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Majewska M, Kędzierska A, Miltko R, Bełżecki G, Kowalik B. Does humate supplementation affect ciliate population
and fermentation parameters in the sheep rumen? JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/153957/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Majewska MP, Miltko R, Bełżecki G, Kędzierska A, Kowalik B. Comparison of the Effect of Synthetic (Tannic Acid) or Natural (Oak Bark Extract) Hydrolysable Tannins Addition on Fatty Acid Profile in the Rumen of Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060699. [PMID: 35327095 PMCID: PMC8944490 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare two sources of tannins on fatty acids (FA) composition in rumen. Treatments were (g tannins/kg diet as-feed-basis) as follows: (1) no supplemental tannin addition (CON), (2) addition of 13 g of oak bark extract (OAK), and (3) 4 g of tannic acid (TAN). The basal diet contained 55:45 forage to concentrate ratio. Net consumption of tannins (g/d) was 4 g for both tannins sources. The study was performed on three Polish Mountain ewes fitted with rumen cannulas, and was divided into three experimental periods (I, II, and III). Both sampling time and animal diet had a significant effect on FA profile in the rumen fluid. In general, FA concentrations were higher before feeding in comparison to samples collected 2 and 4 h after feeding. In terms of dietary effect, it was shown that TAN addition had a greater influence on FA profile in the ruminal fluid than the OAK diet. Briefly, in the TAN group significantly increased concentrations of C18:2 c9c12 (linoleic acid, LA) 8 h after feeding (vs. control, CON and OAK), C18:3 c9c12c15 (α-linolenic acid, LNA) 4 h after feeding (vs. OAK), C20:3 n-6 before feeding (vs. CON), C20:4 before feeding (vs. CON and OAK) and 8 h after feeding (vs. OAK) were recorded. In contrast, OAK addition significantly reduced C20:3 n-6 concentration 2 h after feeding (vs. CON). In conclusion, increased concentrations of both LA and LNA in the rumen indicated that supplemental tannic acid may inhibit the initial stage of FA biohydrogenation in the rumen.
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dos Santos SK, de Fátima França Biz J, Salgado JA, de Macedo REF, Sotomaior CS. Intake and performance of growing lambs supplemented with quebracho tannins. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Orzuna-Orzuna JF, Dorantes-Iturbide G, Lara-Bueno A, Mendoza-Martínez GD, Miranda-Romero LA, Lee-Rangel HA. Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Antioxidant Status of Sheep Supplemented with Tannins: A Meta-Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3184. [PMID: 34827916 PMCID: PMC8614576 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with tannins (TANs) on productive performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, oxidative stability, and blood serum antioxidant capacity of sheep through a meta-analysis. Using Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases, a systematic search was performed for studies published in scientific journals that investigated the effects of TANs supplementation on the variables of interest. Only studies with weaned or older sheep were included. The data analyzed were extracted from 53 peer-reviewed publications. The sheep included in the present study were between 2 and 6 months old, and between 12 and 31 kg of body weight. The effects of TANs were analyzed using random-effects statistical models to examine the standardized mean difference (SMD) between treatments with TANs and control (no TANs). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and a subgroup analysis was performed for covariates that were significant. Supplementation with TANs did not affect dry matter intake, pH, color (L* and b*), Warner-Bratzler shear force, cooking loss and meat chemical composition (p > 0.05). Supplementation with TANs increased daily weight gain (SMD = 0.274, p < 0.05), total antioxidant capacity (SMD = 1.120, p < 0.001), glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity (SMD = 0.801, p < 0.001) and catalase (SMD = 0.848, p < 0.001), and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in blood serum (SMD = -0.535, p < 0.05). Supplementation with TANs decreased feed conversion rate (SMD = -0.246, p < 0.05), and the concentration of MDA (SMD = -2.020, p < 0.001) and metmyoglobin (SMD = -0.482, p < 0.05) in meat. However, meat redness (SMD = 0.365), hot carcass yield (SMD = 0.234), cold carcass yield (SMD = 0.510), backfat thickness (SMD = 0.565) and the Longissimus dorsi muscle area (SMD = 0.413) increased in response to TANs supplementation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of tannins in sheep diets improves productive performance, antioxidant status in blood serum, oxidative stability of meat and some other characteristics related to meat and carcass quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Felipe Orzuna-Orzuna
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo CP 56230, Mexico; (J.F.O.-O.); (G.D.-I.); (L.A.M.-R.)
