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Chen Y, Liu S, Liang Y, He Y, Li Q, Zhan J, Hou H, Qiu X. Single dose of intravenous miR199a-5p delivery targeting ischemic heart for long-term repair of myocardial infarction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5565. [PMID: 38956062 PMCID: PMC11219733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49901-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term treatment of myocardial infarction is challenging despite medical advances. Tissue engineering shows promise for MI repair, but implantation complexity and uncertain outcomes pose obstacles. microRNAs regulate genes involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis, and myocardial contraction, making them valuable for long-term repair. In this study, we find downregulated miR-199a-5p expression in MI. Intramyocardial injection of miR-199a-5p into the infarcted region of male rats revealed its dual protective effects on the heart. Specifically, miR-199a-5p targets AGTR1, diminishing early oxidative damage post-myocardial infarction, and MARK4, which influences long-term myocardial contractility and enhances cardiac function. To deliver miR-199a-5p efficiently and specifically to ischemic myocardial tissue, we use CSTSMLKAC peptide to construct P-MSN/miR199a-5p nanoparticles. Intravenous administration of these nanoparticles reduces myocardial injury and protects cardiac function. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of P-MSN/miR199a-5p nanoparticles in repairing MI through enhanced contraction and anti-apoptosis. miR199a-5p holds significant therapeutic potential for long-term repair of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunsong Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamian Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Falcão-Pires I, Ferreira AF, Trindade F, Bertrand L, Ciccarelli M, Visco V, Dawson D, Hamdani N, Van Laake LW, Lezoualc'h F, Linke WA, Lunde IG, Rainer PP, Abdellatif M, Van der Velden J, Cosentino N, Paldino A, Pompilio G, Zacchigna S, Heymans S, Thum T, Tocchetti CG. Mechanisms of myocardial reverse remodelling and its clinical significance: A scientific statement of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:1454-1479. [PMID: 38837573 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbimortality in Europe and worldwide. CVD imposes a heterogeneous spectrum of cardiac remodelling, depending on the insult nature, that is, pressure or volume overload, ischaemia, arrhythmias, infection, pathogenic gene variant, or cardiotoxicity. Moreover, the progression of CVD-induced remodelling is influenced by sex, age, genetic background and comorbidities, impacting patients' outcomes and prognosis. Cardiac reverse remodelling (RR) is defined as any normative improvement in cardiac geometry and function, driven by therapeutic interventions and rarely occurring spontaneously. While RR is the outcome desired for most CVD treatments, they often only slow/halt its progression or modify risk factors, calling for novel and more timely RR approaches. Interventions triggering RR depend on the myocardial insult and include drugs (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors), devices (cardiac resynchronization therapy, ventricular assist devices), surgeries (valve replacement, coronary artery bypass graft), or physiological responses (deconditioning, postpartum). Subsequently, cardiac RR is inferred from the degree of normalization of left ventricular mass, ejection fraction and end-diastolic/end-systolic volumes, whose extent often correlates with patients' prognosis. However, strategies aimed at achieving sustained cardiac improvement, predictive models assessing the extent of RR, or even clinical endpoints that allow for distinguishing complete from incomplete RR or adverse remodelling objectively, remain limited and controversial. This scientific statement aims to define RR, clarify its underlying (patho)physiologic mechanisms and address (non)pharmacological options and promising strategies to promote RR, focusing on the left heart. We highlight the predictors of the extent of RR and review the prognostic significance/impact of incomplete RR/adverse remodelling. Lastly, we present an overview of RR animal models and potential future strategies under pre-clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Falcão-Pires
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Ferreira
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fábio Trindade
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO, Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Valeria Visco
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Dana Dawson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-SU Cardiovascular Comorbidities Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht University Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter P Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- St. Johann in Tirol General Hospital, St. Johann in Tirol, Austria
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Nicola Cosentino
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Paldino
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences (CIRCET), Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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3
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Momeni Z, Danesh S, Ahmadpour M, Eshraghi R, Farkhondeh T, Pourhanifeh MH, Samarghandian S. Protective Roles and Therapeutic Effects of Gallic Acid in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Current Trends and Future Directions. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3733-3751. [PMID: 37815180 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673259299230921150030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are serious life-threatening illnesses and significant problematic issues for public health having a heavy economic burden on all society worldwide. The high incidence of these diseases as well as high mortality rates make them the leading causes of death and disability. Therefore, finding novel and more effective therapeutic methods is urgently required. Gallic acid, an herbal medicine with numerous biological properties, has been utilized in the treatment of various diseases for thousands of years. It has been demonstrated that gallic acid possesses pharmacological potential in regulating several molecular and cellular processes such as apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, gallic acid has been investigated in the treatment of CVDs both in vivo and in vitro. Herein, we aimed to review the available evidence on the therapeutic application of gallic acid for CVDs including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and infarction, drug-induced cardiotoxicity, hypertension, cardiac fibrosis, and heart failure, with a focus on underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Momeni
- Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sepideh Danesh
- Research Hub Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ahmadpour
- Research Hub Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Eshraghi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Hub Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- University of Neyshabur Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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4
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Mollace R, Scarano F, Bava I, Carresi C, Maiuolo J, Tavernese A, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Muscoli S, Palma E, Muscoli C, Salvemini D, Federici M, Macrì R, Mollace V. Modulation of the nitric oxide/cGMP pathway in cardiac contraction and relaxation: Potential role in heart failure treatment. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106931. [PMID: 37722519 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Evidence exists that heart failure (HF) has an overall impact of 1-2 % in the global population being often associated with comorbidities that contribute to increased disease prevalence, hospitalization, and mortality. Recent advances in pharmacological approaches have significantly improved clinical outcomes for patients with vascular injury and HF. Nevertheless, there remains an unmet need to clarify the crucial role of nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signalling in cardiac contraction and relaxation, to better identify the key mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of myocardial dysfunction both with reduced (HFrEF) as well as preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Indeed, NO signalling plays a crucial role in cardiovascular homeostasis and its dysregulation induces a significant increase in oxidative and nitrosative stress, producing anatomical and physiological cardiac alterations that can lead to heart failure. The present review aims to examine the molecular mechanisms involved in the bioavailability of NO and its modulation of downstream pathways. In particular, we focus on the main therapeutic targets and emphasize the recent evidence of preclinical and clinical studies, describing the different emerging therapeutic strategies developed to counteract NO impaired signalling and cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Irene Bava
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation PTV Polyclinic Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy; Renato Dulbecco Institute, Lamezia Terme, Catanzaro 88046, Italy.
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5
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Huang F, Liu X, Liu J, Xie Y, Zhao L, Liu D, Zeng Z, Liu X, Zheng S, Xiao Z. Phosphatidylethanolamine aggravates Angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrosis by triggering ferroptosis in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1148410. [PMID: 37288112 PMCID: PMC10242123 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1148410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As atrial fibrosis is the main feature of atrial structural remodeling, inhibiting atrial fibrosis is crucial to the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) progression. Research has shown the correlation between abnormal lipid metabolism and AF progression. However, the effect of specific lipids on atrial fibrosis remains unclear. In the present study, we applied ultra-high-performance lipidomics to analyze the lipid profiles in patients with AF and identify phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as the differential lipid associated with AF. To detect the effect of the differential lipid on atrial fibrosis, we performed the intraperitoneal injection of Angiotensin II (Ang II) to mice to induce atrial fibrosis and supplemented PE in diets. We also treated atrial cells with PE to evaluate the cellular effect of PE. We found that PE supplementation aggravated atrial fibrosis and increased the expression of the fibrosis-related protein in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we detected the effect of PE on the atrium. We found that PE increased oxidation products and regulated the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, which could be alleviated by a ferroptosis inhibitor. PE increased peroxidation and mitochondrial damage in vitro, which promoted cardiomyocyte death induced by Ang II. Examination of protein expression in cardiomyocytes indicated that PE triggered ferroptosis and caused cell death to participate in myocardium fibrosis. In summary, our findings demonstrated the differential lipid profiles of AF patients and revealed the potential effect of PE on atrial remodelling, suggesting that inhibition of PE and ferroptosis might serve as a potential therapy to prevent AF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiu Liu
- *Correspondence: Xiu Liu, ; Shaoyi Zheng, ; Zezhou Xiao,
| | - Shaoyi Zheng
- *Correspondence: Xiu Liu, ; Shaoyi Zheng, ; Zezhou Xiao,
| | - Zezhou Xiao
- *Correspondence: Xiu Liu, ; Shaoyi Zheng, ; Zezhou Xiao,
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Leancă SA, Afrăsânie I, Crișu D, Matei IT, Duca ȘT, Costache AD, Onofrei V, Tudorancea I, Mitu O, Bădescu MC, Șerban LI, Costache II. Cardiac Reverse Remodeling in Ischemic Heart Disease with Novel Therapies for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1000. [PMID: 37109529 PMCID: PMC10143569 DOI: 10.3390/life13041000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the improvements in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute myocardial infarction (MI) over the past 20 years, ischemic heart disease (IHD) continues to be the most common cause of heart failure (HF). In clinical trials, over 70% of patients diagnosed with HF had IHD as the underlying cause. Furthermore, IHD predicts a worse outcome for patients with HF, leading to a substantial increase in late morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In recent years, new pharmacological therapies have emerged for the treatment of HF, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, selective cardiac myosin activators, and oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, demonstrating clear or potential benefits in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction. Interventional strategies such as cardiac resynchronization therapy, cardiac contractility modulation, or baroreflex activation therapy might provide additional therapeutic benefits by improving symptoms and promoting reverse remodeling. Furthermore, cardiac regenerative therapies such as stem cell transplantation could become a new therapeutic resource in the management of HF. By analyzing the existing data from the literature, this review aims to evaluate the impact of new HF therapies in patients with IHD in order to gain further insight into the best form of therapeutic management for this large proportion of HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Andreea Leancă
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Irina Afrăsânie
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Daniela Crișu
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
| | - Iulian Theodor Matei
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Ștefania Teodora Duca
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dan Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
- Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iași, Romania
| | - Viviana Onofrei
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Ionuţ Tudorancea
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Mitu
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Minerva Codruța Bădescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Ionela Șerban
- Department of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Irina Iuliana Costache
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
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Song X, Cui Y, Zhu T. MicroRNA-19 upregulation attenuates cardiac fibrosis via targeting connective tissue growth factor. Am J Med Sci 2023; 365:375-385. [PMID: 36539014 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown the role of microRNA (miR)-19 in aging-related heart failure. The present study aimed to verify the effects of miR-19 on cardiac fibrosis and its target. METHODS Cardiac fibrosis was induced by myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure and angiotensin (Ang) II-treated rats in vivo, and was induced in Ang II-treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in vitro. RESULTS The expression of miR-19 was reduced in the heart tissue of MI and Ang II-treated rats, and Ang II-treated CFs. The impaired cardiac function in rats was repaired after miR-19 administration. The levels of collagen I, collagen III and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) increased in the heart tissue of MI and Ang II-treated rats, and Ang II-treated CFs. These increases were reversed by miR-19 agomiR. Moreover, the bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was a direct target of miR-19. MiR-19 treatment inhibited CTGF expression in CFs, while CTGF overexpression inhibited miR-19 agomiR to attenuate the Ang II-induced increases of collagen I and collagen III in CFs. The increases of p-ERK, p-JNK and p-p38 in the CFs induced by Ang II were repressed by miR-19 agomiR. CONCLUSIONS Upregulating miR-19 can improve cardiac function and attenuate cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting the CTGF and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, 31 Jinan Road, Dongying 257034, China
| | - Yuqiang Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, 31 Jinan Road, Dongying 257034, China
| | - Teng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, 31 Jinan Road, Dongying 257034, China.
