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Ang EWJ, Djordjevic I, Solic I, Goh CY, Steele TWJ. Tougher Bioadhesives through Dual Stimulation Strategies. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303666. [PMID: 38431774 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Carbene-based bioadhesives have favourable attributes for tissue adhesion, including non-specific bonding to wet and dry tissues, but suffer from relatively weak fracture strength after photocuring. Light irradiation of carbene-precursor (diazirine) also creates inert side products that are absent under thermal activation. Herein, a dual activation method combines light irradiation at elevated temperatures for the evaluation of diazirine depletion and effects on cohesive properties. A customized photo/thermal-rheometer evaluates viscoelastic properties, correlated to the kinetics of carbene:diazoalkane ratios via 19F NMR). The latter exploits the sensitive -CF3 functional group to determine joule-based light/temperature kinetics on trifluoroaryl diazirine consumption. The combination of heat and photoactivation produced bioadhesives that are 3× tougher compared to control. Dual thermal/light irradiation may be a strategy to improve viscoelastic dissipation and toughness of photo-activated adhesive resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwin W J Ang
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ivan Djordjevic
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ivan Solic
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chen Yee Goh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Terry W J Steele
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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2
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Tureček F. Covalent crosslinking in gas-phase biomolecular ions. An account and perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32292-32304. [PMID: 37990588 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04879a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical crosslinking in gas-phase ion complexes has been introduced as a method to study biomolecular structures and dynamics. Emphasis has been on carbene-based crosslinking induced by photodissociation of diazirine-tagged ions. The features that characterize gas-phase crosslinking include (1) complex formation in electrospray droplets that allows for library-type screening; (2) well defined stoichiometry of the complexes due to mass-selective isolation; (3) facile reaction monitoring and yield determination, and (4) post-crosslinking structure analysis by tandem mass spectrometry that has been combined with hydrogen-deuterium exchange, UV-vis action spectroscopy, and ion mobility measurements. In this account, examples are given of peptide-peptide, peptide-nucleotide, and peptide-ligand crosslinking that chiefly used carbene-based reactions. The pros and cons of gas-phase crosslinking are discussed. Nitrile-imine based crosslinking in gas-phase ions is introduced as a promising new approach to ion structure analysis that offers high efficiency and has the potential for wide ranging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, WA 98195-1700, USA.
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3
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Jayarani A, Deepa M, Khan HA, Koothradan FF, Yoganandhini S, Sreelakshmi V, Sivasankar C. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Chemo-Selective Carbene Insertion into C-H Bond of Styrene over Cyclopropanation: C-C Bond Formation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15817-15831. [PMID: 37934176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The C-C bond formation reactions are important in organic synthesis. Heck reaction is known to arylate the terminal carbon of olefins; however, direct alkylation of the terminal carbon of olefin is limited. Herein, we report a novel ruthenium-catalyzed selective cross-coupling reaction of styrene and α-diazoesters to form a new C-C bond over cyclopropanation via the C-H insertion process for the first time. Using this novel methodology, a wide variety of substrates have been utilized and a variety of α-vinylated benzylic esters and densely functionalized olefins have been synthesized with good stereoselectivity under mild reaction conditions. The overall reaction process proceeds through the carbene insertion into styrene to form the desired products in good to excellent yields with proper stereoselectivity. The selective C-H inserted product, wide substrate scope, and excellent functional group tolerance are the best features of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Jayarani
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Masilamani Deepa
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Government Arts College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
| | - Hilal Ahmad Khan
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Fathima Febin Koothradan
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Sekar Yoganandhini
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Government Arts College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
| | - Vinod Sreelakshmi
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Chinnappan Sivasankar
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, Puducherry 605014, India
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4
