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Latha AT, P CAS. Air-Stable Iron(III) Salen Complexes for Selective Hydroboration of Ketones and Unactivated Imines without Base Activation. J Org Chem 2024; 89:8376-8384. [PMID: 38847608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of air-stable, cost-effective, and readily synthesizable iron(III) salen complexes (Fe-1 and Fe-2) for facilitating the selective hydroboration of ketones and unactivated imines with pinacolborane in the absence of any additive. These catalyst systems exhibited good yields, chemoselectivity, high atom economy, and a broad substrate scope under mild reaction conditions with a minimal catalyst loading of 0.2 mol %. The catalytic efficiency of Fe-1 has been demonstrated through the hydroboration of diverse aromatic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic ketones and imines with a turnover number of up to 1000, highlighting its broad substrate scope. Ketones are chemoselectively hydroborated over other functional groups such as imines, alkenes, esters, nitriles, acids, and alcohols. Besides, the synthetic utility of this strategy has also been showcased by the construction of a natural chiral monoterpenoid carveol. This protocol can be readily scaled up for gram-scale synthesis of alcohols, which underscores the potential industrial applicability of our catalyst system in the synthesis of secondary alcohols on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjima T Latha
- Main Group Organometallics Optoelectronic Materials and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, India
| | - Chinna Ayya Swamy P
- Main Group Organometallics Optoelectronic Materials and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, India
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2
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Krupa B, Szyling J, Walkowiak J. Pt(PPh 3) 4 and Pt(PPh 3) 4@IL catalyzed hydroboration of ketones. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20237. [PMID: 37981660 PMCID: PMC10658173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient method for the reduction of various ketones via [Pt(PPh3)4]-catalyzed hydroboration with HBpin has been successfully developed for the first time. The protocol is suitable for symmetrical and unsymmetrical derivatives possessing electron donating or withdrawing functional groups. O-borylated products were easily converted to 2° alcohols via hydrolysis with high isolated yields. According to the low-temperature NMR spectroscopy, a reaction mechanism was proposed. Additionally, effective immobilization of the catalyst in the ionic liquid [BMIM][NTf2] was applied to increase the productivity of the process by carrying out reactions under the repetitive batch mode, obtaining higher TON values and limiting the amount of expensive Pt used. The catalyst stability and almost neglectable leaching were confirmed by ICP-MS analysis of the extracted mixture. A simple separation method via extraction with n-heptane, efficient catalyst immobilization, and the commercial availability of the Pt complex, make this protocol an attractive method for the hydroboration of ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Krupa
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Szyling
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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3
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Sarkar N, Kumar Sahoo R, Nembenna S. Aluminium-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Esters and Epoxides to Alcohols: C-O Bond Activation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203023. [PMID: 36226774 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the molecular aluminium dihydride complex bearing an N, N'-chelated conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) ligand is used as a catalyst for reducing a wide range of aryl and alkyl esters with good tolerance of alkene (C=C), alkyne (C≡C), halides (Cl, Br, I and F), nitrile (C≡N), and nitro (NO2 ) functionalities. Further, we investigated the catalytic application of aluminium dihydride in the C-O bond cleavage of alkyl and aryl epoxides into corresponding branched Markovnikov ring-opening products. In addition, the chemoselective intermolecular reduction of esters over other reducible functional groups, such as amides and alkenes, has been established. Intermediates are isolated and characterized by NMR and HRMS studies, which confirm the probable catalytic cycles for the hydroboration of esters and epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
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4
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Ni C, Pang Z, Qiao Y, Guo P, Ma X, Yang Z. Organoaluminum derived from Schiff bases: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance in hydroboration. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ramachandran PV, Alawaed AA, Hamann HJ. TiCl 4-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Ketones with Ammonia Borane. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13259-13269. [PMID: 36094411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of a variety of Lewis acids for the hydroboration-hydrolysis (reduction) of ketones with amine-boranes has revealed that catalytic (10 mol %) titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) in diethyl ether at room temperature immensely accelerates the reaction of ammonia borane. The product alcohols are produced in good to excellent yields within 30 min, even with ketones which typically requires 24 h or longer to reduce under uncatalyzed conditions. Several potentially reactive functionalities are tolerated, and substituted cycloalkanones are reduced diastereoselectively to the thermodynamic product. A deuterium labeling study and 11B NMR analysis of the reaction have been performed to verify the proposed hydroboration mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulkhaliq A Alawaed
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Henry J Hamann
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Spaller W, Lu J, Stokes B. Tetrahydroxydiboron‐Mediated Palladium‐Catalyzed Deoxygenative Transfer Hydrogenation of Aryl Ketones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Khuntia AP, Sarkar N, Patro AG, Sahoo RK, Nembenna S. Germanium Hydride Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration and Cyanosilylation of Ketones. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwesh Prasad Khuntia
- National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences SCS NISERbhubaneswar 752050 bhubaneswar INDIA
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - A Ganesh Patro
- National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences SCS NISERbhubaneswar 752050 bhubaneswar INDIA
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences SCS NISERbhubaneswar 752050 bhubaneswar INDIA
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) School of Chemical Sciences Jatni CampusNISER, BhubaneswarINDIA 752050 Bhubaneswar INDIA
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8
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Rezaei Bazkiaei A, Findlater M, Gorden AEV. Applications of catalysis in hydroboration of imines, nitriles, and carbodiimides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3675-3702. [PMID: 35451449 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00162d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic hydroboration of imines, nitriles, and carbodiimides is a powerful method of preparing amines which are key synthetic intermediates in the synthesis of many value-added products. Imine hydroboration has perennially featured in notable reports while nitrile and carbodiimide hydroboration have gained attention recently. Initial developments in catalytic hydroboration of imines and nitriles employed precious metals and typically required harsh reaction conditions. More recent advances have shifted toward the use of base metal and main group element catalysis and milder reaction conditions. In this survey, we review metal and nonmetal catalyzed hydroboration of these unsaturated organic molecules and group them into three distinct categories: precious metals, base metals, and main group catalysts. The TON and TOF of imine hydroboration catalysts are reported and summarized with a brief overview of recent advances in the field. Mechanistic and kinetic studies of some of these protocols are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adineh Rezaei Bazkiaei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
| | - Michael Findlater
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Merced, Merced, California 95343, USA.
