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Heravi MM, Zadsirjan V, Daraie M, Ghanbarian M. Applications of Wittig Reaction in the Total Synthesis of Natural Macrolides. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of ScienceAlzahra University, Vanak, Tehran Iran
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of ScienceAlzahra University, Vanak, Tehran Iran
| | - Mansoureh Daraie
- Department of Chemistry, School of ScienceAlzahra University, Vanak, Tehran Iran
| | - Manizheh Ghanbarian
- Department of Chemistry, School of ScienceAlzahra University, Vanak, Tehran Iran
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjani Si
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Krishna P. Kaliappan
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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3
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Allred TK, Manoni F, Harran PG. Exploring the Boundaries of “Practical”: De Novo Syntheses of Complex Natural Product-Based Drug Candidates. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11994-12051. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler K. Allred
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California−Los Angeles, 607 Charles
E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Francesco Manoni
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California−Los Angeles, 607 Charles
E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Patrick G. Harran
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California−Los Angeles, 607 Charles
E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- University Chemical Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Simon Williams
- University Chemical Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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5
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Jackson JE, O’Brien BN, Kedzior SK, Fryz GR, Jalloh FS, Banisafar A, Caldwell MA, Braun MB, Dunyak BM, Dye JL. Reductive N–O cleavage of Weinreb amides by sodium in alumina and silica gels: synthetic and mechanistic studies. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Discodermolide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100023-6.00003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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7
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Yadav JS, Kavita A, Raghavendra Rao KV, Mohapatra DK. Studies directed towards the total synthesis of narbonolide: stereoselective synthesis of the C1–C15 chain. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Paterson I, Maltas P, Anderson EA. Total synthesis of (+)-spirastrellolide A methyl ester: Challenges and discoveries. PURE APPL CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-13-01-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent synthetic efforts by our group towards spirastrellolide A methyl ester, a complex marine macrolide containing two spiroacetal ring systems that shows promising anticancer properties. The evolution of a flexible, modular strategy leading to the first total synthesis of (+)-spirastrellolide A methyl ester, and the associated challenges overcome, are highlighted, particularly in dealing with the initial structural ambiguities. This work enabled the development of an improved second-generation synthesis, which revealed a critical dependence of the key macrolactonization step on the nature of the protecting groups in the linker region between the spiroacetal motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- 1University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Philip Maltas
- 1University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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9
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Abstract
This article provides an overview on the chemistry and structure-activity relationships of macrolide-based microtubule-stabilizing agents. The primary focus will be on the total synthesis or examples thereof, but a brief summary of the current state of knowledge on the structure-activity relationships of epothilones, laulimalide, dictyostatin, and peloruside A will also be given. This macrolide class of compounds, over the last decade, has become the subject of growing interest due to their ability to inhibit human cancer cell proliferation through a taxol-like mechanism of action.
