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Deilmann TJ, Ulrich J, Römermann C. Habitat conditions filter stronger for functional traits than for phenology in herbaceous species. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11505. [PMID: 38835520 PMCID: PMC11148399 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies in botanical gardens are investigating species' responses to climate change. However, the influence of local environmental or habitat conditions such as soil nutrient status or microclimate on phenology and the link between morpho-physiological functional traits and phenological stages are poorly understood, making it difficult to extrapolate patterns from botanical gardens to natural environments. Therefore, we selected herbaceous species growing in two semi-natural habitats, namely, semi-dry grasslands (SDGs) and mesophilic grasslands (MGs) and the botanical garden of Jena (Germany) to investigate the influence of habitat conditions on interspecific and intraspecific patterns in phenology, functional traits and their associations. For 16 species, we monitored leaf and flowering phenology weekly for 133 populations from the three habitats, measured morpho-physiological traits (i.e., whole plant, leaf and reproductive traits), as well as habitat conditions and compared the measurements across habitats. Multivariate analyses revealed that morpho-physiological traits conspicuously showed stronger differences between habitats compared to phenological traits. Populations on MG showed temporal niche segregation, whereas populations on SDG showed flowering synchrony. Boosted Regression Trees showed that morpho-physiological traits, especially reproductive traits, strongly influenced phenological traits and that the trait-phenology relationships were highly habitat-specific. We conclude that species phenology is broadly similar between botanical gardens and local habitats. However, phenological responses to the environment may be constrained by a certain suite of correlated traits due to ecological plant strategies that vary across habitats. The effect of habitat conditions on morpho-physiological functional traits and phenology-trait relationships is important and should not be neglected at local scales, implying consequences at larger scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till J Deilmann
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Jena Germany
- Senckenberg Institute for Plant Form and Function Jena Jena Germany
| | - Josephine Ulrich
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Jena Germany
- Senckenberg Institute for Plant Form and Function Jena Jena Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Christine Römermann
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Jena Germany
- Senckenberg Institute for Plant Form and Function Jena Jena Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig Leipzig Germany
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2
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Turtureanu PD, Pușcaș M, Podar D, Balázs ZR, Hurdu BI, Novikov A, Renaud J, Saillard A, Bec S, Șuteu D, Băcilă I, Choler P. Extent of intraspecific trait variability in ecologically central and marginal populations of a dominant alpine plant across European mountains. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:335-347. [PMID: 37478315 PMCID: PMC10583199 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studying trait variability and restricted gene flow between populations of species can reveal species dynamics. Peripheral populations commonly exhibit lower genetic diversity and trait variability due to isolation and ecological marginality, unlike central populations experiencing gene flow and optimal conditions. This study focused on Carex curvula, the dominant species in alpine acidic meadows of European mountain regions. The species is sparser in dry areas such as the Pyrenees and Balkans, compared to the Central-Eastern Alps and Carpathians. We hypothesized that distinct population groups could be identified based on their mean functional trait values and their correlation with the environment; we predicted that ecologically marginal populations would have stronger trait correlations, lower within-population trait variability (intraspecific trait variability, ITV) and lower genetic diversity than populations of optimal habitats. METHODS Sampling was conducted in 34 populations that spanned the entire distribution range of C. curvula. We used hierarchical clustering to identify emergent functional groups of populations, defined by combinations of multiple traits associated with nutrient economy and drought tolerance (e.g. specific leaf area, anatomy). We contrasted the geographical distribution of these groups in relation to environment and genetic structure. We compared pairwise trait relationships, within-population trait variation (ITV) and neutral genetic diversity between groups. KEY RESULTS Our study identified emergent functional groups of populations. Those in the southernmost ranges, specifically the Pyrenees and Balkan region, showed drought-tolerant trait syndromes and correlated with indicators of limited water availability. While we noted a decline in population genetic diversity, we did not observe any significant changes in ITV in ecologically marginal (peripheral) populations. CONCLUSIONS Our research exemplifies the relationship between ecological marginality and geographical peripherality, which in this case study is linked to genetic depauperation but not to reduced ITV. Understanding these relationships is crucial for understanding the biogeographical factors shaping trait variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Dan Turtureanu
- A. Borza Botanic Garden, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources (3B), Babeș-Bolyai University, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Emil G. Racoviță Institute, Babeș-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Pușcaș
- A. Borza Botanic Garden, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources (3B), Babeș-Bolyai University, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Emil G. Racoviță Institute, Babeș-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dorina Podar
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources (3B), Babeș-Bolyai University, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zoltán Robert Balázs
