1
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Han Y, Gao P, Chen Z, Luo X, Zhong W, Hu C, He D, Wang X. Multifaceted analysis of the effects of roasting conditions on the flavor of fragrant Camellia oleifera Abel. seed oil. Food Chem 2024; 446:138779. [PMID: 38430762 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Fragrant Camellia oleifera Abel. seed oil (FCSO), produced by a roasting process, is popular for its characteristic aroma. This study investigated the effects of various roasting temperatures (90℃, 120℃, 150℃, 180℃) and durations (20 min, 40 min, 60 min) on the flavor of FCSO by physicochemical properties, hazardous substances, sensory evaluation, and flavor analyses. The results showed that FCSO roasted at 120℃/20 min had a reasonable fatty acid composition with a lower acid value (0.16 mg/g), peroxide value (0.13 g/100 g), p-anisidine value (2.27), dibutyl phthalate content (0.04 mg/kg), and higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity (224.51 μmol TE/kg) than other samples. A multivariate analysis of FCSO flavor revealed that the 120℃/20 min group had a higher grassy flavor score (5.3 score) from nonanoic acid and a lower off-flavor score (2.2 score) from 2-methylbutyric acid. The principal component analysis showed that 120℃/20 min could guarantee the best flavor and quality of FCSO. Therefore, this information can guide the preparation of FCSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Han
- Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Pan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Zhe Chen
- Wuhan Institute for Food and Cosmetic Control, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chuanrong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dongping He
- Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
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2
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Emkani M, Gourrat K, Oliete B, Saurel R. Identification of volatile and odor-active compounds in pea protein fractions obtained by a modified extraction method using fermentation. J Food Sci 2024; 89:4229-4249. [PMID: 38875321 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the aromatic composition of pea albumin and globulin fractions obtained through either fermentation or conventional acidification using hydrochloric acid (control) toward the isoelectric point of pea globulins. Different lactic acid bacteria were used including S. thermophilus (ST), L. plantarum (LP), and their coculture (STLP). The volatile compounds were extracted by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation technique and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Odor-active compounds (OAC) were further characterized by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). In total, 96 volatile and 36 OACs were identified by GC-MS and GC-O, respectively. The results indicated that the protein fractions obtained by conventional acidification were mainly described by green notes for the presence of different volatile compounds such as hexanal. However, the samples obtained by fermentation had a lower content of these volatile compounds. Moreover, protein fractions obtained by coculture fermentation were described by volatile compounds associated with fruity, floral, and lactic notes. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The insights from this study on pea protein aroma could find practical use in the food industry to enhance the sensory qualities of plant-based products. By utilizing fermentation methods and specific lactic acid bacteria combinations, manufacturers may produce pea protein with reduced undesirable green notes, offering consumers food options with improved flavors. This research may contribute to the development of plant-based foods that not only provide nutritional benefits but also meet consumer preferences for a more appealing taste profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrsa Emkani
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, PAM UMR A 02.102, Dijon, France
| | - Karine Gourrat
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CNRS, INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, Dijon, France
| | - Bonastre Oliete
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, PAM UMR A 02.102, Dijon, France
| | - Rémi Saurel
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, PAM UMR A 02.102, Dijon, France
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3
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Chen C, Ye PP, Cui FJ, Tan M, Zhang HB, Zhou TL, Shi JC, Shu XQ, Chen ZW. Overall quality changes and deterioration mechanism of fragrant rapeseed oils during 6-Month storage. Food Chem 2024; 439:138116. [PMID: 38064830 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The strong-fragrant rapeseed oil (SFRO) is a popular rapeseed oil in China with a low refining degree only degumming with hot water, which remarkably affects its storage stability. The present study compared the overall changes of physical/chemical/nutrient quality of FROs at various temperatures, light wavelengths and headspace volumes. Results showed that red light (680 nm) had a most significant adverse effect on the overall quality of SFRO with the higher correlation coefficients to PV and TOTOX of 0.71 and 0.70, and lower correlation coefficients to chlorophyll and tocopherol of -0.95 and -0.53, respectively. Further studies revealed that red light accelerated the oxidation of fragrant rapeseed oils by degrading chlorophyll to initiate the photo-oxidation process and synthesize high amount of secondary oxidation products including aliphatic and aromatic oxidized compounds from linolenic acid. These findings provided a reference to control the deterioration of FROs by preventing the transmittance of red light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ping-Ping Ye
- Jiangsu Hefeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 212002, PR China; Yancheng Hengxi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China; Jiangsu Jiafeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China
| | - Feng-Jie Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Ming Tan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- Jiangsu Hefeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 212002, PR China; Yancheng Hengxi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China; Jiangsu Jiafeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China
| | - Tong-Lin Zhou
- Jiangsu Hefeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 212002, PR China; Yancheng Hengxi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China; Jiangsu Jiafeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China
| | - Jian-Cheng Shi
- Jiangsu Hefeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 212002, PR China; Jiangsu Jiafeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China
| | - Xue-Quan Shu
- Jiangsu Hefeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 212002, PR China; Jiangsu Jiafeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China
| | - Zhi-Wei Chen
- Jiangsu Hefeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 212002, PR China; Jiangsu Jiafeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224100, PR China.
