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Zhao YQ, Li ZP, Dong SC, Wang H, Zhao YM, Dong LY, Zhao ZY, Wang XH. Preparation of micron-sized benzamidine-modified magnetic agarose beads for trypsin purification from fish viscera. Talanta 2024; 280:126745. [PMID: 39180874 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The effective method for trypsin purification should be established because trypsin has important economic value. In this work, a novel and simple strategy was proposed for fabricating micron-sized magnetic Fe3O4@agarose-benzamidine beads (MABB) with benzamidine as a ligand, which can efficiently and selectively capture trypsin. The micro-sized MABB, with clear spherical core-shell structure and average particle size of 6.6 μm, showed excellent suspension ability and magnetic responsiveness in aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity and selectivity of MABB towards target trypsin were significantly better than those of non-target lysozyme. According to the Langmuir equation, the maximum adsorption capacity of MABB for trypsin was 1946 mg g-1 at 25 °C, and the adsorption should be a physical sorption process. Furthermore, the initial adsorption rate and half equilibrium time of MABB toward trypsin were 787.4 mg g-1 min-1 and 0.71 min, respectively. To prove the practicability, MABB-based magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) was proposed, and the related parameters were optimized in detail to improve the purification efficiency. With Tris-HCl buffer (50 mM, 10 mM CaCl2, pH 8.0) as extraction buffer, Tris-HCl buffer (50 mM, 100 mM CaCl2, pH 8.0) as rinsing buffer, acidic eluent (0.01 M HCl, 0.5 M NaCl, pH 2.0) as eluent buffer and alkaline buffer (1 M Tris-HCl buffer, pH 10.0) as neutralization solution, the MABB-based MSPE was successfully used for trypsin purification from the viscera of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The molecular weight of purified trypsin was determined as approximate 23 kDa through sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The purified trypsin was highly active from 30 °C to 60 °C, with an optimum temperature of 50 °C, and was tolerant to pH variation, exhibiting 85 % of maximum enzyme activity from pH 7.0 to 10.0. The results demonstrated that the proposed MABB-based MSPE could effectively purify trypsin and ensure the biological activity of purified trypsin. Therefore, we believe that the novel MABB could be applicable for efficient purification of trypsin from complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital / Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shi-Chao Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi-Mei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital / Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Lin-Yi Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital / Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Xian-Hua Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Chen Z, Shen R, Xie J, Zeng Y, Wang K, Zhao L, Liu X, Hu Z. Multi-frequency ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of coconut paring oil from coconut by-products: Impact on the yield, physicochemical properties, and emulsion stability. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 109:106996. [PMID: 39032371 PMCID: PMC11325078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Extraction of coconut paring oil (CPO) from processing by-products adds value to the product and reduces resource wastage. This study aims to assess the impact of 20 kHz, 20/80 kHz and 20/40/80 kHz of multi-frequency ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction (MFUAEE) on the yield, physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and emulsion stability of CPO derived from wet coconut parings (WCP). Results revealed that the CPO extraction yield with MFUAEE was 32.58 % - 43.31 % higher compared to AEE. The tri-frequency 20/40/80 kHz mode of multi-frequency ultrasound pretreatment exhibited the highest CPO extraction yield (70.08 %). The oil extracted through MFUAEE displayed similar fatty acid profiles to AEE, but had lower peroxide value, K232 and K270 values. Particularly, MFUAEE oil contained higher total phenolic content and exhibited potent DPPH free radical scavenging capacity. Results observed by SEM indicated that the pretreatment with multi-frequency ultrasound more efficiently disrupts the cellular structure of the WCP. Additionally, MFUAEE enhanced emulsion stability through the cavitation effect of ultrasound. These findings suggest that MFUAEE is a valuable approach for method for obtaining CPO with elevated extraction yield and superior quality, thereby enhancing the utilization of coconut by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Runni Shen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiali Xie
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuwei Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhuoyan Hu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Patil U, Baloch KA, Nile SH, Kim JT, Benjakul S. Trypsin from Pyloric Caeca of Asian Seabass: Purification, Characterization, and Its Use in the Hydrolysis of Acid-Soluble Collagen. Foods 2023; 12:2937. [PMID: 37569206 PMCID: PMC10418725 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to purify trypsin from the pyloric caeca of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), and investigate its proteolytic capability toward acid-soluble collagen (ASC) in comparison with commercial porcine trypsin (CPT). Trypsin was purified from pyloric caeca, a leftover from the evisceration process, via ammonium sulphate (40-60% saturation) precipitation, and a soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI)-Sepharose 4B column. A 18.5-fold purification and a yield of 15.2% were obtained. SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed a single band of trypsin with a molecular weight of 23.5 kDa. Purified trypsin also showed the single band in native-PAGE. The optimal pH and temperature of trypsin for BAPNA (the specific substrate for amidase) hydrolysis were 8.5 and 60 °C, respectively. The trypsin was stable within the pH range of 7.0-9.5 and temperature range of 25-55 °C. Protease inhibition study confirmed that the purified enzyme was trypsin. The purified trypsin had a Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and catalytic constant (kcat) of 0.078 mM and 5.4 s-1, respectively, when BAPNA was used. For the hydrolysis of TAME (the specific substrate for esterase), the Km and Kcat were 0.09 mM and 4.8 s-1, respectively. Partially purified seabass trypsin (PPST) had a slightly lower hydrolysis capacity toward ASC than CPT, as evidenced by the lower degree of hydrolysis and protein degradation when the former was used. Both the α-chain and β-chain became more degraded as the hydrolysis time increased. Based on MALDI-TOP, peptides with MW of 2992-2970 Da were dominant in the hydrolysates. Therefore, seabass trypsin could be used in the production of hydrolyzed collagen. It could have economic importance to the market, by replacing some commercial proteases, which have religious constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Patil