| | - Anne E V Gorden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
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Mahato S, Rawal P, Devadkar AK, Joshi M, Roy Choudhury A, Biswas B, Gupta P, Panda TK. Hydroboration and reductive amination of ketones and aldehydes with HBpin by a bench stable Pd(II)-catalyst. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1103-1111. [PMID: 35029621 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02339j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A palladium(II) complex [(κ4-{1,2-C6H4(NCH-C6H4O)2}Pd] (1) supported by a dianionic salen ligand [1,2-C6H4(NCH-C6H4O)2]2- (L) was synthesised and used as a molecular pre-catalyst in the hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones. The molecular structure of Pd(II) complex 1 was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 was tested as a competent pre-catalyst in the hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones with pinacolborane (HBpin) to produce corresponding boronate esters in excellent yields at ambient temperature under solvent-free conditions. Further, the complex 1 proved to be a competent catalyst in the reductive amination of aldehydes with HBpin and primary amines under mild and solvent-free conditions to afford a high yield (up to 97%) of corresponding secondary amines. Both protocols provided high conversion, superior selectivity and broad substrate scope, from electron-withdrawing to electron-donating and heterocyclic substitutions. A computational study based on density functional theory (DFT) revealed a reaction mechanism for Pd-catalysed hydroboration of carbonyl species in the presence of HBpin. The protocols also uncovered the dual role of HBpin in achieving the hydroboration reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
| | - Parveen Rawal
- Computational Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Ajitrao Kisan Devadkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Mayank Joshi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | - Bhaskar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
| | - Puneet Gupta
- Computational Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
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Sarkar N, Sahoo RK, Mukhopadhyay S, Nembenna S. Organoaluminum Cation Catalyzed Selective Hydrosilylation of Carbonyls, Alkenes, and Alkyne. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Sarkar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences SCS NISERbhubaneswar 752050 bhubaneswar INDIA
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences SCS NISERbhubaneswar 752050 bhubaneswar INDIA
| | - Sayantan Mukhopadhyay
- National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences SCS NISERbhubaneswar 752050 bhubaneswar INDIA
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) School of Chemical Sciences Jatni CampusNISER, BhubaneswarINDIA 752050 Bhubaneswar INDIA
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11
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Geier SJ, Vogels CM, Melanson JA, Westcott SA. The transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8877-8922. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the development of the transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction, from its beginnings in the 1980s to more recent developments including earth-abundant catalysts and an ever-expanding array of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Vogels
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Melanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
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Nowicki M, Kuciński K, Hreczycho G, Hoffmann M. Catalytic and non-catalytic hydroboration of carbonyls: quantum-chemical studies. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3004-3015. [PMID: 33885554 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00037c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of hydroboranes across several unsaturated moieties is a universal synthetic tool for the reduction or functionalization of unsaturated moieties. Given the sustainable nature of this process, the development of more environmentally-benign approaches (main-group catalysis or uncatalysed approaches) for hydroboration has gained considerable recent momentum. The present paper examines both catalyst-free and KF-mediated hydroboration of carbonyl compounds with the use of quantum-chemical methods. The results of computations for several potential reaction pathways are juxtaposed with experiment-based calculations, which leads to stepwise mechanisms and energy profiles for the reactions of pinacolborane with benzaldehyde and acetophenone (in the presence of KF). For each step of these reactions, we provide an accurate description of the geometric and electronic structures of corresponding stationary points. Five different levels of theory are employed to select the most applicable theoretical approach and develop a computational protocol for further research. Upon selection of the best-performing methods, larger molecular systems are studied to explore possible more complex pathways at the M06-2X/6-311++G(2d,p) and ωB97XD/6-311++G(2d,p) levels of theory, which brings up multi-pathway, overlapping catalytic cycles. The mechanism of solvent-free, catalyst-free hydroboration of aldehydes is also revisited through the prism of the elaborated methodology, which leads to a whole new perspective on the pathways of this and similar reactions, with a multimolecular cascade of hydride transfers being more energetically favoured than a four-membered transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Nowicki
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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Sahoo RK, Mahato M, Jana A, Nembenna S. Zinc Hydride-Catalyzed Hydrofuntionalization of Ketones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11200-11210. [PMID: 32786632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three new dimeric bis-guanidinate zinc(II) alkyl, halide, and hydride complexes [LZnEt]2 (1), [LZnI]2 (2) and [LZnH]2 (3) were prepared. Compound 3 was successfully employed for the hydrosilylation and hydroboration of a vast number of ketones. The catalytic performance of 3 in the hydroboration of acetophenone exhibits a turnover frequency, reaching up to 5800 h-1, outperforming that of reported zinc hydride catalysts. Notably, both intra- and intermolecular chemoselective hydrosilylation and hydroboration reactions have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
| | - Mamata Mahato
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
| | - Achintya Jana
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar 752 050, India
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