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4
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Wang B, Liu YX, Dong M, Zhang YY, Huang XH, Qin L. Flavor enhancement during the drying of scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) as revealed by integrated metabolomic and lipidomic analysis. Food Chem 2024; 432:137218. [PMID: 37639891 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Dried scallops are a typical shellfish commodity, but the molecular change mechanism in the drying process is not clear. In this paper, the effect of drying on the flavor of scallops was revealed by integrated metabolomic and lipidomic analysis. The results showed that 70 °C was the best temperature for hot air drying, and the moisture content of the scallops was less than 20% after 12 h of drying, which meets the commercial standards for dried scallops. A total of 53 volatile compounds were detected in dried scallops, of which 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine and tetramethyl pyrazine, as characteristic flavor compounds, changed significantly during drying. In addition, taste peptides such as Arg-Gly and Gly-Gly, produced by protein degradation during drying, may contribute to the umami perception of dried scallops. This study helped to increase the overall quality of dried scallops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Yu-Xi Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Meng Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Yu-Ying Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Xu-Hui Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Lei Qin
- School of Food Science and Technology, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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5
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Zhang W, Yang Y, Xie P, Ye P, Shu X, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Jin J. Effects of Silica Hydrogel on Degumming of Fragrant Rapeseed Oil. J Oleo Sci 2024; 73:45-53. [PMID: 38171730 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hot-pressed rapeseed oils with pleasant flavor, i.e., fragrant rapeseed oils, are favored by consumers, especially people from the southwest provinces of China. Although degumming is an important section in producing edible rapeseed oils, conventional degumming techniques are generally suffered from disadvantages such as moisture control, and large losses of micronutrients and flavors. In the present paper, hot-pressed rapeseed oils were treated with silica hydrogel to remove their gums, and changes in phospholipids, acid values, peroxide values, tocopherols, total phenols, and flavor compounds were analyzed to compare the silica hydrogel-degumming with conventional methods. The optimized conditions were suggested to be carried out at 45°C for 15 min, and the silica hydrogel dosage was 1.10%. More than 97.00% of phospholipids were removed after the degumming, and more than 85.00% of micronutrients, were retained in the treated oils. The degumming efficiency was therefore significantly higher than those operated by conventional acid degumming and soft degumming techniques. It was found that the dosage of the silica hydrogel significantly affected the removal rate of phospholipids compared with degumming time and temperature. There were nearly typical volatile compounds found in the rapeseed oils, while most of them kept almost stable after the silica hydrogel-degumming. In this regard, silica hydrogel adsorption exhibited little effect on volatile compounds, making it more suitable for the production of fragrant rapeseed oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
- Yancheng Hengxi Biotechnology Co., Ltd
| | - Yuhuang Yang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
| | - Pengkai Xie
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
| | | | | | - Haibo Zhang
- Jiangsu Hefeng Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd
| | - Yuhang Chen
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
| | - Youfeng Zhang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim
| | - Jun Jin
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University
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6
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Liang Q, Xiong W, Zhou Q, Cui C, Xu X, Zhao L, Xuan P, Yao Y. Glucosinolates or erucic acid, which one contributes more to volatile flavor of fragrant rapeseed oil? Food Chem 2023; 412:135594. [PMID: 36731240 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of three rapeseed varieties with different erucic acid (EA) and glucosinolates (GLSs) content, and different degumming methods on the volatile flavor profiles of fragrant rapeseed oil (FRO). A total of 171 volatile compounds were identified by headspace solid-phase microextraction combine with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS), and 87 compounds were identified as key odorants owing to their relative odor activity values (ROAV) ≥ 1. Methyl furfuryl disulfide was identified in rapeseed oil for the first time, with highest ROAVs (up to 26805.46). The volatile flavor profile of rapeseed oil was affected by GLSs content to a certain extent rather than EA content. Rapeseed varieties with low-EA and high-GLSs are suitable to produce FRO. Silicon dioxide adsorbing was an effective alternative method to water degumming in FRO. This work provided a new idea for selection of raw materials and degumming methods in FRO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liang
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China; Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China; Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, and Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China
| | - Xia Xu
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China
| | - Pu Xuan
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China; Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China.