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources (3B), Babeș-Bolyai University, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Doctoral School of Integrative Biology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Iuliu Hurdu
- Institute of Biological Research, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 48 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andriy Novikov
- Department of Biosystematics and Evolution, State Museum of Natural History of the NAS of Ukraine, 18 Teatralna Street, 79008 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Julien Renaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Amélie Saillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Bec
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dana Șuteu
- Institute of Biological Research, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 48 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Băcilă
- Institute of Biological Research, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 48 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Philippe Choler
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Tonin R, Wilhelmi S, Gültas M, Gerdol R, Paun O, Trucchi E, Schmitt AO, Wellstein C. Ice holes microrefugia harbor genetically and functionally distinct populations of Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Ericaceae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:13055. [PMID: 37567871 PMCID: PMC10421893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mountain terrain, ice holes are little depressions between rock boulders that are characterized by the exit of cold air able to cool down the rock surface even in summer. This cold air creates cold microrefugia in warmer surroundings that preserve plant species probably over thousands of years under extra-zonal climatic conditions. We hypothesized that ice hole populations of the model species Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Ericaceae) show genetic differentiation from nearby zonal subalpine populations, and high functional trait distinctiveness, in agreement with genetic patterns. We genotyped almost 30,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing and measured eight functional traits indicative of individual performance and ecological strategies. Genetic results showed high differentiation among the six populations suggesting isolation. On siliceous bedrock, ice hole individuals exhibited higher levels of admixture than those from subalpine populations which could have experienced more bottlenecks during demographic fluctuations related to glacial cycles. Ice hole and subalpine calcareous populations clearly separated from siliceous populations, indicating a possible effect of bedrock in shaping genetic patterns. Trait analysis reflected the bedrock effect on populations' differentiation. The significant correlation between trait and genetic distances suggests the genetic contribution in shaping intraspecific functional differentiation. In conclusion, extra-zonal populations reveal a prominent genetic and phenotypic differentiation determined by history and ecological contingency. Therefore, microrefugia populations can contribute to the overall variability of the species and lead to intraspecific-driven responses to upcoming environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Tonin
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100, Bozen, Italy
| | - Selina Wilhelmi
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Agriculture, South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, 59494, Soest, Germany
| | - Renato Gerdol
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ovidiu Paun
- Department for Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emiliano Trucchi
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Armin Otto Schmitt
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Camilla Wellstein
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100, Bozen, Italy.
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Karbstein K, Römermann C, Hellwig F, Prinz K. Population size affected by environmental variability impacts genetics, traits, and plant performance in Trifolium montanum L. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10376. [PMID: 37560178 PMCID: PMC10406824 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Population size, genetic diversity, and performance have fundamental importance for ecology, evolution, and nature conservation of plant species. Despite well-studied relationships among environmental, genetic, and intraspecific trait variation (ITV), the influence of population size on these aspects is less understood. To assess the sources of population size variation, but also its impact on genetic, functional trait, and performance aspects, we conducted detailed population size estimations, assessed 23 abiotic and biotic environmental habitat factors, performed population genetic analyses using nine microsatellite markers, and recorded nine functional traits based on 260 Trifolium montanum individuals from 13 semi-dry grassland locations of Central Europe. Modern statistical analyses based on a multivariate framework (path analysis) with preselected linear regression models revealed that the variation of abiotic factors (in contrast to factors per se) almost completely, significantly explained fluctuations in population size (R 2 = .93). In general, abiotic habitat variation (heterogeneity) was not affected by habitat area. Population size significantly explained genetic diversity (N A: R 2 = .42, H o: R 2 = .67, H e: R 2 = .43, and I: R 2 = .59), inbreeding (F IS: R 2 = .35), and differentiation (G ST: R 2 = .20). We also found that iFDCV (ITV) was significantly explained by abiotic habitat heterogeneity, and to a lesser extent by genetic diversity H e (R 2 = .81). Nevertheless, habitat heterogeneity did not statistically affect genetic diversity. This may be due to the use of selectively neutral microsatellite markers, and possibly by insufficient abiotic selective pressures on habitats examined. Small T. montanum populations in nonoptimal habitats were characterized by reduced genetic and functional trait diversity, and elevated genetic inbreeding and differentiation. This indicates reduced adaptability to current and future environmental changes. The long-term survival of small populations with reduced genetic diversity and beginning inbreeding will be highly dependent on habitat protection and adequate land-use actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Karbstein
