1
|
Payce EN, Knighton RC, Platts JA, Horton PN, Coles SJ, Pope SJA. Luminescent Pt(II) Complexes Using Unsymmetrical Bis(2-pyridylimino)isoindolate Analogues. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8273-8285. [PMID: 38656154 PMCID: PMC11080048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
A series of ligands based upon a 1,3-diimino-isoindoline framework have been synthesized and investigated as pincer-type (N∧N∧N) chelates for Pt(II). The synthetic route allows different combinations of heterocyclic moieties (including pyridyl, thiazole, and isoquinoline) to yield new unsymmetrical ligands. Pt(L1-6)Cl complexes were obtained and characterized using a range of spectroscopic and analytical techniques: 1H and 13C NMR, IR, UV-vis and luminescence spectroscopies, elemental analyses, high-resolution mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, and one example via X-ray crystallography which showed a distorted square planar environment at Pt(II). Cyclic voltammetry on the complexes showed one irreversible oxidation between +0.75 and +1 V (attributed to Pt2+/3+ couple) and a number of ligand-based reductions; in four complexes, two fully reversible reductions were noted between -1.4 and -1.9 V. Photophysical studies showed that Pt(L1-6)Cl absorbs efficiently in the visible region through a combination of ligand-based bands and metal-to-ligand charge-transfer features at 400-550 nm, with assignments supported by DFT calculations. Excitation at 500 nm led to luminescence (studied in both solutions and solid state) in all cases with different combinations of the heterocyclic donors providing tuning of the emission wavelength around 550-678 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellie N Payce
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, U.K
| | - Richard C Knighton
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, England, U.K
| | - James A Platts
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, U.K
| | - Peter N Horton
- UK National Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, England, U.K
| | - Simon J Coles
- UK National Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, England, U.K
| | - Simon J A Pope
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hess KM, Leach IF, Wijtenhorst L, Lee H, Klein JEMN. Valence Tautomerism Induced Proton Coupled Electron Transfer:X-H Bond Oxidation with a Dinuclear Au(II) Hydroxide Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318916. [PMID: 38324462 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
We report the preparation and characterization of the dinuclear AuII hydroxide complex AuII 2(L)2(OH)2 (L=N,N'-bis (2,6-dimethyl) phenylformamidinate) and study its reactivity towards weak X-H bonds. Through the interplay of kinetic analysis and computational studies, we demonstrate that the oxidation of cyclohexadiene follows a concerted proton-coupled electron transfer (cPCET) mechanism, a rare type of reactivity for Au complexes. We find that the Au-Au σ-bond undergoes polarization in the PCET event leading to an adjustment of oxidation levels for both Au centers prior to C(sp3)-H bond cleavage. We thus describe the oxidation event as a valence tautomerism-induced PCET where the basicity of one reduced Au-OH unit provides a proton acceptor and the second more oxidized Au center serves as an electron acceptor. The coordination of these events allows for unprecedented radical-type reactivity by a closed shell AuII complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher M Hess
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isaac F Leach
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Wijtenhorst
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hangyul Lee
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes E M N Klein
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moreth D, Hörner G, Müller VVL, Geyer L, Schatzschneider U. Isostructural Series of Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Au(III) Azido Complexes with a N^C^N Pincer Ligand to Elucidate Trends in the iClick Reaction Kinetics and Structural Parameters of the Triazolato Products. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16000-16012. [PMID: 37728290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
An isoelectronic and isostructural series of cyclometalated azido complexes [M(N3)(dpb)] with M = Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Au(III) based on the N^C^N pincer ligand 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)phenide (dpb) was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and investigated for reactivity in the iClick reaction with a wide range of internal and terminal alkynes by using 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy. Reaction rate constants were found to increase with greater charge density in the order Ni(II) > Pd(II) > Pt(II) > Au(III). Terminal alkynes R-C≡C-R' with strongly electron-withdrawing groups R and R' exhibited faster kinetics than those with electron-donating substituents in the order CF3 > ketone > ester > H > phenyl ≫ amide, while R = CH3 resulted in complete loss of reactivity. Four symmetrical triazolato complexes [M(triazolatoCOOCH3,COOCH3)(dpb)] with M = Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Au(III) as well as four nonsymmetrically substituted triazolato complexes [Pt(triazolatoR,R')(dpb)] originating from terminal and internal alkynes were shown by X-ray crystal structure analysis to exclusively feature N2-coordination of the five-membered ring ligand. However, the Pt(II) triazolato complexes exist as a mixture of N1- and N2-coordinated species in solution. Torsion angles between the mean planes of the N^C^N pincer and the triazolato ligand increase from a nearly coplanar to a perpendicular arrangement when going from Au(III)/Pt(II)/Pd(II) to Ni(II), while different substituents R and R' on the alkyne have no influence on the torsion angle and were rationalized by DFT calculations. Finally, a carbohydrate derivative obtained by glucuronic acid conjugation to methyl propiolate demonstrates the facile biofunctionalization of metal complexes via the iClick reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Moreth
