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López R, Palomo C. Planar Chirality: A Mine for Catalysis and Structure Discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa López
- Department of Organic Chemistry I Faculty of Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Manuel de Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Department of Organic Chemistry I Faculty of Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Manuel de Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
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Lopez R, Palomo C. Planar Chirality: A mine for catalysis and structure discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113504. [PMID: 34717037 PMCID: PMC9304569 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Planar chirality is one of the most fascinating expressions of chirality, exploited by Nature to lock three-dimensional chiral conformations and, more recently, by chemists to create new chiral reagents, catalysts and functional organic materials. Nevertheless, the shortage of protocols able to induce and secure asymmetry during the generation of these unique chiral entities has dissuaded chemists to exploit their structural properties. This Minireview intends to illustrate the limited but remarkable catalytic methodologies reported for the production of planar chirality in strained molecules and serve as source of inspiration for the development of new unconventional protocols that are expected to come in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Lopez
- University of the Basque Country, Dept. of Organic Chemistry I, Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20009, San Sebastán, SPAIN
| | - Claudio Palomo
- University of the Basque Country: Universidad del Pais Vasco, Department of Organic Chemistry I, SPAIN
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Elwahy AHM, Hafner K. Alkynylazulenes as Building Blocks for Highly Unsaturated Scaffolds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus Hafner
- Clemens Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Technische Universität, Darmstadt Petersenstraβe 22 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
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Tanaka K. Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar Chiral Cyclophanes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550
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Vibhute AM, Pushpanandan P, Varghese M, Koniecnzy V, Taylor CW, Sureshan KM. Synthesis of dimeric analogs of adenophostin A that potently evoke Ca 2+ release through IP 3 receptors. RSC Adv 2016; 6:86346-86351. [PMID: 28066549 PMCID: PMC5171214 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19413c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Syntheses and Ca2+ release potentials of four dimeric analogs of adenophostin A (AdA) through activation of type 1 IP3R are reported. These analogs are full agonists of IP3R and are equipotent to AdA, the most potent agonist of IP3R.
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are tetrameric intracellular channels through which many extracellular stimuli initiate the Ca2+ signals that regulate diverse cellular responses. There is considerable interest in developing novel ligands of IP3R. Adenophostin A (AdA) is a potent agonist of IP3R and since some dimeric analogs of IP3R ligands are more potent than the corresponding monomer; we considered whether dimeric AdA analogs might provide agonists with increased potency. We previously synthesized traizolophostin, in which a simple triazole replaced the adenine of AdA, and showed it to be equipotent to AdA. Here, we used click chemistry to synthesize four homodimeric analogs of triazolophostin, connected by oligoethylene glycol chains of different lengths. We evaluated the potency of these analogs to release Ca2+ through type 1 IP3R and established that the newly synthesized dimers are equipotent to AdA and triazolophostin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol M Vibhute
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695016 , India . ; http://kms514.wix.com/kmsgroup
| | - Poornenth Pushpanandan
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695016 , India . ; http://kms514.wix.com/kmsgroup
| | - Maria Varghese
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695016 , India . ; http://kms514.wix.com/kmsgroup
| | - Vera Koniecnzy
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Cambridge , Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1PD , UK
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Cambridge , Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1PD , UK
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala 695016 , India . ; http://kms514.wix.com/kmsgroup
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Kotha S, Shirbhate ME, Waghule GT. Selected synthetic strategies to cyclophanes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1274-1331. [PMID: 26425186 PMCID: PMC4578384 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we cover various approaches to meta- and paracyclophanes involving popular reactions. Generally, we have included a strategy where the reaction was used for assembling the cyclophane skeleton for further functionalization. In several instances, after the cyclophane is made several popular reactions are used and these are not covered here. We included various natural products related to cyclophanes. To keep the length of the review at a manageable level the literature related to orthocyclophanes was not included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
| | - Mukesh Eknath Shirbhate
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
| | - Gopalkrushna T Waghule
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
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Ghasemabadi PG, Yao T, Bodwell GJ. Cyclophanes containing large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6494-518. [PMID: 26024232 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00274e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophanes have been firmly entrenched as a distinct class of compounds for well over half a century. The two main factors that have kept this field of chemistry going so strongly for such a long time are tremendous structural diversity and the interesting behaviour that is often observed. Although a very large number cyclophanes has been reported, only a very small proportion of them contain polycyclic aromatic systems that can be thought of as "large", i.e. with ≥4 rings. This Review puts the spotlight on such cyclophanes, illuminating both the chemistry that was used to synthesize them and what was learned from studying them. Context for the main body is provided by the careful consideration of the anatomy of a cyclophane and the classification of general synthetic approaches. The subsequent sections cover eleven different PAHs and are organized primarily according to increasing size of the aromatic system, starting with pyrene (C16, the only large polycyclic aromatic system to have been incorporated into numerous cyclophanes) and ending with hexabenzo[bc,ef,hi,kl,no,qr]coronene (C42).