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10
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Saha S, Venkata Ramana Reddy C, Chiranjeevi T, Addepally U, Chinta Rao T, Patro B. The first total synthesis and biological evaluation of marine natural products ma’edamines A and B. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1013-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Cannon JS, Overman LE. Is there no end to the total syntheses of strychnine? Lessons learned in strategy and tactics in total synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:4288-311. [PMID: 22431197 PMCID: PMC3804246 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201107385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
From the 19th century to the present, the complex indole alkaloid strychnine has engaged the chemical community. In this Review, we examine why strychnine has been and remains today an important target for directed synthesis efforts. A selection of the diverse syntheses of strychnine is discussed with the aim of identifying their influence on the evolution of the strategy and tactics of organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S. Cannon
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025 (USA)
| | - Larry E. Overman
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025 (USA)
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12
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Cannon JS, Overman LE. Kein Ende für Totalsynthesen von Strychnin in Sicht? Lektionen für Strategien und Methoden in der Totalsynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201107385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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de Lemos E, Agouridas E, Sorin G, Guerreiro A, Commerçon A, Pancrazi A, Betzer JF, Lannou MI, Ardisson J. Conception, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Original Discodermolide Analogues. Chemistry 2011; 17:10123-34. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Lin L, Kuang Y, Liu X, Feng X. Indium(III)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hetero-Diels–Alder Reaction of Brassard-Type Diene with Aliphatic Aldehydes. Org Lett 2011; 13:3868-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2013999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yulong Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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15
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Turks M, Fairweather KA, Scopelliti R, Vogel P. Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of Long-Chain Polyketides Containing up to Ten Contiguous Stereogenic Centres by Double Chain Elongation. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Exner CJ, Turks M, Fonquerne F, Vogel P. Concise Synthesis of Complicated Polypropionates through One-Pot Dissymmetrical Two-Directional Chain Elongation. Chemistry 2011; 17:4246-53. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Exner CJ, Laclef S, Poli F, Turks M, Vogel P. Total Asymmetric Syntheses of β-Hydroxy-δ-lactones via Umpolung with Sulfur Dioxide. J Org Chem 2011; 76:840-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo102035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia J. Exner
- Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis (LGSA), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Laclef
- Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis (LGSA), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florent Poli
- Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis (LGSA), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maris Turks
- Faculty of Material Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Pierre Vogel
- Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis (LGSA), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Raghavan S, Sudheer Babu V, Sridhar B. Mercury(II)-Mediated Cleavage of Cyclopropylcarbinols by an Intramolecular Sulfinyl Group as a Stereo- and Regioselective Route to Stereotriads and Stereotetrads. J Org Chem 2010; 76:557-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1019909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadagopan Raghavan
- Organic Division I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Vaddela Sudheer Babu
- Organic Division I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - B. Sridhar
- Lab of X-ray Crystallography, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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19
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Zhao Y, Fang WS, Pors K. Microtubule stabilising agents for cancer chemotherapy. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2009; 19:607-22. [DOI: 10.1517/13543770902775713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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20
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Asymmetric synthesis of chiral Roche ester and its derivatives via Rh-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation with chiral phosphine-phosphoramidite ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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de Lemos E, Porée FH, Bourin A, Barbion J, Agouridas E, Lannou MI, Commerçon A, Betzer JF, Pancrazi A, Ardisson J. Total synthesis of discodermolide: optimization of the effective synthetic route. Chemistry 2009; 14:11092-112. [PMID: 18973162 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and modulable total synthesis of discodermolide (DDM), a unique marine anticancer polyketide is described including related alternative synthetic approaches. Particularly notable is the repeated application of a crotyltitanation reaction to yield homoallylic (Z)-O-ene-carbamate alcohols with excellent selectivity. Advantage was taken of this reaction not only for the stereocontrolled building of the syn-anti methyl-hydroxy-methyl triads of DDM, but also for the direct construction of the terminal (Z)-diene. Of particular interest is also the installation of the C13=C14 (Z)-double bond through a highly selective dyotropic rearrangement. The preparation of the middle C8-C14 fragment in two sequential stages and its coupling to the C1-C7 moiety was a real challenge and required careful optimization. Several synthetic routes were explored to allow high and reliable yields. Due to the flexibility and robust character of this approach, it might enable a systematic structural variation of DDM and, therefore, the elaboration and exploration of novel discodermolide structural analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa de Lemos
- Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, CNRS UMR 8638, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75270 Paris Cedex, France
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22
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23
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Total synthesis of novel dictyostatin analogs and hybrids as microtubule-stabilizing anticancer agents. PURE APPL CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-08-09-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Structural modification of the dictyostatin macrolide template through adaptation of our total synthesis has led to the identification of a number of potent analogs of this novel microtubule-stabilizing agent. A common synthetic strategy was exploited, employing a (Z)-selective Still-Gennari olefination between various advanced C11-C26 aldehyde and C4-C10 (or C1-C10) β-ketophosphonate intermediates. In vitro evaluation of the growth inhibitory activity of these analogs against both Taxol-sensitive and -resistant human cancer cell lines has provided a foundation for structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies to help define the pharmacophore region.