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Anorganische Chemie IV, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Victoria V L Müller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lucia Geyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schatzschneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Winter M, Ellwanger MA, Limberg N, Pérez-Bitrián A, Voßnacker P, Steinhauer S, Riedel S. Reactivity of [AuF 3 (SIMes)]: Pathway to Unprecedented Structural Motifs. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301684. [PMID: 37340637 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
We report on a comprehensive reactivity study starting from [AuF3 (SIMes)] to synthesize different motifs of monomeric gold(III) fluorides. A plethora of different ligands has been introduced in a mono-substitution yielding trans-[AuF2 X(SIMes)] including alkynido, cyanido, azido, and a set of perfluoroalkoxido complexes. The latter were better accomplished via use of perfluorinated carbonyl-bearing molecules, which is unprecedented in gold chemistry. In case of the cyanide and azide, triple substitution gave rise to the corresponding [AuX3 (SIMes)] complexes. Comparison of the chemical shift of the carbene carbon atom in the 13 C{1 H} NMR spectrum, the calculated SIMes affinity and the Au-C bond length in the solid state with related literature-known complexes yields a classification of trans-influences for a variety of ligands attached to the gold center. Therein, the mixed fluorido perfluoroalkoxido complexes have a similar SIMes affinity to AuF3 with a very low Gibbs energy of formation when using the perfluoro carbonyl route.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlon Winter
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias A Ellwanger
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QR, Oxford, UK
| | - Niklas Limberg
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alberto Pérez-Bitrián
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Voßnacker
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Steinhauer
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Engbers S, Klein JEMN. Understanding the Surprising Oxidation Chemistry of Au-OH Complexes. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200475. [PMID: 36104296 PMCID: PMC10091708 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Au is known to be fairly redox inactive (in catalysis) and bind oxygen adducts only quite weakly. It is thus rather surprising that stable Au-OH complexes can be synthesized and used as oxidants for both one- and two-electron oxidations. A charged AuIII -OH complex has been shown to cleave C-H and O-H bonds homolytically, resulting in a one-electron reduction of the metal center. Contrasting this, a neutral AuIII -OH complex performs oxygen atom transfer to phosphines, resulting in a two-electron reduction of the hydroxide proton to form a AuIII -H rather than causing a change in oxidation state of the metal. We explore the details of these two examples and draw comparisons to the more conventional reactivity exhibited by AuI -OH. Although the current scope of known Au-OH oxidation chemistry is still in its infancy, the current literature exemplifies the unique properties of Au chemistry and shows promise for future findings in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silène Engbers
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes E M N Klein
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bukvic AJ, Albrecht M. Pincer and Macrocyclic Pyridylidene Amide (PYA) Au III Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14038-14045. [PMID: 35994319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Gold-based homogeneous catalysis is dominated by redox neutral AuI systems. Redox-active gold-based catalysts are less common, principally because of redox cycles between AuI and AuIII being hampered by unfavorable potentials. We report gold(III) complexes containing pincer-based, donor-flexible pyridylidene amide (PYA) ligands to address these issues. These complexes act as electron reservoirs through two limiting resonance structures consisting of either soft, imine coordination sites or harder, zwitterionic amide donors. We further alter the donor properties by using the ortho-, meta-, and para-pyridylidene amide variants of the PYA pincer arms. These bis-PYA pincer ligands exhibited a high contribution of amide coordination in the solid-state of the gold(III) complexes; however, the solution data suggests a high contribution from the neutral L-type resonance forms. This L-type contribution, primarily shown through cyclic voltammetry studies, prevents reversible gold(III) reduction and also disfavors abstraction of the ancillary chloride ligand. Furthermore, a novel macrocyclic-PYA ligand is introduced, which shows secondary metal-ligand interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Bukvic
