1
|
Zhu LC, Yang DL, Shi Y. Synthesis of 5α,6-Dihydroveragranines A and B. Org Lett 2022; 24:5825-5828. [PMID: 35920688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The 5α,6-dihydro congeners of veragranines A and B, two steroidal alkaloids with an unprecedented hexacyclic skeleton and potent analgesic effects, were synthesized from hecogenin acetate within six steps. This work enables quick access to the hexacyclic skeleton and is amendable to prepare other D-ring-modified congeners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Chao Zhu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Dong-Li Yang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yong Shi
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Indu S, Kaliappan KP. Synthetic approaches towards cortistatins: evolution and progress through its ages. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3965-3995. [PMID: 32420567 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00770f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cortistatins are a family of steroidal alkaloids with a unique pentacyclic skeleton, having immensely potent anti-angiogenetic activities. Given the scarcity in the natural availability of these compounds, their syntheses became major attractions in organic chemistry. Along with total synthesis of the most potent congeners in the family: cortistatins A and J, the synthesis of two other members have been successfully completed, while various other analogues have also been designed with variable degrees of biological activities. This review is an exhaustive coverage of the significant attempts towards constructing this highly challenging molecule and also aims to highlight the deep understanding of the structure-activity relationships of these compounds, which have been garnered over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satrajit Indu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kreiman HW, Batali ME, Jamieson CS, Lyon MA, Duncan JA. CASSCF Calculations Reveal Competitive Chair (Pericyclic) and Boat (Pseudopericyclic) Transition States for the [3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Esters. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1717-1726. [PMID: 29350923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
(10,8)CASPT2/6-31G**//(10,8)CASSCF/6-31G** and CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ//(10,8)-CASSCF/6-31G** calculations have been performed on the potential surface for the [3,3] sigmatropic allyl ester rearrangements of cis-3-penten-2-yl acetate (16) to trans-3-penten-2-yl acetate (17) and 3-buten-2-yl acetate (21) to trans-2-buten-1-yl acetate (22). The results are compared to DFT (B3LYP/6-31G**) calculations on the known 16 → 17 rearrangement that reported it to be concerted and pseudopericyclic through a boat-shaped transition structure ( Birney, D. M. et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009 , 131 , 528 - 537 ). The CASSCF calculations, on the other hand, uncovered competitive concerted pathways for both the 16 → 17 and 21 → 22 rearrangements, though it was necessary to apply certain approximations in the former case. While one CASSCF pathway in each case involves a boat-shaped transition structure, similar to the one located through DFT calculations, the other pathway involves a chair-shaped transition structure. Preference for chair or boat is shown to be method dependent. Moreover, examination of the CASSCF active-space orbitals clearly confirms that the boat-shaped transition structures are pseudopericyclic but significantly also established that the chair-shaped transition structures are clearly pericyclic. Conclusions based on these results, and regarding our understanding of pericyclic vs pseudopericyclic reactions, are proffered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry W Kreiman
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| | - Mackenzie E Batali
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| | - Cooper S Jamieson
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| | - Molly A Lyon
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| | - James A Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin Z, He Y, Chiu P. Application of (4+3) cycloaddition strategies in the synthesis of natural products. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:8881-8924. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the applications of (4+3) cycloadditions, both classical and formal, in the syntheses of natural products in the last two decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengsheng Yin
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
| | - Pauline Chiu
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sahu R, Singh V. Cycloaddition of Spiroepoxycyclohexa-2,4-dienones, Radical Cyclization and 1,3-Acyl Shift in Excited State: Aromatics to Sterpuren-4-one. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6268-6278. [PMID: 28552002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective route to sterpuren-4-one from a simple aromatic precursor is presented. Oxidative dearomatization, π4s + π2s cycloaddition of 6,6-spiroepoxycyclohexa-2,4-dienones with ethyl acrylate, radical cyclization and 1,3-acyl shift in excited state are the important aspects of our approach. An interesting effect of a remote substituent on radical cyclization has also been presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghaba Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Vishwakarma Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhurakovskyi O, Ellis SR, Thompson AL, Robertson J. Access to a Guanacastepene and Cortistatin-Related Skeleton via Ethynyl Lactone Ireland–Claisen Rearrangement and Transannular (4 + 3)-Cycloaddition of an Azatrimethylenemethane Diyl. Org Lett 2017; 19:2174-2177. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Zhurakovskyi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Sam R. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Amber L. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Jeremy Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kotoku N, Ito A, Shibuya S, Mizuno K, Takeshima A, Nogata M, Kobayashi M. Short-step synthesis and structure-activity relationship of cortistatin A analogs. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