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Zhu H, Zima V, Ding ER, Tureček F. Carbene Cross-Linking in Gas-Phase Peptide Ion Scaffolds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:763-774. [PMID: 36881876 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds consisting of a peptide, a phthalate linker, and a 4,4-azipentyl group were synthesized and used to study intramolecular peptide-carbene cross-linking in gas-phase cations. Carbene intermediates were generated by UV-laser photodissociation at 355 nm of the diazirine ring in mass-selected ions, and the cross-linked products were detected and quantified by collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MSn, n = 3-5). Peptide scaffolds containing Ala and Leu residues with a C-terminal Gly gave 21-26% yields of cross-linked products, while the presence of the Pro and His residues decreased the yields. Experiments using hydrogen-deuterium-hydrogen exchange, carboxyl group blocking, and analysis of CID-MSn spectra of reference synthetic products revealed that a significant fraction of cross-links involved the Gly amide and carboxyl groups. Interpretation of the cross-linking results was aided by Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) and density functional theory calculations that allowed us to establish the protonation sites and conformations of the precursor ions. Analysis of long (100 ps) BOMD trajectories was used to count close contacts between the incipient carbene and peptide atoms, and the counting statistics was correlated with the results of gas-phase cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Václav Zima
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Emily R Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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5
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Ollevier T, Carreras V. Emerging Applications of Aryl Trifluoromethyl Diazoalkanes and Diazirines in Synthetic Transformations. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:83-98. [PMID: 36855460 PMCID: PMC9954246 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aryl trifluoromethyl diazoalkanes and diazirines have become unique as reactants in synthetic methodology. As privileged compounds containing CF3 groups and ease of synthetic access, aryl trifluoromethyl diazoalkanes and diazirines have been highlighted for their versatility in applications toward a wide range of synthetic transformations. This Perspective highlights the synthetic applications of these reactants as precursors of stabilized metal carbenes, i.e., donor-acceptor-substituted ones.
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Dherange BD, Kelly PQ, Liles JP, Sigman MS, Levin MD. Carbon Atom Insertion into Pyrroles and Indoles Promoted by Chlorodiazirines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11337-11344. [PMID: 34286965 PMCID: PMC8343525 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
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Herein, we report a reaction that
selectively generates 3-arylpyridine
and quinoline motifs by inserting aryl carbynyl cation equivalents
into pyrrole and indole cores, respectively. By employing α-chlorodiazirines
as thermal precursors to the corresponding chlorocarbenes, the traditional
haloform-based protocol central to the parent Ciamician-Dennstedt
rearrangement can be modified to directly afford 3-(hetero)arylpyridines
and quinolines. Chlorodiazirines are conveniently prepared in a single
step by oxidation of commercially available amidinium salts. Selectivity
as a function of pyrrole substitution pattern was examined, and a
predictive model based on steric effects is put forward, with DFT
calculations supporting a selectivity-determining cyclopropanation
step. Computations surprisingly indicate that the stereochemistry
of cyclopropanation is of little consequence to the subsequent electrocyclic
ring opening that forges the pyridine core, due to a compensatory
homoaromatic stabilization that counterbalances orbital-controlled
torquoselectivity effects. The utility of this skeletal transform
is further demonstrated through the preparation of quinolinophanes
and the skeletal editing of pharmaceutically relevant pyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balu D Dherange
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Patrick Q Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jordan P Liles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Mark D Levin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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7
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Tanbouza N, Carreras V, Ollevier T. Photochemical Cyclopropenation of Alkynes with Diazirines as Carbene Precursors in Continuous Flow. Org Lett 2021; 23:5420-5424. [PMID: 34228924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of 3-trifluoromethyl-3-aryl-cyclopropenes via the cyclopropenation reaction of alkynes with photolytically generated carbenes from diazirine compounds is described. This reaction is performed in continuous flow using readily available LEDs under mild reaction conditions. This new and efficient method describes the synthesis of 25 examples of 3-trifluoromethyl-3-aryl-cyclopropenes with yields up to 97%, achieved in continuous flow with a 5 min residence time. Control experiments highlighted that diazirines are more efficient than diazo compounds for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Tanbouza