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Krieger JP, Ricci G, Lesuisse D, Meyer C, Cossy J. Efficient and Modular Synthesis of New Structurally Diverse Functionalized [n]Paracyclophanes by a Ring-Distortion Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201401070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Krieger JP, Ricci G, Lesuisse D, Meyer C, Cossy J. Efficient and Modular Synthesis of New Structurally Diverse Functionalized [n]Paracyclophanes by a Ring-Distortion Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8705-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201401070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Mukherjee C, Mäkinen K, Savolainen J, Leino R. Chemistry and Biology of Oligovalent β-(1→2)-Linked Oligomannosides: New Insights into Carbohydrate-Based Adjuvants in Immunotherapy. Chemistry 2013; 19:7961-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Araki T, Noguchi K, Tanaka K. Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar-Chiral Carba-Paracyclophanes: Rhodium-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of Cyclic Diynes with Terminal Monoynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5617-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Araki T, Noguchi K, Tanaka K. Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar-Chiral Carba-Paracyclophanes: Rhodium-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of Cyclic Diynes with Terminal Monoynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shaaban MR, El-Sayed R, Elwahy AH. Construction of fused heterocycles by metal-mediated [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization of alkynes and/or nitriles. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Domínguez G, Pérez-Castells J. Recent advances in [2+2+2] cycloaddition reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3430-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 467] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Brun S, Parera M, Pla-Quintana A, Roglans A, León T, Achard T, Solà J, Verdaguer X, Riera A. Chiral N-phosphino sulfinamide ligands in rhodium(I)-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition reactions. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhu BH, Bai YH, Hong H, Gao SY. Synthesis and characterization of linked alkyne-bridging Co2C2 tetrahedral clusters and expansion reactions of (Co2(CO)6(μ-HCCCH2OOC))2R with Fe3(CO)12. J COORD CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970802401089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Hua Zhu
- a Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot , 010021 , China
| | - Yan-Hong Bai
- a Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot , 010021 , China
| | - Hong Hong
- a Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot , 010021 , China
| | - Shuang-Yu Gao
- a Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot , 010021 , China
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Hori T, Shibata Y, Tanaka K. Asymmetric synthesis of planar-chiral paracyclophanes by double C–S bond formation: comparison of catalytic activity and enantioselectivity of Pd and Rh catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hara H, Hirano M, Tanaka K. Commercially available liquid enol ethers and acetates as gaseous alkyne equivalents in cationic Rh(I)/BINAP-catalyzed chemo- and regioselective formal cross-alkyne cyclotrimerizations. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tanaka K, Sagae H, Toyoda K, Hirano M. Enantioselective synthesis of planar-chiral metacyclophanes through cationic Rh(I)/modified-BINAP-catalyzed inter- and intramolecular alkyne cyclotrimerizations. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ramana CV, Salian SR, Gonnade RG. An Expeditious Assembly of 3,4-Benzannulated 8-Oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Systems by [2+2+2] Alkyne Cyclotrimerisation: Total Synthesis of (–)-Bruguierol A. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Nishida G, Noguchi K, Hirano M, Tanaka K. Asymmetric Assembly of Aromatic Rings To Produce Tetra-ortho-Substituted Axially Chiral Biaryl Phosphorus Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Nishida G, Noguchi K, Hirano M, Tanaka K. Asymmetric Assembly of Aromatic Rings To Produce Tetra-ortho-Substituted Axially Chiral Biaryl Phosphorus Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:3951-4. [PMID: 17443755 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goushi Nishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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Wada A, Noguchi K, Hirano M, Tanaka K. Enantioselective Synthesis of C2-Symmetric Spirobipyridine Ligands through Cationic Rh(I)/Modified-BINAP- Catalyzed Double [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition. Org Lett 2007; 9:1295-8. [PMID: 17343391 DOI: 10.1021/ol070129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text]. Enantioenriched C2-symmetric spirobipyridine ligands were efficiently synthesized through a cationic rhodium(I)/(R)-Segphos or (R)-H8-BINAP complex-catalyzed enantioselective intramolecular double [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of bis-diynenitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Wada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Instrumentation Analysis Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
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Tanaka K, Suzuki N, Nishida G. Cationic Rhodium(I)/Modified-BINAP Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of Alkynes with Nitriles. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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