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Fedosov VE, Shkurko AV, Fedorova AV, Ignatova EA, Solovyeva EN, Brinda JC, Ignatov MS, Kučera J. Need for split: integrative taxonomy reveals unnoticed diversity in the subaquatic species of Pseudohygrohypnum (Pylaisiaceae, Bryophyta). PeerJ 2022; 10:e13260. [PMID: 35497188 PMCID: PMC9053303 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an integrative molecular and morphological study of subaquatic representatives of the genus Pseudohygrohypnum (Pylaisiaceae, Bryophyta), supplemented by distribution modelling of the revealed phylogenetic lineages. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear and plastid datasets combined with the assemble species by automatic partitioning (ASAP) algorithm revealed eight distinct species within the traditionally circumscribed P. eugyrium and P. subeugyrium. These species are therefore yet another example of seemingly widely distributed taxa that harbour molecularly well-differentiated lineages with narrower distribution ranges. Studied accessions that were previously assigned to P. eugyrium form three clearly allopatric lineages, associated with temperate regions of Europe, eastern North America and eastern Asia. Remarkably, accessions falling under the current morphological concept of P. subeugyrium were shown to be even more diverse, containing five phylogenetic lineages. Three of these lineages occur under harsh Asian continental climates from cool-temperate to Arctic regions, while the remaining two, referred to P. subeugyrium s.str. and P. purpurascens, have more oceanic North Atlantic and East Asian distributions. Niche identity and similarity tests suggested no similarity in the distributions of the phylogenetically related lineages but revealed the identity of two East Asian species and the similarity of two pairs of unrelated species. A morphological survey confirmed the distinctness of all eight phylogenetic lineages, requiring the description of five new species. Pseudohygrohypnum appalachianum and P. orientale are described for North American and East Asian plants of P. eugyrium s.l., while P. sibiricum, P. subarcticum and P. neglectum are described for the three continental, predominantly Asian lineages of P. subeugyrium s.l. Our results highlight the importance of nontropical Asia as a center of bryophyte diversity. Phylogenic dating suggests that the diversification of subaquatic Pseudohygrohypnum lineages appeared in late Miocene, while mesophilous species of the genus split before Miocene cooling, in climatic conditions close to those where the ancestor of Pseudohygrohypnum appeared. We speculate that radiation of the P. subeugyrium complex in temperate Asia might have been driven by progressive cooling, aridification, and increases in seasonality, temperature and humidity gradients. Our results parallel those of several integrative taxonomic studies of North Asian mosses, which have resulted in a number of newly revealed species. These include various endemics from continental areas of Asia suggesting that the so-called Rapoport's rule of low diversity and wide distribution range in subpolar regions might not be applicable to bryophytes. Rather, the strong climatic oscillations in these regions may have served as a driving force of speciation and niche divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir E. Fedosov
- Botanical Garden-Institute, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia,Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Elena A. Ignatova
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Michael S. Ignatov
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jan Kučera
- Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Zhu X, Hua L, Fang M, DU Y, Lin C, Lin L, Ji X. Lineage diversification and niche evolution in the Reeves' Butterfly Lizard Leiolepis reevesii (Agamidae). Integr Zool 2020; 16:404-419. [PMID: 33274597 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We used mitochondrial cytochrome b and ND4 genes and 9 microsatellite loci to determine genetic diversity, population structure, evolutionary history, and migration patterns within the Reeves' butterfly lizard Leiolepis reevesii (Agamidae). Considering molecular-based phylogeographical lineages, we then performed niche equivalency and similarity tests between divergent lineages. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data revealed 2 lineages (A and B) diverging ≈0.84 million years ago and, respectively, restricted to the northern and southern portions of the Wuzhishan and Yinggeling mountain ranges. Lineage B contains individuals from southern Hainan; Lineage A includes individuals from all other localities and can be further divided into 3 clusters according to microsatellite data. The null hypothesis that the 2 lineages shared identical niches was rejected in all niche equivalency tests, indicating niche shifts during genetic divergence. Similarity tests provided evidence of niche conservatism, suggesting that the 2 lineages share more characteristics of their niche spaces than randomly expected. The niche similarity and equivalency tests indicated a complex niche pattern in which both lineages share a main portion of their ecological spaces. The climatic niche of Lineage B represented a marginal and specialized fraction of the entire ecological space of the climatic niche of Lineage A, with warmer conditions. Isolation caused by orogenesis and subsequent niche divergence, together with local adaptation, may have led to genetic differentiation and further lineage sorting in L. reevesii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaming Zhu
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Hua
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengchao Fang
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu DU
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Hainan Key Laboratory of Herpetological Research, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Chixian Lin
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Herpetological Research, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Longhui Lin
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Hainan Key Laboratory of Herpetological Research, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, Hainan, China.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Silva JB, Maciel-Silva AS, Santos NDD. The response of the moss Campylopus lamellatus (Leucobryaceae Schimp.) post El Niño: a case study in the Caatinga. RODRIGUÉSIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202071129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are important biological components in arid and semi-arid regions because they can serve as ecological facilitators for the vascular flora. Biocrusts of rocky outcrops of the Caatinga biome in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil are comprised mainly of populations of the pioneer moss Campylopus lamellatus. Meanwhile, the Caatinga is undergoing progressive desertification, which is likely to continue for the next 100 years. Therefore, the physiological responses of C. lamellatus to climate change should be included in predictions regarding the future of the flora of these rocky environments. We evaluated a population of C. lamellatus during a prolonged drought brought about by El Niño, and during the first subsequent rainy season. We used biomass (dry mass) and proportion of chlorophyll as measures of tolerance. We identified decreased investment in biomass allocation and the degradation of photosynthetic pigments during the drought event. In contrast, we observed a rapid increase of chlorophyll during the rainy season, which represents biomass investment via chlorophyll regeneration. We conclude that the resilience of C. lamellatus is rapid, even for a photophilic plant, and should ensure its facilitative function under conditions of water saturation of the environment.