| | - Yingzheng Yao
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China; Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China.
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7
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Zhang Y, Stöppelmann F, Zhu L, Liang J, Rigling M, Wang X, Jin Q, Zhang Y. A comparative study on flavor trapping techniques from the viewpoint of odorants of hot-pressed rapeseed oil. Food Chem 2023; 426:136617. [PMID: 37336098 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed oil, as one of the three major vegetable oils in the world, its matrix effect makes the decoding flavor a challenge. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), SPME-Arrow, headspace stir bar sorptive extraction (HSSE), direct thermal desorption (DTD), and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) were compared based on the odorants in hot-pressed rapeseed oil. Besides, methodological validation for 31 aroma standards was conducted to compare reliability and robustness of these approaches. DTD showed the largest proportion of acids, while the other techniques extracted a majority of nitriles. The highest number of odorants was detected by SAFE (31), followed by HSSE (30), SPME-Arrow (30), SPME (24), and DTD (14). SPME-Arrow showed the best performance in linearity, recovery, and reproducibility followed by SPME, HSSE, DTD, and SAFE. Results reveal the advantages and limitations of diverse methodologies and provide valuable insights for the selection of extraction methods in an oil matrix and flavor decoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfeng Zhang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Felix Stöppelmann
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Marina Rigling
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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8
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Song F, Xiang H, Li Z, Li J, Li L, Fang Song C. Monitoring the baking quality of Tieguanyin via electronic nose combined with GC-MS. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112513. [PMID: 36869452 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Roasting is extremely important for Tieguanyin oolong tea production because it strongly affects its chemical composition and sensory quality. In addition, there were significant differences in the preference for roasted tea among different people. However, the effect of roasting degree on the aroma characteristics and flavor quality of Tieguanyin tea is still unclear. To further study this, an electronic nose combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to monitor the baking process of Tieguanyin. The physicochemical indexes, sensory quality, and odor characteristics of the tea leaves subjected to different roasting conditions were measured. The increase in the roasting degree caused a decrease in the amount of taste substances such as tea polyphenols, catechins, and amino acids and a sharp increase in the phenol to ammonia ratio. Sensory evaluation results showed that moderate roasting could help improve the quality of the tea leaves. The results obtained using the electronic nose and GC-MS showed that there were substantial differences in the volatile substances, and 103 flavor compounds were highly correlated with the aroma characteristics of roasted tea with different roasting degrees. In addition, the electronic nose combined with various classification models could better distinguish tea leaves with different roasting degrees. Among them, the accuracy of the RF training set and prediction set reached>98.44%. The results of this study will aid in comprehensively monitoring the effects of the baking process on the flavor, chemical composition, and aroma of Tieguanyin as well as in distinguishing Tieguanyin tea leaves with different qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihu Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Hao Xiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Luqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China.