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (U.P.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Khurshid Ahmed Baloch
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (U.P.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India;
| | - Jun Tae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (U.P.); (K.A.B.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
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Divya PM, Roopa BS, Manusha C, Balannara P. A concise review on oil extraction methods, nutritional and therapeutic role of coconut products. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:441-452. [PMID: 36712217 PMCID: PMC9873890 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05352-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The coconut palm belongs to the Arecaceae family, which is distinct from other fruits, known for its versatility. Fresh coconut products are valuable for many food preparations owing to their nutritional and flavour properties. For example, tender coconut yields coconut water, a refreshing nutritious drink that provides good nutrients including electrolytes and other interesting compounds. The mature coconut meat which is rich in fat and protein, aids in coconut milk extraction and is a major component in the wet and dry process of oil extraction. Coconut milk has market potential owing to its increasing applications in food and beverage industries. Coconut is also known for its by-product namely coconut flour, which is rich in protein and dietary fiber, could be used in the preparation of functional foods. The different methods involved in the oil extraction process which helps in more efficient oil recovery were discussed briefly. The nutritional health-promoting functional role of coconut water and virgin coconut oil is highlighted in review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Divya
- Department of Traditional Food and Sensory Science, CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570 020 Karnataka India
| | - B. S. Roopa
- Department of Traditional Food and Sensory Science, CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570 020 Karnataka India
| | - C. Manusha
- Department of Traditional Food and Sensory Science, CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570 020 Karnataka India
| | - Prema Balannara
- Department of Traditional Food and Sensory Science, CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570 020 Karnataka India
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Patil U, Ravishankar CN, Balange AK, Zhang B, Benjakul S. Proteolytic activity and characteristics of skipjack tuna trypsin loaded alginate‐chitosan beads as affected by drying methods and trehalose/glycerol. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Patil
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand 90110
| | | | - Amjad Khansaheb Balange
- QC Laboratory, Post‐Harvest Technology, ICAR‐Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova Mumbai 400 061 Maharashtra India
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmacy Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan Zhejiang China 316022
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand 90110
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Nilsuwan K, Chantakun K, Zhang B, Ma L, Yesilsu AF, Benjakul S. Ammonium Sulfate and Repeated Freeze‐Thawing Recover Oil from Emulsion Separated from Salmon Skin Hydrolysate. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krisana Nilsuwan
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE‐SSI) Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand
| | - Kasidate Chantakun
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE‐SSI) Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmacy Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
| | - Lukai Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology College of Light Industry and Food Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering Guangzhou China
- Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering Guangzhou China
| | | | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE‐SSI) Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand
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7
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Effect of ultrasonic-assisted immersion freezing and quick-freezing on quality of sea bass during frozen storage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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A comprehensive review on the techniques for coconut oil extraction and its application. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1807-1818. [PMID: 34009462 PMCID: PMC8132276 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Virgin coconut oil is a useful substance in our daily life. It contains a high percentage of lauric acid which has many health benefits. The current industry has developed several methods to extract the oil out from the coconut fruit. This review paper aims to highlight several common extraction processes used in modern industries that includes cold extraction, hot extraction, low-pressure extraction, chilling, freezing and thawing method, fermentation, centrifugation, enzymatic extraction and supercritical fluid carbon dioxide. Different extraction methods will produce coconut oil with different yields and purities of lauric acid, thus having different uses and applications. Challenges that are faced by the industries in extracting the coconut oil using different methods of extraction are important to be explored so that advancement in the oil extraction technology can be done for efficient downstream processing. This study is vital as it provides insights that could enhance the production of coconut oil.