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24
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Paterson I, Gardner NM, Guzmán E, Wright AE. Total synthesis and biological evaluation of novel C2-C6 region analogues of dictyostatin. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:2282-9. [PMID: 19022679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Revised: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
By exploiting a Still-Gennari HWE coupling with a common C11-C26 aldehyde, a series of C2-C6 modified analogues of the microtubule-stabilising marine natural product dictyostatin were synthesised and evaluated in vitro for growth inhibition against a range of human cancer cell lines, including the (P-glycoprotein efflux-mediated) Taxol-resistant NCI/ADR cell line. Removal of the C6 methyl substituent in dictyostatin was found to be well tolerated and led to the retention of antiproliferative activity in the low nanomolar range (IC(50)=43 nM in the NCI/ADR cell line), while partial and full saturation of the (2Z,4E)-dienoate region led to a progressive reduction in biological potency. The lactone ring size was found to be critical, as C21 to C19 translactonisation to afford 20-membered isodictyostatin analogues led to a significant loss of cytotoxicity. In a series of incubatory experiments performed on the PANC-1 cell line, all three of the 22-membered macrolide analogues acted in an analogous fashion to dictyostatin, through a mechanism of microtubule stabilization, causing both an accumulation of cells at the G2/M phase and formation of characteristic dense intracellular microtubule bundles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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25
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Holz J, Schäffner B, Zayas O, Spannenberg A, Börner A. Synthesis of Chiral 2-Hydroxy-1-methylpropanoates by Rhodium-Catalyzed Stereoselective Hydrogenation of α-(Hydroxymethyl)-acrylate Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Cao H, Parker KA. Short synthesis of the C1-C14 stretch of discodermolide from building blocks prepared by asymmetric catalysis. Org Lett 2008; 10:1353-6. [PMID: 18311989 DOI: 10.1021/ol7029933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A convergent and stereoselective synthesis of the C1-C14 stretch of (+)-discodermolide demonstrates the utility of the "asymmetric catalysis approach" to complex polypropionates. The preparation of this complex synthon requires 15 steps in the longest linear sequence and 19 steps total from inexpensive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyan Cao
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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27
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Florence GJ, Gardner NM, Paterson I. Development of practical syntheses of the marine anticancer agents discodermolide and dictyostatin. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:342-75. [PMID: 18389141 DOI: 10.1039/b705661n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Initially isolated in trace quantities from deep-sea sponges, the structurally related polyketides discodermolide and dictyostatin share the same microtubule-stabilizing antimitotic mechanism as Taxol. Discodermolide has been the focus of intense research activity in order to develop a practical supply route, and these efforts ultimately allowed its large-scale synthesis and the initiation of clinical trials as a novel anticancer drug. Similarly, the re-isolation and synthesis of dictyostatin continues to stimulate the biological and chemical communities in their quest for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents. This comprehensive review chronicles the synthetic endeavours undertaken over the last 15 years towards the development and realization of practical chemical syntheses of discodermolide and, more recently, dictyostatin, focusing on the methods and strategies employed for achieving overall stereocontrol and key fragment unions, as well as the design and synthesis of novel hybrid structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon J Florence
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9 ST, United Kingdom.
