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Gerhards L, Werr M, Hübner O, Solov'yov IA, Himmel HJ. Peculiar Differences between Two Copper Complexes Containing Similar Redox-Active Ligands: Density Functional and Multiconfigurational Calculations. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:961-975. [PMID: 38157840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes featuring redox-active ligands often exhibit multiple redox states, influenced by the interplay between the metal center and the ligand. This study delves into the electronic structures of two mononuclear complexes of copper with two similar redox-active urea azine ligands. The ligands differ by the replacement of an NCH3 moiety by an S atom in the ligand backbone. Experimental analysis yields pronounced electronic structural disparities between these complexes, observable in both the solution and solid phases. Conventional quantum chemical methods, such as density functional theory using different functionals (B3LYP, TPSSh, and CAM-B3LYP), remain inadequate to rationalize the observed spectroscopic anomalies. However, a multiconfigurational approach elucidates the disparate behaviors of these complexes. Multireference perturbation theory, based on complete active space self-consistent field computations, identifies Cu(I) in the case of the complex with the NCH3 containing ligands and a state with substantial Cu(II) contributions in the case of the complex with the S atom containing ligands. In contrast, DFT indicates Cu(I) in both scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gerhards
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Street 9-11, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
| | - Marco Werr
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Ilia A Solov'yov
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Street 9-11, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
- Center for Nanoscale Dynamics (CENAD), Carl von OssietzkyUniversität Oldenburg, Institut Für Physik, Ammerländer Heerstreet 114-118, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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2
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Lohmeyer L, Werr M, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Interplay and Competition Between Two Different Types of Redox-Active Ligands in Cobalt Complexes: How to Allocate the Electrons? Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201789. [PMID: 35894809 PMCID: PMC9804828 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The field of molecular transition metal complexes with redox-active ligands is dominated by compounds with one or two units of the same redox-active ligand; complexes in which different redox-active ligands are bound to the same metal are uncommon. This work reports the first molecular coordination compounds in which redox-active bisguanidine or urea azine (biguanidine) ligands as well as oxolene ligands are bound to the same cobalt atom. The combination of two different redox-active ligands leads to mono- as well as unprecedented dinuclear cobalt complexes, being multiple (four or six) center redox systems with intriguing electronic structures, all exhibiting radical ligands. By changing the redox potential of the ligands through derivatisation, the electronic structure of the complexes could be altered in a rational way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lohmeyer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Marco Werr
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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3
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Werr M, Kaifer E, Enders M, Asyuda A, Zharnikov M, Himmel H. Synthese eines Kupfer(I)‐Komplexes mit zwei ungepaarten Elektronen durch Oxidation eines Kupfer(II)‐Komplexes mit zwei redoxaktiven Liganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Werr
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Markus Enders
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Andika Asyuda
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Michael Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
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4
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Werr M, Kaifer E, Enders M, Asyuda A, Zharnikov M, Himmel H. A Copper(I) Complex with Two Unpaired Electrons, Synthesised by Oxidation of a Copper(II) Complex with Two Redox-Active Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23451-23462. [PMID: 34423532 PMCID: PMC8596453 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Two homoleptic copper(II) complexes [Cu(L1)2 ] and [Cu(L2)2 ] with anionic redox-active ligands were synthesised, one with urea azine (L1) and the other with thio-urea azine (L2) ligands. One-electron oxidation of the complexes initiates an unprecedented redox-induced electron transfer process, leading to monocationic copper(I) complexes [Cu(L1)2 ]+ and [Cu(L2)2 ]+ with two oxidised ligands. While [Cu(L1)2 ]+ is best described as a CuI complex with two neutral radical ligands that couple antiferromagnetically, [Cu(L2)2 ]+ is a CuI complex with two clearly different ligand units in the solid state and with a magnetic susceptibility close to a diamagnetic compound. Further one-electron oxidation of the complex with L1 ligands results in a dication [Cu(L1)2 ]2+ , best described as a CuI complex with a twofold oxidised, monocationic ligand and a neutral radical ligand. The stability in at least three redox states, the accumulation of spin density at the ligands and the facile ligand-metal electron transfer make these complexes highly attractive for a variety of applications; here the catalytic aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes is tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Werr
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Markus Enders
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andika Asyuda