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionFriedrich Schiller UniversityJenaGermany
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium)Albrecht‐von‐Haller Institute for Plant SciencesUniversity of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Department of Biogeochemical IntegrationMax Planck Institute for BiogeochemistryJenaGermany
| | - Christine Römermann
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionFriedrich Schiller UniversityJenaGermany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Frank Hellwig
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionFriedrich Schiller UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Kathleen Prinz
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionFriedrich Schiller UniversityJenaGermany
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Hakim N, Ahmad M, Rathee S, Sharma P, Kaur S, Batish DR, Singh HP. Invasive Cirsium arvense displays different resource-use strategies along local habitat heterogeneity in the trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:730. [PMID: 37231282 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and anthropogenic pressures have resulted in a significant shift in the invasion susceptibility and frequency of non-native species in mountain ecosystems. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (Family: Asteraceae) is an invasive species that spreads quickly in mountains, especially in the trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh. The current study used a trait-based approach to evaluate the impact of local habitat heterogeneity (soil physico-chemical properties) on C. arvense. Thirteen plant functional traits (root, shoot, leaf, and reproductive traits) of C. arvense were studied in three different habitat types (agricultural, marshy, and roadside). Functional trait variability in C. arvense was higher between, than within habitats (between different populations). All the functional traits interacted with habitat change, except for leaf count and seed mass. Soil properties strongly affect C. arvense's resource-use strategies across habitats. The plant adapted to a resource-poor environment (roadside habitat) by conserving resources and to a resource-rich environment (agricultural and marshy land habitat) by acquiring them. The ability of C. arvense to use resources differently reflects its persistence in introduced habitats. In summary, our study shows that C. arvense invades different habitats in introduced regions through trait adaptations and resource-use strategies in the trans-Himalayan region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasmeen Hakim
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Mustaqeem Ahmad
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Sonia Rathee
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Padma Sharma
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Shalinder Kaur
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
| | - Daizy R Batish
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
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Zhang Y, Lin W, Chu C, Ni M. Sex-specific outbreeding advantages and sexual dimorphism in the seedlings of dioecious trees. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16153. [PMID: 36905311 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Dioecious trees are important components of many forest ecosystems. Outbreeding advantage and sexual dimorphism are two major mechanisms that explain the persistence of dioecious plants; however, they have rarely been studied in dioecious trees. METHODS We investigated the influence of sex and genetic distance between parental trees (GDPT) on the growth and functional traits of multiple seedlings of a dioecious tree, Diospyros morrisiana. RESULTS We found significant positive relationships between GDPT and seedling sizes and tissue density. However, the positive outbreeding effects on seedling growth mainly manifested in female seedlings, but were not prominent in males. Among seedlings, the male ones generally had higher biomass and leaf area than female seedlings, but such differences diminished as GDPT increased. CONCLUSIONS Our research highlights that outbreeding advantage in plants can be sex-specific and that sexual dimorphism begins from the seedling stage of dioecious trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengjin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Geometric Morphometric Versus Genomic Patterns in a Large Polyploid Plant Species Complex. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030418. [PMID: 36979110 PMCID: PMC10045763 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant species complexes represent a particularly interesting example of taxonomically complex groups (TCGs), linking hybridization, apomixis, and polyploidy with complex morphological patterns. In such TCGs, mosaic-like character combinations and conflicts of morphological data with molecular phylogenies present a major problem for species classification. Here, we used the large polyploid apomictic European Ranunculus auricomus complex to study relationships among five diploid sexual progenitor species and 75 polyploid apomictic derivate taxa, based on geometric morphometrics using 11,690 landmarked objects (basal and stem leaves, receptacles), genomic data (97,312 RAD-Seq loci, 48 phased target enrichment genes, 71 plastid regions) from 220 populations. We showed that (1) observed genomic clusters correspond to morphological groupings based on basal leaves and concatenated traits, and morphological groups were best resolved with RAD-Seq data; (2) described apomictic taxa usually overlap within trait morphospace except for those taxa at the space edges; (3) apomictic phenotypes are highly influenced by parental subgenome composition and to a lesser extent by climatic factors; and (4) allopolyploid apomictic taxa, compared to their sexual progenitor, resemble a mosaic of ecological and morphological intermediate to transgressive biotypes. The joint evaluation of phylogenomic, phenotypic, reproductive, and ecological data supports a revision of purely descriptive, subjective traditional morphological classifications.