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Virginie Carreras
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thierry Ollevier
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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8
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Ondrus AE, Zhang T. Structure, Bonding, and Photoaffinity Labeling Applications of Dialkyldiazirines. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1437-8202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDialkyldiazirine photoaffinity probes are unparalleled tools for the study of small molecule–protein interactions. Here we summarize the basic principles of structure, bonding, and photoreactivity of dialkyldiazirines, current methods for their synthesis, and their practical application in photoaffinity labeling experiments. We demonstrate the unique utility of dialkyldiazirine probes in the context of our recent photoaffinity crosslinking-mass spectrometry analysis to reveal a hidden cholesterol binding site in the Hedgehog morphogen proteins.1 Introduction2 Structure, Bonding, and Spectral Properties3 Photoreactivity4 Synthesis5 Application in Photoaffinity Labeling6 Discovery of a Cholesterol–Hedgehog Protein Interface7 Conclusions and Outlook
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9
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Sunlight activated film forming adhesive polymers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112240. [PMID: 34225880 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-sensitive biomaterials that are activated by light are in need of formulations that are stable under indoor lighting yet can be activated under direct sunlight. Carbene-based bioadhesives are a new generation of film-forming polymers that are stable under indoor lighting yet are rapidly activated with low-energy UVA light, but have never been evaluated under sunlight exposure. Previous investigations have evolved two flexible carbene-based platforms, where aryl-diazirine is grafted on to polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM-NH2; generation-5) or hydrophobic liquid polycaprolactone tetrol to yield G5-Dzx and CaproGlu, respectively. For the first time the activation of G5-Dzx and CaproGlu is investigated by natural sunlight with intensities up to 10 mW·cm-2. Structure-property relationships of bioadhesion are investigated by: (1) joules dose of sunlight; (2) bioadhesive polymer structure; and (3) optical concentrators of magnifying glass and Fresnel lens. Using only natural sunlight, adhesion strength could be tuned from 20 to 150 kPa with crosslinking achieved in under 1 min. The results show that carbene-based polymers are a class of stimuli-sensitive biomaterials that are stable to indoor lighting, yet can be rapidly activated under direct sunlight, which may be useful for topical film forming polymers or as active ingredients in sunscreen formulations.
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10
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Djordjevic I, Pokholenko O, Shah AH, Wicaksono G, Blancafort L, Hanna JV, Page SJ, Nanda HS, Ong CB, Chung SR, Chin AYH, McGrouther D, Choudhury MM, Li F, Teo JS, Lee LS, Steele TWJ. CaproGlu: Multifunctional tissue adhesive platform. Biomaterials 2020; 260:120215. [PMID: 32891870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Driven by the clinical need for a strong tissue adhesive with elastomeric material properties, a departure from legacy crosslinking chemistries was sought as a multipurpose platform for tissue mending. A fresh approach to bonding wet substrates has yielded a synthetic biomaterial that overcomes the drawbacks of free-radical and nature-inspired bioadhesives. A food-grade liquid polycaprolactone grafted with carbene precursors yields CaproGlu. The first-of-its-kind low-viscosity prepolymer is VOC-free and requires no photoinitiators. Grafted diazirine end-groups form carbene diradicals upon low energy UVA (365 nm) activation that immediately crosslink tissue surfaces; no pre-heating or animal-derived components are required. The hydrophobic polymeric environment enables metastable functional groups not possible in formulations requiring solvents or water. Activated diazirine within CaproGlu is uniquely capable of crosslinking all amino acids, even on wet tissue substrates. CaproGlu undergoes rapid liquid-to-biorubber transition within seconds of UVA exposure-features not found in any other bioadhesive. The exceptional shelf stability of CaproGlu allows gamma sterilization with no change in material properties. CaproGlu wet adhesiveness is challenged against current unmet clinical needs: anastomosis of spliced blood vessels, anesthetic muscle patches, and human platelet-mediating coatings. The versatility of CaproGlu enables both organic and inorganic composites for future bioadhesive platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Djordjevic
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Oleksandr Pokholenko
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Ankur Harish Shah
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Gautama Wicaksono
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Lluis Blancafort
- Departamento de Química and Instituto de Química Computacional i Catálisis. Facultad de Ciències, Universidad de Girona, C/M.A. Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Spain.
