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Wang X, Shi J, Jiang X, Wang X. Association of depressive symptoms with cardiovascular events and plasma BNP: A prospective cohort study of the elderly Chinese population. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 123:105413. [PMID: 38555650 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and to evaluate the associations of mild and significant depressive symptoms with cardiovascular events and plasma BNP levels (which are surrogate endpoints for cardiovascular events) among older adults in a population-based study. METHODS A population-based prospective study of 1,432 elderly people (aged 70-84 years and without cardiovascular disease) was conducted, and the median duration of follow-up for participants with outcomes was 18 weeks. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). The hazard ratios (HRs) for the time to events and time to death were calculated using the Cox regression analysis. Multiple linear regression models and Spearman rank correlations were used to examine the association of depressive symptoms with Log BNP values. RESULTS The prevalence of mild (GDS-15 scores ≥ 6) and significant (GDS-15 scores ≥ 10) depressive symptoms were 7.3% and 2.0% at baseline, respectively. Older adults with significant depressive symptoms exhibited increased risks of time to death (HR: 12.56; 95% CI: 3.58-43.99) and composite cardiovascular endpoints (HR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.19-3.75). Significant depressive symptoms were associated with Log BNP levels (β=0.56, P = 0.02). Depressive symptom scores were also associated with Log BNP levels (rs=0.21, P = 0.04) in the older adults with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Significant depressive symptoms were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events and higher BNP levels in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Science and Fudan University Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jianming Shi
- Rugao People' s Hospital, Rugao 226500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Ogata F, Hanatani S, Nakashima N, Yamamoto M, Shirahama Y, Ishii M, Tabata N, Kusaka H, Yamanaga K, Kanazawa H, Hoshiyama T, Takashio S, Usuku H, Matsuzawa Y, Yamamoto E, Soejima H, Kawano H, Hayashi H, Oda S, Hirai T, Tsujita K. Human epididymis protein 4 is a useful predictor of post-operative prognosis in patients with severe aortic stenosis. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 38803046 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a novel fibrosis marker, is expressed only in activated fibroblasts and is thought to reflect ongoing left ventricular (LV) fibrosis. LV fibrosis is a feature of severe aortic stenosis (AS) and is related to the post-operative outcome of patients with AS. We investigated the relationship between serum levels of HE4 and the post-operative prognosis of patients with severe AS. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured the serum HE4 levels of 55 participants (80.8 ± 8.0 years old, male n = 26, 46%) with severe AS prior to surgical aortic valve replacement (n = 31, 56%) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (n = 24, 44%) at Kumamoto University Hospital in 2018. We followed them for cardiovascular (CV) death or hospitalization for heart failure (HF) for 3 years. Serum HE4 levels were positively correlated with computed tomography-extracellular volume (CT-ECV) values (r = 0.53, P = 0.004). Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated a significantly higher probability of hospitalization for HF or CV-related death in the patients with high HE4 (greater than the median HE4 value) compared with the patients with low HE4 (lower than the median HE4 value) (log-rank P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed HE4 (log(HE4)) to be an independent prognostic factor [hazard ratio (HR): 7.50; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.81-31.1; P = 0.005]. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis suggested that HE4 is a marker of increased risk of CV-related death or hospitalization for HF at 3 years after surgery, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.62-0.90; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS We found that HE4 is a potentially useful biomarker for predicting future CV events in patients scheduled for AS surgery. Measuring serum HE4 values could help consider AS surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Ogata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hanatani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Nakashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shirahama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masanobu Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Noriaki Tabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kusaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenshi Yamanaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kanazawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hoshiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Takashio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Usuku
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Matsuzawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Soejima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Hayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Seitaro Oda
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshinori Hirai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Ferrannini G, Benson L, Lautsch D, Dahlström U, Lund LH, Savarese G, Carrero JJ. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations, testing and associations with worsening heart failure events. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:759-771. [PMID: 38115625 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS In patients with heart failure (HF), we aimed to assess (i) the time trends in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) testing; (ii) patient characteristics associated with NT-proBNP testing; (iii) distribution of NT-proBNP levels, focusing on the subgroups with (WHFE) vs. without (NWHFE) a worsening HF event, defined as an HF hospitalization; and (iv) changes of NT-proBNP levels over time. METHODS AND RESULTS NT-proBNP testing and levels were investigated in HF patients enrolled in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry (SwedeHF) linked with the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements project from January 2011 to December 2018. Index date was the first registration in SwedeHF. Patterns of change in NT-proBNP levels before (in the previous 6 ± 3 months) and after (in the following 6 ± 3 months) the index date were categorized as follows: (i) <3000 ng/L at both measurements = stable low; (ii) <3000 ng/L at the first measurement and ≥3000 ng/L at the second measurement = increased; (iii) ≥3000 ng/L at the first measurement and <3000 ng/L at the second measurement = decreased; and (iv) ≥3000 ng/L at both measurements = stable high. