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Martinez AEJ, Garcia MJB, de Assis Marques F, Figueira RCL, de Lima Ferreira PA, Froehner S. Examining the source and composition of organic matter through saturated hydrocarbons, δ 13C, and δ 15N in a subtropical water reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173909. [PMID: 38880158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The sources of organic matter in the sediments of the Passaúna reservoir, an important water supply for the local population, were thoroughly investigated. The objective was to identify the origins of organic matter through the analysis of saturated hydrocarbons, elemental composition (total organic carbon and total nitrogen), and the content of δ13C and δ15N isotopes. This comprehensive approach allowed us to trace the sources of organic matter and discerns indicating heightened primary productivity within the reservoir. To achieve this, two sediment cores spanning a 140-year interval (1880-2020) were retrieved from the reservoir. Core 2 accumulates the majority of sediments, particularly near the dam area. In these parts, sediment deposits can reach up to 1 m above the pre-impoundment soil. Sediments near the area where core 1 was collected contain more sand, resulting in lower thickness compared to core 2. Sediment core 1 primarily reflects terrestrial sources of organic matter, as supported by stable isotope values of δ13C and δ15N. The δ13C values ranged from -23.0 ‰ to -25.7 ‰ in core 1 and from -28.4 ‰ to -29.2 ‰ in core 2. Meanwhile, the δ15N values ranged from 6.6 ‰ to 10.8 ‰ in core 1 and from 3.8 ‰ to 7.6 ‰ in core 2. The distribution of saturated hydrocarbons revealed that organic matter originates from both allochthonous and autochthonous sources. Periods of intense primary productivity were indicated by the presence of n-C16, n-C17, n-C18, and n-C19 alkanes. Additionally, we observed periods characterized by high primary productivity, indicative of elevated nutrient input likely resulting from increased urbanization and industrial activity in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sandro Froehner
- Federal University of Parana, Department of Environmental Engineering, Curitiba, PR 81531-980, Brazil.
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Zhang S, Yuan M, Shi Z, Yang S, Zhang M, Sun L, Gao J, Wang X. The Variations of Leaf δ 13C and Its Response to Environmental Changes of Arbuscular and Ectomycorrhizal Plants Depend on Life Forms. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3236. [PMID: 36501277 PMCID: PMC9739095 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (ECM) are the two most common mycorrhizal types and are paid the most attention to, playing a vital common but differentiated function in terrestrial ecosystems. The leaf carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) is an important factor in understanding the relationship between plants and the environment. In this study, a new database was established on leaf δ13C between AM and ECM plants based on the published data set of leaf δ13C in China's C3 terrestrial plants, which involved 1163 observations. The results showed that the differences in leaf δ13C between AM and ECM plants related closely to life forms. Leaf δ13C of ECM plants was higher than that of AM plants in trees, which was mainly led by the group of evergreen trees. The responses of leaf δ13C to environmental changes were varied between AM and ECM plants. Among the four life forms, leaf δ13C of ECM plants decreased more rapidly than that of AM plants, with an increase of longitude, except for deciduous trees. In terms of the sensitivity of leaf δ13C to temperature changes, AM plants were higher than ECM plants in the other three life forms, although there was no significant difference in evergreen trees. For the response to water conditions, the leaf δ13C of ECM plants was more sensitive than that of AM plants in all life forms, except evergreen and deciduous trees. This study laid a foundation for further understanding the role of mycorrhiza in the relationship between plants and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Mingli Yuan
- School of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Engineering, Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhoukou 466000, China
| | - Zhaoyong Shi
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Mengge Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Lirong Sun
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jiakai Gao
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xugang Wang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
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Tang S, Liu J, Gilliam FS, Hietz P, Wang Z, Lu X, Zeng F, Wen D, Hou E, Lai Y, Fang Y, Tu Y, Xi D, Huang Z, Zhang D, Wang R, Kuang Y. Drivers of foliar 15 N trends in southern China over the last century. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5441-5452. [PMID: 35653265 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Foliar stable nitrogen (N) isotopes (δ15 N) generally reflect N availability to plants and have been used to infer about changes thereof. However, previous studies of temporal trends in foliar δ15 N have ignored the influence of confounding factors, leading to uncertainties on its indication to N availability. In this study, we measured foliar δ15 N of 1811 herbarium specimens from 12 plant species collected in southern China forests from 1920 to 2010. We explored how changes in atmospheric CO2 , N deposition and global warming have affected foliar δ15 N and N concentrations ([N]) and identified whether N availability decreased in southern China. Across all species, foliar δ15 N significantly decreased by 0.82‰ over the study period. However, foliar [N] did not decrease significantly, implying N homeostasis in forest trees in the region. The spatiotemporal patterns of foliar δ15 N were explained by mean annual temperature (MAT), atmospheric CO2 ( P CO 2 ), atmospheric N deposition, and foliar [N]. The spatiotemporal trends of foliar [N] were explained by MAT, temperature seasonality, P CO 2 , and N deposition. N deposition within the rates from 5.3 to 12.6 kg N ha-1 year-1 substantially contributed to the temporal decline in foliar δ15 N. The decline in foliar δ15 N was not accompanied by changes in foliar [N] and therefore does not necessarily reflect a decline in N availability. This is important to understand changes in N availability, which is essential to validate and parameterize biogeochemical cycles of N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Tang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Frank S Gilliam
- Department of Biology, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Hietz
- Institute of Botany, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feiyan Zeng
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dazhi Wen
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Enqing Hou
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Lai
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Tu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Xi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiqun Huang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dianxiang Zhang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanwen Kuang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
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Pilecky M, Závorka L, Soto DX, Guo F, Wassenaar LI, Kainz MJ. Assessment of Compound-Specific Fatty Acid δ 13C and δ 2H Values to Track Fish Mobility in a Small Sub-alpine Catchment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11051-11060. [PMID: 35861449 PMCID: PMC9352314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Methods for identifying origin, movement, and foraging areas of animals are essential for understanding ecosystem connectivity, nutrient flows, and other ecological processes. Telemetric methods can provide detailed spatial coverage but are limited to a minimum body size of specimen for tagging. In recent years, stable isotopes have been increasingly used to track animal migration by linking landscape isotope patterns into movement (isoscapes). However, compared to telemetric methods, the spatial resolution of bulk stable isotopes is low. Here, we examined a novel approach by evaluating the use of compound-specific hydrogen and carbon stable isotopes of fatty acids (δ2HFA and δ13CFA) from fish liver, muscle, brain, and eye tissues for identifying site specificity in a 254 km2 sub-alpine river catchment. We analyzed 208 fish (European bullhead, rainbow trout, and brown trout) collected in 2016 and 2018 at 15 different sites. δ13CFA values of these fish tissues correlated more among each other than those of δ2HFA values. Both δ2HFA and δ13CFA values showed tissue-dependent isotopic fractionation, while fish taxa had only small effects. The highest site specificity was for δ13CDHA values, while the δ2H isotopic difference between linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid resulted in the highest site specificity. Using linear discrimination analysis of FA isotope values, over 90% of fish could be assigned to their location of origin; however, the accuracy dropped to about 56% when isotope data from 2016 were used to predict the sites for samples collected in 2018, suggesting temporal shifts in site specificity of δ2HFA and δ13CFA. However, the predictive power of δ2HFA and δ13CFA over this time interval was still higher than site specificity of bulk tissue isotopes for a single time point. In summary, compound-specific isotope analysis of fatty acids may become a highly effective tool for assessing fine and large-scale movement and foraging areas of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Pilecky
- WasserCluster
Lunz—Biologische Station, Inter-University
Center for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Dr. Carl-Kupelwieser Promenade 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
- Donau-Universität
Krems, Department for Biomedical Research, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Libor Závorka
- WasserCluster
Lunz—Biologische Station, Inter-University
Center for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Dr. Carl-Kupelwieser Promenade 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
| | - David X. Soto
- International
Atomic Energy Agency, Isotope Hydrology Section, Vienna International Centre, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Fen Guo
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological
Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological
Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Leonard I. Wassenaar
- WasserCluster
Lunz—Biologische Station, Inter-University
Center for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Dr. Carl-Kupelwieser Promenade 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
- Donau-Universität
Krems, Department for Biomedical Research, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
- University
of Saskatchewan, Department of Geological Science, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Martin J. Kainz
- WasserCluster
Lunz—Biologische Station, Inter-University
Center for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Dr. Carl-Kupelwieser Promenade 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
- Donau-Universität
Krems, Department for Biomedical Research, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
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