1
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Kitzmann WR, Hunger D, Reponen APM, Förster C, Schoch R, Bauer M, Feldmann S, van Slageren J, Heinze K. Electronic Structure and Excited-State Dynamics of the NIR-II Emissive Molybdenum(III) Analogue to the Molecular Ruby. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15797-15808. [PMID: 37718553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Photoactive chromium(III) complexes saw a conceptual breakthrough with the discovery of the prototypical molecular ruby mer-[Cr(ddpd)2]3+ (ddpd = N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine-2,6-diamine), which shows intense long-lived near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescence from metal-centered spin-flip states. In contrast to the numerous studies on chromium(III) photophysics, only 10 luminescent molybdenum(III) complexes have been reported so far. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of mer-MoX3(ddpd) (1, X = Cl; 2, X = Br) and cisfac-[Mo(ddpd)2]3+ (cisfac-[3]3+), an isomeric heavy homologue of the prototypical molecular ruby. For cisfac-[3]3+, we found strong zero-field splitting using magnetic susceptibility measurements and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Electronic spectra covering the spin-forbidden transitions show that the spin-flip states in mer-1, mer-2, and cisfac-[3]3+ are much lower in energy than those in comparable chromium(III) compounds. While all three complexes show weak spin-flip phosphorescence in NIR-II, the emission of cisfac-[3]3+ peaking at 1550 nm is particularly low in energy. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy reveals a short excited-state lifetime of 1.4 ns, 6 orders of magnitude shorter than that of mer-[Cr(ddpd)2]3+. Using density functional theory and ab initio multireference calculations, we break down the reasons for this disparity and derive principles for the design of future stable photoactive molybdenum(III) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winald R Kitzmann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Antti-Pekka M Reponen
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland Schoch
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department and Centre for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department and Centre for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Sascha Feldmann
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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2
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Dorn M, Hunger D, Förster C, Naumann R, van Slageren J, Heinze K. Towards Luminescent Vanadium(II) Complexes with Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Quantum Coherence. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202898. [PMID: 36345821 PMCID: PMC10107508 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular entities with doublet or triplet ground states find increasing interest as potential molecular quantum bits (qubits). Complexes with higher multiplicity might even function as qudits and serve to encode further quantum bits. Vanadium(II) ions in octahedral ligand fields with quartet ground states and small zero-field splittings qualify as qubits with optical read out thanks to potentially luminescent spin-flip states. We identified two V2+ complexes [V(ddpd)2 ]2+ with the strong field ligand N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dipyridine-2-yl-pyridine-2,6-diamine (ddpd) in two isomeric forms (cis-fac and mer) as suitable candidates. The energy gaps between the two lowest Kramers doublets amount to 0.2 and 0.5 cm-1 allowing pulsed EPR experiments at conventional Q-band frequencies (35 GHz). Both isomers possess spin-lattice relaxation times T1 of around 300 μs and a phase memory time TM of around 1 μs at 5 K. Furthermore, the mer isomer displays slow magnetic relaxation in an applied field of 400 mT. While the vanadium(III) complexes [V(ddpd)2 ]3+ are emissive in the near-IR-II region, the [V(ddpd)2 ]2+ complexes are non-luminescent due to metal-to-ligand charge transfer admixture to the spin-flip states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dorn
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for, Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Naumann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for, Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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3
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East NR, Förster C, Carrella LM, Rentschler E, Heinze K. The Full d 3-d 5 Redox Series of Mononuclear Manganese Complexes: Geometries and Electronic Structures of [Mn(dgpy) 2] n. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14616-14625. [PMID: 36070611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although manganese ions exhibit a rich redox chemistry, redox processes are often accompanied by structural reorganization and a high propensity for ligand substitution, so that no complete structurally characterized manganese(II,III,IV) complex series without significant ligand sphere reorganization akin to the manganese(II,III,IV) oxides exists. We present here the series of pseudo-octahedral homoleptic manganese complexes [Mn(dgpy)2]n+ (n = 2-4) with the adaptable tridentate push-pull ligand 2,6-diguanidylpyridine (dgpy). Mn-N bond lengths and N-Mn-N bond angles change characteristically from n = 2 to n = 4, while the overall [MnN6] coordination sphere is preserved. The manganese(III) complex [Mn(dgpy)2]3+ exhibits a Jahn-Teller elongated octahedron and a negative D = -3.84 cm-1. Concomitantly with the consecutive oxidation of [Mn(dgpy)2]2+ to [Mn(dgpy)2]4+, the optical properties evolve with increasing ligand-to-metal charge transfer character of the absorption bands culminating in the panchromatic absorption of the purple-black manganese(IV) complex [Mn(dgpy)2]4+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R East
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Luca M Carrella
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Rentschler
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Abstract
![]()
Electron crystallography
has a storied history which rivals that
of its more established X-ray-enabled counterpart. Recent advances
in data collection and analysis have sparked a renaissance in the
field, opening a new chapter for this venerable technique. Burgeoning
interest in electron crystallography has spawned innovative methods
described by various interchangeable labels (3D ED, MicroED, cRED,
etc.). This Review covers concepts and findings relevant to the practicing
crystallographer, with an emphasis on experiments aimed at using electron