| | - Chun Fang Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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9
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Effects of High-Canolol Phenolic Extracts on Fragrant Rapeseed Oil Quality and Flavor Compounds during Frying. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040827. [PMID: 36832902 PMCID: PMC9957321 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragrant rapeseed oil (FRO) is a frying oil widely loved by consumers, but its quality deteriorates with increasing frying time. In this study, the effect of high-canolol phenolic extracts (HCP) on the physicochemical properties and flavor of FRO during frying was investigated. During frying, HCP significantly inhibited the increase in peroxide, acid, p-anisidine, and carbonyl values, as well as total polar compounds and degradation of unsaturated fatty acids. A total of 16 volatile flavor compounds that significantly contributed to the overall flavor of FRO were identified. HCP was effective in reducing the generation of off-flavors (hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, etc.) and increased the level of pleasant deep-fried flavors (such as (E,E)-2,4-decadienal). Therefore, the application of HCP has a positive effect on protecting the quality and prolonging the usability of FRO.
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10
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Zhang Y, Zhen C, Zhao B, Zhou S, Jiang Y, Wang X, Jin Q, Zhang Y. Comparative characterization of key odorants and aroma profiles of fragrant rapeseed oil under different roasting conditions. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112195. [PMID: 36596134 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fragrant rapeseed oil (FRO) produced by typical roasting process is popular for its characteristic aroma. Accordingly, key aroma-active compounds were characterized in FRO by the Sensomics approach and then correlated to the crucial roasting parameters revealed by aroma profile analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Nineteen key odorants in FRO were identified and quantified, among which dimethyl trisulfide (OAV, odor active value, 323, cabbage-like, sulfury) and 4-isothiocyanato-1-butene (OAV, 88, pungent) were the most important aroma-active compounds in FRO and showed first rising and then decline trends as the increased roasting temperature and time. The oil under high-temperature-short time and low-temperature-long time conditions imparted similar aroma profiles. On the basis of sensory evaluation, roasting at 160, 170, 180, 190, and 200 °C should not exceed 50, 40, 30, 30, and 30 min, respectively to satisfy consumer preference. All findings provide a reference on industrial FRO production in terms of not only aroma but also sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfeng Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Cheng Zhen
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Bixi Zhao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Shengmin Zhou
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd, China.
| | - Yuanrong Jiang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd, China.
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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11
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Highly efficient photodegradation of raw landfill leachate using cost-effective and optimized g-C3N4/SnO2/WO3 quantum dots under Vis–NIR light. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19457. [DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, photodegradation of raw landfill leachate under Vis–NIR irradiation and sunlight has been investigated using optimized g-C3N4/SnO2/WO3 quantum dots as a novel nanocomposite. g-C3N4/SnO2/WO3 QDs was successfully synthesized and characterized using various analyses. The best mixing ratios of the nanocomposite components were obtained by response surface methodology (RSM). The morphology and the surface area characteristics of the photocatalyst were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) analysis. Results of UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum revealed that the nanocomposite has a great light absorption capacity and improved separation of charge carriers. Using the optimized nanocomposite with the best mixing ratios of urea, SnO2, and WO3 QDs solution, obtained from the central composite design (CCD), the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the leachate (4575 mg/L) was reduced by 74% and 47% in 4 h under visible-NIR and sunlight irradiations, respectively. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis also revealed that a significant reduction of aromatic compounds of the raw leachate occurred after the photodegradation process with g-C3N4/SnO2/WO3QDs nanocomposite. Moreover, the stability and recyclability of the photocatalyst were evaluated, and it was observed that after five experimental cycles of leachate degradation, no significant loss of nanocomposite performance could be seen. Financial analysis was also performed, and the feasibility of this process was investigated.
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Zhang L, Chen J, Zhao X, Wang Y, Yu X. Influence of roasting on the thermal degradation pathway in the glucosinolates of fragrant rapeseed oil: Implications to flavour profiles. Food Chem X 2022; 16:100503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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13
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Huang YH, Kao TH, Chen BH. Development of a GC–MS/MS method coupled with HS-SPME-Arrow for studying formation of furan and 10 derivatives in model systems and commercial foods. Food Chem 2022; 395:133572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhang L, Chen J, Zhang J, Sagymbek A, Li Q, Gao Y, Du S, Yu X. Lipid oxidation in fragrant rapeseed oil: Impact of seed roasting on the generation of key volatile compounds. Food Chem X 2022; 16:100491. [PMID: 36339322 PMCID: PMC9626899 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This work sought to identify the influence of roasting on lipid oxidation-derived volatile compounds in fragrant rapeseed oils (FROs) via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry. Seven volatiles could be regard as aroma-active compounds by application of odor activity value (OAV ≥ 1) calculation, and caused fatty-like, nutty-like, and green-like notes. After 60 min of roasting, the OAVs of hexanal, octanal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, and nonanal in FROs were greater than 3. The same compounds, including hexanal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, nonanal, 1-octanol, and nonanoic acid were also detected in the model systems of lipid oxidation. Notably, the values of p-anisidine, conjugated dienes, and conjugated trienes increased significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that hexanal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, and nonanal have a significant positive correlation with the oxidative degree of FROs (R = 0.70–0.94, p < 0.05). Thus, the three above-mentioned aldehydes could serve as important markers for FRO quality during roasting.