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Mafakheri M, Bakhshipour M, Omrani M, Gholizadeh H, Rahimi N, Mobaraki A, Rahimi M. The impact of environmental and climatic variables on genetic diversity and plant functional traits of the endangered tuberous orchid (Orchis mascula L.). Sci Rep 2022; 12:19765. [PMID: 36396718 PMCID: PMC9672365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how environmental factors shape patterns of genetic and phenotypic variations in a species is necessary for conservation and plant breeding. However, these factors have not yet been completely understood in tuberous orchid species used to make 'Salep', an important ingredient in traditional medicine and beverages in middle eastern countries and India. In many areas, increasing demand has pushed species to the brink of extinction. In this study, 198 genotypes from 18 populations of the endangered species Orchis mascula L. spanning a large-scale climatic gradient in northern Iran were used to investigate patterns of genetic diversity and plant functional traits. Populations were sampled from three land cover types (woodland, shrubland, and pastureland/grassland). Plant height, stem length, number of flowers, bulb fresh and dry weight, glucomannan, and starch concentrations showed high variation among populations and were significantly related to land cover type. In general, genetic diversity was high, particularly in those from eastern Hyrcanian; additionally, populations showed a high level of genetic differentiation (G'st = 0.35) with low gene flow (Nm = 0.46). The majority of genetic differentiation occurred within populations (49%) and land cover types (20%). The population structural analysis using the AFLP marker data in K = 4 showed a high geographical affinity for 198 O. mascula genotypes, with some genotypes having mixed ancestry. Temperature and precipitation were found to shape genetic and phenotypic variation profoundly. Significant isolation by the environment was observed, confirming the strong effect of environmental variables on phenotypic and genetic variation. Marker-trait association studies based on MLM1 and MLM2 models revealed significant associations of P-TGG + M-CTT-33 and E-AGG + M-CGT-22 markers with plant height and glucomannan content. Overall, a combination of large-scale climatic variables and land cover types significantly shaped genetic diversity and functional trait variation in O. mascula populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mafakheri
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Plant Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Mehdi Bakhshipour
- grid.411872.90000 0001 2087 2250Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O. Box, Rasht, 41635-1314 Iran
| | - Mina Omrani
- grid.1020.30000 0004 1936 7371School of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351 Australia
| | - Hamid Gholizadeh
- grid.411622.20000 0000 9618 7703Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran Iran
| | - Najmeh Rahimi
- grid.24805.3b0000 0001 0687 2182Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM USA
| | - Ali Mobaraki
- grid.411872.90000 0001 2087 2250Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O. Box, Rasht, 41635-1314 Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimi
- grid.448905.40000 0004 4910 146XDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
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Karbstein K, Tomasello S, Hodač L, Wagner N, Marinček P, Barke BH, Paetzold C, Hörandl E. Untying Gordian knots: unraveling reticulate polyploid plant evolution by genomic data using the large Ranunculus auricomus species complex. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:2081-2098. [PMID: 35633497 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Speciation via hybridization and polyploidization is a major evolutionary force in plant evolution but is still poorly understood for neopolyploid groups. Challenges are attributed to high heterozygosity, low genetic divergence, and missing information on progenitors, ploidy, and reproduction. We study the large Eurasian Ranunculus auricomus species complex and use a comprehensive workflow integrating reduced-representation sequencing (RRS) genomic data to unravel reticulate evolution, genome diversity and composition of polyploids. We rely on 97 312 restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) loci, 576 targeted nuclear genes (48 phased), and 71 plastid regions derived from 78 polyploid apomictic taxa and four diploid and one tetraploid putative sexual progenitor species. We applied (phylo)genomic structure, network, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-origin analyses. Results consistently showed only 3-5 supported and geographically structured polyploid genetic groups, each containing extant sexual and one unknown progenitor species. Combined analyses demonstrated predominantly allopolyploid origins, each involving 2-3 different diploid sexual progenitor species. Young allotetraploids were characterized by subgenome dominance and nonhybrid SNPs, suggesting substantial post-origin but little lineage-specific evolution. The biodiversity of neopolyploid complexes can result from multiple hybrid origins involving different progenitors and substantial post-origin evolution (e.g. homoeologous exchanges, hybrid segregation, gene flow). Reduced-representation sequencing genomic data including multi-approach information is efficient to delimit shallow reticulate relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Karbstein