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8
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Pan J, Liu M, Su H, Hu H, Chen H, Ma L. Pharmacological Inhibition of P-Rex1/Rac1 Axis Blocked Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07442-3. [PMID: 36892683 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor-1 (P-Rex1), as one of the members of Rac-GEFs, has been proven to play a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis. Nonetheless, its role in cardiac fibrosis remains elusive. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether and how the P-Rex1 mediates AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis. METHOD A cardiac fibrosis mouse model was established by chronic AngII perfusion. The heart structure, function, pathological changes of myocardial tissues, oxidative stress, and cardiac fibrotic protein expression were determined in an AngII induced mouse model. To provide a molecular mechanism for P-Rex1 involvement in cardiac fibrosis, a specific inhibitor or siRNA was used to block P-Rex1, and target the relationship between Rac1-GTPase and its downstream effector. RESULTS Blocking P-Rex1 showed down-regulation of its downstream effectors such as the profibrotic transcriptional regulator Paks, ERK1/2, and ROS generation. Intervention treatment with P-Rex1 inhibitor 1A-116 ameliorated AngII-induced abnormalities in heart structure and function. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of the P-Rex1/Rac1 axis showed a protective effect in AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis through the down-regulation of collagen1, CTGF, and α-SMA expression. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated for the first time that P-Rex1 was an essential signaling mediator in CFs activation and subsequent cardiac fibrosis, and 1A-116 could be a potential pharmacological development drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyuan Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No.17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No.17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No.17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No.17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No.17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Likun Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No.17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Feng WH, Chen PS, Chung HC, Lin YH, Li YH. Soluble tumor endothelial marker 1 in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: A pilot study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1015471. [PMID: 36588577 PMCID: PMC9802008 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1015471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor endothelial marker 1 (TEM1/CD248) is a transmembrane protein that expresses in mesenchymal lineage derived cells during embryogenesis and becomes undetectable in normal adults after birth. Re-expression of TEM1 is found in organ fibrosis, wound healing and cardiac remodeling indicating its potential role in heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study is to explore the role of soluble TEM1 (sTEM1) in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction. Methods We examined endomyocardial biopsy specimens from three HF patients and blood samples from 48 patients admitted for acute decompensated HF (age 72 years, men 61.7%). The expression of TEM1 in cardiac tissue and concentrations of sTEM1 in plasma were evaluated. Cultured rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2) and human cardiac fibroblasts (HCF) were stimulated with hypoxia or transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) to observe the release of sTEM1 into culture media. The conditioned media of hypoxia-stimulated H9c2 cells was harvested and added into cultured cardiac fibroblast to evaluate its biological effect. Results Immunofluorescence study of biopsy specimens from three HF patients showed TEM1 expression in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. The plasma level of sTEM1 was significantly higher in patients (0.90 ± 0.23 vs. 0.33 ± 0.10 ng/mL, p = 0.032) with LVEF ≤ 35% compared with those with LVEF 36-49%. The sTEM1 levels had correlations with HF biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis, including growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and galectin-3. There was a significant increase in sTEM1 levels in the cultured media of H9c2 and HCF after being stressed with hypoxia or TGF-β. The conditioned media derived from hypoxia-stimulated H9c2 cells significantly increased cell proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts. This effect was partially reversed by anti-TEM1 antibody. Conclusion This pilot study demonstrated that cardiac TEM1 expression was upregulated in HF. The levels of sTEM1 were significantly higher in HF patients with LVEF ≤ 35% and correlated with other biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis. In vitro study proved that functional sTEM1 was released into cultured media after stressing cardiomyocytes and HCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Han Feng
- College of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Sheng Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Yi-Heng Li,
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10
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Alharbi H, Hardyman M, Cull J, Markou T, Cooper S, Glennon P, Fuller S, Sugden P, Clerk A. Cardiomyocyte BRAF is a key signalling intermediate in cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1661-1681. [PMID: 36331065 PMCID: PMC9679367 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is necessary for the heart to accommodate an increase in workload. Physiological, compensated hypertrophy (e.g. with exercise) is reversible and largely due to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Pathological hypertrophy (e.g. with hypertension) is associated with additional features including increased fibrosis and can lead to heart failure. RAF kinases (ARAF/BRAF/RAF1) integrate signals into the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 cascade, a pathway implicated in cardiac hypertrophy, and activation of BRAF in cardiomyocytes promotes compensated hypertrophy. Here, we used mice with tamoxifen-inducible cardiomyocyte-specific BRAF knockout (CM-BRAFKO) to assess the role of BRAF in hypertension-associated cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II (AngII; 0.8 mg/kg/d, 7 d) and physiological hypertrophy induced by phenylephrine (40 mg/kg/d, 7 d). Cardiac dimensions/functions were measured by echocardiography with histological assessment of cellular changes. AngII promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased fibrosis within the myocardium (interstitial) and around the arterioles (perivascular) in male mice; cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial (but not perivascular) fibrosis were inhibited in mice with CM-BRAFKO. Phenylephrine had a limited effect on fibrosis but promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased contractility in male mice; cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was unaffected in mice with CM-BRAFKO, but the increase in contractility was suppressed and fibrosis increased. Phenylephrine induced a modest hypertrophic response in female mice and, in contrast with the males, tamoxifen-induced loss of cardiomyocyte BRAF reduced cardiomyocyte size, had no effect on fibrosis and increased contractility. The data identify BRAF as a key signalling intermediate in both physiological and pathological hypertrophy in male mice, and highlight the need for independent assessment of gene function in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajed O. Alharbi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | | | - Joshua J. Cull
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Thomais Markou
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Susanna T.E. Cooper
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, U.K
| | - Peter E. Glennon
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, University Hospital Cardiology Department, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, U.K
| | | | - Peter H. Sugden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Angela Clerk
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
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11
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Nezami Z, Holm H, Ohlsson M, Molvin J, Korduner J, Bachus E, Zaghi A, Dieden A, Platonov PG, Jujic A, Magnusson M. The impact of myocardial fibrosis biomarkers in a heart failure population with atrial fibrillation—The HARVEST-Malmö study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:982871. [PMID: 36337899 PMCID: PMC9626526 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.982871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies suggest that circulating biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis are associated with worse prognosis in subjects with atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, we aimed to explore associations between fibrosis biomarkers, prevalent AF, and left atrial volume (LAV) enlargement in subjects with heart failure (HF). Additionally, we evaluated the prognostic impact of fibrotic biomarkers in HF with co-existing AF. Materials and methods Patients hospitalized for HF (n = 316, mean age 75 years; 30% women) were screened for AF. Seven proteins previously associated with myocardial fibrosis [metalloproteinase inhibitor 4 (TIMP-4), suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST-2), galectin-3 (GAL-3), growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), and matrix metalloproteinase 2, 3, and 9 (MMP-3, MMP-3, and MMP-9, respectively)] were analyzed using a proximity extension assay. Proteins with significant Bonferroni-corrected associations with mortality and re-hospitalization risk were taken forward to multivariable Cox regression analyses. Further, Bonferroni-corrected multivariable logistic regression models were used to study associations between protein plasma levels, prevalent AF, and severely enlarged left atrial volume index (LAVI ≥ 48 ml/m2). Results Prevalent AF was observed in 194 patients at the hospitalization of whom 178 (92%) were re-hospitalized and 111 (57%) died during the follow-up period. In multivariable logistic regression models, increased plasma levels of TIMP-4, GDF-15, and ST-2 were associated with the prevalence of AF, whereas none of the seven proteins showed any significant association with severely enlarged LAVI. Increased plasma levels of five proteins yielded significant associations with all-cause mortality in patients with co-existing AF; TIMP-4 (HR 1.33; CI95% 1.07–1.66; p = 0.010), GDF-15 (HR 1.30; CI95% 1.05–1.62; p = 0.017), GAL-3 (HR 1.29; CI95% 1.03–1.61; p = 0.029), ST-2 (HR 1.48; CI95% 1.18–1.85; p < 0.001), and MMP-3 (HR 1.33; CI95% 1.09–1.63; p = 0.006). None of the proteins showed any significant association with re-hospitalization risk. Conclusion In this study, we were able to demonstrate that elevated levels of three plasma proteins previously linked to myocardial fibrosis are associated with prevalent AF in a HF population. Additionally, higher levels of five plasma proteins yielded an increased risk of mortality in the HF population with or without co-existing AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainu Nezami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sweden Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hannes Holm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Hannes Holm,
| | - Marcus Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sweden Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - John Molvin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Korduner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Erasmus Bachus
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Amir Zaghi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna Dieden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Amra Jujic
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North West University Potchefstroom, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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12
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Tumor endothelial marker 1 is upregulated in heart after cardiac injury and participates in cardiac remodeling. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10532. [PMID: 35732643 PMCID: PMC9218118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor endothelial marker 1 (TEM1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that appears on mesenchymal lineage-derived cells during embryogenesis, but its expression greatly reduces after birth. Re-upregulation of TEM1 is found in tumor angiogenesis, organ fibrosis and wound healing indicating its potential role in tissue remodeling and repair. The expression level and function of TEM1 in adult heart are unknown. In explanted hearts from heart failure (HF) patients received cardiac transplantation, immunofluorescence staining showed TEM1 was expressed in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and cardiac fibroblasts. Bioinformatics analysis showed TEM1 upregulation in mouse heart after coronary ligation. Cardiac TEM1 expression was reconfirmed in mouse HF induced by coronary ligation or doxorubicin injection. TEM1 expression increased in cultured CMs stimulated with mechanical stretch, doxorubicin and hypoxia. Further studies showed recombinant TEM1 (rTEM1) was a functional protein that influenced cell behaviors of CMs. It directly activated Erk and Akt through interaction with PDGF receptor. TEM1lacZ/lacZ mice had less collagen deposition and worse cardiac function than wild type mice. These results indicate that TEM1 expression increases in the heart after cardiac injury and works as a functional protein that participates in cardiac remodeling.