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Soto-Sierra L, Wilken LR, Dixon CK. Aqueous enzymatic protein and lipid release from the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-020-00328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAdvances in biochemical and molecular manipulation have led to increased biomass productivity and oil accumulation in the microalgae C. reinhardtii. However, scalable processes for the recovery of oil and other valuable biomolecules, such as protein, from C. reinhardtii are scarce. The use of aqueous enzymatic extraction, a non-solvent and environmentally friendly bioproduct recovery method, provides an opportunity to design an integrated process for oil and protein fractionation to reduce bioenergy and bioproducts costs. Based on the mechanistic understanding of biomolecule distribution and compartmentalization, an aqueous enzymatic treatment for the release of internally stored lipid bodies was designed. Application of a C. reinhardtii-produced protease, autolysin, for lysis of the microalgae cell wall was followed by a secondary treatment with trypsin for chloroplast disruption and lipid body release. Protein recovery after the primary treatment with autolysin indicated a 50.1 ± 4.2% release of total soluble protein and localization of lipid bodies still in the chloroplast. The development of a secondary enzyme treatment (trypsin) for chloroplast and lipid body lysis demonstrated a high percent of remaining lipids (73 ± 7%) released into the supernatant. The results indicate that the application of an enzymatic treatment scheme for protein and oil recovery is a promising alternative to traditional extraction processes.
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Wei S, Huang J, Zhang L, Sun Q, Sun X, Jin L, Wang Q. Physicochemical Properties and Stabilities of Crude and Purified Oil Bodies Extracted from High Oleic Peanuts. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Songli Wei
- Institute of Agricultural Products ProcessingHenan Academy of Agriculture Sciences 116 Huayuan Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Jinian Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Products ProcessingHenan Academy of Agriculture Sciences 116 Huayuan Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Processing, Ministry of AgricultureOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430062 P. R. China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Products ProcessingHenan Academy of Agriculture Sciences 116 Huayuan Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Products ProcessingHenan Academy of Agriculture Sciences 116 Huayuan Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Products ProcessingHenan Academy of Agriculture Sciences 116 Huayuan Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Lu Jin
- Institute of Agricultural Products ProcessingHenan Academy of Agriculture Sciences 116 Huayuan Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Agro‐Products Processing Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 P. R. China
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Patil U, Benjakul S. Comparative study on extraction of virgin coconut oil with the aid of partially purified protease from seabass pyloric caeca and commercial trypsin. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13024. [PMID: 31453636 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coconut milk was hydrolyzed by partially purified protease from seabass pyloric caeca (PPSP) and commercial trypsin (CT) at various levels (5 and 10 unit/g protein) at 60°C for different hydrolysis times (0-150 min). At the same protease level and hydrolysis time, higher degrees of hydrolysis and larger droplet size were found in coconut milk hydrolyzed by PPSP, compared to CT. The highest virgin coconut oil (VCO) yield (77.34%) was observed after the sample was hydrolyzed for 150 min by PPSP (10 units/g protein). Protein patterns indicated that coconut milk proteins were more prone to hydrolysis by PPSP, compared to CT. A marked difference was not found in physicochemical properties of commercial VCO and VCO separated from coconut milk using PPSP. Therefore, VCO could be extracted using PPSP under optimal condition, wherein the extraction could be accomplished within a short time with high yield. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In virgin coconut oil (VCO) manufacture, the yield of VCO and cost of the commercial enzyme are of main concern. Therefore, cheap source of proteases, particularly proteases from seabass pyloric caeca, can be a promising alternative for the manufacture of VCO. Therefore, the cost associated with commercial enzymes could be reduced and the proteases from seabass processing byproducts were better exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Patil
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Department of Food Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Department of Food Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
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