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Lonergan RF, Conway GA, Doheny PW, Shepherd HJ. Spontaneous Synthesis of [Fe II (Atrz) 3 ]SO 4 and its Analogues Through Accelerated Ageing: New Insights from Small-Scale Reactions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201823. [PMID: 35984234 PMCID: PMC9826154 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated ageing reactions that take place between two solid materials on contact in the absence of added solvent have been used to synthesize two spin-crossover-active 1D coordination polymers and one of their Cu(II) analogues. The hygroscopy of the ligands and the relative humidity of the reaction chamber have been shown to be particularly important factors in the rate of reaction. Small-scale reactions between a few individual crystals have allowed observation of deliquescence of the 4-aminotriazole ligand at high humidity. The metal salt does not dissolve, and the ligand diffuses into the crystal of the metal salt during the reaction. In the case of the Cu analogue, the formation of the product causes the crystal of the metal salt to deform with the formation of pseudocrystals, which have a fibrous structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhona F. Lonergan
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of KentGiles LaneCanterburyCT2 7NZUK
| | - Georgina A. Conway
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of KentGiles LaneCanterburyCT2 7NZUK
| | - Patrick W. Doheny
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of KentGiles LaneCanterburyCT2 7NZUK
| | - Helena J. Shepherd
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of KentGiles LaneCanterburyCT2 7NZUK
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2
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Bibik YS, Shova S, Rotaru A, Shylin SI, Fritsky IO, Lampeka RD, Gural'skiy IA. Cooperative Spin Crossover above Room Temperature in the Iron(II) Cyanoborohydride-Pyrazine Complex. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14761-14769. [PMID: 36067517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hysteretic spin crossover in coordination complexes of 3d-metal ions represents one of the most spectacular phenomena of molecular bistability. In this paper we describe a self-assembly of pyrazine (pz) and Fe(BH3CN)2 that afforded the new 2D coordination polymer [Fe(pz)2(BH3CN)2]∞. It undergoes an abrupt, hysteretic spin crossover (SCO) with a T1/2 of 338 K (heating) and 326 K (cooling) according to magnetic susceptibility measurements. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed a complete transition between the low-spin (LS) and the high-spin (HS) states of the iron centers. This LS-to-HS transition induced an increase of the unit cell volume by 10.6%. Meanwhile, a modulation of multiple [C-Hδ+···Hδ--B] dihydrogen bonds stimulates a contraction in direction c (2.2%). The simplicity of the synthesis, mild temperatures of transition, a pronounced thermochromism, stability upon thermal cycling, a striking volume expansion upon SCO, and an easy processability to composite films make this new complex an attractive material for switchable components of diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurii S Bibik
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergiu Shova
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Aurelian Rotaru
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science & MANSiD Research Center, Ştefan cel Mare University, Universitatii St. 13, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Sergii I Shylin
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Igor O Fritsky
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Rostyslav D Lampeka
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Il'ya A Gural'skiy
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Angulo-Cervera JE, Piedrahita-Bello M, Martin B, Alavi SE, Nicolazzi W, Salmon L, Molnár G, Bousseksou A. Thermal hysteresis of stress and strain in spin-crossover@polymer composites: towards a rational design of actuator devices. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 3:5131-5137. [PMID: 35812835 PMCID: PMC9207597 DOI: 10.1039/d2ma00459c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymer composites of molecular spin crossover complexes have emerged as promising mechanical actuator materials, but their effective thermomechanical properties remain elusive. In this work, we investigated a series of iron(ii)-triazole@P(VDF-TrFE) particulate composites using a tensile testing stage with temperature control. From these measurements, we assessed the temperature dependence of the Young's modulus as well as the free deformation and blocking stress, associated with the thermally-induced spin transition. The results denote that the expansion of the particles at the spin transition is effectively transferred to the macroscopic composite material, providing ca. 1-3% axial strain for 25% particle load. This strain is in excess of the 'neat' particle strain, which we attribute to particle-matrix mechanical coupling. On the other hand, the blocking stress (∼1 MPa) appears reduced by the softening of the composite around the spin transition temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Baptiste Martin
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Seyed Ehsan Alavi
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse France