- Angewandte Physikalische ChemieRuprecht-Karls Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Michael Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische ChemieRuprecht-Karls Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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5
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Wani AA, Chourasiya SS, Kathuria D, Sahoo SC, Beifuss U, Bharatam PV. Iodine Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Diaminoazines and Amines for the Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted-1,2,4-Triazoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7659-7671. [PMID: 34003643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple, convenient, transition metal-free one pot synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazoles has been established. The innovation in this reaction is the use of easily available 1,1-diaminoazines as substrates. This method provides the products with wider substrate scope, at an expedited rate, and with relatively better yields in comparison to the reported methods. The reaction mechanism involves an initial intermolecular nucleophilic addition (facilitated by I2) followed by intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid A Wani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sumit S Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Deepika Kathuria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.,University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Subash C Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Uwe Beifuss
- Bioorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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6
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Richard NA, Khor CK, Hetherington SM, Mills SL, Decken A, Dyker CA. Iminophosphorano-Substituted Bispyridinylidenes: Redox Potentials and Substituent Constants from Tolman Electronic Parameters. Chemistry 2020; 26:17371-17375. [PMID: 33022780 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bispyridinylidenes (BPYs) have emerged as an important class of neutral organic electron donors, with redox potentials that vary widely with choice of substituent. Methods to predict the effect of substitution on the redox potential are therefore highly desirable. Here we show that the redox potential of BPYs featuring iminophosphorano substituents (R3 P=N-), which represent the most reducing class of BPYs, can be predicted based on the well-known Tolman electronic parameter (TEP) for the respective phosphine fragment (R3 P). Moreover, building on earlier work relating redox potentials to Hammett-type substituent constants, it is now possible to quantitatively predict σp + values for iminophosphorano substituents from TEP values. These results provide a path for precisely tailoring redox potentials of iminophosphorano-substituted BPYs, but also give quantitative descriptors for how these highly versatile iminophosphorano substituents can impact the properties of any molecular scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Richard
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Chun Keat Khor
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Sydney M Hetherington
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Scott L Mills
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Andreas Decken
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - C Adam Dyker
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
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Werr M, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Hetero Diels-Alder Reactions with a Dicationic Urea Azine Derived Azo Dienophile and Their Use for the Synthesis of an Electron-Rich Pentacene. Chemistry 2020; 26:12328-12332. [PMID: 32201982 PMCID: PMC7589293 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the first hetero Diels-Alder (DA) reactions with a stable, dicationic urea azine derived azo dienophile, synthesized by two-electron oxidation of a neutral urea azine are reported. Several charged DA products were synthesized in good yield and fully characterized. The DA adduct of anthracene is in thermal equilibrium with the reactants at room temperature, and the reaction enthalpy and entropy were determined from the temperature-dependent equilibrium constant. Furthermore, base addition to solutions of the pentacene DA product led to deprotonation, cleavage of the N-N bond, and formation of an electron-rich 6,13-bisguanidinyl-substituted pentacene. The redox and optical properties of this new pentacene derivative were studied. Furthermore, the dication resulting from its two-electron oxidation was synthesized and fully characterized. The results disclose a new elegant route to electron-rich pentacene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Werr
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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8
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Werr M, Kaifer E, Wadepohl H, Himmel HJ. Tuneable Redox Chemistry and Electrochromism of Persistent Symmetric and Asymmetric Azine Radical Cations. Chemistry 2019; 25:12981-12990. [PMID: 31306523 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecular organic radicals have been intensively studied in the last decades, due to their interesting optical, magnetic and redox properties. Here we report the synthesis and characterisation of persistent organic radicals from one-electron oxidation of redox-active azines (RAAs), composed of two guanidinyl or related groups. By connecting two different groups together, asymmetric compounds result. In this way a series of compounds with varying redox potential is obtained that could be oxidised reversibly to the mono- and the dicationic charge states. The accessible redox states were fully determined by chemical redox reactions. The standard Gibbs free energy change for disproportionation of the radical monocation into the dication and the neutral molecule in solution, estimated from cyclovoltammetric measurements, varies between 43 and 71 kJ mol-1 . While the neutral RAAs absorb predominately UV light, the radical monocations display strong absorptions covering almost the entire visible region and extending for some compounds into the NIR region. A detailed analysis of this highly reversible electrochromism is presented, and the fast switching characteristics are demonstrated in an electrochromic test device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Werr
