1
|
Rabinowitz R, Pokroy R, Yu Y, Schlesinger M. Activated human T-cells bestow T-cell antigens to non-T-cells by intercellular antigen transfer. Hum Immunol 1998; 59:331-42. [PMID: 9634195 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(98)00029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the appearance of T-cell antigens on B-cells, following in vitro activation of peripheral blood lymphocytes, was analyzed using the following model: Purified T-cell suspensions were activated by exposure to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 3 days, and then incubated for one hour in the presence of cells of either Raji or K562 cells. The expression of T-cell antigens on the cell lines was determined using immunofluorescent F(ab)2 fragments of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Following exposure of the CD19+ Raji cells to activated T lymphocytes, 87.6% of the CD19+ cells coexpressed CD2. A large proportion of the CD19+ cells also expressed CD4, CD5, and CD8 antigens. Similar results were obtained with Raji cells that were prelabeled with calcein AM. In Raji cells, which were rendered CD5+ following incubation with activated T cells, only a negligible level of CD5 mRNA was detected with a sensitive RT-PCR technique, probably attributable to contamination with T cells. K562 cells incubated with activated T cells acquired CD2 but not the CD4 and CD8 antigens. Exposure of either Raji or K562 cells to mAb against CD58 inhibited the transfer of CD2. The present study indicates that following their activation, T-cells gain the capacity to transfer T-cell antigens to non-T cells and that CD2 and CD58 molecules are involved in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Rabinowitz
- The Hubert H. Humphrey Center for Experimental Medicine and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rabinowitz R, Hadar R, Schlesinger M. The appearance of the CD4+CD8+ phenotype on activated T cells: possible role of antigen transfer. Hum Immunol 1997; 55:1-10. [PMID: 9328784 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(97)00073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) strikingly increased the proportion of CD4+CD8+ cells. Highly purified CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte populations cultured in the presence of PHA consistently failed to coexpress the CD8 and CD4 markers. Similarly, exposure of highly purified CD4+ cells to PHA and recombinant interleukin-2 resulted in augmented expression of CD25 but failed to induce the expression of CD8. When purified preparations of either CD4+ or CD8+ cells were activated separately for 3 days and incubated together for an additional 5 h, a considerable proportion of CD4+CD8+ cells was found in the mixture. Cycloheximide treatment did not prevent the appearance of the CD8 marker on CD4 cells. CD4+CD8+ cells isolated from PBL exposed for 3 days to PHA lost their CD8 antigenicity within 24-48 h in the absence of PHA. Increased levels of soluble CD4 and CD8 antigens were found in supernatant fluids of PHA-stimulated cells. T cells failed, however, to bind soluble markers even after prolonged incubation in the presence of supernatant fluids. Our studies show that activation of CD4+ cells per se does not elicit the CD4+CD8+ phenotype and that soluble T cell markers do not bind to T cells. Rather, it seems that direct cell-cell contact is required for the transfer of CD8 molecules from CD8+ cells to the membrane of CD4+ cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Rabinowitz
- Hubert H. Humphrey Center for Experimental Medicine and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
To determine the lymphoid target cells of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in vivo, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) were positively selected (>97% purity) for surface expression of CD4, CD8, or CD20 and then analyzed for SIV provirus using semiquantitative DNA amplification. We found provirus in CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes but none in CD20+ lymphocytes. During acute SIV infection (< or = 214 days postinoculation), the percentage of PBL and LNL CD4+ cells containing proviral DNA ranged from 0.2 to 20% and from 0.2 to 2%, respectively. Proviral burden in the CD8+ population of either PBL or LNL ranged from 0.01 to 0.2%. Virus isolation by cocultivation was positive for both CD4+ and CD8+ purified populations. No difference in proviral burden was observed between PBL and LNL subsets during acute SIV infection. Up to 19.4% of positively selected CD8+ cells also expressed CD4, and thus the provirus may reside within a dual-positive population. This dual-positive population may represent activated lymphocytes that are particularly susceptible to infection and may provide an opportunity for virus entry into the CD8+ CD4- lymphocytes in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G A Dean