8
|
Hu Y, Bai M, Yang Y, Zhou Q. Metal-catalyzed enyne cycloisomerization in natural product total synthesis. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00702g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enyne cycloisomerization has become a powerful and attractive strategy for the construction of cyclic compounds, thus possessing great potential for applications in total synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Miao Bai
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Qianghui Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kotoku N, Arai M, Kobayashi M. Search for Anti-angiogenic Substances from Natural Sources. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:128-34. [PMID: 26833441 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As angiogenesis is critical for tumor growth and metastasis, potent and selective anti-angiogenic agents with novel modes of action are highly needed for anti-cancer drug discovery. In this review, our studies focusing on the search for anti-angiogenic substances from natural sources, such as bastadins, globostellatic acid X methyl esters and cortistatins from marine sponges, and pyripyropenes from marine-derived fungus, together with senegasaponins from medicinal plant, are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kotoku
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aquino C, Greszler SN, Micalizio GC. Synthesis of the Cortistatin Pentacyclic Core by Alkoxide-Directed Metallacycle-Mediated Annulative Cross-Coupling. Org Lett 2016; 18:2624-7. [PMID: 27193994 PMCID: PMC4892975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pentacyclic core skeleton of the cortistatins has been prepared in a stereoselective fashion by strategic use of an alkoxide-directed metallacycle-mediated annulative cross-coupling. This metal-centered tandem reaction delivers a polyunsaturated hydrindane and establishes the C13 stereodefined quaternary center with high levels of stereocontrol. Subsequent regio- and stereoselective global hydroboration results in the realization of the DE-trans ring fusion and a tertiary alcohol at C8. Establishment of the ABC-tricyclic subunit was then accomplished through phenolic oxidation/trans-acetalization, chemoselective reduction, regioselective cleavage, and intramolecular alkylation at C5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Aquino
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Burke Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | | | - Glenn C. Micalizio
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Burke Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qiu Y, Gao S. Trends in applying C-H oxidation to the total synthesis of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:562-81. [PMID: 26847167 DOI: 10.1039/c5np00122f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2006 to 2015C-H functionalization remains one of the frontier challenges in organic chemistry and drives quite an active area of research. It has recently been applied in various novel strategies for the synthesis of natural products. It can dramatically increase synthetic efficiency when incorporated into retrosynthetic analyses of complex natural products, making it an essential part of current trends in organic synthesis. In this Review, we focus on selected case studies of recent applications of C-H oxidation methodologies in which the C-H bond has been exploited effectively to construct C-O and C-N bonds in natural product syntheses. Examples of syntheses representing different types of C-H oxidation are discussed to illustrate the potential of this approach and inspire future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyou Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bierzynski IR, Settle CA, Kreiman HW, Duncan JA. CASSCF Computational Study of Pseudopericyclic Character in Electrocyclic Rearrangements Involving Heteroatoms. J Org Chem 2016; 81:442-9. [PMID: 26651158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Complete Active Space Self-Consistent Field (CASSCF) computational method, with the 6-31G* basis set, was used to examine six electrocyclic rearrangements, each involving a 1,2,4,6-heptatetraene skeleton with two variously located oxygen and/or nitrogen heteroatoms, as a way to determine which, if any, are pseudopericyclic as opposed to pericyclic. Primarily through the close examination of the active space orbitals, but also considering transition structure geometries and activation energies, it was concluded that rearrangements 3 → 4, 5 → 6, 7 → 8, and 9 → 10 are pseudopericyclic with two orbital disconnections each, whereas the 13 → 14 and 15 → 16 rearrangements are pericyclic. Our conclusions agreed with those of others in two of the four cases that had been studied previously by density functional theory (3 → 4 and 7 → 8) but ran contrary to the previous conclusions that the 5 → 6 rearrangement is pericyclic and that the 15 → 16 rearrangement is pseudopericyclic. Our results are also compared and contrasted to previous similar ones of ours involving the 3 → 4 electrocyclization (essentially pericyclic), the 11 → 12 [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement (pseudopericyclic), and similar [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangements (all pericyclic), and detailed rationales for these latest results are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irena R Bierzynski
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| | - Cassandra A Settle
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| | - Henry W Kreiman
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| | - James A Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College , Portland, Oregon 97219-7899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lepronier A, Achard T, Giordano L, Tenaglia A, Buono G, Clavier H. Palladium-Catalyzed [2+1] Cycloadditions Affording Vinylidenecyclopropanes as Precursors of 7-Membered Carbocycles. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