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13
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Clerk A, Meijles DN, Hardyman MA, Fuller SJ, Chothani SP, Cull JJ, Cooper ST, Alharbi HO, Vanezis K, Felkin LE, Markou T, Leonard SJ, Shaw SW, Rackham OJ, Cook SA, Glennon PE, Sheppard MN, Sembrat JC, Rojas M, McTiernan CF, Barton PJ, Sugden PH. Cardiomyocyte BRAF and type 1 RAF inhibitors promote cardiomyocyte and cardiac hypertrophy in mice in vivo. Biochem J 2022; 479:401-424. [PMID: 35147166 PMCID: PMC8883496 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) cascade promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and is cardioprotective, with the three RAF kinases forming a node for signal integration. Our aims were to determine if BRAF is relevant for human heart failure, whether BRAF promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and if Type 1 RAF inhibitors developed for cancer (that paradoxically activate ERK1/2 at low concentrations: the 'RAF paradox') may have the same effect. BRAF was up-regulated in heart samples from patients with heart failure compared with normal controls. We assessed the effects of activated BRAF in the heart using mice with tamoxifen-activated Cre for cardiomyocyte-specific knock-in of the activating V600E mutation into the endogenous gene. We used echocardiography to measure cardiac dimensions/function. Cardiomyocyte BRAFV600E induced cardiac hypertrophy within 10 d, resulting in increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening over 6 weeks. This was associated with increased cardiomyocyte size without significant fibrosis, consistent with compensated hypertrophy. The experimental Type 1 RAF inhibitor, SB590885, and/or encorafenib (a RAF inhibitor used clinically) increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes, and promoted hypertrophy, consistent with a 'RAF paradox' effect. Both promoted cardiac hypertrophy in mouse hearts in vivo, with increased cardiomyocyte size and no overt fibrosis. In conclusion, BRAF potentially plays an important role in human failing hearts, activation of BRAF is sufficient to induce hypertrophy, and Type 1 RAF inhibitors promote hypertrophy via the 'RAF paradox'. Cardiac hypertrophy resulting from these interventions was not associated with pathological features, suggesting that Type 1 RAF inhibitors may be useful to boost cardiomyocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Clerk
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Daniel N. Meijles
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's University of London, London, U.K
| | | | | | - Sonia P. Chothani
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Joshua J. Cull
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Susanna T.E. Cooper
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's University of London, London, U.K
| | - Hajed O. Alharbi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Konstantinos Vanezis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, U.K
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Leanne E. Felkin
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, U.K
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, U.K
| | - Thomais Markou
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | | | - Spencer W. Shaw
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Owen J.L. Rackham
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Stuart A. Cook
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, U.K
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Peter E. Glennon
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, University Hospital Cardiology Department, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, U.K
| | - Mary N. Sheppard
- CRY Cardiovascular Pathology Department, St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, U.K
| | - John C. Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and Dorothy P & Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, U.S.A
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and Dorothy P & Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, U.S.A
| | - Charles F. McTiernan
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, U.S.A
| | - Paul J. Barton
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, U.K
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, U.K
| | - Peter H. Sugden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
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14
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Luo Y, Tian L, Lian C, Xu Y. KLHL38 facilitates STS-induced apoptosis in HL-1 cells via myocardin degradation. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:446-462. [PMID: 35112472 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac apoptosis has been identified as one of the main precipitating factors of heart failure (HF) throughout the whole course of progressive disease. Limited to the lack of diagnostic markers and effective drug targets, cardiac apoptosis is still a major clinical challenge. Here, we reveal a potential novel therapeutic target for cardiac apoptosis. In the cause of the study, we found that KLHL38 was highly expressed in cardiac tissue of heart failure patients via GEO data-mining, which was further verified in the heart tissue of TAC mice. Meanwhile, the expression of KLHL38 is negatively correlated with myocardin protein level, which is a key cardiac apoptosis regulator. The KLHL38 overexpression obviously promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis treated with staurosporine (STS) by facilitation of myocardin's ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. These findings reveal a new therapeutic target which may provide a new theoretical foundation for the treatment of myocardial apoptosis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Tian
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Lian
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yao Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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15
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New Perspectives in the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/jce-2021-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Acute and chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a major public health problem, studies showing a 25% survival rate at 5 years after hospitalization. If left untreated, it is a common and potentially fatal disease. In recent years, the medical and device therapies of patients with HFrEF have significantly improved. The aim of our review is to provide an evidence-based update on new therapeutic strategies in acute and chronic settings, to prevent hospitalization and death in patients with HFrEF. We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and we included a number of 23 randomized controlled trials published in the last 30 years. The benefit of beta-blockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with HFrEF is well known. Recent developments, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, vericiguat, transcatheter mitral valve repair, wireless pulmonary artery pressure monitor and cardiac contractility modulation, have also proven effective in improving prognosis. In addition, other new therapeutic agents showed encouraging results, but they are currently being studied. The implementation of personalized disease management programs that directly target the cause of HFrEF is crucial in order to improve prognosis and quality of life for these patients.
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16
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Sun J, Guo X, Yu P, Liang J, Mo Z, Zhang M, Yang L, Huang X, Hu B, Liu J, Ouyang Y, He M. Vasorin deficiency leads to cardiac hypertrophy by targeting MYL7 in young mice. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:88-98. [PMID: 34854218 PMCID: PMC8742182 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vasorin (VASN) is an important transmembrane protein associated with development and disease. However, it is not clear whether the death of mice with VASN deficiency (VASN-/- ) is related to cardiac dysfunction. The aim of this research was to ascertain whether VASN induces pathological cardiac hypertrophy by targeting myosin light chain 7 (MYL7). VASN-/- mice were produced by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and inbreeding. PCR amplification, electrophoresis, real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to confirm VASN deficiency. Cardiac hypertrophy was examined by blood tests, histological analysis and real-time PCR, and key downstream factors were identified by RNA sequencing and real-time PCR. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy analysis were used to confirm the downregulation of MYL7 production and cardiac structural changes. Our results showed that sudden death of VASN-/- mice occurred 21-28 days after birth. The obvious increases in cardiovascular risk, heart weight and myocardial volume and the upregulation of hypertrophy marker gene expression indicated that cardiac hypertrophy may be the cause of death in young VASN-/- mice. Transcriptome analysis revealed that VASN deficiency led to MYL7 downregulation, which induced myocardial structure abnormalities and disorders. Our results revealed a pathological phenomenon in which VASN deficiency may lead to cardiac hypertrophy by downregulating MYL7 production. However, more research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Sun
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinning Liang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhongxiang Mo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lichao Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuejing Huang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiajuan Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiqiang Ouyang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Min He
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, China
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17
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A Review of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cardiac Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194430. [PMID: 34640448 PMCID: PMC8509789 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular and molecular mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis are highly complex. We have reviewed the literature that covers the effectors, signal transduction and physiopathogenesis concerning extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation and atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation (AF). At the molecular level: angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-β1, inflammation, and oxidative stress are particularly important for ECM dysregulation and atrial fibrotic remodelling in AF. We conclude that the Ang-II-MAPK and TGF-β1-Smad signalling pathways play a major, central role in regulating atrial fibrotic remodelling in AF. The above signalling pathways induce the expression of genes encoding profibrotic molecules (MMP, CTGF, TGF-β1). An important mechanism is also the generation of reactive oxygen species. This pathway induced by the interaction of Ang II with the AT2R receptor and the activation of NADPH oxidase. Additionally, the interplay between cardiac MMPs and their endogenous tissue inhibitors of MMPs, is thought to be critical in atrial ECM metabolism and fibrosis. We also review recent evidence about the role of changes in the miRNAs expression in AF pathophysiology and their potential as therapeutic targets. Furthermore, keeping the balance between miRNA molecules exerting anti-/profibrotic effects is of key importance for the control of atrial fibrosis in AF.