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schlesinger M, Rabinowitz R, Levy P, Maayan S. The expression of CD8 on B lymphocytes in HIV-infected individuals. Immunol Lett 1996; 50:23-7. [PMID: 8793555 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2478(96)02510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In HIV-1 infected individuals the CD8 + T lymphocyte population is markedly activated as reflected by increased expression of the CD38 and CD45RO activation markers and elevated serum levels of soluble CD8 antigen. We have previously shown that in vitro activation of peripheral blood lymphocytes results in the appearance of T cell markers on B cells. In the present study B lymphocytes from HIV-1-infected individuals were tested for the expression of the CD8 T cell antigen, using F(ab')2 fragments of antibodies against the CD8 and CD19 antigens. The proportion of CD19 + B cells which co-expressed CD8 was significantly elevated among 55 HIV-infected individuals (7.20 +/- 1.24%, mean +/- S.E.) as compared with among 22 normal controls (3.32 +/- 0.70%). The proportion of CD4 + cells decreased significantly in HIV-infected individuals in accordance with the progression of the infection, but no significant change in the level of CD8 + CD19 + B cells was seen in different stages of the disease. In contrast, the proportion of CD8 + B cells showed a significant correlation with the proportion of CD8 + cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Schlesinger
- Hubert H. Humphrey Center for Experimental Medicine and Cancer Research, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yamada Y, Fujita M, Suzuki H, Atogami S, Sohda H, Murata K, Tsukasaki K, Momita S, Kohno T, Maeda T. Established IL-2-dependent double-negative (CD4- CD8-) TCR alpha beta/CD3+ ATL cells: induction of CD4 expression. Br J Haematol 1994; 88:234-41. [PMID: 7803265 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1994.tb05012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We established IL-2-dependent T cells from an adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) patient whose leukaemic cells changed from CD4 single-positive in the initial phase to double-negative (CD4- CD8-) at the time of exacerbation. The cells termed SO-4 were of ATL cell origin and showed the double-negative TCR alpha beta/CD3+ T-cell phenotype. SO-4 cells acquired CD4 antigen expression following stimulation with concanavalin A (ConA) or immobilized anti-CD3 antibody. The induction was inhibited by herbimycin A, an inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity. No CD4 mRNA was detectable in unstimulated SO-4 cells but a 3.0 kb signal specific for CD4 mRNA was detected after stimulation. These findings indicate that SO-4 cells return to their original phenotype (CD4 single-positive) by stimulation involving PTK. The results indicate that there is a pathway of phenotypic cycling between CD4 single-positive and double-negative T cells.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Benzoquinones
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Southern
- CD3 Complex/blood
- CD4 Antigens/biosynthesis
- CD4 Antigens/drug effects
- CD4 Antigens/genetics
- CD8 Antigens/blood
- Concanavalin A/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor/immunology
- Humans
- Interleukin-2/immunology
- Lactams, Macrocyclic
- Leukemia, T-Cell/blood
- Leukemia, T-Cell/immunology
- Middle Aged
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Quinones/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/analysis
- Rifabutin/analogs & derivatives
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamada
- Department of Haematology, Atomic Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Oudrhiri N, Farcet JP, Gourdin MF, M'Bemba E, Gaulard P, Katz A, Divine M, Galazka A, Reyes F. CD3-T cell receptor modulation is selectively induced in CD8 but not CD4 lymphocytes cultured in agar. Clin Exp Immunol 1990; 82:396-403. [PMID: 2146997 PMCID: PMC1535129 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1990.tb05460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD3-T cell receptor (TcR) complex is central to the immune response. Upon binding by specific ligands, internalized CD3-TcR molecules increase, and either T cell response or unresponsiveness may ensue depending on the triggering conditions. Using semi-solid agar culture, we have shown previously that quiescent CD4 but not CD8 lymphocytes generate clonal colonies under phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. Here we have demonstrated that the agar induces selective CD3-TcR modulation in the CD8 and not in the CD4 subset. CD8 lymphocytes preactivated in liquid culture and recultured in agar with