| | - John V Hanna
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd., Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Samuel J Page
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd., Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Himansu Sekhar Nanda
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM)-Jabalpur, Dumna Airport Road, Jabalpur, 482005, MP, India.
| | - Chee Bing Ong
- Histopathology/Advanced Molecular Pathology Lab, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 61 Biopolis Drive, Level 6 Proteos Building, 138673, Singapore.
| | - Sze Ryn Chung
- Singapore General Hospital, Department of Hand Surgery, 169608, Singapore.
| | | | - Duncan McGrouther
- Singapore General Hospital, Department of Hand Surgery, 169608, Singapore.
| | | | - Fang Li
- Singapore General Hospital, Department of Hand Surgery, 169608, Singapore.
| | - Jonathan Shunming Teo
- Singapore General Hospital, Department of Hand Surgery, 169608, Singapore; Sengkang General Hospital, Department of Urology, 544886, Singapore.
| | - Lui Shiong Lee
- Singapore General Hospital, Department of Hand Surgery, 169608, Singapore; Sengkang General Hospital, Department of Urology, 544886, Singapore.
| | - Terry W J Steele
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
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11
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Djordjevic I, Wicaksono G, Solic I, Steele TW. Diazoalkane decay kinetics from UVA-active protein labelling molecules: Trifluoromethyl phenyl diazirines. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2020.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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12
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Procacci B, Roy SS, Norcott P, Turner N, Duckett SB. Unlocking a Diazirine Long-Lived Nuclear Singlet State via Photochemistry: NMR Detection and Lifetime of an Unstabilized Diazo-Compound. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:16855-16864. [PMID: 30407809 PMCID: PMC6300312 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Diazirines
are important for photoaffinity labeling, and their
photoisomerization is relatively well-known. This work shows how hyperpolarized
NMR spectroscopy can be used to characterize an unstable diazo-compound
formed via photoisomerization of a 15N2-labeled
silyl-ether-substituted diazirine. This diazirine is prepared in a
nuclear spin singlet state via catalytic transfer of spin order from para-hydrogen. The active hyperpolarization catalyst is
characterized to provide insight into the mechanism. The photochemical
isomerization of the diazirine into the diazo-analogue allows the
NMR invisible nuclear singlet state of the parent compound to be probed.
The identity of the diazo-species is confirmed by trapping with N-phenyl maleimide via a cycloaddition reaction to afford
bicyclic pyrazolines that also show singlet state character. The presence
of singlet states in the diazirine and the diazo-compound is validated
by comparison of experimental nutation behavior with theoretical simulation.
The magnetic state lifetime of the diazo-compound is determined as
12 ± 1 s in CD3OD solution at room temperature, whereas
its chemical lifetime is measured as 100 ± 5 s by related hyperpolarized
NMR studies. Indirect evidence for the generation of the photoproduct para-N2 is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Procacci
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, York Science Park , University of York , York YO10 5NY , United Kingdom
| | - Soumya S Roy
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, York Science Park , University of York , York YO10 5NY , United Kingdom
| | - Philip Norcott
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, York Science Park , University of York , York YO10 5NY , United Kingdom
| | - Norman Turner
- Accelerator Research Group, University of Huddersfield , Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH , United Kingdom
| | - Simon B Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, York Science Park , University of York , York YO10 5NY , United Kingdom
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Rodina LL, Azarova XV, Medvedev JJ, Semenok DV, Nikolaev VA. Novel photochemical reactions of carbocyclic diazodiketones without elimination of nitrogen - a suitable way to N-hydrazonation of C-H-bonds. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2250-2258. [PMID: 30202479 PMCID: PMC6122312 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensitized photoexcitation of 2-diazocyclopentane-1,3-diones in the presence of THF leads to the insertion of the terminal N-atom of the diazo group into the α-С-Н bond of THF, producing the associated N-alkylhydrazones in yields of up to 63-71%. Further irradiation of hydrazones derived from furan-fused tricyclic diazocyclopentanediones culminates in the cycloelimination of furans to yield 2-N-(alkyl)hydrazone of cyclopentene-1,2,3-trione. By contrast, the direct photolysis of carbocyclic diazodiketones gives only Wolff rearrangement products with up to 90-97% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila L Rodina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, St-Petersburg State University, 26 University pr., 198504, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Xenia V Azarova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, St-Petersburg State University, 26 University pr., 198504, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jury J Medvedev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, St-Petersburg State University, 26 University pr., 198504, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitrij V Semenok