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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9
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Rohrbach S, Shah RS, Tuttle T, Murphy JA. Neutral Organic Super Electron Donors Made Catalytic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11454-11458. [PMID: 31222953 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neutral organic super electron donors (SEDs) display impressive reducing power but, until now, it has not been possible to use them catalytically in radical chain reactions. This is because, following electron transfer, these donors form persistent radical cations that trap substrate-derived radicals. This paper unlocks a conceptually new approach to super electron donors that overcomes this issue, leading to the first catalytic neutral organic super electron donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Rohrbach
- Dept. of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Rushabh S Shah
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Tell Tuttle
- Dept. of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - John A Murphy
- Dept. of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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10
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Rohrbach S, Shah RS, Tuttle T, Murphy JA. Neutral Organic Super Electron Donors Made Catalytic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Rohrbach
- Dept. of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Rushabh S. Shah
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Tell Tuttle
- Dept. of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - John A. Murphy
- Dept. of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
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11
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Doddi A, Peters M, Tamm M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Adducts of Main Group Elements and Their Use as Ligands in Transition Metal Chemistry. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6994-7112. [PMID: 30983327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) are nowadays ubiquitous and indispensable in many research fields, and it is not possible to imagine modern transition metal and main group element chemistry without the plethora of available NHCs with tailor-made electronic and steric properties. While their suitability to act as strong ligands toward transition metals has led to numerous applications of NHC complexes in homogeneous catalysis, their strong σ-donating and adaptable π-accepting abilities have also contributed to an impressive vitalization of main group chemistry with the isolation and characterization of NHC adducts of almost any element. Formally, NHC coordination to Lewis acids affords a transfer of nucleophilicity from the carbene carbon atom to the attached exocyclic moiety, and low-valent and low-coordinate adducts of the p-block elements with available lone pairs and/or polarized carbon-element π-bonds are able to act themselves as Lewis basic donor ligands toward transition metals. Accordingly, the availability of a large number of novel NHC adducts has not only produced new varieties of already existing ligand classes but has also allowed establishment of numerous complexes with unusual and often unprecedented element-metal bonds. This review aims at summarizing this development comprehensively and covers the usage of N-heterocyclic carbene adducts of the p-block elements as ligands in transition metal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinarayana Doddi
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marius Peters
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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12
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Chourasiya SS, Kathuria D, Wani AA, Bharatam PV. Azines: synthesis, structure, electronic structure and their applications. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8486-8521. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01272a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Azines (2,3-diaza-1,3-butadienes): structure, electronic structure, tautomerism, and their applications in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit S. Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
| | - Deepika Kathuria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
| | - Aabid Abdullah Wani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
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13
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Kathuria D, Gupta P, Chourasiya SS, Sahoo SC, Beifuss U, Chakraborti AK, Bharatam PV. An unprecedented intramolecular to intermolecular mechanistic switch in 1,1-diaminoazines leading to differential product formation during the I2-induced tandem oxidative transformation. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4129-4138. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00610a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Intermolecular cyclization of 1,1-diaminoazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Kathuria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- S.A.S. Nagar – 160 062
- India
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- S.A.S. Nagar – 160 062
- India
| | - Sumit S. Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- S.A.S. Nagar – 160 062
- India
| | - Subash C. Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh – 160014