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
- Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS), University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Salvatore Tomasello
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ladislav Hodač
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Natascha Wagner
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pia Marinček
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Birthe Hilkka Barke
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Paetzold
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute, 60325, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Elvira Hörandl
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
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Bucher SF, Auerswald K, Grün-Wenzel C, Higgins SI, Römermann C. Abiotic site conditions affect photosynthesis rates by changing leaf functional traits. Basic Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Thomson AI, Archer FI, Coleman MA, Gajardo G, Goodall‐Copestake WP, Hoban S, Laikre L, Miller AD, O’Brien D, Pérez‐Espona S, Segelbacher G, Serrão EA, Sjøtun K, Stanley MS. Charting a course for genetic diversity in the UN Decade of Ocean Science. Evol Appl 2021; 14:1497-1518. [PMID: 34178100 PMCID: PMC8210796 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The health of the world's oceans is intrinsically linked to the biodiversity of the ecosystems they sustain. The importance of protecting and maintaining ocean biodiversity has been affirmed through the setting of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 14 to conserve and sustainably use the ocean for society's continuing needs. The decade beginning 2021-2030 has additionally been declared as the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. This program aims to maximize the benefits of ocean science to the management, conservation, and sustainable development of the marine environment by facilitating communication and cooperation at the science-policy interface. A central principle of the program is the conservation of species and ecosystem components of biodiversity. However, a significant omission from the draft version of the Decade of Ocean Science Implementation Plan is the acknowledgment of the importance of monitoring and maintaining genetic biodiversity within species. In this paper, we emphasize the importance of genetic diversity to adaptive capacity, evolutionary potential, community function, and resilience within populations, as well as highlighting some of the major threats to genetic diversity in the marine environment from direct human impacts and the effects of global climate change. We then highlight the significance of ocean genetic diversity to a diverse range of socioeconomic factors in the marine environment, including marine industries, welfare and leisure pursuits, coastal communities, and wider society. Genetic biodiversity in the ocean, and its monitoring and maintenance, is then discussed with respect to its integral role in the successful realization of the 2030 vision for the Decade of Ocean Science. Finally, we suggest how ocean genetic diversity might be better integrated into biodiversity management practices through the continued interaction between environmental managers and scientists, as well as through key leverage points in industry requirements for Blue Capital financing and social responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melinda A. Coleman
- New South Wales FisheriesNational Marine Science CentreCoffs HarbourNSWAustralia
- National Marine Science CentreSouthern Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSWAustralia
- Oceans Institute and School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Gonzalo Gajardo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Aquaculture & BiodiversityUniversidad de Los LagosOsornoChile
| | | | - Sean Hoban
- Centre for Tree ScienceThe Morton ArboretumLisleILUSA
| | - Linda Laikre
- Centre for Tree ScienceThe Morton ArboretumLisleILUSA
- The Wildlife Analysis UnitThe Swedish Environmental Protection AgencyStockholmSweden
| | - Adam D. Miller
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesCentre for Integrative EcologyDeakin UniversityGeelongVicAustralia
- Deakin Genomics CentreDeakin UniversityGeelongVic.Australia
| | | | - Sílvia Pérez‐Espona
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin InstituteMidlothianUK
| | - Gernot Segelbacher
- Chair of Wildlife Ecology and ManagementUniversity FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Ester A. Serrão
- CCMARCentre of Marine SciencesFaculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of AlgarveFaroPortugal
| | - Kjersti Sjøtun
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
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