| | - Griselda Dorantes-Iturbide
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo CP 56230, Mexico; (J.F.O.-O.); (G.D.-I.); (L.A.M.-R.)
| | - Alejandro Lara-Bueno
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo CP 56230, Mexico; (J.F.O.-O.); (G.D.-I.); (L.A.M.-R.)
| | - Germán David Mendoza-Martínez
- Unidad Xochimilco, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City CP 04960, Mexico;
| | - Luis Alberto Miranda-Romero
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo CP 56230, Mexico; (J.F.O.-O.); (G.D.-I.); (L.A.M.-R.)
| | - Héctor Aarón Lee-Rangel
- Centro de Biociencias, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigaciones en Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí CP 78321, Mexico;
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Alternative and Unconventional Feeds in Dairy Diets and Their Effect on Fatty Acid Profile and Health Properties of Milk Fat. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061817. [PMID: 34207160 PMCID: PMC8234496 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Milk fat is an important compound in human nutrition. From a nutritional point of view, the production of milk with a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially of those from the n3 group, is desirable because consumption of a diet with a lower n6/n3 ratio is considered to be beneficial for humans. The most effective way to achieve this goal is via dietary manipulations in ruminants. In addition to the feedstuffs commonly used in dairy animal nutrition, there are some alternative or unconventional feedstuffs that are often used for other purposes, e.g., for the reduction of methane production in the rumen. However, such feedstuffs can also alter the fatty acid profile of milk, and thus they can have an impact on the health properties of milk fat. Abstract Milk fat is an important nutritional compound in the human diet. From the health point of view, some fatty acids (FAs), particularly long-chain PUFAs such as EPA and DHA, have been at the forefront of interest due to their antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties, which play a positive role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as well as linoleic and γ-linolenic acids, which play an important role in CVD treatment as essential components of phospholipids in the mitochondria of cell membranes. Thus, the modification of the FA profile—especially an increase in the concentration of polyunsaturated FAs and n-3 FAs in bovine milk fat—is desirable. The most effective way to achieve this goal is via dietary manipulations. The effects of various strategies in dairy nutrition have been thoroughly investigated; however, there are some alternative or unconventional feedstuffs that are often used for purposes other than basic feeding or modifying the fatty acid profiles of milk, such as tanniferous plants, herbs and spices, and algae. The use of these foods in dairy diets and their effects on milk fatty acid profile are reviewed in this article. The contents of selected individual FAs (atherogenic, rumenic, linoleic, α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids) and their combinations; the contents of n3 and n6 FAs; n6/n3 ratios; and atherogenic, health-promoting and S/P indices were used as criteria for assessing the effect of these feeds on the health properties of milk fat.