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28
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Paterson I, Florence GJ. The Chemical Synthesis of Discodermolide. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2008; 286:73-119. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2008_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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29
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Altmann KH, Gertsch J. Anticancer drugs from nature--natural products as a unique source of new microtubule-stabilizing agents. Nat Prod Rep 2007; 24:327-57. [PMID: 17390000 DOI: 10.1039/b515619j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This review article provides an overview on the current state of research in the area of microtubule-stabilizing agents from natural sources, with a primary focus on the biochemistry, biology, and pharmacology associated with these compounds. A variety of natural products have been discovered over the last decade to inhibit human cancer cell proliferation through a taxol-like mechanism. These compounds represent a whole new range of structurally diverse lead structures for anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), HCI H405, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
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30
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de Lemos E, Porée FH, Commerçon A, Betzer JF, Pancrazi A, Ardisson J. α-Oxygenated Crotyltitanium and Dyotropic Rearrangement in the Total Synthesis of Discodermolide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1917-21. [PMID: 17262876 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa de Lemos
- Université de Cergy-Pontoise, CNRS UMR 8123, 5 Mail Gay Lussac, 95031 Cergy Pontoise Cedex, France
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31
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de Lemos E, Porée FH, Commerçon A, Betzer JF, Pancrazi A, Ardisson J. α-Oxygenated Crotyltitanium and Dyotropic Rearrangement in the Total Synthesis of Discodermolide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Paterson I, Gardner NM, Poullennec KG, Wright AE. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel analogues of dictyostatin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:2443-7. [PMID: 17336522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel analogues of the microtubule-stabilising agent dictyostatin were designed using existing SAR information from the structurally related discodermolide, synthesised by a late-stage diversification strategy and evaluated in vitro for growth inhibition against a range of human cancer cell lines, including those known to exhibit Taxol-resistance (AsPC-1, DLD-1, PANC-1, NCI/ADR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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Abstract
The aldol reaction is one of the most important methods for the stereoselective construction of polyketide natural products, not only for nature but also for synthetic chemistry. The tremendous development in the field of aldol additions during the last 30 years has led to more and more total syntheses of complicated natural products. This Review illustrates by means of selected syntheses of natural products the new variants of the aldol addition. This includes aldol additions with various metal enolates, as well as metal-complex-catalyzed, organocatalytic, and biocatalytic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Schetter
- Chemisches Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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34
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Negishi EI. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Organometallic Reactions that Have Revolutionized Organic Synthesis. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Shaw SJ, Menzella HG, Myles DC, Xian M, Smith AB. Coumarin-derived discodermolide analogues possessing equivalent antiproliferative activity to the natural product—a further simplification of the lactone region. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:2753-5. [PMID: 17700839 DOI: 10.1039/b708884c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of discodermolide in which the complete C-1 to C-7 fragment is replaced with a coumarin moiety display equivalent potency to that of the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Shaw
- Kosan Biosciences, Inc., 3832 Bay Center Place, Hayward, CA 94545, USA.
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Abstract
Progress toward a total synthesis of spirastrellolide A, a 38-membered marine macrolide, is reported. Syntheses of two diastereomers of the C1-C25 region, and an evolving Sharpless dihydroxylation strategy toward a C26-C40 fragment, are described. The syntheses exploit boron-mediated aldol chemistry to install key stereocenters, and feature late-stage thermodynamically controlled spiroacetalizations.
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37
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Mickel SJ. Total synthesis of the marine natural product (+)-discodermolide in multigram quantities. PURE APPL CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1351/pac200779040685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The novel polyketide (+)-discodermolide was isolated in very small quantities from sponge extracts. This compound is one of several microtubule stabilizers showing promise as novel chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. The clinical evaluation of this and similar compounds is hampered by lack of material, and at present, the only way to obtain the necessary quantities is total chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Mickel
- 1Novartis Pharma AG, CHAD, WKL-684.2.31 Klybeckstrasse, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
