 DOI: 10.1038/srep29892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial genetic studies often require sampling broadly separated areas, difficult to access simultaneously. Although comparing localities surveyed at different time periods might result in spurious genetic differentiation, there is a general believe on the stability of genetic structure through time, particularly if sampled localities are isolated or very distant. By analysing spatial and temporal genetic differentiation of the portunid crab Liocarcinus depurator we assessed the contribution of historical and contemporary processes on population connectivity patterns across three main oceanographic discontinuities along the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition: Gibraltar Strait, Almeria-Oran Front and Ibiza Channel. A partial fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I gene was sequenced in 366 individuals collected from localities at both sides of each discontinuity during three time periods. Although localities showed genetic fluctuations through time, a significant gradient was detected along the coast for all sampling periods. Significant inter-annual differences identified within the Alicante area, north of the Almeria-Oran Front, were associated with shifts in the relative contribution of Atlantic and Mediterranean water masses. The persistence of a clinal pattern in the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition area together with local fluctuations suggests a complex balance of dispersal and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pascual
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Palero
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Macpherson
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Aymée Robainas-Barcia
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Mestres
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tania Roda
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Abelló
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Laughinghouse HD, Müller KM, Adey WH, Lara Y, Young R, Johnson G. Evolution of the Northern Rockweed, Fucus distichus, in a Regime of Glacial Cycling: Implications for Benthic Algal Phylogenetics. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143795. [PMID: 26630571 PMCID: PMC4668022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Northern hemisphere rockweeds (Fucus) are thought to have evolved in the North Pacific and then spread to the North Atlantic following the opening of the Bering Strait. They have dispersed and widely speciated in the North Atlantic and its tributary seas. Fucus distichus is likely near the ancestral member of this genus, and studies have shown that there are several species/subspecies in this complex (i.e. F. evanescens and F. gardneri). We used phylogenetic and haplotype analyses to test the phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of F. distichus. Our data and subsequent analyses demonstrate that, unlike previous studies that lacked samples from an extensive geographical area of the Arctic and Subarctic, there is a distinct Arctic haplotype that is the source of subspecies in both the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Fucus distichus occupies a low tide zone habitat, and in Arctic/Subarctic regions it is adapted to the severe stress of sea ice coverage and disturbance during many months per year. We hypothesize that the very large geographic area of Arctic and Subarctic rocky shores available to this species during interglacials, supported by large Arctic/Subarctic fringe areas as well as unglaciated refugia during glacial cycles, provided a robust population and gene pool (described by the Thermogeographic Model). This gene pool dilutes that of the more fragmented and area-limited Temperate/Boreal area populations when they are brought together during glacial cycles. We suggest that similar subspecies complexes for a variety of Arctic/Subarctic shore biota should be examined further in this context, rather than arbitrarily being split up into numerous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haywood Dail Laughinghouse
- Department of Botany, MRC-166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013–7012, United States of America
| | - Kirsten M. Müller
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2T 2T4, Canada
| | - Walter H. Adey
- Department of Botany, MRC-166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013–7012, United States of America
| | - Yannick Lara
- Centre for Protein Engineering, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Robert Young
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2T 2T4, Canada
| | - Gabriel Johnson
- Department of Botany and Laboratories of Analytical Biology, Smithsonian Institution Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD 20746 United States of America
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