14
|
Towards a general diastereoselective route to oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes via a gold-catalysed cascade reaction. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8617. [PMID: 26509323 PMCID: PMC4634332 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of an efficient diastereoselective synthesis of the oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring system bearing two oxygenated quaternary chiral centres represents a significant challenge. This motif can be found in a wide range of natural products with significant biological activities. Here we report the synthesis of such kind of scaffold using a cyclohexane-trans-1,4-diol with an alkyne side chain in the presence of Au(I) catalyst. This is a domino process in which two C–H, two C–O and one C–C bond is assembled through a sequence of cyclization/semi-pinacol rearrangements. This strategy has been successfully applied to the asymmetric formal total synthesis of (+)-cortistatins. Oxygenated bicyclic cores are common to many natural and bioactive compounds, but their efficient synthesis can be difficult. Here, the authors report a gold-catalysed diastereoselective process for the synthesis of oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes via a domino process.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kuang L, Liu LL, Chiu P. Formal Total Synthesis of (+)-Cortistatins A and J. Chemistry 2015; 21:14287-91. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
16
|
Alves LDC, Desiderá AL, de Oliveira KT, Newton S, Ley SV, Brocksom TJ. A practical deca-gram scale ring expansion of (R)-(−)-carvone to (R)-(+)-3-methyl-6-isopropenyl-cyclohept-3-enone-1. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7633-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00525f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A route to enantiopure (R)-(+)-3-methyl-6-isopropenyl-cyclohept-3-enone-1, an intermediate for terpenoids, has been developed and includes a highly chemo- and regioselective Tiffeneau–Demjanov reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro de C. Alves
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos
- São Carlos – SP
- Brazil
| | - André L. Desiderá
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos
- São Carlos – SP
- Brazil
| | | | - Sean Newton
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Timothy J. Brocksom
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos
- São Carlos – SP
- Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Song L, Yao H, Tong R. Biomimetic Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Spirooliganones A and B. Org Lett 2014; 16:3740-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501593m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Song
- Department
of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongliang Yao
- Department
of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongbiao Tong
- Department
of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jhuo DH, Hong BC, Chang CW, Lee GH. One-Pot Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael–Michael–Aldol–Henry Reaction Cascade. A Facile Entry to the Steroid System with Six Contiguous Stereogenic Centers. Org Lett 2014; 16:2724-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501011t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Huei Jhuo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chun-Wei Chang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation
Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
The Synthesis of Seven-Membered Rings in Natural Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63281-4.00014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
21
|
Kotoku N. Creation of Readily Accessible Analogue of Cortistatin A as an Antitumor Drug Lead. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2013; 133:867-72. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.13-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kotoku
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lu Y, Zou G, Zhao G. Asymmetric Intramolecular Oxa-Michael Reactions to Tetrahydrofurans/2H-Pyrans Catalyzed by Primary–Secondary Diamines. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs4002332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingpeng Lu
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai
200237, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic
Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345
Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Zou
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai
200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic
Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345
Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kotoku N, Sumii Y, Hayashi T, Tamura S, Kawachi T, Shiomura S, Arai M, Kobayashi M. Creation of readily accessible and orally active analogue of cortistatin a. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:673-7. [PMID: 24900528 DOI: 10.1021/ml300143d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Syntheses of structurally simplified analogues of cortistatin A (1), a novel antiangiogenic steroidal alkaloid from Indonesian marine sponge, and their biological activities were investigated. The analogues were designed by considering the 3-D structure of 1. Compound 30, in which the isoquinoline moiety was appended to the planar tetracyclic core structure, showed potent antiproliferative activity against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) together with high selectivity and also showed in vivo antiangiogenic activity and significant antitumor effect by oral administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kotoku