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Sai Baba V, Das P, Mukkanti K, Iqbal J. A cross metathesis approach to the synthesis of the C11–C23 fragment of (−)-16-normethyldictyostatin. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Bulger PG, Sarlah D. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in total synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:4442-89. [PMID: 15991198 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200500368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2125] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In studying the evolution of organic chemistry and grasping its essence, one comes quickly to the conclusion that no other type of reaction plays as large a role in shaping this domain of science than carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. The Grignard, Diels-Alder, and Wittig reactions are but three prominent examples of such processes, and are among those which have undeniably exercised decisive roles in the last century in the emergence of chemical synthesis as we know it today. In the last quarter of the 20th century, a new family of carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions based on transition-metal catalysts evolved as powerful tools in synthesis. Among them, the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are the most prominent. In this Review, highlights of a number of selected syntheses are discussed. The examples chosen demonstrate the enormous power of these processes in the art of total synthesis and underscore their future potential in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Shaw SJ, Zhang D, Sundermann KF, Myles DC. Fragment Assembly: An Alternative Approach to Generating Complex Polyketides. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910600616784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Craita C, Bouchez L, Turks M, Huang X, Fonquerne F, Murcia MC, Vogel P. Total Synthesis of Polypropionate Natural Products: Application of New Sulfur Dioxide Chemistry. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500590910828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Craita
- a Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne , Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - L. Bouchez
- a Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne , Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - M. Turks
- a Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne , Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - X. Huang
- a Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne , Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - F. Fonquerne
- a Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne , Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - M. C. Murcia
- a Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne , Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - P. Vogel
- a Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne , Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
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Shaw SJ, Sundermann KF, Burlingame MA, Zhang D, Petryka J, Myles DC. A series of 23,24-dihydrodiscodermolide analogues with simplified lactone regions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:1961-4. [PMID: 16413186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2005] [Revised: 12/16/2005] [Accepted: 12/20/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A collection of seven new 23,24-dihydrodiscodermolide analogues have been synthesized with modifications to the lactone ring, some of which show antiproliferative activities similar to discodermolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Shaw
- Kosan Biosciences, Inc., 3832 Bay Center Place, Hayward, CA 94545, USA.
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Daniel PT, Koert U, Schuppan J. Apoptolidin: Induction of Apoptosis by a Natural Product. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:872-93. [PMID: 16404760 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200502698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Apoptolidin is a natural product that selectively induces apoptosis in several cancer cell lines. Apoptosis, programmed cell death, is a biological key pathway for regulating homeostasis and morphogenesis. Apoptotic misregulations are connected with several diseases, in particular cancer. The extrinsic way to apoptosis leads through death ligands and death receptors to the activiation of the caspase cascade, which results in proteolytic degradation of the cell architecture. The intrinsic pathway transmits signals of internal cellular damage to the mitochondrion, which loses its structural integrity, and forms an apoptosome that initiates the caspase cascade. Compounds which regulate apoptosis are of high medical significance. Many natural products regulate apoptotic pathways, and apoptolidin is one of them. The known synthetic routes to apoptolidin are described and compared in this Review. Selected further natural products which regulate apoptosis are introduced briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Daniel
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, University Medical Center Charité, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
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Daniel PT, Koert U, Schuppan J. Apoptolidin: Induktion von Apoptose durch einen Naturstoff. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200502698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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Aquaculture of “Non-Food Organisms” for Natural Substance Production. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/b135821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Ramachandran PV, Prabhudas B, Chandra JS, Reddy MVR. Diastereoselective dihydroxylation and regioselective deoxygenation of dihydropyranones: a novel protocol for the stereoselective synthesis of C1-C8 and C15-C21 subunits of (+)-discodermolide. J Org Chem 2005; 69:6294-304. [PMID: 15357588 DOI: 10.1021/jo0492416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diastereoselective dihydroxylation of dihydropyranones and subsequent regioselective alpha-deoxygenation provides 1,3-trans-beta-hydroxy-delta-lactones stereoselectively. This protocol has been applied for the synthesis of C(1)-C(8) and C(15)-C(21) subunits of (+)-discodermolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Veeraraghavan Ramachandran
- Herbert C. Brown Center for Borane Research, 560 Oval Drive, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA.
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Nicolaou KC, Bulger PG, Sarlah D. Palladiumkatalysierte Kreuzkupplungen in der Totalsynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200500368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 629] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Coste G, Gerber-Lemaire S. Enzymatic desymmetrization of 1,1′-methylenedi[(1R,1′S,3R,3′S,5S,5′R)-3-hydroxy-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-1-yl]: novel precursors of long chain polyketides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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