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143026, Moscow, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 3 Nobel st., Russia
| | - Valerij A Nikolaev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, St-Petersburg State University, 26 University pr., 198504, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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14
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Synthesis of an electronically-tuned minimally interfering alkynyl photo-affinity label to measure small molecule–protein interactions. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Hossain ML, Wang J. Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Diazo Compounds with Terminal Alkynes: An Efficient Access to Allenes. CHEM REC 2018; 18:1548-1559. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of ChemistryPeking University Beijing 100871 China
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16
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Rodina LL, Baranovskii VI, Galkina OS, Nikolaev VA, Tonogina NL, Povolotskiy AV. Light-Induced Reactions of Diazotetrahydrofuranone without Elimination of Nitrogen: Experimental and Mechanistic Study. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11399-11405. [PMID: 29020449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The energies and lifetimes of the excited states (S1, S2, S5, T1) of a diazotetrahydrofuranone were determined using experimental and computational methods. It was shown that direction of the diazoketone photochemical transformations without elimination of nitrogen is determined by multiplicity and energy of the excited state, generated by UV irradiation of diazo compound: isomerization to α-ketodiazirine proceeds from the singlet S1 state, whereas the alternative process of C-H insertion with hydrazone formation occurs through the triplet T1 state. The most probable excited state that leads to elimination of nitrogen and Wolff rearrangement is one of the highest singlet excited states of diazotetrahydrofuranone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila L Rodina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University , Universitetskii prospect 26, St. Petersburg, Petergof 198504, Russia
| | - Victor I Baranovskii
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University , Universitetskii prospect 26, St. Petersburg, Petergof 198504, Russia
| | - Olesia S Galkina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University , Universitetskii prospect 26, St. Petersburg, Petergof 198504, Russia
| | - Valerij A Nikolaev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University , Universitetskii prospect 26, St. Petersburg, Petergof 198504, Russia
| | - Nina L Tonogina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University , Universitetskii prospect 26, St. Petersburg, Petergof 198504, Russia
| | - Alexey V Povolotskiy
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University , Universitetskii prospect 26, St. Petersburg, Petergof 198504, Russia
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Zapata LA, López S, Ruiz P, Quijano J, Notario R. Halodiazirines and halodiazo compounds: a computational study of their thermochemistry and isomerization reaction. Struct Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-016-0824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Raimer B, Wartmann T, Jones PG, Lindel T. Synthesis, Stability, and Photoreactivity of Diazirinyl-SubstitutedN-Heterocycles Based on Indole, Benzimidazole, and Imidazole. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Marek A, Tureček F. Collision-induced dissociation of diazirine-labeled peptide ions. Evidence for Brønsted-acid assisted elimination of nitrogen. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:778-789. [PMID: 24549894 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase dissociations were investigated for several peptide ions containing the Gly-Leu* N-terminal motif where Leu* was a modified norleucine residue containing the photolabile diazirine ring. Collisional activation of gas-phase peptide cations resulted in facile N₂ elimination that competed with backbone dissociations. A free lysine ammonium group can act as a Brønsted acid to facilitate N₂ elimination. This dissociation was accompanied by insertion of a lysine proton in the side chain of the photoleucine residue, as established by deuterium labeling and gas-phase sequencing of the products. Electron structure calculations were used to provide structures and energies of reactants, intermediates, and transition states for Gly-Leu*-Gly-Gly-Lys amide ions that were combined with RRKM calculations of unimolecular rate constants. The calculations indicated that Brønsted acid-catalyzed eliminations were kinetically preferred over direct loss of N₂ from the diazirine ring. Mechanisms are proposed to explain the proton-initiated reactions and discuss the reaction products. The non-catalyzed diazirine ring cleavage and N₂ loss is proposed as a thermometer dissociation for peptide ion dissociations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Marek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
