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Queffélec C, Pati PB, Pellegrin Y. Fifty Shades of Phenanthroline: Synthesis Strategies to Functionalize 1,10-Phenanthroline in All Positions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6700-6902. [PMID: 38747613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
1,10-Phenanthroline (phen) is one of the most popular ligands ever used in coordination chemistry due to its strong affinity for a wide range of metals with various oxidation states. Its polyaromatic structure provides robustness and rigidity, leading to intriguing features in numerous fields (luminescent coordination scaffolds, catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, sensors, theranostics, etc.). Importantly, phen offers eight distinct positions for functional groups to be attached, showcasing remarkable versatility for such a simple ligand. As a result, phen has become a landmark molecule for coordination chemists, serving as a must-use ligand and a versatile platform for designing polyfunctional arrays. The extensive use of substituted phenanthroline ligands with different metal ions has resulted in a diverse array of complexes tailored for numerous applications. For instance, these complexes have been utilized as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells, as luminescent probes modified with antibodies for biomaterials, and in the creation of elegant supramolecular architectures like rotaxanes and catenanes, exemplified by Sauvage's Nobel Prize-winning work in 2016. In summary, phen has found applications in almost every facet of chemistry. An intriguing aspect of phen is the specific reactivity of each pair of carbon atoms ([2,9], [3,8], [4,7], and [5,6]), enabling the functionalization of each pair with different groups and leading to polyfunctional arrays. Furthermore, it is possible to differentiate each position in these pairs, resulting in non-symmetrical systems with tremendous versatility. In this Review, the authors aim to compile and categorize existing synthetic strategies for the stepwise polyfunctionalization of phen in various positions. This comprehensive toolbox will aid coordination chemists in designing virtually any polyfunctional ligand. The survey will encompass seminal work from the 1950s to the present day. The scope of the Review will be limited to 1,10-phenanthroline, excluding ligands with more intracyclic heteroatoms or fused aromatic cycles. Overall, the primary goal of this Review is to highlight both old and recent synthetic strategies that find applicability in the mentioned applications. By doing so, the authors hope to establish a first reference for phenanthroline synthesis, covering all possible positions on the backbone, and hope to inspire all concerned chemists to devise new strategies that have not yet been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yann Pellegrin
- Nantes Université, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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2
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Wu Z, Krishnamurthy S, Satyanarayana Tummalapalli KS, Xu J, Yue C, Antilla JC. Enantioselective Amination of
β
‐Keto Esters Catalyzed by Chiral Calcium Phosphates. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200907. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Suvratha Krishnamurthy
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - K. S. Satyanarayana Tummalapalli
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Caizhen Yue
- School of Science Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou City Zhejiang Province 310018 China
| | - Jon C. Antilla
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- School of Science Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou City Zhejiang Province 310018 China
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3
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First Trifluoromethylated Phenanthrolinediamides: Synthesis, Structure, Stereodynamics and Complexation with Ln(III). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103114. [PMID: 35630590 PMCID: PMC9143926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first examples of 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diamides bearing CF3-groups on the side amide substituents were synthesized. Due to stereoisomerism and amide rotation, such complexes have complicated behavior in solutions. Using advanced NMR techniques and X-ray analysis, their structures were completely elucidated. The possibility of the formation of complex compounds with lanthanoids nitrates was shown, and the constants of their stability are quantified. The results obtained are explained in terms of quantum-chemical calculations.
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4
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Lauzon S, Caron L, Ollevier T. Efficient stereoselective synthesis of chiral 3,3′-dimethyl-(2,2′-bipyridine)-diol ligand and applications in Fe II-catalysis. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00188d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A seven step synthesis of a chiral 2,2′-bipyridinediol ligand with 3,3′-dimethyl substituents was achieved starting from commercially available materials.
