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Bernt F, Leonhardt CM, Schatz D, Wegner HA. Synthesis and investigation of a meta[6]cycloparaphenylene gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3055-3058. [PMID: 38381535 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06225b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Meta[n]cycloparaphenylenes (m[n]CPPs) as well as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) gold(I)-complexes are intriguing building blocks for material and life sciences due to their extraordinary structures resulting in unique photophysical properties. Herein, we report the combination of a m[6]CPP with a N-heterocyclic carbene serving as a ligand in a linear gold(I)-complex possessing the form [AuBr(NHC)]. Solid-state structures of both the precursor and the complex are presented and discussed. Moreover, we investigated the luminescence properties of both the imidazolium intermediate and the corresponding gold(I)-complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bernt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany.
- Centre for Materials Research (ZfM/LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Christopher M Leonhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany.
- Centre for Materials Research (ZfM/LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Dominic Schatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany.
- Centre for Materials Research (ZfM/LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany.
- Centre for Materials Research (ZfM/LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
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2
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Hung CH, Zheng WY, Lee HM. Palladium Complexes with Phenoxy- and Amidate-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Based on 3-Phenylimidazo[1,5- a]pyridine: Synthesis and Catalytic Application in Mizoroki–Heck Coupling Reactions with Ortho-Substituted Aryl Chlorides. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hau Hung
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan
| | - Hon Man Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan
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3
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Pyridine-Chelated Imidazo[1,5-a]Pyridine N-Heterocyclic Carbene Nickel(II) Complexes for Acrylate Synthesis from Ethylene and CO2. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10070758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel(II) dichloride complexes with a pyridine-chelated imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylidene py-ImPy ligand were developed as novel catalyst precursors for acrylate synthesis reaction from ethylene and carbon dioxide (CO2), a highly promising sustainable process in terms of carbon capture and utilization (CCU). Two types of ImPy salts were prepared as new C,N-bidentate ligand precursors; py-ImPy salts (3, 4a–4e) having a pyridine group at C(5) on ImPy and a N-picolyl-ImPy salt (10) having a picolyl group at N atom on ImPy. Nickel(II) complexes such as py-ImPyNi(II)Cl2 (7, 8a–8e) and N-picolyl-ImPyNi(II)Cl2 (12) were synthesized via transmetalation protocol from silver(I) complexes, py-ImPyAgCl (5, 6a–6e) and N-picolyl-ImPyAgCl (11). X-ray diffraction analysis of nickel(II) complexes (7, 8b, 12) showed a monomeric distorted tetrahedral geometry and a six-membered chelate ring structure. py-ImPy ligands formed a more planar six-membered chelate with the nickel center than did N-picolyl-ImPy ligand. py-ImPyNi(II)Cl2 complexes (8a–8e) with tert-butyl substituents exhibited noticeable catalytic activity in acrylate synthesis from ethylene and CO2 (up to 108% acrylate). Interestingly, the use of additional additives including monodentate phosphines increased catalytic activity up to 845% acrylate (TON 8).
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4
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Vanicek S, Beerhues J, Bens T, Levchenko V, Wurst K, Bildstein B, Tilset M, Sarkar B. Oxidative access via aqua regia to an electrophilic, mesoionic dicobaltoceniumyltriazolylidene gold(III) catalyst. Organometallics 2019; 38:4383-4386. [PMID: 31844348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A gold(III) complex with the hitherto most electron poor mesoionic carbene ligand is presented. Aqua regia was the oxidizing agent of choice for the synthesis of this unusual organometallic compound. The AuIII complex is redox-rich, and also acts as a catalyst for oxazole formation, delivering selectively a completely different isomer compared to its AuI congener.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vanicek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, 0315, Norway
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Bens
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Levchenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, 0315, Norway
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benno Bildstein
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, 0315, Norway
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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5
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Gründlinger P, Györök M, Wolfmayr S, Breuer T, Primetzhofer D, Bruckner B, Monkowius U, Wagner T. Aggregation of Au(i)-complexes on amorphous substrates governed by aurophilicity. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14712-14723. [PMID: 31539005 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03049b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In single crystals of 2-naphthylisonitrile-gold(i)-halide (halide = Cl, Br, I) complexes, AuAu distances are found to be significantly shorter than twice the van der Waals radius, indicating attractive interactions between gold atoms in adjacent molecules. In the particular case of the studied 2-naphthylisonitrile-gold(i) complexes, homodimers are the common structural motifs, in which the linearly coordinated gold exhibits a crossed swords arrangement with the Au atoms of two molecules being at the intersection point. The crossed swords motif is preserved upon physical vapour deposition of both the chlorine and bromine derivatives on amorphous substrates like glass and glassy carbon. The determined activation energies of desorption for the chlorine (0.9 eV) and the bromine (1.2 eV) derivative are comparable to that of unsubstituted naphthalene. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ion scattering (RBS), we confirmed the chemical integrity of the molecules in thin films and revealed the orientation of the crossed swords dimers with respect to the substrate surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Gründlinger
