1
|
Tomowski M, Lozada-Gobilard S, Jeltsch F, Tiedemann R. Recruitment and migration patterns reveal a key role for seed banks in the meta-population dynamics of an aquatic plant. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11269. [PMID: 37438408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive habitat fragmentation threatens plant species with narrow habitat requirements. While local environmental conditions define population growth rates and recruitment success at the patch level, dispersal is critical for population viability at the landscape scale. Identifying the dynamics of plant meta-populations is often confounded by the uncertainty about soil-stored population compartments. We combined a landscape-scale assessment of an amphibious plant's population structure with measurements of dispersal complexity in time to track dispersal and putative shifts in functional connectivity. Using 13 microsatellite markers, we analyzed the genetic structure of extant Oenanthe aquatica populations and their soil seed banks in a kettle hole system to uncover hidden connectivity among populations in time and space. Considerable spatial genetic structure and isolation-by-distance suggest limited gene flow between sites. Spatial isolation and patch size showed minor effects on genetic diversity. Genetic similarity found among extant populations and their seed banks suggests increased local recruitment, despite some evidence of migration and recent colonization. Results indicate stepping-stone dispersal across adjacent populations. Among permanent and ephemeral demes the resulting meta-population demography could be determined by source-sink dynamics. Overall, these spatiotemporal connectivity patterns support mainland-island dynamics in our system, highlighting the importance of persistent seed banks as enduring sources of genetic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxi Tomowski
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Musseau CL, Onandia G, Petermann JS, Sagouis A, Lischeid G, Jeschke JM. Nonlinear effects of environmental drivers shape macroinvertebrate biodiversity in an agricultural pondscape. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9458. [PMID: 36381394 PMCID: PMC9643126 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture is a leading cause of biodiversity loss and significantly impacts freshwater biodiversity through many stressors acting locally and on the landscape scale. The individual effects of these numerous stressors are often difficult to disentangle and quantify, as they might have nonlinear impacts on biodiversity. Within agroecosystems, ponds are biodiversity hotspots providing habitat for many freshwater species and resting or feeding places for terrestrial organisms. Ponds are strongly influenced by their terrestrial surroundings, and understanding the determinants of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes remains difficult but crucial for improving conservation policies and actions. We aimed to identify the main effects of environmental and spatial variables on α‐, β‐, and γ‐diversities of macroinvertebrate communities inhabiting ponds (n = 42) in an agricultural landscape in the Northeast Germany, and to quantify the respective roles of taxonomic turnover and nestedness in the pondscape. We disentangled the nonlinear effects of a wide range of environmental and spatial variables on macroinvertebrate α‐ and β‐biodiversity. Our results show that α‐diversity is impaired by eutrophication (phosphate and nitrogen) and that overshaded ponds support impoverished macroinvertebrate biota. The share of arable land in the ponds' surroundings decreases β‐diversity (i.e., dissimilarity in community), while β‐diversity is higher in shallower ponds. Moreover, we found that β‐diversity is mainly driven by taxonomic turnover and that ponds embedded in arable fields support local and regional diversity. Our findings highlight the importance of such ponds for supporting biodiversity, identify the main stressors related to human activities (eutrophication), and emphasize the need for a large number of ponds in the landscape to conserve biodiversity. Small freshwater systems in agricultural landscapes challenge us to compromise between human demands and nature conservation worldwide. Identifying and quantifying the effects of environmental variables on biodiversity inhabiting those ecosystems can help address threats impacting freshwater life with more effective management of pondscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille L. Musseau
- Institute of Biology Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| | - Gabriela Onandia
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) Müncheberg Germany
| | - Jana S. Petermann
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
- Department of Environment and Biodiversity University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | - Alban Sagouis
- Institute of Biology Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Computer Science Martin Luther University, Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Gunnar Lischeid
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) Müncheberg Germany
- Institute for Environmental Sciences and Geography University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
| | - Jonathan M. Jeschke
