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Zych D. DFT/TD-DFT Framework of Mixed-Metal Complexes with Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Bridging Ligands-Step-By-Step Investigations: Mononuclear, Dinuclear Homometallic, and Heterometallic for Optoelectronic Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7783. [PMID: 34947376 PMCID: PMC8709181 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, mono- and dinuclear complexes have been in the interest of scientists due to their potential application in optoelectronics. Herein, progressive theoretical investigations starting from mononuclear followed by homo- and heterometallic dinuclear osmium and/or ruthenium complexes with NCN-cyclometalating bridging ligands substituted by one or two kinds of heteroaryl groups (pyrazol-1-yl and 4-(2,2-dimethylpropyloxy)pyrid-2-yl) providing the short/long axial symmetry or asymmetry are presented. Step-by-step information about the particular part that built the mixed-metal complexes is crucial to understanding their behavior and checking the necessity of their eventual studies. Evaluation by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations allowed gaining information about the frontier orbitals, energy gaps, and physical parameters of complexes and their oxidized forms. Through time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), calculations showed the optical properties, with a particular emphasis on the nature of low-energy bands. The presented results are a clear indication for other scientists in the field of chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Zych
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
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Zych D, Kurpanik A, Slodek A, Maroń A, Pająk M, Szafraniec-Gorol G, Matussek M, Krompiec S, Schab-Balcerzak E, Kotowicz S, Siwy M, Smolarek K, Maćkowski S, Danikiewicz W. NCN-Coordinating Ligands based on Pyrene Structure with Potential Application in Organic Electronics. Chemistry 2017; 23:15746-15758. [PMID: 28853184 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Five novel derivatives of pyrene, substituted at positions 1,3,6,8 with 4-(2,2-dimethylpropyloxy)pyridine (P1), 4-decyloxypyridine (P2), 4-pentylpyridine (P3), 1-decyl-1,2,3-triazole (P4), and 1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazole (P5), are obtained through a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction or CuI -catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, respectively, and characterized thoroughly. TGA measurements reveal the high thermal stability of the compounds. Pyrene derivatives P1-P5 all show photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (Φ) of approximately 75 % in solution. Solid-state photo- and electroluminescence characteristics of selected compounds as organic light-emitting diodes are tested. In the guest-host configuration, two matrixes, that is, poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and a binary matrix consisting of PVK and 2-tert-butylphenyl-5-biphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD) (50:50 wt %), are applied. The diodes show red, green, or blue electroluminescence, depending on both the compound chemical structure and the actual device architecture. In addition, theoretical studies (DFT and TD-DFT) provide a deeper understanding of the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Zych
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aneta Kurpanik
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aneta Slodek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Pająk
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grażyna Szafraniec-Gorol
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Matussek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Stanisław Krompiec
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.,Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska 34, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Sonia Kotowicz
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska 34, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Karolina Smolarek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Witold Danikiewicz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warszawa 42, Poland
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