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5
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Marakalala MB, Mmutlane EM, Kinfe HH. β-Hydroxy sulfides and their syntheses. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1668-1692. [PMID: 30013693 PMCID: PMC6036969 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur-containing natural products are ubiquitous in nature, their most abundant source being marine organisms since sulfur, in the form of the sulfate ion, is the second most abundant anion in sea water after chloride. As part of natural products, sulfur can appear in a multitude of combinations and oxidation states: thiol, sulfide (acyclic or heterocyclic), disulfide, sulfoxide, sulfonate, thioaminal, hemithioacetal, various thioesters, thiocarbamate and isothiocyanate. This review article focuses on β-hydroxy sulfides and analogs; their presence in natural products, general protocols for their synthesis, and examples of their application in target oriented synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edwin M Mmutlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Henok H Kinfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
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6
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Cetin MM, Hodson RT, Hart CR, Cordes DB, Findlater M, Casadonte DJ, Cozzolino AF, Mayer MF. Characterization and photocatalytic behavior of 2,9-di(aryl)-1,10-phenanthroline copper(i) complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:6553-6569. [PMID: 28463361 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00400a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, photophysical properties, theoretical calculations, and catalytic applications of 2,9-di(aryl)-1,10-phenanthroline copper(i) complexes are described. Specifically, this study made use of di(aryl)-1,10-phenanthroline ligands including 2,9-di(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline (1), 2,9-di(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline (2), 2,9-di(4-methoxy-3-methylphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline (3), and 2,9-di(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline (4). The 2 : 1 ligand-to-metal complexes, as PF6- salts, i.e., ([Cu·(1)2]PF6, [Cu·(2)2]PF6, [Cu·(3)2]PF6, and [Cu·(4)2]PF6) have been isolated and characterized. The structures of ligands 1 and 2 and complexes [Cu·(1)2]PF6 and [Cu·(3)2]PF6 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The photoredox catalytic activity of these copper(i) complexes was investigated in an atom-transfer radical-addition (ATRA) reaction and the results showed fairly efficient activity, with a strong wavelength dependence. In order to better understand the observed catalytic activity, photophysical emission and absorption studies, and DFT calculations were also performed. It was determined that when the excitation wavelength was appropriate for exciting into the LUMO+1 or LUMO+2, catalysis would occur. On the contrary, excitations into the LUMO resulted in no observable catalysis. In light of these results, a mechanism for the ATRA photoredox catalytic cycle has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mustafa Cetin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, MS 41061, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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7
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Tamura M, Ogata H, Ishida Y, Takahashi Y. Design and synthesis of chiral 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, and application in palladium catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Asano T, Moritani M, Nakajima M, Kotani S. Chiral lithium binaphtholate for enantioselective amination of acyclic α-alkyl-β-keto esters: Application to the total synthesis of l -carbidopa. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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9
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Kotani S, Asano T, Moritani M, Nakajima M. Enantioselective amination of acyclic α-alkylated β-keto esters catalyzed by chiral lithium binaphtholate. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Naganawa Y, Nishiyama H. Renovation of Optically Active Phenanthrolines as Powerful Chiral Ligands for Versatile Asymmetric Metal Catalysis. CHEM REC 2016; 16:2573-2584. [PMID: 27500684 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the field of asymmetric synthesis, the development of new chiral ligands has been regarded as an attractive challenge for decades. Novel chiral ligands can often have a great impact on synthetic protocols. In this context, we are currently interested in the application of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) as an entirely new class of chiral ligand. To handle this issue, we designed a chiral phen ligand that provides the N,N,O-tridentate coordination of the phen moiety and an additional phenolic hydroxyl group. As phen possesses greater coordination ability with various ions, our chiral phen ligand would be valuable as one of the "privileged" chiral ligands applied to a broad range of metal catalysts and new reactions. This account summarizes the results of the application of the chiral phen ligand to various kinds of metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Naganawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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11
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Xu C, Zhang L, Dong C, Xu J, Pan Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Li H, Yu Z, Xu L. Iridium-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of 1,10-Phenanthrolines using Formic Acid as the Hydrogen Source. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Reck LM, Haberhauer G, Lüning U. Enantiopure Chiral Concave 1,10-Phenanthrolines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Xiao X, Lin L, Lian X, Liu X, Feng X. Catalytic asymmetric α-amination of β-keto esters and β-keto amides with a chiral N,N′-dioxide–copper(i) complex. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highly efficient asymmetric α-amination of β-keto esters and β-keto amides was realized by using a chiral N,N′-dioxide/Cu(i) complex. Under mild reaction conditions, a series of chiral α-amino dicarbonyl compounds were obtained in good result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiangjin Lian