diffraction to elucidate the atomic structure of three-dimensional
molecular crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambarneil Saha
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shervin S Nia
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - José A Rodríguez
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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5
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Moll J, Förster C, König A, Carrella LM, Wagner M, Panthöfer M, Möller A, Rentschler E, Heinze K. Panchromatic Absorption and Oxidation of an Iron(II) Spin Crossover Complex. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1659-1671. [PMID: 35020386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to expand and exploit the useful properties of d6-iron(II) and d5-iron(III) complexes in potential magnetic, photophysical, or magnetooptical applications, crucial ligand-controlled parameters are the ligand field strength in a given coordination mode and the availability of suitable metal and ligand frontier orbitals for charge-transfer processes. The push-pull ligand 2,6-diguanidylpyridine (dgpy) features low-energy π* orbitals at the pyridine site and strongly electron-donating guanidinyl donors combined with the ability to form six-membered chelate rings for optimal metal-ligand orbital overlap. The electronic ground states of the pseudo-octahedral d6- and d5-complexes mer-[Fe(dgpy)2]2+, cis-fac-[Fe(dgpy)2]2+, and mer-[Fe(dgpy)2]3+ as well as their charge-transfer (CT) and metal-centered (MC) excited states are probed by variable temperature UV/vis absorption, NMR, EPR, and Mössbauer spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements at variable temperature as well as quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Moll
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexandra König
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Luca M Carrella
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Panthöfer
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Angela Möller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Rentschler
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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6
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Pantalon Juraj N, Kirin SI. Inorganic stereochemistry: Geometric isomerism in bis-tridentate ligand complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Huang Z, Grape ES, Li J, Inge AK, Zou X. 3D electron diffraction as an important technique for structure elucidation of metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Gemmi M, Mugnaioli E, Gorelik TE, Kolb U, Palatinus L, Boullay P, Hovmöller S, Abrahams JP. 3D Electron Diffraction: The Nanocrystallography Revolution. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:1315-1329. [PMID: 31482114 PMCID: PMC6716134 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crystallography of nanocrystalline materials has witnessed a true revolution in the past 10 years, thanks to the introduction of protocols for 3D acquisition and analysis of electron diffraction data. This method provides single-crystal data of structure solution and refinement quality, allowing the atomic structure determination of those materials that remained hitherto unknown because of their limited crystallinity. Several experimental protocols exist, which share the common idea of sampling a sequence of diffraction patterns while the crystal is tilted around a noncrystallographic axis, namely, the goniometer axis of the transmission electron microscope sample stage. This Outlook reviews most important 3D electron diffraction applications for different kinds of samples and problematics, related with both materials and life sciences. Structure refinement including dynamical scattering is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gemmi
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Mugnaioli
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tatiana E. Gorelik
- University
of Ulm, Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Electron Microscopy
Group of Materials Science (EMMS), Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ute Kolb
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institut
für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lukas Palatinus
- Department
of Structure Analysis, Institute of Physics
of the CAS, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czechia
| | - Philippe Boullay
- CRISMAT,
Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS UMR 6508, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Cedex Caen, France
| | - Sven Hovmöller
- Inorganic
and Structural Chemistry, Department of Materials and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Pieter Abrahams
- Center
for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics (C−CINA), Biozentrum, Basel University, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
- Department
of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer
Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Leiden
Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Kolb U, Krysiak Y, Plana-Ruiz S. Automated electron diffraction tomography - development and applications. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2019; 75:463-474. [PMID: 32830704 PMCID: PMC6690130 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520619006711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electron diffraction tomography (EDT) has gained increasing interest, starting with the development of automated electron diffraction tomography (ADT) which enables the collection of three-dimensional electron diffraction data from nano-sized crystals suitable for ab initio structure analysis. A basic description of the ADT method, nowadays recognized as a reliable and established method, as well as its special features and general applicability to different transmission electron microscopes is provided. In addition, the usability of ADT for crystal structure analysis of single nano-sized crystals with and without special crystallographic features, such as twinning, modulations and disorder is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Kolb
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- Institut für Angewandte Geowissenchaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 9, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Yaşar Krysiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Sergi Plana-Ruiz
- Institut für Angewandte Geowissenchaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 9, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