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Engbers S, Leach IF, Havenith RWA, Klein JEMN. Homolytic X‐H Bond Cleavage at a Gold(III) Hydroxide: Insights into One‐Electron Events at Gold. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200599. [PMID: 35506505 PMCID: PMC9401072 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
C(sp3)‐H and O−H bond breaking steps in the oxidation of 1,4‐cyclohexadiene and phenol by a Au(III)‐OH complex were studied computationally. The analysis reveals that for both types of bonds the initial X−H cleavage step proceeds via concerted proton coupled electron transfer (cPCET), reflecting electron transfer from the substrate directly to the Au(III) centre and proton transfer to the Au‐bound oxygen. This mechanistic picture is distinct from the analogous formal Cu(III)‐OH complexes studied by the Tolman group (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 17236–17244), which proceed via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) for C−H bonds and cPCET for O−H bonds. Hence, care should be taken when transferring concepts between Cu−OH and Au−OH species. Furthermore, the ability of Au−OH complexes to perform cPCET suggests further possibilities for one‐electron chemistry at the Au centre, for which only limited examples exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silène Engbers
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
| | - Isaac F. Leach
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
| | - Remco W. A. Havenith
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
- Ghent Quantum Chemistry Group Department of Chemistry Ghent University Ghent 9000 Gent Belgium
| | - Johannes E. M. N. Klein
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Joven‐Sancho D, Baya M, Falvello LR, Martín A, Orduna J, Menjón B. Stability of Ag III towards Halides in Organosilver(III) Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:12796-12806. [PMID: 34190377 PMCID: PMC8519087 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of silver in two-electron AgI /AgIII processes is currently emerging. However, the range of stability of the required and uncommon AgIII species is virtually unknown. Here, the stability of AgIII towards the whole set of halide ligands in the organosilver(III) complex frame [(CF3 )3 AgX]- (X=F, Cl, Br, I, At) is theoretically analyzed. The results obtained depend on a single factor: the nature of X. Even the softest and least electronegative halides (I and At) are found to form reasonably stable AgIII -X bonds. Our estimates were confirmed by experiment. The whole series of nonradiative halide complexes [PPh4 ][(CF3 )3 AgX] (X=F, Cl, Br, I) has been experimentally prepared and all its constituents have been isolated in pure form. The pseudohalides [PPh4 ][(CF3 )3 AgCN] and [PPh4 ][(CF3 )3 Ag(N3 )] have also been isolated, the latter being the first silver(III) azido complex. Except for the iodo compound, all the crystal and molecular structures have been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The decomposition paths of the [(CF3 )3 AgX]- entities at the unimolecular level have been examined in the gas phase by multistage mass spectrometry (MSn ). The experimental detection of the two series of mixed complexes [CF3 AgX]- and [FAgX]- arising from the corresponding parent species [(CF3 )3 AgX]- demonstrate that the Ag-X bond is particularly robust. Our experimental observations are rationalized with the aid of theoretical methods. Smooth variation with the electronegativity of X is also observed in the thermolyses of bulk samples. The thermal stability in the solid state gradually decreases from X=F (145 °C, dec.) to X=I (78 °C, dec.) The experimentally established compatibility of AgIII with the heaviest halides is of particular relevance to silver-mediated or silver-catalyzed processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Joven‐Sancho
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH)CSIC-Universidad de ZaragozaC/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009ZaragozaSpain
| | - Miguel Baya
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH)CSIC-Universidad de ZaragozaC/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009ZaragozaSpain
| | - Larry R. Falvello
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009ZaragozaSpain
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH)CSIC-Universidad de ZaragozaC/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009ZaragozaSpain
| | - Jesús Orduna
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009ZaragozaSpain
| | - Babil Menjón
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH)CSIC-Universidad de ZaragozaC/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009ZaragozaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Engbers S, Trifonova EA, Hess KM, Vries F, Klein JEMN. Synthesis of a Sterically Encumbered Pincer Au(III)−OH Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silène Engbers
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Evgeniya A. Trifonova
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Kristopher M. Hess