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Key Words
- AV, acid value
- Aldehydes
- FRO, fragrant rapeseed oil
- Fragrant rapeseed oil
- K232, conjugated dienes
- K268, conjugated trienes
- Lipid oxidation
- OAV, odor activity value
- OBs, oil bodies
- PV, peroxide value
- RI, retention index
- Roasting
- TAG, triglyceride
- p-AnV, p-anisidine value
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jia Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Altayuly Sagymbek
- Department of Food Science, Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, 62 Zhenis Avenue, Nur-Sultan 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Qi Li
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuangkui Du
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiuzhu Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China,Corresponding author.
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15
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Identification of key aroma-active compounds in beef tallow varieties using flash GC electronic nose and GC × GC-TOF/MS. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Zhang Y, Lv H, Yang B, Zheng P, Zhang H, Wang X, Granvogl M, Jin Q. Characterization of Thermally Induced Flavor Compounds from the Glucosinolate Progoitrin in Different Matrices via GC-TOF-MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1232-1240. [PMID: 35050615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As important flavor precursors, glucosinolates are ubiquitous in the plant family of Brassicaceae. Glucosinolate degradation products are the major volatile flavor compounds of rapeseed oil, accounting for up to 80% of the total volatiles. However, up to now, little attention has been paid to the volatile flavor products of the nonenzymatic thermal degradation of glucosinolates. One of the most important factors that determine the flavor of hot-pressed rapeseed oil is the roasting process, where the thermal degradation of glucosinolates mainly occurs. The thermal degradation behavior and volatile products of progoitrin (the main glucosinolate of rapeseed) in different matrices (phosphate buffer at a pH value of 5.0, 7.0, or 9.0, sea sand, and rapeseed powder) at different temperatures (150-200 °C) and times (0-60 min) were studied using HPLC and GC-TOF-MS. Thereby, the degradation rate of progoitrin decreased in the following order: pH 9.0 > sea sand > rapeseed powder > pH 7.0 > pH 5.0. Further, a higher degradation was observed with increasing temperature and time. Under the applied conditions in this study, 2,4-pentadienenitrile was the major nitrile and thiophenes were the major sulfur-containing volatile compounds formed. Possible formation pathways of main sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing volatiles were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfeng Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry (170a), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Helin Lv
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Binbin Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Panxi Zheng
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Michael Granvogl
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry (170a), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Wu Y, Chen S, Yang B, Zhang H, Wang X, Granvogl M, Jin Q. Flavor of rapeseed oil: An overview of odorants, analytical techniques, and impact of treatment. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:3983-4018. [PMID: 34148290 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
As one of the three major vegetable oils in the world, rapeseed oil is appreciated for its high nutritional value and characteristic flavor. Flavor is an essential attribute, determining rapeseed oil quality and consumer acceptance. The present manuscript provides a systematic literature review of recent advances and knowledge on the flavor of rapeseed oil, which focuses on aroma-active as well as off-flavor compounds, flavor analysis techniques (i.e., extraction, qualitative, quantitative, sensory, and chemometric methods), and effects of treatments (storage, dehulling, roasting, microwave, flavoring with herbs, refining, and oil heating) on flavor from sensory and molecular perspectives. One hundred thirty-seven odorants found in rapeseed oil from literature are listed and possible formation pathways of some key aroma-active compounds are also proposed. Future flavor analysis techniques will evolve toward time-saving, portability, real-time monitoring, and visualization, which aims to obtain a "complete" flavor profile of rapeseed oil. The changes of volatile compounds in rapeseed oil under different treatments are summarized in this view. Studies to elucidate the influence of different treatments on the formation of aroma-active compounds are needed to get a deeper understanding of factors leading to the variations of rapeseed oil flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfeng Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry (170a), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yuqi Wu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sirui Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Binbin Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Michael Granvogl
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry (170a), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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18
