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Sadlej A, Jaźwiński J. Complexation in situ of 1-methylpiperidine, 1,2-dimethylpyrrolidin, and 1,2-dimethylpiperidine with rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chiral recognition, and density functional theory studies. Chirality 2021; 33:660-674. [PMID: 34425025 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Complexation in situ of 1-methylpiperidine, racemic 1,2-dimethylpyrrolidin, and racemic 1,2-dimethylpiperidine with rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates in chloroform was studied by 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) methods. As substrates, three dirhodium(II) compounds were applied, tetraacetate, tetrakistrifluoroacetate, and a derivative of optically pure Mosher's acid. Due to conformational flexibility, free and complexed ligands can adopt potentially various conformations. The NMR titration experiments revealed the subsequent formation of 1:1 and 1:2 complexes, depending on the molar ratio of substrate to ligand. Conformations of free and complexed ligands were examined by the comparison of experimental and DFT gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) calculated chemical shifts and by the analysis of the internal energy of the compounds. For some ligand and substrate combinations, a mixture of complexes differing in ligand conformations was formed. Complexes of Mosher's acid derivative of rhodium(II) with racemic 1,2-dimethylpyrrolidin and 1,2-dimethylpiperidine exhibited NMR chiral recognition phenomenon, manifested by splitting of signals in 13 C NMR and 1 H,13 C HSQC spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sadlej
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jarosław Jaźwiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
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Głaszczka R, Jaźwiński J. Complexation of selenomethionine and its derivatives with some dimeric rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates: 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.126908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cmoch P, Głaszczka R, Jaźwiński J, Kamieński B, Senkara E. Adducts of nitrogenous ligands with rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates and tetraformamidinate: NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2014; 52:61-68. [PMID: 24327228 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Complexation of tetrakis(μ2-N,N'-diphenylformamidinato-N,N')-di-rhodium(II) with ligands containing nitrile, isonitrile, amine, hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, isocyanate, and isothiocyanate functional groups has been studied in liquid and solid phases using (1)H, (13)C and (15)N NMR, (13)C and (15)N cross polarisation-magic angle spinning NMR, and absorption spectroscopy in the visible range. The complexation was monitored using various NMR physicochemical parameters, such as chemical shifts, longitudinal relaxation times T1 , and NOE enhancements. Rhodium(II) tetraformamidinate selectively bonded only unbranched amine (propan-1-amine), pentanenitrile, and (1-isocyanoethyl)benzene. No complexation occurred in the case of ligands having hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, isocyanate, and isothiocyanate functional groups, and more expanded amine molecules such as butan-2-amine and 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. Such features were opposite to those observed in rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates, forming adducts with all kind of ligands. Special attention was focused on the analysis of Δδ parameters, defined as a chemical shift difference between signal in adduct and corresponding signal in free ligand. In the case of (1)H NMR, Δδ values were either negative in adducts of rhodium(II) tetraformamidinate or positive in adducts of rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates. Experimental findings were supported by density functional theory molecular modelling and gauge independent atomic orbitals chemical shift calculations. The calculation of chemical shifts combined with scaling procedure allowed to reproduce qualitatively Δδ parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Cmoch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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Głaszczka R, Jaźwiński J. Complexation of heteroaromatic N-oxides with rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates in solution: DFT and NMR investigations. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jaźwiński J, Sadlej A. Complexation of rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates with aliphatic diamines in solution: 1H and 13C NMR and DFT investigations. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2013; 51:662-670. [PMID: 23943201 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.3997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The complexation of rhodium(II) tetraacetate, tetrakistrifluoroaceate and tetrakisoctanoate with a set of diamines (ethane-1,diamine, propane-1,3-diamine and nonane-1,9-diamine) and their N,N'-dimethyl and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl derivatives in chloroform solution has been investigated by (1) H and (13) C NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) modelling. A combination of two bifunctional reagents, diamines and rhodium(II) tetracarboxylates, yielded insoluble coordination polymers as main products of complexation and various adducts in the solution, being in equilibrium with insoluble material. All diamines initially formed the 2 : 1 (blue), (1 : 1)n oligomeric (red) and 1 : 2 (red) axial adducts in solution, depending on the reagents' molar ratio. Adducts of primary and secondary diamines decomposed in the presence of ligand excess, the former via unstable equatorial complexes. The complexation of secondary diamines slowed down the inversion at nitrogen atoms in NH(CH3 ) functional groups and resulted in the formation of nitrogenous stereogenic centres, detectable by NMR. Axial adducts of tertiary diamines appeared to be relatively stable. The presence of long aliphatic chains in molecules (adducts of nonane-1,9-diamines or rhodium(II) tetrakisoctanoate) increased adduct solubility. Hypothetical structures of the equatorial adduct of rhodium(II) tetraacetate with ethane-1,2-diamine and their NMR parameters were explored by means of DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Jaźwiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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Głaszczka R, Jaźwiński J. Complexation of oxygen ligands with dimeric rhodium(II) tetrakistrifluoroacetate in chloroform: 1H, 13CNMR and DFT studies. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mattiza JT, Meyer V, Özüduru G, Heine T, Fohrer J, Duddeck H. Competition of Ester, Amide, Ether, Carbonate, Alcohol and Epoxide Ligands in the Dirhodium Experiment (Chiral Discrimination by NMR Spectroscopy) [1]. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-eight derivatives of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid, each with two different oxygen functionalities, were synthesized and subjected to the standard dirhodium experiment (1H NMR in the presence of an equimolar amount of the chiral dirhodium tetracarboxylate complex Rh*). Their structures represent ester, amide, carbonate, ether, alcohol and/or epoxy groups. Significant selectivity in the binding of those oxygen groups to the complex were determined. From these results, a priority list in binding to a rhodium atom of Rh* was established: epoxides > primary alcohols > ethers ≥ esters ≥ amides > carbonates > tertiary alcohols This sequence allows the prediction of the preferred binding site of oxygen-containing groups in polyfunctional compounds, which frequently occur among natural products, and, particularly, in asymmetric synthesis of such compounds. Differentiation of the enantiomers by the dirhodium experiment is easily accomplished due to numerous signal dispersions in nearly all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens T. Mattiza
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Vera Meyer
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gülsüm Özüduru
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Tanja Heine
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Fohrer
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helmut Duddeck
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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Wenzel TJ, Chisholm CD. Using NMR spectroscopic methods to determine enantiomeric purity and assign absolute stereochemistry. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 59:1-63. [PMID: 21600355 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Wenzel
- Department of Chemistry, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240, USA.
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Mattiza JT, Meyer VJ, Duddeck H. Stereoisomeric 2-butylphenylsulfoxides and their binding modes in the adduct formation with an enantiopure dirhodium tetracarboxylate complex. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rozwadowski Z, Nowak-Wydra B. Chiral recognition of Schiff bases by 15N NMR spectroscopy in the presence of a dirhodium complex. Deuterium isotope effect on 15N chemical shift of the optically active Schiff bases and their dirhodium tetracarboxylate adducts. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46:974-978. [PMID: 18666208 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Optically active Schiff bases, derivatives of ortho-hydroxyaldehydes and their adducts with dirhodium tetracarboxylate complexes have been studied by (15)N NMR spectroscopy. The position of the equilibrium of Schiff bases, as well as their adducts, has been established on the basis of measurements of deuterium isotope effects on (15)N chemical shifts. At the equilibrium state, the formation of the adducts with dirhodium complexes shifted the proton-transfer equilibrium towards the NH-form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rozwadowski
- Institute of Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Szczecin University of Technology, Al. Piastów 42, 70-065 Szczecin, Poland.