| | - William Nicolazzi
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Lionel Salmon
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Gábor Molnár
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Azzedine Bousseksou
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse France
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Piedrahita-Bello M, Zan Y, Enriquez-Cabrera A, Molnár G, Tondu B, Salmon L, Bousseksou A. Effect of the spin crossover filler concentration on the performance of composite bilayer actuators. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Shylin SI, Shova S, Shepherd HJ, Ksenofontov V, Tremel W, Gural'skiy IA. 1D iron(II)-1,2,4-triazolic chains with spin crossover assembled from discrete trinuclear complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2364-2369. [PMID: 35043827 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00004k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on a molecular cationic iron(II) complex with a 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole ligand and a tetraiodomercurate anion exhibiting an incomplete spin crossover (SCO). The complex exhibits an unusual disordered structure with a linear arrangement of ligand and water molecules that can potentially accommodate up to four iron atoms, but both terminal metal positions have half chemical occupancies, while occupancies of all ligands are full. This corresponds to the crystallisation of disordered trinuclear complexes arranged into 1D supramolecular chains. Iron cations have different N6 or N3O3 coordination environments, leading to the thermally induced SCO in two thirds of the metal centres. This SCO behaviour was characterised by magnetic susceptibility measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergii I Shylin
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska 64, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine. .,Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, PO Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergiu Shova
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Helena J Shepherd
- Supramolecular, Interfacial & Synthetic Chemistry Group, School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Vadim Ksenofontov
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Il'ya A Gural'skiy
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska 64, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine.
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Vynohradov OS, Pavlenko VA, Kucheriv OI, Golenya IA, Petlovanyi D, Shova S. Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of di-μ-chlorido-bis-[(aceto-nitrile-κ N)chlorido-(ethyl 5-methyl-1 H-pyrazole-3-carboxyl-ate-κ 2 N 2, O)copper(II)]. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2021; 77:1153-1157. [PMID: 34868654 PMCID: PMC8587973 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989021010653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, [Cu2Cl4(C5H10N2O2)2(CH3CN)2] or [Cu2(μ2-Cl)2(CH3-Pz-COOCH2CH3)2Cl2(CH3CN)2], was synthesized using a one-pot reaction of copper powder, copper(II) chloride dihydrate and ethyl 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxyl-ate (CH3-Pz-COOCH2CH3) in aceto-nitrile under ambient conditions. This complex consists of discrete binuclear mol-ecules with a {Cu2(μ2-Cl)2} core, in which the Cu⋯Cu distance is 3.8002 (7) Å. The pyrazole-based ligands are bidentate coordinated, leading to the formation of two five-membered chelate rings. The coordination geometry of both copper atoms (ON2Cl3) can be described as distorted octa-hedral on account of the aceto-nitrile coordination. A Hirshfeld surface analysis suggests that the most important contributions to the surface contacts are from H⋯H (40%), H⋯Cl/Cl⋯H (24.3%), H⋯O/O⋯H (11.8%), H⋯C/C⋯H (9.2%) and H⋯N/N⋯H (8.3%) inter-actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr S. Vynohradov
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vadim A. Pavlenko
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olesia I. Kucheriv
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Irina A. Golenya
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Sergiu Shova
- "Poni Petru" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica, Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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Palluel M, El Khoury L, Daro N, Buffière S, Josse M, Marchivie M, Chastanet G. Rational direct synthesis of [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) polymorphs: temperature and concentration effects. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00482d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rational design of [Fe(Htrz)2trz](BF4) spin crossover (SCO) polymorphs through the study of the phase diagram and structure refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Palluel
- CNRS
- University of Bordeaux
- Bordeaux INP
- UMR 5026
- F-33600 Pessac
| | - Liza El Khoury
- CNRS
- University of Bordeaux
- Bordeaux INP
- UMR 5026
- F-33600 Pessac
| | - Nathalie Daro
- CNRS
- University of Bordeaux
- Bordeaux INP
- UMR 5026
- F-33600 Pessac
| | - Sonia Buffière
- CNRS
- University of Bordeaux
- Bordeaux INP
- UMR 5026
- F-33600 Pessac
| | - Michael Josse
- CNRS
- University of Bordeaux
- Bordeaux INP
- UMR 5026
- F-33600 Pessac
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