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Haberkant P, Holthuis JCM. Fat & fabulous: bifunctional lipids in the spotlight. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1022-30. [PMID: 24440797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding biological processes at the mechanistic level requires a systematic charting of the physical and functional links between all cellular components. While protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid networks have been subject to many global surveys, other critical cellular components such as membrane lipids have rarely been studied in large-scale interaction screens. Here, we review the development of photoactivatable and clickable lipid analogues-so-called bifunctional lipids-as novel chemical tools that enable a global profiling of lipid-protein interactions in biological membranes. Recent studies indicate that bifunctional lipids hold great promise in systematic efforts to dissect the elaborate crosstalk between proteins and lipids in live cells and organisms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Haberkant
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Joost C M Holthuis
- Molecular Cell Biology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 13, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
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Marek A, Pepin R, Peng B, Laszlo KJ, Bush MF, Tureček F. Electron transfer dissociation of photolabeled peptides. Backbone cleavages compete with diazirine ring rearrangements. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:1641-1653. [PMID: 23633016 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase conformations and electron transfer dissociations of pentapeptide ions containing the photo-Leu residue (L*) were studied. Exhaustive conformational search including molecular dynamics force-field, semi-empirical, ab initio, and density functional theory calculations established that the photo-Leu residue did not alter the gas-phase conformations of (GL*GGK + 2H)(2+) and (GL*GGK-NH2 + H)(+) ions, which showed the same conformer energy ranking as the unmodified Leu-containing ions. This finding is significant in that it simplifies conformational analysis of photo-labeled peptide ions. Electron transfer dissociation mass spectra of (GL*GGK + 2H)(2+), (GL*GGK-NH2 + 2H)(2+),(GL*GGKK + 2H)(2+), (GL*GLK + 2H)(2+), and (GL*LGK + 2H)(2+) showed 16 %-21 % fragment ions originating by radical rearrangements and cleavages in the diazirine ring. These side-chain dissociations resulted in eliminations of N2H3, N2H4, [N2H5], and [NH4O] neutral fragments and were particularly abundant in long-lived charge-reduced cation-radicals. Deuterium labeling established that the neutral hydrazine molecules mainly contained two exchangeable and two nonexchangeable hydrogen atoms from the peptide and underwent further H/D exchange in an ion-molecule complex. Electron structure calculations on the charge-reduced ions indicated that the unpaired electron was delocalized between the diazirine and amide π* electronic systems in the low electronic states of the cation-radicals. The diazirine moiety in GL*GGK-NH2was calculated to have an intrinsic electron affinity of 1.5 eV, which was further increased by the Coulomb effect of the peptide positive charge. Mechanisms are proposed for the unusual elimination of hydrazine from the photo-labeled peptide ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Marek
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University , Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
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Raimer B, Lindel T. Photoactivation of (p-methoxyphenyl)(trifluoromethyl)diazirine in the presence of phenolic reaction partners. Chemistry 2013; 19:6551-5. [PMID: 23553983 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Shine light on your chemistry! Irradiating 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-diazirine in the presence of equimolar solutions of phenol and tyrosine derivatives leads to Friedel-Crafts alkylations (see scheme), which suggests a strategy for the development of "cleaner" diazirines for chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Raimer
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Decomposition of an oxodiazirine: free versus incarcerated within the cavities of two α-cyclodextrins. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhao X, Zhang Y, Wang J. Recent developments in copper-catalyzed reactions of diazo compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10162-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34406h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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