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18
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Meijles DN, Cull JJ, Cooper ST, Markou T, Hardyman MA, Fuller SJ, Alharbi HO, Haines ZH, Alcantara-Alonso V, Glennon PE, Sheppard MN, Sugden PH, Clerk A. The anti-cancer drug dabrafenib is not cardiotoxic and inhibits cardiac remodelling and fibrosis in a murine model of hypertension. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1631-1647. [PMID: 34296750 PMCID: PMC8302807 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Raf kinases signal via extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) to drive cell division. Since activating mutations in BRAF (B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) are highly oncogenic, BRAF inhibitors including dabrafenib have been developed for cancer. Inhibitors of ERK1/2 signalling used for cancer are cardiotoxic in some patients, raising the question of whether dabrafenib is cardiotoxic. In the heart, ERK1/2 signalling promotes not only cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and is cardioprotective but also promotes fibrosis. Our hypothesis is that ERK1/2 signalling is not required in a non-stressed heart but is required for cardiac remodelling. Thus, dabrafenib may affect the heart in the context of, for example, hypertension. In experiments with cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts and perfused rat hearts, dabrafenib inhibited ERK1/2 signalling. We assessed the effects of dabrafenib (3 mg/kg/d) on male C57BL/6J mouse hearts in vivo. Dabrafenib alone had no overt effects on cardiac function/dimensions (assessed by echocardiography) or cardiac architecture. In mice treated with 0.8 mg/kg/d angiotensin II (AngII) to induce hypertension, dabrafenib inhibited ERK1/2 signalling and suppressed cardiac hypertrophy in both acute (up to 7 d) and chronic (28 d) settings, preserving ejection fraction. At the cellular level, dabrafenib inhibited AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, reduced expression of hypertrophic gene markers and almost completely eliminated the increase in cardiac fibrosis both in interstitial and perivascular regions. Dabrafenib is not overtly cardiotoxic. Moreover, it inhibits maladaptive hypertrophy resulting from AngII-induced hypertension. Thus, Raf is a potential therapeutic target for hypertensive heart disease and drugs such as dabrafenib, developed for cancer, may be used for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N. Meijles
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AS, U.K
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, U.K
| | - Joshua J. Cull
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AS, U.K
| | - Susanna T.E. Cooper
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, U.K
| | - Thomais Markou
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AS, U.K
| | | | - Stephen J. Fuller
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AS, U.K
| | - Hajed O. Alharbi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AS, U.K
| | - Zoe H.R. Haines
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, U.K
| | | | - Peter E. Glennon
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, University Hospital Cardiology Department, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, U.K
| | - Mary N. Sheppard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, U.K
- CRY Cardiovascular Pathology Department, St. George's University of London, London, U.K
- St. George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, London, U.K
| | - Peter H. Sugden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AS, U.K
| | - Angela Clerk
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AS, U.K
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Li J, Ding H, Li Y, Zhou H, Wang W, Mei Y, Zhang R. Alarin alleviated cardiac fibrosis via attenuating oxidative stress in heart failure rats. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1079-1089. [PMID: 34089389 PMCID: PMC8241797 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study was to explore whether alarin could alleviate heart failure (HF) and attenuate cardia fibrosis via inhibiting oxidative stress. The fibrosis of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) was induced by angiotensin (Ang) II. HF models were induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery to cause ischemia myocardial infarction (MI) in Sprague–Dawley rats. Alarin (1.0 nM/kg/d) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection for 28 days. The decreases of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), the maximum of the first differentiation of LV pressure (LV ± dp/dtmax) and LV systolic pressure (LVSP), and the increases of LV volume in systole (LVVS), LV volume in diastole (LVVD), LV end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) in MI rats were improved by alarin treatment. The increases in the expression levels of collagen I, collagen III, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were inhibited by alarin treatment in CFs and in the hearts of MI rats. The levels of NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity, superoxide anions and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased, and the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was reduced in Ang II-treated CFs, which were reversed by alarin. Nox1 overexpression reversed the effects of alarin on attenuating the increases of collagen I, collagen III and TGF-β expression levels induced by Ang II in CFs. These results indicated that alarin improved HF and cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting oxidative stress in HF rats. Nox1 played important roles in the regulation of alarin effects on attenuating CFs fibrosis induced by Ang II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Mei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ronglin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Apelin-13 alleviated cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway to attenuate oxidative stress in rats with myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222454. [PMID: 32207519 PMCID: PMC7133518 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine whether apelin-13 could attenuate cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway to inhibit reactive oxygen species in heart failure (HF) rats. HF models were established by inducing ischemia myocardial infarction (MI) through ligation of the left anterior descending artery in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. MI-induced changes in hemodynamics and cardiac function were reversed by apelin-13 administration. The increases in the levels of collagen I, collagen III, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the heart of MI rats and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) treated with angiotensin (Ang) II were inhibited by apelin-13. The levels of PI3K and p-Akt increased in Ang II-treated CFs, and these increases were blocked by apelin-13. The PI3K overexpression reversed the effects of apelin-13 on Ang II-induced increases in collagen I, collagen III, α-SMA, and TGF-β, NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anions in CFs. Apelin-13 reduced the increases in the levels of NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anions in the heart of MI rats and CFs with Ang II treatment. The results demonstrated that apelin-13 improved cardiac dysfunction, impaired cardiac hemodynamics, and attenuated fibrosis of CFs induced by Ang II via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to inhibit oxidative stress.
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21
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Dmour BA, Miftode RS, Iliescu Halitchi D, Anton-Paduraru DT, Iliescu Halitchi CO, Miftode IL, Mitu O, Costache AD, Stafie CS, Costache II. Latest Insights into Mechanisms behind Atrial Cardiomyopathy: It Is Not always about Ventricular Function. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030449. [PMID: 33807827 PMCID: PMC8001077 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) represents a constantly evolving concept, with increasing importance in contemporary research and clinical practice. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in atrial remodeling and its clinical correlations especially with atrial fibrillation (AF) and other cardiometabolic comorbidities may induce a significant impact on the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic approach of ACM-related comorbidities. Although initially described several decades ago, investigators have only recently highlighted that several renal, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases are determining factors for atrial remodeling and subsequent ACM. Based on data from multiple recent studies, our research emphasizes the correlations between ACM and other coexisting pathologies including cardiovascular, respiratory, or metabolic diseases, with fibrosis being the most incriminated pathophysiological mechanism. In addition to the usual tests, the paraclinical assessment of ACM is increasingly based on the use of various cardiac biomarkers, while the cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has become an increasingly tempting diagnostic too for describing morphofunctional aspects of the heart chambers, with the gadolinium contrast enhanced CMR (LGE-CMR) emerging as a commonly used technique aiming to identify and quantify the precise extent of atrial fibrosis. Further research should be conducted in order to clarify our knowledge regarding atrial remodeling and, therefore, to develop new and improved therapeutic approaches in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca-Ana Dmour
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Radu-Stefan Miftode
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.H.); (O.M.); (A.-D.C.); (I.I.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dan Iliescu Halitchi
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.H.); (O.M.); (A.-D.C.); (I.I.C.)
| | - Dana Teodora Anton-Paduraru
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.T.A.-P.); (C.-O.I.H.)
| | - Codruta-Olimpiada Iliescu Halitchi
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.T.A.-P.); (C.-O.I.H.)
| | - Ionela-Larisa Miftode
- Department of Infectious Diseases (Internal Medicine II), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Mitu
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.H.); (O.M.); (A.-D.C.); (I.I.C.)
| | - Alexandru-Dan Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.H.); (O.M.); (A.-D.C.); (I.I.C.)
| | - Celina-Silvia Stafie
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Irina Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.H.); (O.M.); (A.-D.C.); (I.I.C.)
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Translational insights from single-cell technologies across the cardiovascular disease continuum. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2021; 32:127-135. [PMID: 33667644 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The societal health burden it represents can be reduced by taking preventive measures and developing more effective therapies. Reaching these goals, however, requires a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes leading to and occurring in the diseased heart. In the last 5 years, several biological advances applying single-cell technologies have enabled researchers to study cardiovascular diseases with unprecedented resolution. This has produced many new insights into how specific cell types change their gene expression level, activation status and potential cellular interactions with the development of cardiovascular disease, but a comprehensive overview of the clinical implications of these findings is lacking. In this review, we summarize and discuss these recent advances and the promise of single-cell technologies from a translational perspective across the cardiovascular disease continuum, covering both animal and human studies, and explore the future directions of the field.
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Pharmacological Modulation of Cardiac Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8815349. [PMID: 33488934 PMCID: PMC7790555 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8815349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling describes a series of structural and functional changes in the heart after myocardial infarction (MI). Adverse post-MI cardiac remodeling directly jeopardizes the recovery of cardiac functions and the survival rate in MI patients. Several classes of drugs are proven to be useful to reduce the mortality of MI patients. However, it is an ongoing challenge to prevent the adverse effects of cardiac remodeling. The present review aims to identify the pharmacological therapies from the existing clinical drugs for the treatment of adverse post-MI cardiac remodeling. Post-MI cardiac remodeling is a complex process involving ischemia/reperfusion, inflammation, cell death, and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Thus, the present review included two parts: (1) to examine the basic pathophysiology in the cardiovascular system and the molecular basis of cardiac remodeling and (2) to identify the pathological aspects of cardiac remodeling and the potential of the existing pharmacotherapies. Ultimately, the present review highlights drug repositioning as a strategy to discover effective therapies from the existing drugs against post-MI cardiac remodeling.