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Vries
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Johannes E. M. N. Klein
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Buil ML, Collado A, Esteruelas MA, Gómez-Gallego M, Izquierdo S, Nicasio AI, Oñate E, Sierra MA. Preparation and Degradation of Rhodium and Iridium Diolefin Catalysts for the Acceptorless and Base-Free Dehydrogenation of Secondary Alcohols. Organometallics 2021; 40:989-1003. [PMID: 35692372 PMCID: PMC9180741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Rhodium
and iridium diolefin catalysts for the acceptorless and
base-free dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols have been prepared,
and their degradation has been investigated, during the study of the
reactivity of the dimers [M(μ-Cl)(η4-C8H12)]2 (M = Rh (1), Ir
(2)) and [M(μ-OH)(η4-C8H12)]2 (M = Rh (3), Ir (4)) with 1,3-bis(6′-methyl-2′-pyridylimino)isoindoline
(HBMePHI). Complex 1 reacts with HBMePHI, in dichloromethane,
to afford equilibrium mixtures of 1, the mononuclear
derivative RhCl(η4-C8H12){κ1-Npy-(HBMePHI)} (5), and the binuclear species [RhCl(η4-C8H12)]2{μ-Npy,Npy-(HBMePHI)} (6). Under
the same conditions, complex 2 affords the iridium counterparts
IrCl(η4-C8H12){κ1-Npy-(HBMePHI)} (7) and [IrCl(η4-C8H12)]2{μ-Npy,Npy-(HBMePHI)} (8). In contrast to chloride,
one of the hydroxide groups of 3 and 4 promotes
the deprotonation of HBMePHI to give [M(η4-C8H12)]2(μ-OH){μ-Npy,Niso-(BMePHI)} (M = Rh
(9), Ir (10)), which are efficient precatalysts
for the acceptorless and base-free dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols.
In the presence of KOtBu, the [BMePHI]− ligand undergoes three different degradations: alcoholysis
of an exocyclic isoindoline-N double bond, alcoholysis of a pyridyl-N
bond, and opening of the five-membered ring of the isoindoline core.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María L. Buil
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alba Collado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mar Gómez-Gallego
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Izquierdo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio I. Nicasio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Sierra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Levchenko V, Øien-Ødegaard S, Wragg D, Tilset M. Crystal structure of (N^C) cyclo-metalated Au III diazide at 100 K. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:1725-1727. [PMID: 33209341 PMCID: PMC7643232 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989020012955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, an (N^C)-cyclo-metalated gold(III) diazide, namely, di-azido-[5-eth-oxy-carbonyl-2-(5-eth-oxy-carbonyl-pyridin-2-yl)phenyl-κ2 C 1,N]gold(III), [Au(C17H16NO4)(N3)2] or Au(ppyEt)(N3)2, was synthesized by reacting Au(ppyEt)Cl2 with NaN3 in water for 24 h. The complex has been structurally characterized and features a gold center with a square-planar environment. The Au-N(azide) bond lengths are significantly different depending on the influence of the atom trans to the azide group [Au-N(trans to C) of 2.067 (2) Å versus Au-N(trans to N) of 2.042 (2) Å]. The azide groups are twisted in-and-out of plane by 56.2 (2)°.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Levchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), University of Oslo, PO Box 1126 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigurd Øien-Ødegaard
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), University of Oslo, PO Box 1126 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - David Wragg
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), University of Oslo, PO Box 1126 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), University of Oslo, PO Box 1126 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Buil ML, Esteruelas MA, Gay MP, Gómez-Gallego M, Nicasio AI, Oñate E, Santiago A, Sierra MA. Osmium Catalysts for Acceptorless and Base-Free Dehydrogenation of Alcohols and Amines: Unusual Coordination Modes of a BPI Anion. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María L. Buil
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Pilar Gay
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mar Gómez-Gallego
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de CC. Químicas,
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio I. Nicasio
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alicia Santiago
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de CC. Químicas,
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Sierra
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de CC. Químicas,
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nelson DJ, Nolan SP. Hydroxide complexes of the late transition metals: Organometallic chemistry and catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
14
|
Holmsen MSM, Nova A, Balcells D, Langseth E, Øien-Ødegaard S, Heyn RH, Tilset M, Laurenczy G. trans-Mutation at Gold(III): A Mechanistic Study of a Catalytic Acetylene Functionalization via a Double Insertion Pathway. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eirin Langseth
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 124
Blindern, Oslo N-0314, Norway
| | | | - Richard H. Heyn
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 124
Blindern, Oslo N-0314, Norway
| | | | - Gábor Laurenczy
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|