- LENS-MIND, Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica i Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
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10
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Otto S, Förster C, Wang C, Resch-Genger U, Heinze K. A Strongly Luminescent Chromium(III) Complex Acid. Chemistry 2018; 24:12555-12563. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Otto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz; Staudingerweg 9 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Cui Wang
- Division 1.2 Biophotonics; Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Richard Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division 1.2 Biophotonics; Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Richard Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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11
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Gorelik TE, van de Streek J, Meier H, Andernach L, Opatz T. Crystal structure analysis of a star-shaped triazine compound: a combination of single-crystal three-dimensional electron diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2018; 74:287-294. [PMID: 29927391 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520618006686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The solid-state structure of star-shaped 2,4,6-tris{(E)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]ethenyl}-1,3,5-triazine is determined from a powder sample by exploiting the respective strengths of single-crystal three-dimensional electron diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction data. The unit-cell parameters were determined from single crystal electron diffraction data. Using this information, the powder X-ray diffraction data were indexed, and the crystal structure was determined from the powder diffraction profile. The compound crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric space group, P212121. The molecular conformation in the crystal structure was used to calculate the molecular dipole moment of 3.22 Debye, which enables the material to show nonlinear optical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E Gorelik
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Jakob Welder Weg 11, Mainz, 55099, Germany
| | - Jacco van de Streek
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - Herbert Meier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Lars Andernach
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany
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12
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13
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Otto S, Moll J, Förster C, Geißler D, Wang C, Resch-Genger U, Heinze K. Three-in-One Crystal: The Coordination Diversity of Zinc Polypyridine Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Otto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz; 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Johannes Moll
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Daniel Geißler
- Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Cui Wang
- Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin; 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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14
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Divalent metal phosphonates – new aspects for syntheses, in situ characterization and structure solution. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2016-1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDivalent metal phosphonates are promising hybrid materials with a broad field of application. The rich coordination chemistry of the phosphonate linkers enables the formation of structures with different dimensionalities ranging from isolated complexes and layered structures to porous frameworks incorporating various functionalities through the choice of the building blocks. In brief, metal phosphonates offer an interesting opportunity for the design of multifunctional materials. Here, we provide a short review on the class of divalent metal phosphonates discussing their syntheses, structures, and applications. We present the advantages of the recently introduced mechanochemical pathway for the synthesis of divalent phosphonates as a possibility to generate new, in certain cases metastable compounds. The benefits of
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15
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Gorelik TE, Czech C, Hammer SM, Schmidt MU. Crystal structure of disordered nanocrystalline αII-quinacridone determined by electron diffraction. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01855b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nanocrystalline αII-phase of the industrially produced organic pigment quinacridone was studied by 3D electron diffraction. The average crystal structure was obtained directly from the data and validated by energy minimization. A model describing the experimentally observed diffuse scattering was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. E. Gorelik
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Mainz
- Mainz, Germany
| | - C. Czech
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main
- Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S. M. Hammer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main
- Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. U. Schmidt
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main
- Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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16
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Mengel AKC, Cho W, Breivogel A, Char K, Soo Kang Y, Heinze K. A Bis(tridentate)cobalt Polypyridine Complex as Mediator in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K. C. Mengel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany, https://www.blogs.uni‐mainz.de/fb09ak‐heinze/
| | - Woohyung Cho
- The Department of Energy Engineering and Center for Next Generation Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni‐ro, Seongdong‐gu, Seoul 133‐791, Korea
| | - Aaron Breivogel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany, https://www.blogs.uni‐mainz.de/fb09ak‐heinze/
| | - Kookheon Char
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐gu, Seoul 151‐744, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kang
- The Department of Energy Engineering and Center for Next Generation Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni‐ro, Seongdong‐gu, Seoul 133‐791, Korea
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany, https://www.blogs.uni‐mainz.de/fb09ak‐heinze/
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