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Paderni D, Macedi E, Giacomazzo GE, Formica M, Giorgi L, Valtancoli B, Rossi P, Paoli P, Conti L, Fusi V, Giorgi C. A new biphenol-dipicolylamine based ligand and its dinuclear Zn 2+ complex as fluorescent sensors for ibuprofen and ketoprofen in aqueous solution. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9495-9509. [PMID: 38767612 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00935e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the study of the new ligand 3,3'-bis[N,N-bis(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)aminomethyl]-2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl (L) is reported, where a central 2,2'-biphenol (BPH) fluorophore was functionalized at 3,3'-positions with two dipicolylamine (DPA) side arms as receptor units. Following the synthesis and full chemical-physical characterization, the acid-base and Zn2+-coordination abilities of L were investigated through a combination of potentiometric, UV-Vis, fluorescence, NMR, XRD and DFT measurements. The optical properties of the ligand turned out to be strongly dependent on the pH, being straightforwardly associated with the protonation state of the BPH moiety, whereas its peculiar design allowed to form stable mono and dinuclear Zn2+ complexes. In the latter species, the presence of two Zn2+ ions coordinatively unsaturated and placed at close distance to each other, prompted us to test their usefulness as metallo-receptors for two environmental pollutants of great relevance, ibuprofen and ketoprofen. Potentiometric and fluorescence investigations evidenced that these important non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effectively coordinated by the metallo-receptors and, of relevance, both the stability and the fluorescence properties of the resulting ternary adducts are markedly affected by the different chemical architectures of the two substrates. This study aims at highlighting the promising perspectives arising from the use of polyamino phenolic ligands as chemosensors for H+/Zn2+ and other additional anionic targets in their metal-complexed forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Paderni
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, via Ca' le Suore, 2-4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Macedi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, via Ca' le Suore, 2-4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Gina Elena Giacomazzo
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Mauro Formica
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, via Ca' le Suore, 2-4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Luca Giorgi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, via Ca' le Suore, 2-4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Barbara Valtancoli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Rossi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Paoli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Conti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Vieri Fusi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, via Ca' le Suore, 2-4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Claudia Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
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Macedi E, Giorgi L, Formica M, Rossi P, Paderni D, Paoli P, Fusi V. A Tetranuclear Copper(II)/Calcium(II) Complex as Dual Chemosensor for Colorimetric and Fluorescent Detection of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200364. [PMID: 36658696 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The tetranuclear Cu2+ /Ca2+ /Ca2+ /Cu2+ complex based on Malten ligand has been investigated as a platform for anion binding. Simple organic carboxylates and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been tested, revealing the ability of the platform to bind them. The receiving platform hosts at least two guests in solution although a third anion can be bound, as suggested by X-ray diffraction analysis. The addition of the anions is accompanied by a color change of the solution, making the system a colorimetric sensor for carboxylates (LOD values comprised between 3.6 and 20.7 ppm). A fluorescent system consisting of the 2-(3-oxido-6-oxoxanthen-9-yl)benzoate (fluorescein anion) linked to the tetranuclear platform has been also prepared and used in a chemosensing ensemble approach to signal the presence of the selected anions (Log K between 2.6 and 5.6 for the addition of two guests). The latter also works in a paper strip test, offering the chemosensor a possible practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Macedi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luca Giorgi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mauro Formica
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rossi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, via S. Marta 3, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Paderni
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Paola Paoli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, via S. Marta 3, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Vieri Fusi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
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Formica M, Fusi V, Paderni D, Ambrosi G, Inclán M, Clares MP, Verdejo B, García-España E. A Metal-Based Receptor for Selective Coordination and Fluorescent Sensing of Chloride. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082352. [PMID: 33919489 PMCID: PMC8073790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A scorpionate Zn2+ complex, constituted by a macrocyclic pyridinophane core attached to a pendant arm containing a fluorescent pyridyl-oxadiazole-phenyl unit (PyPD), has been shown to selectively recognize chloride anions, giving rise to changes in fluorescence emission that are clearly visible under a 365 nm UV lamp. This recognition event has been studied by means of absorption, fluorescence, and NMR spectroscopy, and it involves the intramolecular displacement of the PyPD unit by chloride anions. Moreover, since the chromophore is not removed from the system after the recognition event, the fluorescence can readily be restored by elimination of the bound chloride anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Formica
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (V.F.); (D.P.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.I.); Tel.: +39-072-230-4883 (M.F.); +34-964-4377 (M.I.)
| | - Vieri Fusi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (V.F.); (D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Daniele Paderni
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (V.F.); (D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Gianluca Ambrosi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (V.F.); (D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Mario Inclán
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna Valencia, Spain; (M.P.C.); (B.V.); (E.G.-E.)
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.I.); Tel.: +39-072-230-4883 (M.F.); +34-964-4377 (M.I.)
| | - Maria Paz Clares
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna Valencia, Spain; (M.P.C.); (B.V.); (E.G.-E.)
| | - Begoña Verdejo
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna Valencia, Spain; (M.P.C.); (B.V.); (E.G.-E.)
| | - Enrique García-España
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna Valencia, Spain; (M.P.C.); (B.V.); (E.G.-E.)
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Picci G, Milia J, Aragoni MC, Arca M, Coles SJ, Garau A, Lippolis V, Montis R, Orton JB, Caltagirone C. Switching-On Fluorescence by Copper (II) and Basic Anions: A Case Study with a Pyrene-Functionalized Squaramide. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051301. [PMID: 33670937 PMCID: PMC7957675 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The new symmetric acyclic N,N’-bis(1-pyrenyl) squaramide (H2L) functionalized with the pyrene moiety as a fluorogenic fragment has been designed and its ability to selectively detect specific anions and metals investigated. H2L selectively binds Cl− both in solution (DMSO 0.5% H2O and MeCN) and in the solid state, and allows to selectively detect Cu2+ in MeCN with the formation of a 2:1 metal-receptor complex, with a green intense emission appreciable by naked eye under the UV lamp. The H2L copper complex preserves its emission properties in the presence of Cl−. The addition of basic anions (OH−, CN−, and F−) up to 10 equivalents caused the deprotonation of the squaramide NHs and a dramatic change of the emission properties of the H2L copper complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Picci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (J.M.); (M.C.A.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (V.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-070-675-4452 (C.C.)
| | - Jessica Milia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (J.M.); (M.C.A.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Maria Carla Aragoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (J.M.); (M.C.A.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (J.M.); (M.C.A.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Simon J. Coles
- National Crystallography Service, Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (S.J.C.); (J.B.O.)
| | - Alessandra Garau
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (J.M.); (M.C.A.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (J.M.); (M.C.A.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Riccardo Montis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - James B. Orton
- National Crystallography Service, Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (S.J.C.); (J.B.O.)
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (J.M.); (M.C.A.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (V.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-070-675-4452 (C.C.)
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