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Moraitis ML, Valavanis VD, Karakassis I. Modelling the effects of climate change on the distribution of benthic indicator species in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 667:16-24. [PMID: 30825817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential effects of climate change on the distribution of benthic species commonly used in marine ecological quality assessment were investigated using a spatial modelling approach. In this work, the relevance of the ecological groups that macrofaunal molluscs are assigned according to their sensitivity or tolerance to environmental disturbance was examined under the scope of the RCP 8.5 severe emissions scenario. The effects of climate change were more profound on species that are indicative of a specific suite of climatic conditions regarding temperature and salinity. Significant loss of habitat suitability was observed for the tolerant species Corbula gibba and Abra prismatica whereas the sensitive species Moerella donacina was least affected. In contrast, an overall expansion of the distributional potential was observed for the sensitive species Flexopecten hyalinus as newly suitable habitats are formed. As hypothesised, the current ecological grouping that depicts the sensitivity of a benthic species to an environmental stressor is irrelevant when assessing the effects of climate change. We propose a new standpoint of using benthic species as biotic tools based on their ecological niche requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manos L Moraitis
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, GR 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Vasilis D Valavanis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, PO Box 2214, GR 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Karakassis
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, GR 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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Żarnowiec J, Stebel A, Chmura D. Thirty-year invasion of the alien moss Campylopus introflexus (Hedw.) Brid. in Poland (East-Central Europe). Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gama R, Aguirre-Gutiérrez J, Stech M. Ecological niche comparison and molecular phylogeny segregate the invasive moss species Campylopus introflexus (Leucobryaceae, Bryophyta) from its closest relatives. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:8017-8031. [PMID: 29043053 PMCID: PMC5632621 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The delimitation of the invasive moss species Campylopus introflexus from its closest relative, Campylopus pilifer, has been long debated based on morphology. Previous molecular phylogenetic reconstructions based on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) 1 and 2 showed that C. pilifer is split into an Old World and a New World lineage, but remained partly inconclusive concerning the relationships between these two clades and C. introflexus. Analyses of an extended ITS dataset displayed statistically supported incongruence between ITS1 and ITS2. ITS1 separates the New World clade of C. pilifer from a clade comprising C. introflexus and the Old World C. pilifer. Ancestral state reconstruction showed that this topology is morphologically supported by differences in the height of the dorsal costal lamellae in leaf cross-section (despite some overlap). ITS2, in contrast, supports the current morphological species concept, i.e., separating C. introflexus from C. pilifer, which is morphologically supported by the orientation of the hyaline hair point at leaf apex as well as costal lamellae height. Re-analysis of published and newly generated plastid atpB-rbcL spacer sequences supported the three ITS lineages. Ecological niche modeling proved a useful approach and showed that all three molecular lineages occupy distinct environmental spaces that are similar, but undoubtedly not equivalent. In line with the ITS1 topology, the C. pilifer lineage from the New World occupies the most distinct environmental niche, whereas the niches of Old World C. pilifer and C. introflexus are very similar. Taking the inferences from ecological niche comparisons, phylogenetics, and morphology together, we conclude that all three molecular lineages represent different taxa that should be recognized as independent species, viz. C. introflexus, C. pilifer (Old World clade), and the reinstated C. lamellatus Mont. (New World clade).
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Gama
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK.,Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Michael Stech
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
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