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Naik S, Scottwell SØ, Li HL, Leong CF, D'Alessandro DM, Field LD. Dinuclear acetylide-bridged ruthenium(ii) complexes with rigid non-aromatic spacers. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2687-2695. [PMID: 32048664 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04856a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rigid dinuclear ruthenium complexes containing non-aromatic caged and polycyclic spacer groups were synthesised and characterised. The complexes, [trans,trans-{Ru(dmpe)2(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CtBu)}2(μ-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-X-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)], where X = 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (C8H12) or 1,12-p-carborane (p-C2B10H10), were formed via the metathesis of terminal organic bisacetylenes with the methylruthenium complex, [trans-Ru(dmpe)2(CH3)(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CtBu)], under mild conditions. Electrochemical studies demonstrated electronic interactions across the non-aromatic caged and polycyclic spacers was less than in the analogous complex with an aromatic spacer group, [trans,trans-{Ru(dmpe)2(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CtBu)}2(μ-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-p-C6H4-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)]. Mononuclear complexes, [trans-Ru(dmpe)2(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CtBu)(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-X-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CH)], were also synthesised. [trans-Ru(dmpe)2(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CtBu)(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-C8H12-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CH)] and [trans,trans-{Ru(dmpe)2(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CtBu)}2(μ-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-p-C2B10H10-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)] were structurally characterised by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Naik
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | | | - Hsiu L Li
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Chanel F Leong
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Deng C, Hu P, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang W. Theoretical studies on the mechanism of Ru(ii)-catalyzed regioselective C-H allylation of indoles with allyl alcohols. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9181-9186. [PMID: 31149684 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01674k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The reaction mechanism of the Ru(ii)-catalyzed regioselective C-H allylation of indoles with allyl alcohols has been studied by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This reaction mechanism involves five major steps: deprotonation of amide-NH, arene C-H activation, allyl alcohol insertion, β-OH elimination and protonation. Our calculation results indicate that C2-H bond allylation is better than C7-H bond allylation, which can be attributed to the stronger nucleophilicity of C2 compared to C7 in the C-Ru bond insertion of indole substrates. Furthermore, we also suggest that C-Ru bond insertion is more favorable than N-Ru bond insertion, which can be attributed to the different hybridization states of the relevant carbon and nitrogen atoms. Meanwhile, we also illustrate that the substrate cinnamyl alcohol cannot give the desired product due to the steric hindrance of the phenyl ring in cinnamyl alcohol with the indole skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.
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Chen G, Zhou W, Zhao C, Liu Y, Chen T, Li Y, Tang B. Rationally Optimized Fluorescent Probe for Imaging Mitochondrial SO2 in HeLa Cells and Zebrafish. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12442-12448. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810001, Qinghai P. R. China
| | - Yulin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810001, Qinghai P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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Yue X, Shan C, Qi X, Luo X, Zhu L, Zhang T, Li Y, Li Y, Bai R, Lan Y. Insights into disilylation and distannation: sequence influence and ligand/steric effects on Pd-catalyzed difunctionalization of carbenes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:1819-1826. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculation has been used to reveal the mechanism of Pd-catalyzed disilylation of carbene, which is a pathway to construct disilylmethane derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- College of Chemistry
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University of Education
- Chongqing 400067
- P. R. China
| | - Yingzi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- P. R. China
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Dou K, Chen G, Yu F, Liu Y, Chen L, Cao Z, Chen T, Li Y, You J. Bright and sensitive ratiometric fluorescent probe enabling endogenous FA imaging and mechanistic exploration of indirect oxidative damage due to FA in various living systems. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7851-7861. [PMID: 29163922 PMCID: PMC5674201 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03719h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a notorious toxin, formaldehyde (FA) poses an immense threat to human health. Aberrantly elevated FA levels lead to serious pathologies, including organ damage, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Unfortunately, current techniques limit FA imaging to general comparative studies, instead of a mechanistic exploration of its biological role, and this is presumably due to the lack of robust molecular tools for reporting FA in living systems. More importantly, despite being reductive, FA, however, can induce oxidative damage to organisms, thus providing a challenge to the mechanistic study of FA using fluorescence imaging. Herein, we presented the design and multi-application of a bright sensitive ratiometric fluorescent probe 1-(4-(1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl) but-3-en-1-amine (PIPBA). With a π-extended phenylphenanthroimidazole fluorophore and an allylamine group, PIPBA exhibited high quantum yield (φ = 0.62) in blue fluorescent emission and selective reactivity toward FA. When sensing FA, PIPBA transformed to PIBE, which is a product capable of releasing bright green fluorescence (φ = 0.51) with its enhanced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). Transformation of PIPBA to PIBE contributed to 80 nm of red shift in emission wavelength and a highly sensitive ratiometric response (92.2-fold), as well as a quite low detection limit (0.84 μM). PIPBA was successfully applied to various living systems, realizing, for the first time, ratiometric quantification (in cells), in vivo imaging (zebrafish), and living tissue imaging (vivisectional mouse under anaesthetic) of endogenous FA that was spontaneously generated by biological systems. Furthermore, with the aid of PIPBA, we obtained visual evidence for the oxidative damage of FA in both HeLa cells and renal tissue of a living mouse. The results demonstrated that FA exerted indirect oxidative damage by interacting with free radicals, thus producing more oxidizing species, which eventually caused aggravated oxidative damage to the organism. The indirect oxidative damage due to FA could be alleviated by an exogenous or endogenous antioxidant. The excellent behaviors of PIPBA demonstrate that a chemical probe can detect endogenous FA in cells/tissue/vivo, promising to be an effective tool for further exploration of the biological mechanism of FA in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , China . ;
| | - Guang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , China . ; .,Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology , Chinese Academy of Science , Xining 810001 , Qinghai , PR China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , China . ;
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
| | - Ziping Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , China . ;
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology , Chinese Academy of Science , Xining 810001 , Qinghai , PR China
| | - Yulin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology , Chinese Academy of Science , Xining 810001 , Qinghai , PR China
| | - Jinmao You
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , China . ; .,Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
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Dou K, Fu Q, Chen G, Yu F, Liu Y, Cao Z, Li G, Zhao X, Xia L, Chen L, Wang H, You J. A novel dual-ratiometric-response fluorescent probe for SO2/ClO− detection in cells and in vivo and its application in exploring the dichotomous role of SO2 under the ClO− induced oxidative stress. Biomaterials 2017; 133:82-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Yue X, Qi X, Bai R, Lei A, Lan Y. Mononuclear or Dinuclear? Mechanistic Study of the Zinc-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Aldehydes and Acetylenes. Chemistry 2017; 23:6419-6425. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
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