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Ding J, Liu S, Qian W, Wang J, Chu C, Wang J, Li K, Yu Y, Xu G, Mao Z, Xiao P, Yu Y, Chen F. Swietenine extracted from Swietenia relieves myocardial hypertrophy induced by isoprenaline in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1343-1351. [PMID: 32686902 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As a traditional plant medicine in tropical areas, Swietenia macrophylla seeds are usually applied for some chronic diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, and so on. Few studies have been carried out to identify the effective elements in seed extract and their indications. In this study, we first investigated the functions of the swietenine, an extract from S. macrophylla seeds, using a model of myocardial hypertrophy induced by isoprenaline (ISO). At cellular level, H9c2 cell hypertrophy was also established through the treatment with ISO. The cardiac pathological remodeling was evaluated by echocardiography and histological analysis. Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of possible hypertrophy-promoting genes. Here, our results indicated that swietenine remarkably attenuated ISO-induced myocardial hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, Akt phosphorylation, ANP and BNP mRNA expression were efficiently decreased. Based on these findings, we concluded that swietenine might be a promising anti-hypertrophic agent against cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ding
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shoubai Liu
- Department of Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Weichun Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyan Chu
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juejin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youjia Yu
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanhong Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengsheng Mao
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingxi Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Sir Runrun Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfang Yu
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Meijles DN, Cull JJ, Markou T, Cooper STE, Haines ZHR, Fuller SJ, O'Gara P, Sheppard MN, Harding SE, Sugden PH, Clerk A. Redox Regulation of Cardiac ASK1 (Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1) Controls p38-MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) and Orchestrates Cardiac Remodeling to Hypertension. Hypertension 2020; 76:1208-1218. [PMID: 32903101 PMCID: PMC7480944 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Systemic hypertension increases cardiac workload causing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased cardiac fibrosis. An underlying feature is increased production of reactive oxygen species. Redox-sensitive ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1) activates stress-regulated protein kinases (p38-MAPK [mitogen-activated protein kinases] and JNKs [c-Jun N-terminal kinases]) and promotes fibrosis in various tissues. Here, we determined the specificity of ASK1 signaling in the heart, with the hypothesis that ASK1 inhibitors may be used to manage fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease. Using immunoblotting, we established that moderate levels of H2O2 activate ASK1 in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and perfused rat hearts. ASK1 was activated during ischemia in adult rat hearts, but not on reperfusion, consistent with activation by moderate (not high) reactive oxygen species levels. In contrast, IL (interleukin)-1β activated an alternative kinase, TAK1 (transforming growth factor–activated kinase 1). ASK1 was not activated by IL1β in cardiomyocytes and activation in perfused hearts was due to increased reactive oxygen species. Selonsertib (ASK1 inhibitor) prevented activation of p38-MAPKs (but not JNKs) by oxidative stresses in cultured cardiomyocytes and perfused hearts. In vivo (C57Bl/6J mice with osmotic minipumps for drug delivery), selonsertib (4 mg/[kg·d]) alone did not affect cardiac function/dimensions (assessed by echocardiography). However, it suppressed hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy resulting from angiotensin II (0.8 mg/[kg·d], 7d), with inhibition of Nppa/Nppb mRNA upregulation, reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and, notably, significant reductions in interstitial and perivascular fibrosis. Our data identify a specific reactive oxygen species→ASK1→p38-MAPK pathway in the heart and establish that ASK1 inhibitors protect the heart from hypertension-induced cardiac remodeling. Thus, targeting the ASK1→p38-MAPK nexus has potential therapeutic viability as a treatment for hypertensive heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Meijles
- From the Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute (D.N.M., S.T.E.C., Z.H.R.H.), St George's University of London, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (D.N.M., J.J.C., T.M., S.J.F., P.H.S., A.C.), St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua J Cull
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (D.N.M., J.J.C., T.M., S.J.F., P.H.S., A.C.), St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomais Markou
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (D.N.M., J.J.C., T.M., S.J.F., P.H.S., A.C.), St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susanna T E Cooper
- From the Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute (D.N.M., S.T.E.C., Z.H.R.H.), St George's University of London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephen J Fuller
- From the Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute (D.N.M., S.T.E.C., Z.H.R.H.), St George's University of London, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (D.N.M., J.J.C., T.M., S.J.F., P.H.S., A.C.), St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter O'Gara
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (P.O., S.E.H.)
| | - Mary N Sheppard
- CRY Cardiovascular Pathology Department (M.N.S.), St George's University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Sian E Harding
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (P.O., S.E.H.)
| | - Peter H Sugden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (D.N.M., J.J.C., T.M., S.J.F., P.H.S., A.C.), St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Clerk
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (D.N.M., J.J.C., T.M., S.J.F., P.H.S., A.C.), St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Reese-Petersen AL, Olesen MS, Karsdal MA, Svendsen JH, Genovese F. Atrial fibrillation and cardiac fibrosis: A review on the potential of extracellular matrix proteins as biomarkers. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:188-203. [PMID: 32205152 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of fibrosis as an underlying pathology in heart diseases is becoming increasingly clear. In recent years, fibrosis has been granted a causative role in heart diseases and is now emerging as a major contributor to Atrial Fibrillation (AF) pathogenesis. AF is the most common arrhythmia encountered in the clinic, but the substrate for AF is still being debated. Consensus in the field is a combination of cardiac tissue remodeling, inflammation and genetic predisposition. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is subject of growing investigation, since measuring circulatory biomarkers of ECM formation and degradation provides both diagnostic and prognostic information. However, fibrosis is not just fibrosis. Each specific collagen biomarker holds information on regulatory mechanisms, as well as information about which section of the ECM is being remodeled, providing a detailed description of cardiac tissue homeostasis. This review entails an overview of the implication of fibrosis in AF, the different collagens and their significance, and the potential of using biomarkers of ECM remodeling as tools for understanding AF pathogenesis and identifying patients at risk for further disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morten S Olesen
- Labratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Jesper H Svendsen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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Azibani F, Pfeffer TJ, Ricke-Hoch M, Dowling W, Pietzsch S, Briton O, Baard J, Abou Moulig V, König T, Berliner D, Libhaber E, Schlothauer S, Anthony J, Lichtinghagen R, Bauersachs J, Sliwa K, Hilfiker-Kleiner D. Outcome in German and South African peripartum cardiomyopathy cohorts associates with medical therapy and fibrosis markers. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:512-522. [PMID: 32064780 PMCID: PMC7160487 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to compare the clinical course of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) cohorts from Germany (G-PPCM) and South Africa (SA-PPCM) with fibrosis-related markers to get insights into novel pathomechanisms of PPCM. METHODS AND RESULTS G-PPCM (n = 79) and SA-PPCM (n = 72) patients and healthy pregnancy-matched women from Germany (n = 56) and South Africa (n = 40) were enrolled. Circulating levels of procollagen type-I (PINP) and type-III (PIIINP) N-terminal propeptides, soluble ST2, galectin-3, and full-length and cleaved osteopontin (OPN) were measured at diagnosis (baseline) and 6 months of follow-up. Both cohorts received standard heart failure therapy while anticoagulation therapy was applied in 100% of G-PPCM but only in 7% of SA-PPCM patients. In G-PPCM patients, baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was lower, and outcome was better (baseline LVEF, 24 ± 8%, full recovery: 52%, mortality: 0%) compared with SA-PPCM patients (baseline LVEF: 30 ± 9%, full recovery: 32%, mortality: 11%; P < 0.05). At baseline, PINP/PIIINP ratio was lower in SA-PPCM and higher in G-PPCM compared with respective controls, whereas total OPN was elevated in both collectives. Cleaved OPN, which increases PIIINP levels, is generated by thrombin and was reduced in patients receiving anticoagulation therapy. High baseline galectin-3, soluble ST2, and OPN levels were associated with poor outcome in all PPCM patients. CONCLUSIONS SA-PPCM patients displayed a more profibrotic biomarker profile, which was associated with a less favourable outcome despite better cardiac function at baseline, compared with G-PPCM patients. Use of bromocriptine and anticoagulation therapy in G-PPCM may counteract fibrosis and may in part be responsible for their better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Azibani
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, 1 Anzio Road, Bag X3 7935, bservatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tobias J Pfeffer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Ricke-Hoch
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wentzel Dowling
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, 1 Anzio Road, Bag X3 7935, bservatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stefan Pietzsch
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Olivia Briton
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, 1 Anzio Road, Bag X3 7935, bservatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Johann Baard
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, 1 Anzio Road, Bag X3 7935, bservatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Valeska Abou Moulig
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias König
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dominik Berliner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Libhaber
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stella Schlothauer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - John Anthony
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ralf Lichtinghagen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, 1 Anzio Road, Bag X3 7935, bservatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
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28
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Sakaguchi T, Takefuji M, Wettschureck N, Hamaguchi T, Amano M, Kato K, Tsuda T, Eguchi S, Ishihama S, Mori Y, Yura Y, Yoshida T, Unno K, Okumura T, Ishii H, Shimizu Y, Bando YK, Ohashi K, Ouchi N, Enomoto A, Offermanns S, Kaibuchi K, Murohara T. Protein Kinase N Promotes Stress-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction Through Phosphorylation of Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor A and Disruption of Its Interaction With Actin. Circulation 2019; 140:1737-1752. [PMID: 31564129 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a complex syndrome that results from structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or blood ejection. Protein phosphorylation is a major and essential intracellular mechanism that mediates various cellular processes in cardiomyocytes in response to extracellular and intracellular signals. The RHOA-associated protein kinase (ROCK/Rho-kinase), an effector regulated by the small GTPase RHOA, causes pathological phosphorylation of proteins, resulting in cardiovascular diseases. RHOA also activates protein kinase N (PKN); however, the role of PKN in cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. METHODS To explore the role of PKNs in heart failure, we generated tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific PKN1- and PKN2-knockout mice by intercrossing the αMHC-CreERT2 line with Pkn1flox/flox and Pkn2flox/flox mice and applied a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction- and angiotensin II-induced heart failure. To identify a novel substrate of PKNs, we incubated GST-tagged myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTFA) with recombinant GST-PKN-catalytic domain or GST-ROCK-catalytic domain in the presence of radiolabeled ATP and detected radioactive GST-MRTFA as phosphorylated MRTFA. RESULTS We demonstrated that RHOA activates 2 members of the PKN family of proteins, PKN1 and PKN2, in cardiomyocytes of mice with cardiac dysfunction. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the genes encoding Pkn1 and Pkn2 (cmc-PKN1/2 DKO) did not affect basal heart function but protected mice from pressure overload- and angiotensin II-induced cardiac dysfunction. Furthermore, we identified MRTFA as a novel substrate of PKN1 and PKN2 and found that MRTFA phosphorylation by PKN was considerably more effective than that by ROCK in vitro. We confirmed that endogenous MRTFA phosphorylation in the heart was induced by pressure overload- and angiotensin II-induced cardiac dysfunction in wild-type mice, whereas cmc-PKN1/2 DKO mice suppressed transverse aortic constriction- and angiotensin II-induced phosphorylation of MRTFA. Although RHOA-mediated actin polymerization accelerated MRTFA-induced gene transcription, PKN1 and PKN2 inhibited the interaction of MRTFA with globular actin by phosphorylating MRTFA, causing increased serum response factor-mediated expression of cardiac hypertrophy- and fibrosis-associated genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that PKN1 and PKN2 activation causes cardiac dysfunction and is involved in the transition to heart failure, thus providing unique targets for therapeutic intervention for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiro Sakaguchi
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (N.W., S.O.)