exogenous recombinant interleukin-2 generate colonies with a modulated CD3-TcR surface expression. The peptides composing the CD3-TcR complex are synthesized in CD8 colonies as well as in CD4; however, the CD3 gamma chain is phosphorylated at a higher level in CD8 colonies. A component of the agar polymer, absent in agarose, appears to be the ligand that induces differential CD3-TcR modulation in the CD8 subset. In contrast to agar culture, CD8 colonies can be derived from quiescent CD8 lymphocytes in agarose. These CD8 colonies express unmodulated CD-TcR. CD3-TcR modulation with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody prior to culturing in agarose inhibits the colony formation. We conclude that given triggering conditions can result in both CD3-TcR modulation and inhibition of the proliferative response selectively in the CD8 lymphocyte subset and not in the CD4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Oudrhiri
- INSERM U91, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matsui M, Fukuyama H, Akiguchi I, Kameyama M. Circulating CD4+CD8+ cells in myasthenia gravis: supplementary immunological parameter for long-term prognosis. J Neurol 1989; 236:329-35. [PMID: 2571681 DOI: 10.1007/bf00314374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Twenty patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) were studied prospectively for up to 5 years after thymectomy, in order to clarify the relationships between disease severity, anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (anti-AChR) titres, proportions of circulating CD4+CD8+ cells (CD4+CD8+ cell level) and major lymphocyte subsets. The CD4+CD8+ cell levels were closely related to the clinical change within 1 year after surgery in 8 patients who showed a preoperative elevation in the cell levels. This group of patients consisted of six thymomatous and two non-thymomatous patients; the latter were both negative for anti-AChR. The anti-AChR titres generally changed in parallel with the clinical state in 9 of the 16 patients who were followed up for more than a year after thymectomy, and the CD4+CD8+ cell levels were useful in predicting the clinical course in 6 of the above 9 patients and 3 other patients, including antibody-negative cases. The present study suggests that the CD4+CD8+ cell levels may serve as an indicator for long-term prognosis of MG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Matsui
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kapsenberg ML, Van der Pouw-Kraan T, Stiekema FE, Schootemeijer A, Bos JD. Direct and indirect nickel-specific stimulation of T lymphocytes from patients with allergic contact dermatitis to nickel. Eur J Immunol 1988; 18:977-82. [PMID: 3261248 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830180702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen T lymphocyte clones (TLC) specific for the contact allergen nickel were prepared either from lesional tissue biopsies or from peripheral blood of patients with allergic nickel-contact dermatitis. Two nickel-specific TLC, obtained from lesional tissue, responded to nickel without the participation of antigen-presenting cells (APC). This direct stimulation by nickel was not restricted by major histocompatibility complex-encoded molecules, since antibodies against HLA class I and II molecules did not block nickel-specific proliferation. Proliferation of other nickel-specific TLC was dependent on the presence of APC and was diversely restricted by HLA class II molecules. With one exception, the restriction determinants were present on HLA-DR and HLA-DQ molecules. Four TLC recognized nickel in association with subtypes of these serologically defined molecules. Five TLC seemed to recognize nickel in the context of highly unusual restriction determinants, since their restrictions could not be explained by the function of single polymorphic HLA class II epitopes. The absence of HLA class II restrictions and the occurrence of deviant HLA class II restrictions in part of the nickel-specific TLC are suggested to result from direct interactions of nickel with critical immune response molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Kapsenberg