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Rusinek R, Kmiecik D, Gawrysiak-Witulska M, Malaga-Toboła U, Tabor S, Findura P, Siger A, Gancarz M. Identification of the Olfactory Profile of Rapeseed Oil as a Function of Heating Time and Ratio of Volume and Surface Area of Contact with Oxygen Using an Electronic Nose. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21010303. [PMID: 33466306 PMCID: PMC7794714 DOI: 10.3390/s21010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The process of deep fat frying is the most common technological procedure applied to rapeseed oil. During heat treatment, oil loses its nutritional properties and its original consumer quality is lowered, which is often impossible to determine by organoleptic assessment. Therefore, the aim of the study was to correlate markers of the loss of the nutritional properties by rapeseed oil related to the frying time and the surface area of contact with oxygen with changes in the profile of volatile compounds. The investigations involved the process of 6-, 12-, and 18-h heating of oil with a surface-to-volume ratio (s/v ratio) of 0.378 cm−1, 0.189 cm−1, and 0.126 cm−1. Samples were analysed to determine changes in the content of polar compounds, colour, fatty acid composition, iodine value, and total chromanol content. The results were correlated with the emission of volatile compounds determined using gas chromatography and an electronic nose. The results clearly show a positive correlation between the qualitative degradation of the oil induced by prolonged heating and the response of the electronic nose to these changes. The three volumes, the maximum reaction of the metal oxide semiconductor chemoresistors, and the content of polar compounds increased along the extended frying time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rusinek
- Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-744-50-61
| | - Dominik Kmiecik
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Food, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-634 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marzena Gawrysiak-Witulska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Science, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Urszula Malaga-Toboła
- Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 116B, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; (U.M.-T.); (S.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Sylwester Tabor
- Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 116B, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; (U.M.-T.); (S.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Pavol Findura
- Department of Machines and Production Biosystems, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-634 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Gancarz
- Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
- Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 116B, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; (U.M.-T.); (S.T.); (M.G.)
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19
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Jia X, Wang L, Zheng C, Yang Y, Wang X, Hui J, Zhou Q. Key Odorant Differences in Fragrant Brassica napus and Brassica juncea Oils Revealed by Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry, Odor Activity Values, and Aroma Recombination. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:14950-14960. [PMID: 33227196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fragrant Brassica species seed oils (FBO) produced in China are mainly obtained from rapeseed (Brassica napus: B. napus) and mustard seeds (Brassica juncea: B. juncea). The characterization and differences of aroma profiles between those two species remain unclear. In this study, the volatile compounds in FBOs were systemically extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation combined with ultrasound and identified by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). Ninety-three odorants were identified as aroma-active compounds with flavor dilution (FD) factors ranging from 1 to 6561. Moreover, 63 key compounds exhibited their odor activity values (OAVs) to be greater than 1. The oils of the two species were successfully recombinated with their key odorants. B. juncea oils presented stronger pungent-like, pickled-like, and fishy like notes compared to B. napus oils. The key odor differences were primarily attributed to the concentration of 3-butenenitrile, 4-(methylsulfanyl)butanenitrile, 5-(methylsulfanyl)pentanenitrile, 3-isothiocyanato-1-propene, 3-methyl-3-butenenitrile, isothiocyanatocyclopropane, (methylsulfanyl)acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, and 3-(methyldisulfanyl)-1-propene. This work provides a guide for the selection of raw materials and odor markers in fragrant B. napus and B. juncea oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jia
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National& Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chang Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National& Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yini Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National& Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Ju Hui
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National& Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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Damiani T, Cavanna D, Serani A, Dall'Asta C, Suman M. GC-IMS and FGC-Enose fingerprint as screening tools for revealing extra virgin olive oil blending with soft-refined olive oils: A feasibility study. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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