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Takeshi Hayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Satoru Tamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Takashi Kawachi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Sho Shiomura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Masayoshi Arai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Motomasa Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nicolaou KC, Hale CRH, Nilewski C, Ioannidou HA. Constructing molecular complexity and diversity: total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5185-238. [PMID: 22743704 PMCID: PMC3426871 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The advent of organic synthesis and the understanding of the molecule as they occurred in the nineteenth century and were refined in the twentieth century constitute two of the most profound scientific developments of all time. These discoveries set in motion a revolution that shaped the landscape of the molecular sciences and changed the world. Organic synthesis played a major role in this revolution through its ability to construct the molecules of the living world and others like them whose primary element is carbon. Although the early beginnings of organic synthesis came about serendipitously, organic chemists quickly recognized its potential and moved decisively to advance and exploit it in myriad ways for the benefit of mankind. Indeed, from the early days of the synthesis of urea and the construction of the first carbon-carbon bond, the art of organic synthesis improved to impressively high levels of sophistication. Through its practice, today chemists can synthesize organic molecules--natural and designed--of all types of structural motifs and for all intents and purposes. The endeavor of constructing natural products--the organic molecules of nature--is justly called both a creative art and an exact science. Often called simply total synthesis, the replication of nature's molecules in the laboratory reflects and symbolizes the state of the art of synthesis in general. In the last few decades a surge in total synthesis endeavors around the world led to a remarkable collection of achievements that covers a wide ranging landscape of molecular complexity and diversity. In this article, we present highlights of some of our contributions in the field of total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. For perspective, we also provide a listing of selected examples of additional natural products synthesized in other laboratories around the world over the last few years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mehta G, Khan TB. (1′ S,6′ S,8′ S,9′ R)-9′-Bromo-12′-oxaspiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,4′-tricyclo[6.3.1.0 1,6]dodecane]. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o2411-2. [PMID: 22904865 PMCID: PMC3414332 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812029777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In an endeavor directed towards the construction of the oxabicyclic[3.2.1]octane segment present in the bioactive natural products of cortistatins and icetexanes genre, the title compound, C13H19BrO3, was synthesized from (4aR,9aS)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,9,9a-octahydrospiro[benzo[7]annulene-2,2′-[1,3]dioxolane]-4a-ol via a transannular bromo-etherification protocol. The six-membered ring adopts a twist-boat conformation, while the fused cycloheptane ring adopts a chair conformation. The crystal packing is effected through two distinct intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen-bond patterns and molecules are arranged to define an interesting motif along the b axis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Kranz DP, Chiha S, Meier zu Greffen A, Neudörfl JM, Schmalz HG. Synthesis of B-Ring-Modified Steroids through BF3-Promoted Rearrangement/Substitution of 6β-Hydroxy-5,19-cyclosteroids. Org Lett 2012; 14:3692-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301532w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darius P. Kranz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Slim Chiha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | | | - Jörg-Martin Neudörfl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Hans-Günther Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2010. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
28
|
Greszler SN, Reichard HA, Micalizio GC. Asymmetric synthesis of dihydroindanes by convergent alkoxide-directed metallacycle-mediated bond formation. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:2766-74. [PMID: 22235773 DOI: 10.1021/ja2105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A convergent synthesis of highly substituted and stereodefined dihydroindanes is described from alkoxide-directed Ti-mediated cross-coupling of internal alkynes with substituted 4-hydroxy-1,6-enynes (substrates that derive from 2-directional functionalization of readily available epoxy alcohol derivatives). In addition to describing a new and highly stereoselective approach to bimolecular [2 + 2 + 2] annulation that delivers products not available with other methods in this area of chemical reactivity, evidence is provided to support annulation by way of regioselective alkyne-alkyne coupling, followed by metal-centered [4 + 2] rather than stepwise alkene insertion and reductive elimination. Overall, the reaction proceeds with exquisite stereochemical control and defines a convenient, convergent, and enantiospecific entry to fused carbocycles of great potential value in target-oriented synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen N Greszler
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Riveira MJ, Mischne MP. One-Pot Organocatalytic Tandem Aldol/Polycyclization Reactions between 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and α,β,γ,δ-Unsaturated Aldehydes for the Straightforward Assembly of Cyclopenta[b]furan-Type Derivatives: New Insight into the Knoevenagel Reaction. Chemistry 2012; 18:2382-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
30
|