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oudrhiri N, Farcet JP, Gourdin MF, Divine M, Marolleau JP, Bouguet J, Le Couedic JP, Shaw A, Fradelizi D, Reyes F. Activation by PHA of CD8 lymphocytes into clonal colony forming cells. Role of interleukin-1. J Immunol Methods 1988; 110:241-9. [PMID: 3132508 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(88)90110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal T cell colonies can be grown in agar culture from quiescent T lymphocytes under PHA stimulation, provided that (1) a low number of T lymphocytes (less than or equal to 5 X 10(4)/ml) is seeded, (2) IL-2 is added to the culture, and (3) a high number of accessory B cells (greater than or equal to 5 X 10(5)/ml) is present in contact with the T lymphocytes. Under these culture conditions the colony progenitors can be ascribed to the CD4 subset, whereas CD8 lymphocytes do not generate colonies. This finding is surprising since both CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes may be cloned in liquid culture. We now report the appropriate conditions required to grow cytotoxic CD8 lymphocyte colonies in agar. CD8 colony growth is dependent upon IL-2-IL-2 receptor interaction and is inhibited by anti-IL-2 receptor antibodies. In addition to PHA, accessory B cells and IL-2, an additional signal provided by recombinant IL-1 is necessary for CD8 colony formation. Exogenous IL-1 can be replaced by irradiated CD4 lymphocytes which stimulate the expression of membrane IL-1 activity in the accessory B cells. In addition, colony growth from quiescent but not preactivated CD8 lymphocytes is inhibited by anti-IL-1 antibodies. Altogether, the data show that an IL-1 signal is required for the induction of IL-2 responsive IL-2 receptors on quiescent CD8 colony forming cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Oudrhiri
- INSERM U.91, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Functional analysis of CD8 lymphocytes in long-term surviving patients after bone marrow transplantation. J Clin Immunol 1988; 8:140-7. [PMID: 2967308 DOI: 10.1007/bf00917902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of T-cell populations after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is characterized by a persistent expansion of CD8 lymphocytes. Previously, we have shown that beyond 1 year posttransplantation the CD8 lymphocytes consist, to a large extent, of CD8+ HNK1+ cells that suppress, like normal CD8 lymphocytes, immunoglobulin production in vitro. We have further investigated the functional capabilities of CD8 lymphocytes, mostly HNK1+ (from 50 to 77%), in seven long-term BMT patients. As normal, patient CD8 lymphocytes do not suppress (1) phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor expression and IL2 responsiveness by normal T cells or (2) the mixed lymphocyte reaction of donor cells. Also as normal, patient CD8 lymphocytes can be activated into potent cytotoxic effectors. Therefore, under the present experimental conditions, the increase in the absolute number of CD8 lymphocytes in the long-term BMT patients is characterized by an expansion of the CD8+ HNK1+-cell subpopulation and a normal suppressor/cytotoxic potential on a per-CD8+ cell basis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Mukhopadhyaya R, Advani SH, Gangal SG. Functional evaluation of T-lymphocytes from peripheral blood and spleens in Hodgkin's disease. Br J Cancer 1987; 56:800-2. [PMID: 2829954 PMCID: PMC2002398 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1987.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Mukhopadhyaya
- Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Bombay, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pedersen A, Nolsøe C, Röpke C, Claësson MH. Colony formation by subpopulations of human T lymphocytes. VI. Further studies on colony phenotype, function, and cloning efficiency. Cell Immunol 1987; 109:407-18. [PMID: 3499234 DOI: 10.1016/0008-8749(87)90323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced colony formation in semisolid agar medium by human peripheral blood T lymphocytes showed an increasing cloning efficiency with decreasing numbers of cultured cells. Ninety percent of CD4+ cells (inducer/helper phenotype) and 20% of CD8+ cells (cytotoxic/suppressor phenotype) formed colonies when cultured at 10-200 cells/ml culture in the presence of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and a source of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Probably all T-colony-forming cells, but none of the subsequent colony cells, expressed the Leu-8 antigen. The cloning efficiencies of FACS-sorted cells expressing the natural killer antigenic phenotypes Leu-7+ and CD16+ were found to be less than 1%. The costimulatory effect of red blood cells for colony formation was specific for SRBC and not observed in the presence of red cells obtained from seven other species including man. All T-lymphocyte colonies obtained from unseparated peripheral blood mononuclear cells expressed the CD25 antigen (IL-2 receptor) and colonies were always composed of either CD4+ or CD8+ cells. None of the colony cells expressed the Leu-8 or the CD16 antigens. By their specific morphology in agar culture the majority of colonies composed of CD4+ cells were easily recognized, but but approximately one-third of the CD4+ colonies could not be distinguished from colonies composed of CD8+ cells. On expansion of individual