- India
| | - Uwe Beifuss
- Bioorganische Chemie
- Institut für Chemie
- Universität
- D-70599 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Asit K. Chakraborti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- S.A.S. Nagar – 160 062
- India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- S.A.S. Nagar – 160 062
- India
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15
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Buvaylo EA, Kokozay VN, Strutynska NY, Vassilyeva OY, Skelton BW. Formaldehyde-aminoguanidine condensation and aminoguanidine self-condensation products: syntheses, crystal structures and characterization. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 74:152-158. [PMID: 29400329 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229617018514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Guanidine is the functional group on the side chain of arginine, one of the fundamental building blocks of life. In recent years, a number of compounds based on the aminoguanidine (AG) moiety have been described as presenting high anticancer activities. The product of condensation between two molecules of AG and one molecule of formaldehyde was isolated in the protonated form as the dinitrate salt (systematic name: 2,8-diamino-1,3,4,6,7,9-hexaazanona-1,8-diene-1,9-diium dinitrate), C3H14N82+·2NO3-, (I). The cation lacks crystallographically imposed symmetry and comprises two terminal planar guanidinium groups, which share an N-C-N unit. Each cation in (I) builds 14 N-H...O hydrogen bonds and is separated from adjacent cations by seven nitrate anions. The AG self-condensation reaction in the presence of copper(II) chloride and chloride anions led to the formation of the organic-inorganic hybrid 1,2-bis(diaminomethylidene)hydrazine-1,2-diium tetrachloridocuprate(II), (C2H10N6)[CuCl4], (II). Its asymmetric unit is composed of half a diprotonated 1,2-bis(diaminomethylidene)hydrazine-1,2-diium dication and half a tetrachloridocuprate(II) dianion, with the CuII atom situated on a twofold rotation axis. The planar guanidinium fragments in (II) have their planes twisted by approximately 77.64 (5)° with respect to each other. The tetrahedral [CuCl4]2- anion is severely distorted and its pronounced `planarity' must originate from its involvement in multiple N-H...Cl hydrogen bonds. It was reported that [CuCl4]2- anions, with a trans-Cl-Cu-Cl angle (Θ) of ∼140°, are yellow-green at room temperature, with the colour shifting to a deeper green as Θ increases and toward orange as Θ decreases. Brown salt (II), with a Θ value of 142.059 (8)°, does not fit the trend, which emphasizes the need to take other structural factors into consideration. In the crystal of salt (II), layers of cations and anions alternate along the b axis, with the minimum Cu...Cu distance being 7.5408 (3) Å inside a layer. The structures of salts (I) and (II) were substantiated via spectroscopic data. The endothermic reaction involved in the thermal decomposition of (I) requires additional oxygen. The title salts may be useful for the screening of new substances with biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Buvaylo
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir N Kokozay
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Yu Strutynska
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Olga Yu Vassilyeva
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Brian W Skelton
- School of Molecular Sciences, M310, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Herrmann H, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Hydrogen‐Atom Transfer (HAT) Initiated by Intramolecular Ligand–Metal Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2017; 23:5520-5528. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Herrmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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18
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Su S, Wang J, Vargas E, Wei J, Martínez-Zaguilán R, Sennoune SR, Pantoya ML, Wang S, Chaudhuri J, Qiu J. Porphyrin Immobilized Nanographene Oxide for Enhanced and Targeted Photothermal Therapy of Brain Cancer. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1357-1366. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siheng Su
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jilong Wang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Evan Vargas
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Junhua Wei
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Raul Martínez-Zaguilán
- Department
of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 Fourth Street, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Souad R. Sennoune
- Department
of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 Fourth Street, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Michelle L. Pantoya
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Shiren Wang
- Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, 400 Bizzell Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jharna Chaudhuri
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jingjing Qiu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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Ochiai T, Franz D, Inoue S. Applications of N-heterocyclic imines in main group chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:6327-6344. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00163g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A survey of the most recent progress in the applications of N-heterocyclic imines in main group compounds is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsumi Ochiai
- Institut für Chemie
- Technische Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Daniel Franz
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Institut für Chemie
- Technische Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
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