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Experimental Physics, Surface Science Division, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
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6
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Dong J, Li M, Wang B. Synthesis, Structures, and Norbornene Polymerization Behavior of Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-sulfonate-Ligated Palladacycles. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Minliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Baiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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7
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Zhang JQ, Liu Y, Wang XW, Zhang L. Synthesis of Chiral Bifunctional NHC Ligands and Survey of Their Utilities in Asymmetric Gold Catalysis. Organometallics 2019; 38:3931-3938. [PMID: 34290468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of the chiral bifunctional NHC ligands based on the imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine (ImPy) scaffold are described. These ligands possess a fluxional biaryl axis and a chiral center. The configurational stability of the biaryl axis in their gold(I) complexes is investigated. The application of these axially chiral ImPy-based AuCl complexes in a series of gold catalysis is explored, and varying degrees of asymmetric induction are observed. In most cases, the ligand (aS,R)-L8-H with its cyclohexyl group pointing to the reaction site and hence exerting asymmetric steric influence is more effective in asymmetric induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yunkui Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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8
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Hamze R, Shi S, Kapper SC, Muthiah Ravinson DS, Estergreen L, Jung MC, Tadle AC, Haiges R, Djurovich PI, Peltier JL, Jazzar R, Bertrand G, Bradforth SE, Thompson ME. "Quick-Silver" from a Systematic Study of Highly Luminescent, Two-Coordinate, d 10 Coinage Metal Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8616-8626. [PMID: 31062972 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study is presented on the physical and photophysical properties of isoelectronic and isostructural Cu, Ag, and Au complexes with a common amide (N-carbazolyl) and two different carbene ligands (i.e., CAAC = (5 R,6 S)-2-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-6-isopropyl-3,3,9-trimethyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decan-2-ylidene, MAC = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4-keto-tetrahydropyridylidene). The crystal structures of the (carbene)M(I)(N-carbazolyl) (MCAAC) and (MAC)M(I)(N-carbazolyl) (MMAC) complexes show coplanar carbene and carbzole ligands and C-M-N bond angles of ∼180°. The electrochemical properties and energies for charge transfer (CT) absorption and emission compounds are not significantly affected by the choice of metal ion. All six of the (carbene)M(Cz) complexes examined here display high photoluminescence quantum yields of 0.8-1.0. The compounds have short emission lifetimes (τ = 0.33-2.8 μs) that fall in the order Ag < Au < Cu, with the lifetimes of (carbene)Ag(Cz) roughly a factor of 10 shorter than for (carbene)Cu(Cz) complexes. Detailed temperature-dependent photophysical measurements (5-325 K) were carried out to determine the singlet and triplet emission lifetimes (τfl and τph, respectively) and the energy difference between the singlet and triplet excited state, Δ ES1-T1. The τfl values range between 20 and 85 ns, and the τph values are in the 50-200 μs regime. The emission at room temperature is due exclusively to E-type delayed fluorescence or TADF (i.e., T1→ΔS1→S0+hν ). The emission rate at room temperature is fully governed by Δ ES1-T1, with the silver complexes giving Δ ES1-T1 values of 150-180 cm-1 (18-23 meV), whereas the gold and copper complexes give values of 570-590 cm-1 (70-73 meV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Hamze
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Shuyang Shi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Savannah C Kapper
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | | | - Laura Estergreen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Moon-Chul Jung
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Abegail C Tadle
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Ralf Haiges
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Peter I Djurovich
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Jesse L Peltier
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093-0358 , United States
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093-0358 , United States
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093-0358 , United States
| | - Stephen E Bradforth
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Mark E Thompson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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9
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Azouzi K, Duhayon C, Benaissa I, Lugan N, Canac Y, Bastin S, César V. Bidentate Iminophosphorane-NHC Ligand Derived from the Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylidene Scaffold. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Azouzi
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse,
CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Carine Duhayon
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse,
CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Idir Benaissa
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse,
CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse,
CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Yves Canac
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse,
CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Stéphanie Bastin
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse,
CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Vincent César
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse,
CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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10