- Institute of Biology Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Raatz L, Pirhofer Walzl K, Müller MEH, Scherber C, Joshi J. Who is the culprit: Is pest infestation responsible for crop yield losses close to semi-natural habitats? Ecol Evol 2021; 11:13232-13246. [PMID: 34646465 PMCID: PMC8495789 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Semi-natural habitats (SNHs) are becoming increasingly scarce in modern agricultural landscapes. This may reduce natural ecosystem services such as pest control with its putatively positive effect on crop production. In agreement with other studies, we recently reported wheat yield reductions at field borders which were linked to the type of SNH and the distance to the border. In this experimental landscape-wide study, we asked whether these yield losses have a biotic origin while analyzing fungal seed and fungal leaf pathogens, herbivory of cereal leaf beetles, and weed cover as hypothesized mediators between SNHs and yield. We established experimental winter wheat plots of a single variety within conventionally managed wheat fields at fixed distances either to a hedgerow or to an in-field kettle hole. For each plot, we recorded the fungal infection rate on seeds, fungal infection and herbivory rates on leaves, and weed cover. Using several generalized linear mixed-effects models as well as a structural equation model, we tested the effects of SNHs at a field scale (SNH type and distance to SNH) and at a landscape scale (percentage and diversity of SNHs within a 1000-m radius). In the dry year of 2016, we detected one putative biotic culprit: Weed cover was negatively associated with yield values at a 1-m and 5-m distance from the field border with a SNH. None of the fungal and insect pests, however, significantly affected yield, neither solely nor depending on type of or distance to a SNH. However, the pest groups themselves responded differently to SNH at the field scale and at the landscape scale. Our findings highlight that crop losses at field borders may be caused by biotic culprits; however, their negative impact seems weak and is putatively reduced by conventional farming practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Raatz
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversität PotsdamUniversität PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e.VMünchebergGermany
| | - Karin Pirhofer Walzl
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e.VMünchebergGermany
- Institute at Brown for Environment and SocietyBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
- Institute of BiologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Marina E. H. Müller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e.VMünchebergGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
| | - Christoph Scherber
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK)Centre for Biodiversity MonitoringBonnGermany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
- Institute for Landscape and Open SpaceEastern Switzerland University of Applied SciencesJona‐RapperswilSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Onandia G, Maassen S, Musseau CL, Berger SA, Olmo C, Jeschke JM, Lischeid G. Key drivers structuring rotifer communities in ponds: insights into an agricultural landscape. JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH 2021; 43:396-412. [PMID: 34084088 PMCID: PMC8163045 DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the influence of environmental and spatial factors on the structure of aquatic communities remains a major challenge in community ecology. This study aims to identify main drivers of rotifer abundance and diversity in ponds embedded in an intensive agricultural landscape in Northeast Germany. We studied 42 ponds of glacial origin (kettle holes) covering a wide range of environmental parameters. The predominant factors structuring the rotifer metacommunity shifted from abiotic environmental filtering in spring to unstudied factors in autumn, while spatial factors remained less important. Fertilizer-driven salinization, internal nutrient recycling, primary productivity and sediment phosphorus release were the prevalent biogeochemical processes in the ponds. Both fertilizer-driven salinization and primary productivity negatively affected rotifer alpha diversity, and positively affected beta diversity. This impact was lower in forest ponds than in those surrounded by arable fields or grassland. However, rotifer diversity did not significantly differ among land-use categories. Our results indicate that the long-term impact of intensive agriculture in the region and the associated widespread eutrophication overrides the direct influence of land use on rotifer diversity but point to an indirect effect via fertilizer-driven salinization. Furthermore, this study highlights the role of ponds in enhancing regional biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Camille L Musseau
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, Gartenhaus, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 1-3, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin 12587, Germany
| | - Stella A Berger
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, Gartenhaus, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Zur alten Fischerhütte 2, Stechlin 16775, Germany
| | - Carla Olmo
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5780, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Jonathan M Jeschke
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, Gartenhaus, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 1-3, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin 12587, Germany
| | - Gunnar Lischeid
- Research Platform Data Analysis and Simulation, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, Müncheberg 15374, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, Gartenhaus, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Sciences and Geography, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lozada-Gobilard S, Schwarzer C, Dyer R, Tiedemann R, Joshi J. Genetic Diversity and Connectivity in Plant Species Differing in Clonality and Dispersal Mechanisms in Wetland Island Habitats. J Hered 2021; 112:108-121. [PMID: 33555304 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esaa059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, long-distance dispersal is both attenuated and directed by specific movement vectors, including animals, wind, and/or water. Hence, movement vectors partly shape metapopulation genetic patterns that are, however, also influenced by other life-history traits such as clonal growth. We studied the relationship between area, isolation, plant-species richness, reproduction, and dispersal mechanisms with genetic diversity and divergence in 4 widespread wetland plant-species in a total of 20 island-like kettle-hole habitats surrounded by an intensive agricultural landscape. Our results showed that genetic parameters reflect the reproduction strategies with the highest genetic diversity being observed in the non-clonal, outcrossing Oenanthe aquatica compared to the clonal Lycopus europaeus, Typha latifolia, and