colonies in liquid subculture in the presence of interleukin-2, approximately 15% of the colonies developed natural killer (NK)-like cytotoxic activity, being capable of direct killing of K562 tumor cells. It is concluded that the present method for growing human T colonies exhibits the same cloning efficiency as the most efficient liquid culture systems. Individual T colonies are composed exclusively of T inducer/helper or T cytotoxic/suppressor cells, they are never of mixed phenotype, and they do not contain cells of natural killer phenotype. Regulatory mechanisms influencing colony formation are operating between and within the various subsets of T lymphocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Pedersen
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and Immunology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Creemers PC. Determination of co-expression of activation antigens on proliferating CD4+, CD4+ CD8+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets by dual parameter flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods 1987; 97:165-71. [PMID: 2950175 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(87)90456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of activation markers on proliferating CD4+, CD4+ CD8+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets was determined in a single laser Epics-C fluorescence-activated cell sorter system, using a series of double staining combinations. Experiments were performed after 3 days of culture with PHA on cell fractions enriched for CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocytes before initiation of culture. The percentage of CD4+, CD4+ CD8+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the total population was determined using double staining with Leu3 PE for the detection of CD4+ cells, and Leu2 FITC for the detection of CD8+ cells. Next, double stainings with Leu3 and Leu2 antibodies conjugated with PE and antibodies directed against activation markers (M) IL-2 receptor, transferrin receptor, HLA-DR antigen and CALLA conjugated with FITC were performed, using the following combinations: Leu3 and Leu2/M, Leu3/M and Leu2/M. The expression of activation markers on CD4+ CD8+ lymphocytes was calculated from the results. Our findings indicate that CALLA is expressed on most CD4+ and all CD4+ CD8+ cells, and on a small percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes; the IL-2 receptor was expressed on most CD4+ cells, on approximately three-quarters of CD4+ CD8+ cells and half the CD8+ cells; HLA-DR was expressed on a small percentage of CD4+ cells, all CD4+ CD8+ cells and half of CD8+ cells. The transferrin receptor was almost exclusively expressed on CD4+ CD8+ cells. The standard deviation of the calculated values did not exceed 13% and this analysis can generally be applied to determine the co-expression of a third marker in a mixture of single and double stained cells using conventional methods.
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Sprent
- Department of Immunology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California 92037
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ottenhoff TH, Elferink DG, Klatser PR, de Vries RR. Cloned suppressor T cells from a lepromatous leprosy patient suppress Mycobacterium leprae reactive helper T cells. Nature 1986; 322:462-4. [PMID: 2426597 DOI: 10.1038/322462a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. A characteristic feature of the disease is its remarkable spectrum of clinical symptoms correlating with the cellular immune responsiveness of the patient. At one pole of this spectrum are tuberculoid patients displaying both acquired cell-mediated immunity and delayed type hypersensitivity against the bacillus. At the other pole are lepromatous patients which show a specific T-cell unresponsiveness against M. leprae. In between those two poles variable degrees of tuberculoid and lepromatous features may be seen in borderline leprosy patients. Thus far, studies on the mechanism of the antigen specific unresponsiveness in lepromatous leprosy have been contradictory and difficult to interpret, probably because of the use of heterogeneous cell populations in those experiments. We have now succeeded in cloning M. leprae stimulated T-helper (TH) as well as T-suppressor (TS) cells from a borderline lepromatous patient. The TS-clones of this patient specifically suppress responses of peripheral TH cells as well as TH clones induced by both M. leprae and other mycobacteria, but not unrelated antigen or mitogen. These TS cells also completely suppress TH cell responses against a M. leprae specific protein with a relative molecular mass of 36,000 (36K), suggesting the presence of a suppression inducing determinant on this 36K M. leprae protein.
Collapse
|