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Birkinshaw A, Schwarm A, Marquardt S, Kreuzer M, Terranova M. Rapid responses in bovine milk fatty acid composition and phenol content to various tanniferous forages. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/131171/2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Araújo SA, Ribeiro RDX, Lima AGVO, Nascimento TVC, Silva Júnior JM, Barbosa AM, Pimentel PRS, Santos NJA, Bezerra LR, Pereira ES, Oliveira RL. Physicochemical Properties, Lipid Oxidation, and Fatty Acid Composition of Sausage Prepared with Meat of Young Nellore Bulls Fed a Diet with Lauric Acid. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergiane A. Araújo
- Federal University of Bahia Department of Animal Science Salvador Bahia 40170110 Brazil
| | - Rebeca. D. X. Ribeiro
- Federal University of Bahia Department of Animal Science Salvador Bahia 40170110 Brazil
| | - Anny. G. V. O. Lima
- Federal University of Bahia Department of Animal Science Salvador Bahia 40170110 Brazil
| | | | | | - Analivia M. Barbosa
- Federal University of Bahia Department of Animal Science Salvador Bahia 40170110 Brazil
| | - Paulo R. S. Pimentel
- Federal University of Bahia Department of Animal Science Salvador Bahia 40170110 Brazil
| | - Neiri J. A. Santos
- Federal University of Bahia Department of Animal Science Salvador Bahia 40170110 Brazil
| | - Leilson. R. Bezerra
- Federal University of Campina Grande Department of Animal Science Patos Paraíba 58700000 Brazil
| | - Elzânia S. Pereira
- Federal University of Ceará Animal Science Department Fortaleza Ceara 60356000 Brazil
| | - Ronaldo L. Oliveira
- Federal University of Bahia Department of Animal Science Salvador Bahia 40170110 Brazil
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Lobo RR, Vincenzi R, Rojas-Moreno DA, Lobo AAG, da Silva CM, Benetel-Junior V, Ghussn LR, Mufalo VC, Berndt A, Gallo SB, Pinheiro RSB, Bueno ICDS, Faciola AP. Inclusion of Yerba Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) Extract in the Diet of Growing Lambs: Effects on Blood Parameters, Animal Performance, and Carcass Traits. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10060961. [PMID: 32492885 PMCID: PMC7341229 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a plant widely used for human consumption in Latin America, with important health benefits for people. However, limited knowledge on its effects on animal health and nutrition are available. In this study, we evaluated the inclusion of yerba mate extract at levels up to 4% of the dry matter in the diets of growing lambs and its effects on blood parameters, animal performance, body metrics and carcass traits. Yerba mate extract up to 2% of inclusion had positive effects on feed intake and animal performance; however, greater inclusion rates had negative effects on feed intake and animal performance. Supplementation of yerba mate extract up to 2% also increased white blood cells and globulins, which have been closely related to a better immune response in animals. Abstract This study aimed to evaluate levels of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract (YME), as a feed additive in the diets of growing lambs on serum biochemical parameters and hematological indices, animal performance, body metrics and carcass traits. Thirty-six entire (nine per treatment), male growing lambs, weighing 23.8 ± 3.7 kg, were fed the experimental diets which were treatments consisting of increasing levels of YME (0, 1, 2, and 4% inclusion on a dry matter [DM] basis) during an experimental period of 53 days. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, which initial body weight was used as blocking factor and the results were analyzed by orthogonal contrasts (linear, quadratic, and cubic). Yerba mate extract did not change the general health status of the animals; however, inclusions of up to 2% of the extract increased globulins (p = 0.05) and white blood cell count, as segmented neutrophils (p = 0.02) and lymphocytes (p = 0.04). Additionally, inclusion of up to 2% YME increased dry matter intake, final weight gain, total and daily gain (p < 0.05), also tended to increase ribeye area and reduce fat thickness (p < 0.10); however, YME above 2% of inclusion reduced animal productive parameters (p < 0.05). In conclusion, levels up to 2% of YME were beneficial to the health and productive parameters of growing lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R. Lobo
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-352-870-4317
| | - Rafaela Vincenzi
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Danny A. Rojas-Moreno
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Annelise A. G. Lobo
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Caroline M. da Silva
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Vanderlei Benetel-Junior
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Laura R. Ghussn
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Vinícius C. Mufalo
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Alexandre Berndt
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil;
| | - Sarita B. Gallo
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Rafael S. B. Pinheiro
- College of Engineering, São Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Ives C. da S. Bueno
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (R.V.); (D.A.R.-M.); (A.A.G.L.); (C.M.d.S.); (V.B.-J.); (L.R.G.); (V.C.M.); (S.B.G.); (I.C.d.S.B.)
| | - Antonio P. Faciola
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
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