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Hadlington TJ. Heavier tetrylene- and tetrylyne-transition metal chemistry: it's no carbon copy. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39230570 PMCID: PMC11373607 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00226h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Since the late 19th century, heavier tetrylene- and tetrylyne-transition metal chemistry has formed an important cornerstone in both main-group and organometallic chemistry alike. Driven by the success of carbene systems, significant efforts have gone towards the thorough understanding of the heavier group 14 derivatives, with examples now known from across the d-block. This now leads towards applications in cooperative bond activation, and moves ultimately towards well-defined catalytic systems. This review aims to summarise this vast field, from initial discoveries of tetrylene and tetrylyne complexes, to the most recent developments in reactivity and catalysis, as a platform to the future of this exciting, blossoming field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrance J Hadlington
- Fakultät für Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany.
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Burgert BB, Sun X, Hauser A, Wingering PMR, Breher F, Roesky PW. Bi- and tridentate coordination behaviour of a novel bis(phosphinimino)methanide ligand. Chem Asian J 2024:e202301084. [PMID: 38197668 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel ferrocenyl-functionalized bis(phosphinimino)methane ligand (CH2 (PPh2 NFc)2 ). Deprotonation of CH2 (PPh2 NFc)2 with KN(SiMe3 )2 gave the dimeric species [K{CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }]2 , which was further reacted with ECl2 (E=Ge, Sn) to yield the tetrylene compounds [{CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }ECl]. The ligand and the resulting tetrylenes were examined for their electrochemical properties with the aid of cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, the reaction of the tetrylenes [{CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }ECl] with [AuC6 F5 (tht)] resulted in the bimetallic complexes [{(AuC6 F5 )CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }ECl] with an unusual Au coordination on the ligand backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian B Burgert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Adrian Hauser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Perrine M R Wingering
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Jain A, Karmakar H, Roesky PW, Panda TK. Role of Bis(phosphinimino)methanides as Universal Ligands in the Coordination Sphere of Metals across the Periodic Table. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 38048165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of bis(phosphinimino)methanide ligands is widespread and accompanies a large number of metal ions in the periodic table ranging from lithium to neptunium. This unique class of ligand systems show copious coordination chemistry with the main-group, transition, rare-earth, and actinide metals and are considered to be among the most attractive ligand systems to researchers. The bis(phosphinimino)methanide metal complexes offer an extensive range of applications in various fields and have been demonstrated as one of the universal ligand systems to stabilize the metal ions in not only their usual but also their unusual oxidation states. The main-group and transition metal chemistry using bis(phosphinimino)methanides as ligands was last updated almost a decade ago. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of various state-of-the-art bis(phosphinimino)methanide-supported metal complexes by dealing with their synthesis, characterization, reactivity, and catalytic studies which were not included in the last critical reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Jain
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology (MGIT), Gandipet-500075, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Himadri Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstr. 15 Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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Synthesis and reactivity of monomeric stannylene supported by the new tetradentate O,N,N,N-chelating ligand. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lee WT, Zeller M, Lugosan A. Bis(triazenide), tris(triazenide), and lantern-type of triazenide iron complexes: Synthesis and structural characterization. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Septelean R, Moraru IT, Kocsor TG, Deak N, Saffon-Merceron N, Castel A, Nemes G. Computational and experimental investigation of phosphaalkenyl germylenes from donor-acceptor perspective. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Campbell R, Konar S, Hunter S, Pulham C, Portius P. Labile Low-Valent Tin Azides: Syntheses, Structural Characterization, and Thermal Properties. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:400-411. [PMID: 29244498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first two examples of the class of tetracoordinate low-valent, mixed-ligand tin azido complexes, Sn(N3)2(L)2, are shown to form upon reaction of SnCl2 with NaN3 and SnF2 with Me3SiN3 in either pyridine or 4-picoline (2, L = py; 3, L = pic). These adducts of Sn(N3)2 are shock- and friction-insensitive and stable at r.t. under an atmosphere of pyridine or picoline, respectively. A new, fast, and efficient method for the preparation of Sn(N3)2 (1) directly from SnF2, and by the stepwise de-coordination of py from 2 at r.t., is reported that yields 1 in microcrystalline form, permitting powder X-ray diffraction studies. Reaction of 1 with a nonbulky cationic H-bond donor forms the salt-like compound {C(NH2)3}Sn(N3)3 (4) which is comparably stable despite its high nitrogen content (55%) and the absence of bulky weakly coordinating cations that are conventionally deemed essential in related systems of homoleptic azido metallates. The spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization of the polyazides 1-4 provides insight into azide-based H-bonded networks and unravels the previously unknown structure of 1 as an important lighter binary azide homologue of Pb(N3)2. The atomic coordinates for 1 and 2-4 were derived from powder and single crystal XRD data, respectively; those for 1 are consistent with predictions made by DFT-D calculations under periodic boundary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Sumit Konar
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Steven Hunter
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Colin Pulham
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Peter Portius
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K
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Schneider J, Krebs KM, Freitag S, Eichele K, Schubert H, Wesemann L. Intramolecular Tetrylene Lewis Adducts: Synthesis and Reactivity. Chemistry 2016; 22:9812-26. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Kilian M. Krebs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Sarah Freitag
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsumi Ochiai
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center and Institute for Silicon Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center and Institute for Silicon Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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Ochiai T, Franz D, Irran E, Inoue S. Formation of an Imino-Stabilized Cyclic Tin(II) Cation from an Amino(imino)stannylene. Chemistry 2015; 21:6704-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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