| | - Tomonari Hamaguchi
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Amano
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsuda
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Eguchi
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sohta Ishihama
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yu Mori
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Yura
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.,Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Unno
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yasuko K Bando
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Molecular Medicine and Cardiology (K.O., N.O.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Molecular Medicine and Cardiology (K.O., N.O.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Pathology (A.E.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (N.W., S.O.)
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Cell Pharmacology (T.H., M.A., Y.Y., K. Kaibuchi), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Departments of Cardiology (T.S., M.T., K. Kato, T.T., S.E., S.I., Y.M., Y.Y., T.Y., K.U., T.O, H.I., Y.S., Y.K.B., T.M.), Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
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Function, Regulation and Biological Roles of PI3Kγ Variants. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090427. [PMID: 31480354 PMCID: PMC6770443 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) γ is the only class IB PI3K member playing significant roles in the G-protein-dependent regulation of cell signaling in health and disease. Originally found in the immune system, increasing evidence suggest a wide array of functions in the whole organism. PI3Kγ occur as two different heterodimeric variants: PI3Kγ (p87) and PI3Kγ (p101), which share the same p110γ catalytic subunit but differ in their associated non-catalytic subunit. Here we concentrate on specific PI3Kγ features including its regulation and biological functions. In particular, the roles of its non-catalytic subunits serving as the main regulators determining specificity of class IB PI3Kγ enzymes are highlighted.
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Scharf GM, Kilian K, Cordero J, Wang Y, Grund A, Hofmann M, Froese N, Wang X, Kispert A, Kist R, Conway SJ, Geffers R, Wollert KC, Dobreva G, Bauersachs J, Heineke J. Inactivation of Sox9 in fibroblasts reduces cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. JCI Insight 2019; 5:126721. [PMID: 31310588 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic scarring drives the progression of heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, the development of specific treatment regimens to counteract fibrosis is of high clinical relevance. The transcription factor SOX9 functions as an important regulator during embryogenesis, but recent data point towards an additional causal role in organ fibrosis. We show here that SOX9 is upregulated in the scar after MI in mice. Fibroblast specific deletion of Sox9 ameliorated MI-induced left ventricular dysfunction, dilatation and myocardial scarring in vivo. Unexpectedly, deletion of Sox9 also potently eliminated persisting leukocyte infiltration of the scar in the chronic phase after MI. RNA-sequencing from the infarct scar revealed that Sox9 deletion in fibroblasts resulted in strongly downregulated expression of genes related to extracellular matrix, proteolysis and inflammation. Importantly, Sox9 deletion in isolated cardiac fibroblasts in vitro similarly affected gene expression as in the cardiac scar and reduced fibroblast proliferation, migration and contraction capacity. Together, our data demonstrate that fibroblast SOX9 functions as a master regulator of cardiac fibrosis and inflammation and might constitute a novel therapeutic target during MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine M Scharf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Research and
| | - Katja Kilian
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julio Cordero
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Andrea Grund
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Research and
| | - Melanie Hofmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natali Froese
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kispert
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Kist
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, and Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kai C Wollert
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Research and.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Coats AJS. Figures of the Heart Failure Association: Professor Dr. med. Johann Bauersachs, Chair of the Clinical Science Section. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:545-548. [PMID: 31069912 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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González A, Ravassa S, López B, Moreno MU, Beaumont J, San José G, Querejeta R, Bayés-Genís A, Díez J. Myocardial Remodeling in Hypertension. Hypertension 2019; 72:549-558. [PMID: 30354762 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa González
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Susana Ravassa
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Begoña López
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - María U Moreno
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Javier Beaumont
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Gorka San José
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.)
| | - Ramón Querejeta
- Division of Cardiology, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastián, Spain (R.Q.)
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.).,Heart Failure Unit and Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain (A.B.-G.).,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.B.-G.)
| | - Javier Díez
- From the Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., J.D.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain (A.G., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.B., G.S.J., A.B.-G., J.D.).,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery (J.D.).,Department of Nephrology (J.D.), University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Chen K, Rekep M, Wei W, Wu Q, Xue Q, Li S, Tian J, Yi Q, Zhang G, Zhang G, Xiao Q, Luo J, Liu Y. Quercetin Prevents In Vivo and In Vitro Myocardial Hypertrophy Through the Proteasome-GSK-3 Pathway. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2019; 32:5-21. [PMID: 29435775 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-018-6771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quercetin, a flavonoid, has been reported to ameliorate cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy. However, the mechanism is not completely understood. In this study, a mechanism related to proteasome-glycogen synthesis kinase 3 (GSK-3) was elucidated in rats and primary neonatal cardiomyocytes. METHODS Rats were subjected to sham or constriction of abdominal aorta surgery groups and treated with or without quercetin for 8 weeks. Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced primary cardiomyocytes were cultured with quercetin treatment or not for 48 h. Echocardiography, real-time RT-PCR, histology, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting were conducted. Proteasome activities were also detected using a fluorescent peptide substrate. RESULTS Echocardiography showed that quercetin prevented constriction of abdominal aorta-induced cardiac hypertrophy and improved the cardiac diastolic function. In addition, quercetin also significantly reduced the Ang II-induced hypertrophic surface area and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA level in primary cardiomyocytes. Proteasome activities were obviously inhibited in the quercetin-treated group both in vivo and in vitro. Quercetin also decreased the levels of proteasome subunit beta type (PSMB) 1, PSMB2, and PSMB5 of the 20S proteasome as well as the levels of proteasome regulatory particle (Rpt) 1 and Rpt4 of the 19S proteasome. In particular, the PSMB5 level in the nucleus was reduced after quercetin treatment. Furthermore, phosphorylated GSK-3α/β (inactivation of GSK-3) was decreased, which means that GSK-3 activity was increased. The phosphorylation levels of upstream AKT (PKB (protein kinase B)) and liver kinase B1/AMP activated protein kinase (LKB1/AMPKα) and those of downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), histone H3, β-catenin, and GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) were reduced after quercetin treatment, while hypertrophy was reversed after treatment with the GSK-3 inhibitor. CONCLUSION In summary, quercetin prevents cardiac hypertrophy, which is related to proteasome inhibition and activation of GSK-3α/β. Upstream (AKT, LKB1/AMPKα) and downstream hypertrophic factors, such as ERK, histone H3, β-catenin, and GATA4, may also be involved.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3/metabolism
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/enzymology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/prevention & control
- Male
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/drug effects
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Proteasome Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Quercetin/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuixiang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
- Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514031, China
| | - Mubarak Rekep
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Institute of Brain Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Qin Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiahui Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Quan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Genshui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Guiping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiandong Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Rouhana S, Farah C, Roy J, Finan A, Rodrigues de Araujo G, Bideaux P, Scheuermann V, Saliba Y, Reboul C, Cazorla O, Aimond F, Richard S, Thireau J, Fares N. Early calcium handling imbalance in pressure overload-induced heart failure with nearly normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:230-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Coppini R, Ferrantini C, Cerbai E. Novel pharmacological approaches for paediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. PROGRESS IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lubbers ER, Price MV, Mohler PJ. Arrhythmogenic Substrates for Atrial Fibrillation in Obesity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1482. [PMID: 30405438 PMCID: PMC6204377 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global obesity rates have nearly tripled since 1975. This obesity rate increase is mirrored by increases in atrial fibrillation (AF) that now impacts nearly 10% of Americans over the age of 65. Numerous epidemiologic studies have linked incidence of AF and obesity and other obesity-related diseases, including hypertension and diabetes. Due to the wealth of epidemiologic data linking AF with obesity-related disease, mechanisms of AF pathogenesis in the context of obesity are an area of ongoing investigation. However, progress has been somewhat slowed by the complex phenotype of obesity; separating the effects of obesity from those of related sequelae is problematic. While the initiation of pathogenic pathways leading to AF varies with disease (including increased glycosylation in diabetes, increased renin angiotensin aldosterone system activation in hypertension, atrial ischemia in coronary artery disease, and sleep apnea) the pathogenesis of AF is united by shared mediators of altered conduction in the atria. We suggest focusing on these downstream mediators of AF in obesity is likely to yield more broadly applicable data. In the context of obesity, AF is driven by the interrelated processes of inflammation, atrial remodeling, and oxidative stress. Obesity is characterized by a constant low-grade inflammation that leads to increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These cytokines contribute to changes in cardiomyocyte excitability. Atrial structural remodeling, including fibrosis, enlargement, and fatty infiltration is a prominent feature of AF and contributes to the altered conduction. Finally, obesity impacts oxidative stress. Within the cardiomyocyte, oxidative stress is increased through both increased production of reactive oxygen species and by downregulation of scavenging enzymes. This increased oxidative stress modulates of cardiomyocyte excitability, increasing susceptibility to AF. Although the initiating insults vary, inflammation, atrial remodeling, and oxidative stress are conserved mechanisms in the pathophysiology of AF in the obese patients. In this review, we highlight mechanisms that have been shown to be relevant in the pathogenesis of AF across obesity-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen R. Lubbers
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Morgan V. Price
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Peter J. Mohler