Phragmites australis. Lycopus showed a positive relationship between genetic diversity and kettle-hole area, but a negative relationship with the number of neighboring kettle holes (less isolation). Genetic diversity increased with plant-species richness in the clonal species Phragmites and Lycopus; while it decreased in the non-clonal Oenanthe. Finally, genetic divergence and, therefore, connectivity differed between alternative dispersal strategies, where wind-dispersed Typha and Phragmites had a higher gene flow between the analyzed kettle holes compared with the insect-pollinated, hydrochorous Lycopus and Oenanthe. Our study provides information on genetic patterns related to reproduction and dispersal mechanisms of 4 common wetland species contributing to the understanding of the functioning of plant metacommunities occurring in kettle holes embedded in agricultural landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sissi Lozada-Gobilard
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Germany.,The Botanical Garden, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, G.S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Christian Schwarzer
- Plant Systematics and Biodiversity, Humboldt University of Berlin, Späth-Arboretum, Späthstr. 80/81, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rodney Dyer
- Center of Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Institute for Landscape and Open Space, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Seestrasse 10, Rapperswil, Switzerland.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cairns J, Jokela R, Becks L, Mustonen V, Hiltunen T. Repeatable ecological dynamics govern the response of experimental communities to antibiotic pulse perturbation. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:1385-1394. [PMID: 32778754 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In an era of pervasive anthropogenic ecological disturbances, there is a pressing need to understand the factors that constitute community response and resilience. A detailed understanding of disturbance response needs to go beyond associations and incorporate features of disturbances, species traits, rapid evolution and dispersal. Multispecies microbial communities that experience antibiotic perturbation represent a key system with important medical dimensions. However, previous microbiome studies on this theme have relied on high-throughput sequencing data from uncultured species without the ability to explicitly account for the role of species traits and immigration. Here, we serially passage a 34-species defined bacterial community through different levels of pulse antibiotic disturbance, manipulating the presence or absence of species immigration. To understand the ecological community response measured using amplicon sequencing, we combine initial trait data measured for each species separately and metagenome sequencing data revealing adaptive mutations during the experiment. We found that the ecological community response was highly repeatable within the experimental treatments, which could be attributed in part to key species traits (antibiotic susceptibility and growth rate). Increasing antibiotic levels were also coupled with an increasing probability of species extinction, making species immigration critical for community resilience. Moreover, we detected signals of antibiotic-resistance evolution occurring within species at the same time scale, leaving evolutionary changes in communities despite recovery at the species compositional level. Together, these observations reveal a disturbance response that presents as classic species sorting, but is nevertheless accompanied by rapid within-species evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Cairns
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK. .,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme (OEB), Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Roosa Jokela
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Human Microbiome Research Program (HUMI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lutz Becks
- Community Dynamics Group, Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.,Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Limnological Institute University Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ville Mustonen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme (OEB), Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teppo Hiltunen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
How Do Trichoderma Genus Fungi Win a Nutritional Competition Battle against Soft Fruit Pathogens? A Report on Niche Overlap Nutritional Potentiates. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124235. [PMID: 32545883 PMCID: PMC7352470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case study report into nutritional competition between Trichoderma spp. isolated from wild raspberries and fungal phytopathogenic isolates (Colletotrichum sp., Botrytis sp., Verticillium sp. and Phytophthora sp.), which infect soft fruit ecological plantations. The competition was evaluated on the basis of nutritional potentiates. Namely, these were consumption and growth, calculated on the basis of substrate utilization located on Biolog® Filamentous Fungi (FF) plates. The niche size, total niche overlap and Trichoderma spp. competitiveness indices along with the occurrence of a stressful metabolic situation towards substrates highlighted the unfolding step-by-step approach. Therefore, the Trichoderma spp. and pathogen niche characteristics were provided. As a result, the substrates in the presence of which Trichoderma spp. nutritionally outcompete pathogens were denoted. These were adonitol, D-arabitol, i-erythritol, glycerol, D-mannitol and D-sorbitol. These substrates may serve as additives in biopreparations of Trichoderma spp. dedicated to plantations contaminated by phytopathogens of the genera Colletotrichum sp., Botrytis sp., Verticillium sp. and Phytophthora sp.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li M, Zhang X, Niu B, He Y, Wang X, Wu J. Changes in plant species richness distribution in Tibetan alpine grasslands under different precipitation scenarios. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|