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Gómez-Suárez A, Nelson DJ, Nolan SP. Quantifying and understanding the steric properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:2650-2660. [PMID: 28203667 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00255f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This Feature Article presents and discusses the use of different methods to quantify and explore the steric impact of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. These include (a) the percent buried volume (%Vbur), which provides a convenient single number to measure steric impact and (b) steric maps, which provide a graphical representation of the steric profile of a ligand using colour-coded contour maps. A critical discussion of the scope and limitations of these tools is presented, along with some examples of their use in organometallic chemistry and catalysis. This Article should provide all users of NHCs, from organic, organometallic, and inorganic chemistry backgrounds, with an appreciation of how these tools can be used to quantify and compare their steric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organic Chemistry Institute, WWU Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - David J Nelson
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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11
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N-Heterocyclic Carbene Coinage Metal Complexes Containing Naphthalimide Chromophore: Design, Structure, and Photophysical Properties. INORGANICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics5030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel N-heterocyclic carbene coinage metal complexes containing a naphthalimide (NI) chromophore has been prepared and fully characterized. Two types of molecules are described those where the NI unit is directly attached to the carbene unit with the general formulae [(L1)–M–X], M = Cu, X = Cl (1a); M = Ag, X = I (1b) and M = Au, X = Cl, (1c). While in the second family, a π-extended carbene ligand precursor L2–H+I− (3) was prepared where the NI unit is distant from the imidazole unit via a phenyl-alkyne bridge. Only two N-heterocyclic carbene metal complexes were prepared [(L2)–M–Cl], M = Cu (2a) and M = Au (2c). The related silver carbene compound could not be isolated. The molecular structure of the carbene complex 1c was determined and confirmed the formation of the target compound. Interestingly, the structure shows the presence of an aurophilic interaction Au···Au at 3.407 Å between two individual molecules. The photophysical properties of the compounds were investigated in solution at room temperature. Preliminary results suggested that all compounds are luminescent and act as blue emitters (420–451 nm). These transition emissions can be attributed to the intraligand origin of the NI chromphore. Moreover, the carbene complexes featuring L2 ligand with π-extended system were found to be more luminescent.
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12
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Hettmanczyk L, Spall SJP, Klenk S, van der Meer M, Hohloch S, Weinstein JA, Sarkar B. Structural, Electrochemical, and Photochemical Properties of Mono- and Digold(I) Complexes Containing Mesoionic Carbenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Sinja Klenk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Margarethe van der Meer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
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13
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Möller A, Bleckenwegner P, Monkowius U, Mohr F. Gold(I)alkynyl complexes decorated with chromophores: Structural, photophysical and computational studies. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Molteni R, Edkins K, Haehnel M, Steffen A. C–H Activation of Fluoroarenes: Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescence Properties of Copper(I) and Gold(I) Complexes Bearing 2-Phenylpyridine Ligands. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Molteni
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Edkins
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Haehnel
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Structural and photophysical characterization of gold(I) complexes bearing naphthyl chromophores. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Imran M, Mix A, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Monkowius U, Gründlinger P, Mitzel NW. Hemi- and holo-directed lead(II) complexes in a soft ligand environment. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:924-37. [PMID: 25104214 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01406e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the geometry and stereochemical activity of the lone pair at the lead atom, lead(ii) complexes () with one tripodal (L(1)), one dipodal (L(2)) boron-centred soft ligand and eight other small soft heterocyclic ligands, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (L(3)), 2-mercapto-5-methylbenzimidazole (L(4)), 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (L(5)H), 3-mercapto-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole (L(6)), 2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (L(7)H), 2-mercapto-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (L(8)H), 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole (L(9)H) and 2-mercapto-4-phenylthiazole (L(10)H) were prepared. The structures of these complexes were elucidated on the basis of X-ray crystallography, elemental analyses as well as (1)H NMR, (1)H DOSY, (13)C NMR and (207)Pb NMR spectroscopy. The coordination numbers of these complexes vary from 4 to 8. The majority of the complexes are polymeric and possess a hemi-directed environment around the lead atoms. Solution studies revealed that most of the complexes are dissociated in highly polar solvents. Most of the complexes are emissive both under ambient conditions and at 77 K in the solid state. However, no obvious relationship between their solid state structures and luminescence behaviour with respect to the nature of the excited state could be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Universität Bielefeld, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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17
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Kriechbaum M, Otte D, List M, Monkowius U. Facile oxidation of NHC-Au(i) to NHC-Au(iii) complexes by CsBr3. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:8781-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00695j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CsBr3was investigated as a new and convenient oxidant for NHC-Au(i) complexes for the preparation of the respective Au(iii) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Kriechbaum
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Daniela Otte
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Manuela List
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Uwe Monkowius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University Linz
- 4040 Linz, Austria
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