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Ma J, Yin C, Ma S, Qiu H, Zheng C, Chen Q, Ding C, Lv W. Shensong Yangxin capsule reduces atrial fibrillation susceptibility by inhibiting atrial fibrosis in rats with post-myocardial infarction heart failure. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:3407-3418. [PMID: 30349194 PMCID: PMC6186904 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s182834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Shensong Yangxin (SSYX) capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used widely to treat cardiac arrhythmia. This study aimed to assess whether SSYX prevents atrial fibrillation (AF) after chronic myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure and to determine the underlying mechanisms. Materials and methods The study included 45 male Sprague Dawley rats. The rats underwent MI induction or sham surgery. One week after MI induction surgery, we performed serial echocardiography and administered SSYX capsule to some rats that experienced MI. After 4 weeks of treatment, AF inducibility was assessed with transesophageal programmed electrical stimulation technology. Additionally, multielectrode array assessment, histological analysis, and Western blot analysis were performed. Results AF inducibility was significantly lower in SSYX rats than in MI rats (33.3% vs 73.3%, P<0.05). Additionally, conduction velocities in the left atrium were greater in SSYX rats than in MI rats. Moreover, SSYX decreased left atrial fibrosis, downregulated TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-I, and type I and III collagen expressions, and inhibited the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Conclusion SSYX reduces AF inducibility after MI by improving left atrial conduction function via the inhibition of left atrial fibrosis. It prevents the development of an MI-induced vulnerable substrate for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ma
- Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China, ,
| | - Chunxia Yin
- Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China, ,
| | - Shiyu Ma
- Department of Critical-Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China, ,
| | - Chaoyang Zheng
- Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China, ,
| | - Qiuxiong Chen
- Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China, ,
| | - Chunhua Ding
- Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China, , .,Cardiac Department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace Clinical College of Medicine, Beijing 100049, China,
| | - Weihui Lv
- Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China, ,
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39
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Psoriasis: Which therapy for which patient: Psoriasis comorbidities and preferred systemic agents. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 80:27-40. [PMID: 30017705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease associated with increased risk of comorbidities, such as psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, malignancy, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. These factors have a significant impact on the decision to use one therapy over another. The past decade has seen a paradigm shift in our understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis that has led to identification of new therapeutic targets. Several new drugs have gained approval by the US Food and Drug Administration, expanding the psoriasis armamentarium, but still a large number of patients continue to be untreated or undertreated. Treatment regimens for psoriasis patients should be tailored to meet the specific needs based on disease severity, the impact on quality of life, the response to previous therapies, and the presence of comorbidities. The first article in this continuing medical education series focuses on specific comorbidities and provides insights to choose appropriate systemic treatment in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis.
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40
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Gladka MM, Molenaar B, de Ruiter H, van der Elst S, Tsui H, Versteeg D, Lacraz GP, Huibers MM, van Oudenaarden A, van Rooij E. Single-Cell Sequencing of the Healthy and Diseased Heart Reveals Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein 4 as a New Modulator of Fibroblasts Activation. Circulation 2018; 138:166-180. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.030742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Genome-wide transcriptome analysis has greatly advanced our understanding of the regulatory networks underlying basic cardiac biology and mechanisms driving disease. However, so far, the resolution of studying gene expression patterns in the adult heart has been limited to the level of extracts from whole tissues. The use of tissue homogenates inherently causes the loss of any information on cellular origin or cell type-specific changes in gene expression. Recent developments in RNA amplification strategies provide a unique opportunity to use small amounts of input RNA for genome-wide sequencing of single cells.
Methods:
Here, we present a method to obtain high-quality RNA from digested cardiac tissue from adult mice for automated single-cell sequencing of both the healthy and diseased heart.
Results:
After optimization, we were able to perform single-cell sequencing on adult cardiac tissue under both homeostatic conditions and after ischemic injury. Clustering analysis based on differential gene expression unveiled known and novel markers of all main cardiac cell types. Based on differential gene expression, we could identify multiple subpopulations within a certain cell type. Furthermore, applying single-cell sequencing on both the healthy and injured heart indicated the presence of disease-specific cell subpopulations. As such, we identified cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 as a novel marker for activated fibroblasts that positively correlates with known myofibroblast markers in both mouse and human cardiac tissue. Cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 inhibition in activated fibroblasts treated with transforming growth factor β triggered a greater increase in the expression of genes related to activated fibroblasts compared with control, suggesting a role of cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 in modulating fibroblast activation in the injured heart.
Conclusions:
Single-cell sequencing on both the healthy and diseased adult heart allows us to study transcriptomic differences between cardiac cells, as well as cell type-specific changes in gene expression during cardiac disease. This new approach provides a wealth of novel insights into molecular changes that underlie the cellular processes relevant for cardiac biology and pathophysiology. Applying this technology could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets relevant for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika M. Gladka
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
| | - Bas Molenaar
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
| | - Hesther de Ruiter
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
| | - Stefan van der Elst
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
| | - Hoyee Tsui
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
- Department of Cardiology (D.V., E.v.R.)
| | - Grègory P.A. Lacraz
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
| | - Manon M.H. Huibers
- Department of Pathology (M.M.H.), University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eva van Rooij
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (M.M.G., B.M., H.d.R., S.v.d.E., H.T., D.V., G.P.A.L., A.v.O., E v.R.)
- Department of Cardiology (D.V., E.v.R.)
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41
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Mattila M, Koskenvuo J, Söderström M, Eerola K, Savontaus M. Intramyocardial injection of SERCA2a-expressing lentivirus improves myocardial function in doxorubicin-induced heart failure. J Gene Med 2018; 18:124-33. [PMID: 27203155 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin is an effective anticancer drug. The major limitation to its use is the induction of dose-dependent cardiomyopathy. No specific treatment exists for doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and treatments used for other forms of heart failure have only limited beneficial effects. The contraction-relaxation cycle of the heart is controlled by cytosolic calcium concentrations, which, in turn, are critically regulated by the activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2) (+) ATPase (SERCA2a) pump. We hypothesized that SERCA2a gene transfer would ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. METHODS Lentiviral vectors LV-SERCA2a-GFP and LV-GFP were constructed and in vitro gene transfer of LV-SERCA2a-GFP confirmed SERCA2a expression by western blot analysis. Heart failure was induced by giving a single intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin. LV-SERCA2a-GFP, LV-GFP vectors and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were injected under echocardiographic control to the anterior wall of the left ventricle. RESULTS Echocardiography analyses were performed on the injection day and 28 days postinjection. On the injection day, there were no significant differences in the average ejection fractions (EFs) among SERCA2a (40.0%), GFP (41.1%) and PBS (39.4%) injected animals. On day 28, EF in the SERCA2a group had increased by 16.6 ± 6.7% to 46.4 ± 2.1%. By contrast, EFs in the GFP (40.2 ± 1.3%) and PBS (40.6 ± 1.4%) groups remained at pre-injection levels. In addition, end systolic and end diastolic left ventricle volumes were significantly smaller in the SERCA2a group compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS SERCA2a gene transfer significantly improves left ventricle function and dimensions in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, thus making LV-SERCA2a gene transfer an attractive treatment modality for doxorubicin-induced heart failure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minttu Mattila
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Drug Research Doctoral Program, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Koskenvuo
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mirva Söderström
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kim Eerola
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Drug Research Doctoral Program, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Savontaus
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Heart Centre, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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42
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Rossing K, Gustafsson F. Medical and mechanical unloading in advanced heart failure: hope for cardiac recovery? Eur J Heart Fail 2017; 20:175-177. [PMID: 29164755 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Rossing
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Gustafsson
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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43
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Emami A, Ebner N, von Haehling S. Publishing in a heart failure journal-where lies the scientific interest? ESC Heart Fail 2017; 4:389-401. [PMID: 29131547 PMCID: PMC5695188 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Emami
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicole Ebner
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
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44
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Breitenstein S, Roessig L, Sandner P, Lewis KS. Novel sGC Stimulators and sGC Activators for the Treatment of Heart Failure. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 243:225-247. [PMID: 27900610 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The burden of heart failure (HF) increases worldwide with an aging population, and there is a high unmet medical need in both, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The nitric oxide (NO) pathway is a key regulator in the cardiovascular system and modulates vascular tone and myocardial performance. Disruption of the NO-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling axis and impaired cGMP formation by endothelial dysfunction could lead to vasotone dysregulation, vascular and ventricular stiffening, fibrosis, and hypertrophy resulting in a decline of heart as well as kidney function. Therefore, the NO-cGMP pathway is a treatment target in heart failure. Exogenous NO donors such as nitrates have long been used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases but turned out to be limited by increased oxidative stress and tolerance. More recently, novel classes of drugs were discovered which enhance cGMP production by targeting the NO receptor soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). These compounds, the so-called sGC stimulators and sGC activators, are able to increase the enzymatic activity of sGC to generate cGMP independently of NO and have been developed to target this important signaling cascade in the cardiovascular system.This review will focus on the role of sGC in cardiovascular (CV) physiology and disease and the pharmacological potential of sGC stimulators and sGC activators therein. Preclinical data will be reviewed and summarized, and available clinical data with riociguat and vericiguat, novel direct sGC stimulators, will be presented. Vericiguat is currently being studied in a Phase III clinical program for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
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45
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Lacraz GP, Junker JP, Gladka MM, Molenaar B, Scholman KT, Vigil-Garcia M, Versteeg D, de Ruiter H, Vermunt MW, Creyghton MP, Huibers MM, de Jonge N, van Oudenaarden A, van Rooij E. Tomo-Seq Identifies SOX9 as a Key Regulator of Cardiac Fibrosis During Ischemic Injury. Circulation 2017; 136:1396-1409. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.027832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cardiac ischemic injury induces a pathological remodeling response, which can ultimately lead to heart failure. Detailed mechanistic insights into molecular signaling pathways relevant for different aspects of cardiac remodeling will support the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
Methods:
Although genome-wide transcriptome analysis on diseased tissues has greatly advanced our understanding of the regulatory networks that drive pathological changes in the heart, this approach has been disadvantaged by the fact that the signals are derived from tissue homogenates. Here we used tomo-seq to obtain a genome-wide gene expression signature with high spatial resolution spanning from the infarcted area to the remote to identify new regulators of cardiac remodeling. Cardiac tissue samples from patients suffering from ischemic heart disease were used to validate our findings.