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
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14
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Naganawa Y, Namba T, Kawagishi M, Nishiyama H. Construction of a Chiral Silicon Center by Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Hydrosilylation. Chemistry 2015; 21:9319-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Ingle G, Mormino M, Antilla JC. Lithium BINOL phosphate catalyzed desymmetrization of meso-epoxides with aromatic thiols. Org Lett 2014; 16:5548-51. [PMID: 25317934 PMCID: PMC4227545 DOI: 10.1021/ol502527q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective method for desymmetrization of meso-epoxides using thiols is reported. This is the first example of epoxide activation achieved using metal BINOL phosphates. The reaction has a broad scope in terms of epoxide substrates and aromatic thiol nucleophiles. The resulting β-hydroxyl sulfides are obtained in excellent yield and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendrasingh Ingle
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Michael
G. Mormino
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Jon C. Antilla
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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16
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McDonald SL, Wang Q. Selective α-amination and α-acylation of esters and amides via dual reactivity of O-acylhydroxylamines toward zinc enolates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2535-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49296f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Amination and α-acylation of esters and amides have been developed, employing O-acylhydroxylamines as a dually reactive aminating and acylating reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Duke University
- Durham, USA
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17
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Broggi J, Terme T, Vanelle P. Organic Electron Donors as Powerful Single-Electron Reducing Agents in Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:384-413. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Broggi J, Terme T, Vanelle P. Organische Elektronendonoren als leistungsfähige Ein-Elektronen-Reduktionsmittel in der organischen Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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19
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Wang T, Chen F, Qin J, He YM, Fan QH. Asymmetric Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of 2- and 2,9-Substituted 1,10-Phenanthrolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Wang T, Chen F, Qin J, He YM, Fan QH. Asymmetric Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of 2- and 2,9-Substituted 1,10-Phenanthrolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7172-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Deng QH, Bleith T, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Enantioselective Iron-Catalyzed Azidation of β-Keto Esters and Oxindoles. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5356-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja402082p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hai Deng
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa), Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - Tim Bleith
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa), Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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22
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Sandoval D, Frazier CP, Bugarin A, Read de Alaniz J. Electrophilic α-Amination Reaction of β-Ketoesters Using N-Hydroxycarbamates: Merging Aerobic Oxidation and Lewis Acid Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18948-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ja310784f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Sandoval
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Charles P. Frazier
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Alejandro Bugarin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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23
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Aryne intermediates in the synthesis of polynuclear heterocyclic systems (Review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-012-1028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Lin A, Fang L, Zhu X, Zhu C, Cheng Y. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Sulfenylation of β-Keto Phosphonates: A Convenient Approach to Construct Hetero- Quaternary Stereocenters. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hansen JH, Parr BT, Pelphrey P, Jin Q, Autschbach J, Davies HML. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:2544-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Hansen JH, Parr BT, Pelphrey P, Jin Q, Autschbach J, Davies HML. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201004923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Smith AMR, Hii KK(M. Transition Metal Catalyzed Enantioselective α-Heterofunctionalization of Carbonyl Compounds. Chem Rev 2010; 111:1637-56. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100197z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. R. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - King Kuok (Mimi) Hii
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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28
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Stereoselective synthesis of 5,6-disubstituted 5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthrolines and a rare example of axially constrained 2,2′-bipyridines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Ghosh S, Nandakumar MV, Krautscheid H, Schneider C. Copper–bipyridine-catalyzed enantioselective α-amination of β-keto esters. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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