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Löw H, Mena-Osteritz E, Mullen KM, Jäger CM, von Delius M. Self-Assembly, Adaptive Response, and in,out-Stereoisomerism of Large Orthoformate Cryptands. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1008-1012. [PMID: 32347636 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report on triethylene glycol-based orthoformate cryptands, which adapt their bridgehead configurations in response to metal templates and intramolecular hydrogen bonding in a complex manner. In contrast to smaller 1.1.1-orthoformate cryptands, the inversion from out,out-2.2.2 to in,in-2.2.2 occurs spontaneously by thermal homeomorphic isomerization, i. e., without bond breakage. The global thermodynamic minimum of the entire network, which includes an unprecedented third isomer (in,out-2.2.2), could only be reached under conditions that facilitate dynamic covalent exchange. Both inversion processes were studied in detail, including DFT calculations and MD simulations, which were particularly helpful for explaining differences between equilibrium compositions in solvents chloroform and acetonitrile. Unexpectedly, the system could be driven to the in,out-2.2.2 state by using a metal template with a size mismatch with respect to the out,out-2.2.2 cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Löw
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elena Mena-Osteritz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathleen M Mullen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Christof M Jäger
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Löw H, Mena-Osteritz E, von Delius M. Self-templated synthesis of an orthoformate in,in-cryptand and its bridgehead inversion by dynamic covalent exchange. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11434-11437. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05968g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the template-free dynamic covalent self-assembly of a small orthoformate cryptand, which appears to be driven by the formation of two sets of intramolecular, four-centre hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Löw
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | | | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
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Bonnot C, Chambron JC, Espinosa E, Bernauer K, Scholten U, Graff R. The Proton Complex of a Diaza-macropentacycle: Structure, Slow Formation, and Chirality Induction by Ion Pairing with the Optically Active 1,1′-Binaphthyl-2,2′-diyl Phosphate Anion. J Org Chem 2008; 73:7871-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801438d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bonnot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS no. 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, CP 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut de Chimie (UMR CNRS no. 7177), Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Claude Chambron
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS no. 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, CP 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut de Chimie (UMR CNRS no. 7177), Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS no. 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, CP 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut de Chimie (UMR CNRS no. 7177), Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Klaus Bernauer
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS no. 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, CP 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut de Chimie (UMR CNRS no. 7177), Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ulrich Scholten
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS no. 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, CP 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut de Chimie (UMR CNRS no. 7177), Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Roland Graff
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS no. 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, CP 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut de Chimie (UMR CNRS no. 7177), Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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