Results:
Tracing transcriptional differences with a high spatial resolution across the infarcted heart enabled us to identify gene clusters that share a comparable expression profile. The spatial distribution patterns indicated a separation of expressional changes for genes involved in specific aspects of cardiac remodeling, such as fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and calcium handling (
Col1a2
,
Nppa
, and
Serca2
). Subsequent correlation analysis allowed for the identification of novel factors that share a comparable transcriptional regulation pattern across the infarcted tissue. The strong correlation between the expression levels of these known marker genes and the expression of the coregulated genes could be confirmed in human ischemic cardiac tissue samples. Follow-up analysis identified SOX9 as common transcriptional regulator of a large portion of the fibrosis-related genes that become activated under conditions of ischemic injury. Lineage-tracing experiments indicated that the majority of COL1-positive fibroblasts stem from a pool of SOX9-expressing cells, and in vivo loss of
Sox9
blunted the cardiac fibrotic response on ischemic injury. The colocalization between SOX9 and COL1 could also be confirmed in patients suffering from ischemic heart disease.
Conclusions:
Based on the exact local expression cues, tomo-seq can serve to reveal novel genes and key transcription factors involved in specific aspects of cardiac remodeling. Using tomo-seq, we were able to unveil the unknown relevance of SOX9 as a key regulator of cardiac fibrosis, pointing to SOX9 as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory P.A. Lacraz
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Jan Philipp Junker
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Monika M. Gladka
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Bas Molenaar
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Koen T. Scholman
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Marta Vigil-Garcia
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Hesther de Ruiter
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Marit W. Vermunt
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Menno P. Creyghton
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Manon M.H. Huibers
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Nicolaas de Jonge
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Alexander van Oudenaarden
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
| | - Eva van Rooij
- From Hubrecht Institute, KNAW (G.P.A.L., J.P.J., M.M.G., B.M., K.T.S., M.V.-G., D.V., H.d.R., M.W.V., M.P.C., A.v.O., E.v.R.), Department of Pathology (M.M.H.H.), Department of Cardiology (N.d.J., E.v.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (J.P.J.)
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46
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Yang YH, Fang HL, Zhao M, Wei XL, Zhang N, Wang S, Lu Y, Yu XJ, Sun L, He X, Li DL, Liu JJ, Zang WJ. Specific α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ameliorates isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodelling in mice through TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:1192-1200. [PMID: 28732106 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hua Yang
- Department of Paediatrics; the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Huan-Le Fang
- Department of Medicine; Medical College of Xi'an Pei Hua University; Xi'an China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Xiang-Lan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy; Xi'an Chest and Tuberculosis Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of Cardiology; the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Dong-Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Jin-Jun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
| | - Wei-Jin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Health Science Centre; Xi'an China
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Varela A, Mavroidis M, Katsimpoulas M, Sfiroera I, Kappa N, Mesa A, Kostomitsopoulos NG, Cokkinos DV. The neuroprotective agent Rasagiline mesylate attenuates cardiac remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction. ESC Heart Fail 2017; 4:331-340. [PMID: 28772050 PMCID: PMC5542732 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Rasagiline mesylate (N-propargyl-1 (R)-aminoindan) (RG) is a selective, potent irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B with cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic properties. We investigated whether it could be cardioprotective in a rat model undergoing experimental myocardial infarction (MI) by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. METHODS AND RESULTS RG was administered, intraperitoneally, for 28 days (2 mg/kg) starting 24 h after MI induction. Echocardiography analysis revealed a significant reduction in left ventricular end-systolic and diastolic dimensions and preserved fractional shortening in RG-treated compared with normal saline group at 28 days post-MI (31.6 ± 2.3 vs. 19.6 ± 1.8, P < 0.0001), respectively. Treatment with RG prevented tissue fibrosis as indicated by interstitial collagen estimation by immunofluorescence staining and hydroxyproline content and attenuated the number of apoptotic myocytes in the border zone (65%) as indicated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Caspase 3 relative protein levels were significantly decreased in the non-infarcted myocardium. Markedly decreased malondialdehyde levels in the border zone indicate a reduction in tissue oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates a positive effect of RG in the post-MI period with a significant attenuation in cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilia Varela
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Mavroidis
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | | | - Irini Sfiroera
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Niki Kappa
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Angelica Mesa
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dennis V Cokkinos
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Athens, Greece
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48
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Suthahar N, Meijers WC, Silljé HHW, de Boer RA. From Inflammation to Fibrosis-Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Myocardial Tissue Remodelling and Perspectives on Differential Treatment Opportunities. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2017; 14:235-250. [PMID: 28707261 PMCID: PMC5527069 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-017-0343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we highlight the most important cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. We also discuss the interplay between inflammation and fibrosis in various precursors of heart failure (HF) and how such mechanisms can contribute to myocardial tissue remodelling and development of HF. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, many research articles attempt to elucidate different aspects of the interplay between inflammation and fibrosis. Cardiac inflammation and fibrosis are major pathophysiological mechanisms operating in the failing heart, regardless of HF aetiology. Currently, novel therapeutic options are available or are being developed to treat HF and these are discussed in this review. A progressive disease needs an aggressive management; however, existing therapies against HF are insufficient. There is a dynamic interplay between inflammation and fibrosis in various precursors of HF such as myocardial infarction (MI), myocarditis and hypertension, and also in HF itself. There is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets and develop advanced therapeutic strategies to combat the syndrome of HF. Understanding and describing the elements of the inflammatory and fibrotic pathways are essential, and specific drugs that target these pathways need to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Suthahar
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter C Meijers
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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49
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Lu D, Wang K, Wang S, Zhang B, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Geng J, Shan Q. Beneficial effects of renal denervation on cardiac angiogenesis in rats with prolonged pressure overload. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:47-57. [PMID: 27575955 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Renal denervation (RDN) has beneficial effects on cardiac remodelling and function in resistant hypertension. We aimed to investigate the impact of RDN on cardiac angiogenesis during prolonged pressure overload. METHODS Cardiac pressure overload was reproduced by transverse aorta constriction (TAC) procedure in adult Sprague Dawley male rats (n = 35). RDN/sham-RDN procedure was performed in surviving rats at 5 weeks after TAC. RESULTS Five weeks post-TAC, transthoracic echocardiography revealed that myocardial hypertrophy occurred in TAC rats, with ejection fraction and fractional shortening not significantly changed. At the end of 10 weeks, cardiac systolic function was preserved in RDN group, but not in sham group. CD31 immunohistochemical staining showed that RDN-treated rats had higher cardiac capillary density than sham rats. However, no significant between-group difference was observed in the kidneys. A decreased protein expression of left ventricle vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was observed in sham group, while RDN attenuated this decrease. Compared with sham, RDN resulted in a higher protein expression of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) in the heart. CONCLUSION Renal denervation benefits cardiac angiogenesis during sustained pressure overload, involving regulation of VEGF and VEGFR2 expression as well as activation of eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Lu
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - K. Wang
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - S. Wang
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - B. Zhang
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Q. Liu
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Q. Zhang
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - J. Geng
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Q. Shan
- Department of Cardiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
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50
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Alfaras I, Di Germanio C, Bernier M, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Lakatta EG, de Cabo R. Pharmacological Strategies to Retard Cardiovascular Aging. Circ Res 2017; 118:1626-42. [PMID: 27174954 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.307475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death in the United States. Traditionally, the effort to prevent cardiovascular disease has been focused on addressing the conventional risk factors, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and high circulating levels of triglycerides. However, recent preclinical studies have identified new approaches to combat cardiovascular disease. Calorie restriction has been reproducibly shown to prolong lifespan in various experimental model animals. This has led to the development of calorie restriction mimetics and other pharmacological interventions capable to delay age-related diseases. In this review, we will address the mechanistic effects of aging per se on the cardiovascular system and focus on the prolongevity benefits of various therapeutic strategies that support cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Alfaras
- From the Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch (I.A., C.D.G., M.B., R.d.C.) and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science (E.G.L.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy (C.D.G.); and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK (A.C., Z.U.)
| | - Clara Di Germanio
- From the Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch (I.A., C.D.G., M.B., R.d.C.) and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science (E.G.L.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy (C.D.G.); and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK (A.C., Z.U.)
| | - Michel Bernier
- From the Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch (I.A., C.D.G., M.B., R.d.C.) and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science (E.G.L.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy (C.D.G.); and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK (A.C., Z.U.)
| | - Anna Csiszar
- From the Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch (I.A., C.D.G., M.B., R.d.C.) and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science (E.G.L.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy (C.D.G.); and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK (A.C., Z.U.)
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- From the Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch (I.A., C.D.G., M.B., R.d.C.) and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science (E.G.L.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy (C.D.G.); and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK (A.C., Z.U.)
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- From the Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch (I.A., C.D.G., M.B., R.d.C.) and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science (E.G.L.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy (C.D.G.); and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK (A.C., Z.U.)
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- From the Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch (I.A., C.D.G., M.B., R.d.C.) and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science (E.G.L.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy (C.D.G.); and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK (A.C., Z.U.).
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