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), were performed to assess the associations between (i) clinical characteristics and NT-proBNP testing and (ii) changes in NT-proBNP from 6 months prior to the index date and the index date and a WHFE. Consistency analyses were performed in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) alone. A total of 4424 HF patients were included (median age 74 years, women 34%, HFrEF 53%), 33% with a WHFE. NT-proBNP testing increased over time, up to 55% in 2018, and was almost two-fold as frequent, and time to testing was less than half, in patients with WHFE vs. NWHFE. Independent predictors of testing were WHFE, higher heart rate, diuretic use, and preserved ejection fraction. Median NT-proBNP was 3070 ng/L (Q1-Q3: 1220-7395), approximately three-fold higher in WHFE vs. NWHFE. Compared with stable low NT-proBNP levels, increased (OR 4.27, 95% CI 2.47-7.37) and stable high levels (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.58-3.88) were independently associated with a higher risk of WHFE. Results were consistent in the HFrEF population. CONCLUSIONS NT-proBNP testing increased over time but still was only performed in half of the patients. Testing was associated with a WHFE, with features of more severe HF and for differential diagnosis purposes. Increased and stable high levels were associated with a WHFE. Overall, our data highlight the potential benefits of carrying further implementation of NT-proBNP testing in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ferrannini
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Norrbacka S1:02, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
- Internal Medicine Unit, Södertälje Hospital, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Lina Benson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Norrbacka S1:02, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ulf Dahlström
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars H Lund
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Norrbacka S1:02, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
- Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gianluigi Savarese
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Norrbacka S1:02, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
- Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Jesus Carrero
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rosano GM, Vitale C, Spoletini I. Precision Cardiology: Phenotype-targeted Therapies for HFmrEF and HFpEF. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE 2024; 6:47-55. [PMID: 38694928 PMCID: PMC11058434 DOI: 10.36628/ijhf.2023.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represent over half of heart failure cases but lack proven effective therapies beyond sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and diuretics. HFmrEF and HFpEF are heterogeneous conditions requiring precision phenotyping to enable tailored therapies. This review covers concepts on precision medicine approaches for HFmrEF and HFpEF. Areas discussed include HFmrEF mechanisms, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic treatments for obesity-related HFpEF, If inhibition for HFpEF with atrial fibrillation, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism for chronic kidney disease-HFpEF. Incorporating precision phenotyping and matched interventions in HFmrEF and HFpEF trials will further advance therapy compared to blanket approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe M.C. Rosano
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, Chair of Pharmacology, San Raffaele University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Cardiology, San Raffaele Cassino Hospital, Cassino, Italy
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Armstrong PW, Zheng Y, Lund LH, Butler J, Troughton RW, Emdin M, Lam CSP, Ponikowski P, Blaustein RO, O'Connor CM, Roessig L, Voors AA, Ezekowitz JA, Westerhout CM. Evolution of NT-proBNP During Prerandomization Screening in VICTORIA: Implications for Clinical Outcomes and Efficacy of Vericiguat. Circ Heart Fail 2023; 16:e010661. [PMID: 37503602 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.123.010661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selecting high-risk patients with heart failure with potentially modifiable cardiovascular events is a priority. Our objective was to evaluate NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) changes during a 30-day screening to establish (1) the frequency and direction of changes; (2) whether a relationship exists between changes in NT-proBNP and the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization; and (3) whether changes in NT-proBNP relate to vericiguat's clinical benefit. METHODS VICTORIA (A Study of Vericiguat in Participants With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction) randomized 5050 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and a recent worsening heart failure event. We studied 3821 patients who had NT-proBNP measured during screening and at randomization. RESULTS Sixteen hundred exhibited a >20% reduction, 1412 had ≤20% change, and 809 showed a >20% rise in NT-proBNP levels. As compared with the primary composite outcome of 28.4/100 patient-years (497 events; 31.1%) in patients with a >20% decline in NT-proBNP, those with >20% during screening had worse outcomes; 48.8/100 patient-years (359 events; 44.4%); adjusted hazard ratio, 1.61 (95% CI, 1.39-1.85). Those patients with a ≤20% change in NT-proBNP had intermediate outcomes; 39.2/100 patient-years (564 events; 39.9%); adjusted hazard ratio, 1.33 (95% CI, 1.17-1.51). No relationship existed between NT-proBNP changes during screening and vericiguat's effect on cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Substantial differences occurred in the rates of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization, especially in patients with a >20% change in NT-proBNP levels during screening interval. Sequential NT-proBNP levels add important prognostic information meriting consideration in future heart failure trials. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT02861534.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Armstrong
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada (P.W.A., Y.Z., J.A.E., C.M.W.)
| | - Yinggan Zheng
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada (P.W.A., Y.Z., J.A.E., C.M.W.)
| | - Lars H Lund
- Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (L.H.L.)
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX (J.B.)
| | | | - Michele Emdin
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (M.E.)
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore (C.S.P.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center of Groningen, the Netherlands (A.A.V.)
| | - Justin A Ezekowitz
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada (P.W.A., Y.Z., J.A.E., C.M.W.)
| | - Cynthia M Westerhout
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada (P.W.A., Y.Z., J.A.E., C.M.W.)
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