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Fakhri MA, Salim ET, Ketab MR, Jabbar HD, Ibrahim OA, Azzahrani AS, AbdulRazzaq MJ, Ismail RA, Basem A, Alsultany FH, Gopinath SCB. Optimizing charge transport in hybrid GaN-PEDOT:PSS/PMMADevice for advanced application. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12841. [PMID: 38834703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid light-emitting devices have garnered significant attention in the last few years due to their potential. These devices integrate the superior electron mobility of inorganic semiconductors with the remarkable optoelectronic characteristics of organic semiconductors. The inquiry focused on analyzing the optical and electrical properties of a light-emitting heterojunction that combines p-type GaN with organic materials (PEDOT, PSS, and PMMA). This heterojunction is an organic-inorganic hybrid. The procedure entailed utilizing a spin-coating technique to apply a layer of either poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or a mixture of PMMA and poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. Subsequently, different Nd:YAG laser pulses (200, 250, and 300 pulses) were used to administer a GaN inorganic layer onto the prepared organic layer using a pulsed laser deposition approach. Subsequently, the thermal evaporation technique was employed to deposit an aluminum electrode on the top of the organic and inorganic layers, while laser pulses were fine-tuned for optimal performance. The Hall effect investigation verifies the p-type conductivity of the GaN material. The electroluminescence studies confirmed the production of blue light by the GaN-based devices throughout a range of voltage situations, spanning from 45 to 72 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makram A Fakhri
- Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Evan T Salim
- Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Marwah R Ketab
- Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Haneen D Jabbar
- Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
- Iraqi Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq
- Shatt Al-Arab University College, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Omar A Ibrahim
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmad S Azzahrani
- Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Raid A Ismail
- Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Basem
- Air Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
| | - Forat H Alsultany
- Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602 105, India
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Inage K, Wang M, Hasegawa Y, Kitagawa Y. Effective photosensitized emission of a Tb(III) complex using a β-diketonate photosensitizer and an oxygen barrier system in a thermally populated triplet state. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8555-8562. [PMID: 38567493 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Photosensitizer design of luminescent terbium (Tb(III)) complexes with narrow bandwidths is important for advancing luminescent materials. In this study, we report an effective photosensitizer model in a thermally populated lowest excited triplet (T1) state during Tb(III) emission. The Tb(III) complex comprises a Tb(III) ion (serving as an emission center), hexafluoroacetylacetonates (acting as photosensitizer ligands), and bulky cyclohexyl group-attached phosphine-oxide-type ligands (functioning as an oxygen barrier system). Emission properties including emission and excitation spectra, ligand-excited emission quantum yields, and emission lifetimes were evaluated in the absence and presence of oxygen. Coordination geometry structures were determined through analysing single-crystal structures. The electronic structure based on 4f-orbitals was estimated from radiative rate constants and quantum chemical calculations. The bulky phosphine oxide ligand not only provides an oxygen barrier system but also induces an electronic structural modulation based on 4f-orbitals, allowing for effective photosensitized Tb(III) emission in a thermally populated ligand T1 state in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Inage
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Mengfei Wang
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Hasegawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitagawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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Yin HJ, Xiao ZG, Feng Y, Yao CJ. Recent Progress in Photonic Upconversion Materials for Organic Lanthanide Complexes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5642. [PMID: 37629933 PMCID: PMC10456671 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic lanthanide complexes have garnered significant attention in various fields due to their intriguing energy transfer mechanism, enabling the upconversion (UC) of two or more low-energy photons into high-energy photons. In comparison to lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles, organic UC complexes hold great promise for biological delivery applications due to their advantageous properties of controllable size and composition. This review aims to provide a summary of the fundamental concept and recent developments of organic lanthanide-based UC materials based on different mechanisms. Furthermore, we also detail recent applications in the fields of bioimaging and solar cells. The developments and forthcoming challenges in organic lanthanide-based UC offer readers valuable insights and opportunities to engage in further research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ju Yin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (H.-J.Y.); (Z.-G.X.)
| | - Zhong-Gui Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (H.-J.Y.); (Z.-G.X.)
| | - Yansong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Kitagawa Y, Nakai T, Hosoya S, Shoji S, Hasegawa Y. Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes for Effective Oxygen-Sensing and Singlet Oxygen Generation. Chempluschem 2023:e202200445. [PMID: 36756816 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen quantification using luminescence has attracted considerable attention in various fields, including environmental monitoring and clinical analysis. Among the reported luminophores, trivalent lanthanide complexes have displayed characteristic narrow emission bands with high brightness. This bright emission is based on photo-sensitized energy transfer via organic triplet states. The organic triplet states in lanthanide complexes effectively react with the triplet oxygen, enabling oxygen quantification by lanthanide luminescence. Some TbIII and EuIII complexes with slow deactivation processes have also formed the excited state equilibrium, thus resulting in the emission-lifetime based oxygen sensing property. The combination of TbIII /EuIII emission, EuIII /SmIII emission, EuIII /ligand phosphorescence, and ligand fluorescence/ligand phosphorescence provide the ratiometric oxygen-sensing properties. Moreover, the reaction generates singlet oxygen species which exhibit numerous applications in the photo-medical field. The ligands with large π-conjugated aromatic systems, such as porphyrin, phthalocyanine, and polyaromatic compounds, induces highly efficient oxygen generation. The combination of effective luminescence with singlet-oxygen generation by the lanthanide complexes render them suitable for photo-driven theranostics. This review summarizes the research progress of lanthanide complexes with efficient oxygen-sensing and singlet-oxygen generation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitagawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takuma Nakai
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shota Hosoya
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Sunao Shoji
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Hasegawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan
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Li P, Li H. Recent progress in the lanthanide-complexes based luminescent hybrid materials. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Farinhas J, Correia SFH, Fu L, Botas AMP, André PS, Ferreira RAS, Charas A. Ultraviolet-Filtering Luminescent Transparent Coatings for High-Performance PTB7-Th:ITIC–Based Organic Solar Cells. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.635929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) devices based on organic heterojunctions have recently achieved remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) values. However, photodegradation is often a cause of dramatic drops in device performance. The use of ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing luminescent downshifting (LDS) layers can be a mitigation strategy to simultaneously filter UV radiation reaching the device and reemit it with lower energy in the visible spectral range, matching the maximum spectral response of the PV cells and thus enabling the increase of the photocurrent generated by the cell. In this work, we report the use of a Eu3+-doped siliceous-based organic–inorganic hybrid as a coating on organic solar cells based on the PTB7-Th:ITIC bulk heterojunction with the purpose of increasing their performance. We found that the applied coatings yield a PCE enhancement of ∼22% (from 3.1 to 3.8%) in solar cells with spin-coated layers, compared with the bare solar cells, which is among the highest performance enhancements induced by plastic luminescent coatings.
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