Defaut B, Parsons TB, Spencer N, Male L, Kariuki BM, Grainger RS. Synthesis of the trans-hydrindane core of dictyoxetane. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4926-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25384d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- Carl F Nising
- Bayer Pharma AG, Aprather Weg 18a, D-42113 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dearomatizing anionic cyclization of N-methyl-N-benzyldi(1-naphthyl)phosphinamide: a route for access to a new class of functionalized tricyclic azaphospholes with antitumor properties. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
33
|
Gui J, Wang D, Tian W. Biomimetic Synthesis of 5,6-dihydro-glaucogenin C: Construction of the Disecopregnane Skeleton by Iron(II)-Promoted Fragmentation of an α-Alkoxy Hydroperoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
34
|
Gui J, Wang D, Tian W. Biomimetic Synthesis of 5,6-dihydro-glaucogenin C: Construction of the Disecopregnane Skeleton by Iron(II)-Promoted Fragmentation of an α-Alkoxy Hydroperoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7093-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
35
|
Kotoku N, Sumii Y, Kobayashi M. Stereoselective synthesis of core structure of cortistatin A. Org Lett 2011; 13:3514-7. [PMID: 21651309 DOI: 10.1021/ol201327u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective synthesis of the core structure of cortistatin A (1), a novel antiangiogenic steroidal alkaloid from Indonesian marine sponge, is described. An 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octene system, a characteristic B-ring structure of 1, was elaborated by a 7-endo selective intramolecular Heck cyclization and a subsequent acid-mediated oxy-Michael reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kotoku
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shi J, Manolikakes G, Yeh CH, Guerrero CA, Shenvi RA, Shigehisa H, Baran PS. Scalable synthesis of cortistatin A and related structures. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:8014-27. [PMID: 21539314 DOI: 10.1021/ja202103e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Full details are provided for an improved synthesis of cortistatin A and related structures as well as the underlying logic and evolution of strategy. The highly functionalized cortistatin A-ring embedded with a key heteroadamantane was synthesized by a simple and scalable five-step sequence. A chemoselective, tandem geminal dihalogenation of an unactivated methyl group, a reductive fragmentation/trapping/elimination of a bromocyclopropane, and a facile chemoselective etherification reaction afforded the cortistatin A core, dubbed "cortistatinone". A selective Δ(16)-alkene reduction with Raney Ni provided cortistatin A. With this scalable and practical route, copious quantities of cortistatinone, Δ(16)-cortistatin A (the equipotent direct precursor to cortistatin A), and its related analogues were prepared for further biological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kranz DP, Meier zu Greffen A, El Sheikh S, Neudörfl JM, Schmalz HG. Sn(OTf)2 as an Effective Lewis Acid in Reactions of Cyclopropyl Ketones with Acetic Anhydride: Application in the Synthesis of a 19-Nor-B-homo Steroid. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
38
|
Abstract
Terpenes and alkaloids are ever-growing classes of natural products that provide new molecular structures which inspire chemists and possess a broad range of biological activity. Terpenoid-alkaloids originate from the same prenyl units that construct terpene skeletons. However, during biosynthesis, a nitrogen atom (or atoms) is introduced in the form of β-aminoethanol, ethylamine, or methylamine. Nitrogen incorporation can occur either before, during, or after the cyclase phase. The outcome of this unique biosynthesis is the formation of natural products containing unprecedented structures. These complex structural motifs expose current limitations in organic chemistry, thus providing opportunities for invention. This review focuses on total syntheses of terpenoid-alkaloids and unique issues presented by this class of natural products. More specifically, it examines how these syntheses relate to the way terpenoid-alkaloids are made in Nature. Developments in chemistry that have facilitated these syntheses are emphasized, as well as chemical technology needed to conquer those that evade synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Cherney
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 phone: (+1) 858-784-7370 fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 phone: (+1) 858-784-7370 fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu LL, Chiu P. An expeditious asymmetric synthesis of the pentacyclic core of the cortistatins by an intramolecular (4+3) cycloaddition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:3416-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc00087j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Silva, Jr. LF, Olofsson B. Hypervalent iodine reagents in the total synthesis of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:1722-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c1np00028d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
41
|
Kotoku N, Kobayashi M, Sumii Y, Hayashi T. Synthetic Study of Carbocyclic Core of Cortistatin A, an Anti-Angiogenic Steroidal Alkaloid from Marine Sponge. HETEROCYCLES 2011. [DOI: 10.3987/com-11-12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
42
|
Yu F, Li G, Gao P, Gong H, Liu Y, Wu Y, Cheng B, Zhai H. Concise synthesis of the oxapentacyclic core of cortistatin A. Org Lett 2010; 12:5135-7. [PMID: 20925326 DOI: 10.1021/ol102058f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise synthetic approach for constructing the oxapentacyclic framework of cortistatin A is described. The synthesis features a furan-oxyallyl [4 + 3] cycloaddition and double-intramolecular aldol reactions. In addition, an interesting core structure was obtained in 11 steps from furan by using our method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangmiao Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances and the State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|