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Gómez ED, Antus S, Ferenczi R, Rys B, Stankiewicz A, Duddeck H. Enantiodifferentiation by 1H and 13C NMR Spectroscopy (Dirhodium Method) – Selectivity of Oxygen Functionalities. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral carbonyl compounds can easily be enantiodifferentiated by the dirhodium method. The rhodium atoms reveal a remarkable selectivity in binding to oxygen atoms, which is of great advantage for discriminating chiral polyoxygenated natural products. Amides are the strongest ligands followed by ketones and esters; ethers and alcohols/phenols are even less effective. This sequence is rationalized by electronic charges at the oxygen atoms, as obtained from density functional calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Díaz Gómez
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sándor Antus
- Debrecen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, P.O.B. 20, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Renáta Ferenczi
- Research Group for Carbohydrates, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O.B. 55, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Barbara Rys
- Jagiellonian University Krakow, Department of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Stankiewicz
- Jagiellonian University Krakow, Department of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Helmut Duddeck
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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Gómez ED, Doğan I, Yilmaz M, Demir-Ordu O, Albert D, Duddeck H. Atropisomeric 3-aryl-2-oxo-4-oxazolidinones and some thione analogues—Enantiodifferentiation and ligand competition in applying the dirhodium method. Chirality 2008; 20:344-50. [PMID: 17663406 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The atropisomeric 2-oxo-4-oxazolidinones 1Z bind weakly to the rhodium atoms in the complex Rh(II)2 [(R)-(+)-MTPA]4 (Rh*, MTPA-H = methoxytrifluoromethylphenylacetic acid identical with Mosher's acid), presumably via the C-2 carbonyl oxygen atom. There are some 1H and 13C NMR signals in these compounds which show small dispersion effects suitable for enantiodifferentiation. In contrast, the thiocarbonyl sulfur atoms in 2Z and 3Z bind strongly so that significant complexation shifts (Delta delta) and diastereomeric dispersion effects (Delta nu) can be observed, and chiral discrimination and the determination of enantiomeric ratios of these thiocarbonyl compounds is easy. So, it is shown that--as expected--C=S is a much better binding site when competing with C=O. In compounds of Series 2 a "syn-methyl effect" was discovered which describes the dependence of dispersion effects of syn-oriented methyl groups 6 on the nature of the substituents Z. A mechanism of combined steric and electronic interaction influencing the conformational equilibria inside the adducts is proposed. Determination of absolute configurations by correlation fails, at least on the basis of the data available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Díaz Gómez
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg, Hannover, Germany
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Díaz Gómez E, Duddeck H. Origin of 13C complexation shifts in the adduct formation of 2-butyl phenyl ethers with a dirhodium tetracarboxylate complex. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46:23-29. [PMID: 18098227 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Complexation of the oxygen atom in 2-butyl phenyl ethers to a rhodium atom of the dirhodium tetracarboxylate Rh(II) 2[(R)-(+)-MTPA]4(Rh*, MTPA-H = methoxytrifluoromethylphenylacetic acid identical with Mosher's acid) deshields an sp3-hybridized 13C nucleus directly bonded to the ether oxygen; apparently, the inductive effect of the oxygen is enhanced when it is complexed to the rhodium atom. On the other hand, deshielding complexation shifts of aromatic ipso-carbons (alpha-positioned) are minute but ortho- and para-carbon signals are influenced by the resonance effect of oxygen. This effect can be modulated by further substituents at the benzene ring. In turn, this modulation of the resonance correlates linearly ith the magnitude of the inductive effect exerted on the aliphatic alpha-carbon atoms. Diastereomeric dispersion effects at 13C signals can be observed for most compounds, indicating that enantiodifferentiation is possible in this class of ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Díaz Gómez
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Schneiderberg 1B, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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Díaz Gómez E, Brotin T, Duddeck H. Enantiodifferentiation of polyethers by the dirhodium method. Part 2: Cyclotriveratrylenes and cryptophanes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rozwadowski Z. Chiral recognition of the Schiff bases by NMR spectroscopy in the presence of a chiral dirhodium complex. Deuterium isotope effect on 13C chemical shift of the optically active Schiff bases and their dirhodium adducts. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2007; 45:605-10. [PMID: 17534869 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The dirhodium method has been successfully applied in chiral recognition of the optically active Schiff bases, derivatives of ortho-hydroxyaldehydes existing in the NH-form. or at tautomeric equilibrium. The position of the equilibrium of Schiff bases as well as their adducts has been established on the basis of measurements of deuterium isotope effects on 13C chemical shifts. The presence of the proton transfer equilibrium or NH-tautomer has promoted the adduct formation. At the equilibrium state, formation of the adducts has shifted the proton transfer equilibrium towards the NH-form. The binding site was the oxygen atom of the proton donor group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rozwadowski
- Institute of Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Szczecin University of Technology, Al. Piastów 42, 70-065 Szczecin, Poland.
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Duddeck H, Díaz Gómez E, Frelek J, Woznica M, Kowalska P, Jaźwiński J. Chalcogen Atom Competition in the Coordination of Bicyclic β-Lactam Derivatives to a Dirhodium Tetracarboxylate Complex. HETEROCYCLES 2007. [DOI: 10.3987/com-07-s(w)13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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