1
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Wang X, Kinziabulatova L, Bortoli M, Manickoth A, Barilla MA, Huang H, Blancafort L, Kohler B, Lumb JP. Indole-5,6-quinones display hallmark properties of eumelanin. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01175-4. [PMID: 37037912 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Melanins are ubiquitous biopolymers produced from phenols and catechols by oxidation. They provide photoprotection, pigmentation and redox activity to most life forms, and inspire synthetic materials with desirable optical, electronic and mechanical properties. The chemical structures of melanins remain elusive, however, creating uncertainty about their roles, and preventing the design of synthetic mimics with tailored properties. Indole-5,6-quinone (IQ) has been implicated as a biosynthetic intermediate and structural subunit of mammalian eumelanin pigments, but its instability has prevented its isolation and unambiguous characterization. Here we use steric shielding to stabilize IQ and show that 'blocked' derivatives exhibit eumelanin's characteristic ultrafast nonradiative decay and its ability to absorb light from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared. These new compounds are also redox-active and a source of paramagnetism, emulating eumelanin's unique electronic properties, which include persistent radicals. Blocked IQs are atomistically precise and tailorable molecules that can offer a bottom-up understanding of emergent properties in eumelanin and have the potential to advance the rational design of melanin-inspired materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lilia Kinziabulatova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marco Bortoli
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Anju Manickoth
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Marisa A Barilla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lluís Blancafort
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Bern Kohler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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2
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Ito S, Napolitano A, Sarna T, Wakamatsu K. Iron and copper ions accelerate and modify dopamine oxidation to eumelanin: implications for neuromelanin genesis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:29-42. [PMID: 36527527 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a precursor of neuromelanin (NM) synthesized in the substantia nigra of the brain. NM is known to contain considerable levels of Fe and Cu. However, how Fe and Cu ions affect DA oxidation to DA-eumelanin (DA-EM) and modify its structure is poorly understood. EMs were prepared from 500 µM DA, dopaminechrome (DAC), or 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI). Autoxidation was carried out in the absence or presence of 50 µM Fe(II) or Cu(II) at pH 7.4 and 37 ℃. EMs were characterized by Soluene-350 solubilization analyzing absorbances at 500 nm (A500) and 650 nm (A650) and alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation (AHPO) yielding various pyrrole carboxylic acids. Pyrrole-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid (PTeCA) served as a molecular marker of cross-linked DHI units. Importantly, Fe and Cu accelerated DA oxidation to DA-EM and DHI oxidation to DHI-EM several-fold, whereas these metals only weakly affected the production of DAC-EM. The A500 values indicated that DA-EM contains considerable portions of uncyclized DA units. Analysis of the A650/A500 ratios suggests that Fe and Cu caused some degradation of DHI units of DA-EM during 72-h incubation. Results with AHPO were consistent with the A500 values and additionally revealed that (1) DA-EM is less cross-linked than DAC-EM and DHI-EM and (2) Fe and Cu promote cross-linking of DHI units. In conclusion, Fe and Cu not only accelerate the oxidation of DA to DA-EM but also promote cross-linking and degradation of DHI units. These results help to understand how Fe and Cu in the brain affect the production and properties of NM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
| | | | - Tadeusz Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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3
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Kopeć K, Ryżko A, Major R, Plutecka H, Wiȩcek J, Pikus G, Trzciński JW, Kalinowska A, Ciach T. Polymerization of l-Tyrosine, l-Phenylalanine, and 2-Phenylethylamine as a Versatile Method of Surface Modification for Implantable Medical Devices. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39234-39249. [PMID: 36340063 PMCID: PMC9631876 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface properties are crucial for medical device and implant research and applications. We present novel polycatecholamine coatings obtained by oxidative polymerization of l-tyrosine, l-phenylalanine, and 2-phenylethylamine based on mussel glue-inspired chemistry. We optimized the reaction parameters and examined the properties of coatings compared to the ones obtained from polydopamine. We produced polycatecholamine coatings on various materials used to manufacture implantable medical devices, such as polyurethane, but also hard-to-coat polydimethylsiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene, and stainless steel. The coating process results in significant hydrophilization of the material's surface, reducing the water contact angle by about 50 to 80% for polytetrafluoroethylene and polyurethane, respectively. We showed that the thickness, roughness, and stability of the polycatecholamine coatings depend on the chemical structure of the oxidized phenylamine. In vitro experiments showed prominent hemocompatibility of our coatings and significant improvement of the adhesion and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The full confluence on the surface of coated polytetrafluoroethylene was achieved after 5 days of cell culture for all tested polycatecholamines, and it was maintained after 14 days. Hence, the use of polycatecholamine coatings can be a simple and versatile method of surface modification of medical devices intended for contact with blood or used in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kopeć
- Faculty
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, Warsaw 00-645, Poland
| | - Agata Ryżko
- Faculty
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, Warsaw 00-645, Poland
- Department
of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University
of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw 02-089, Poland
| | - Roman Major
- Institute
of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish
Academy of Sciences, Reymonta 25, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - Hanna Plutecka
- Department
of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical
College, Skawińska 8, Cracow 31-066, Poland
| | - Justyna Wiȩcek
- Institute
of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish
Academy of Sciences, Reymonta 25, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Pikus
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Cl, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jakub W. Trzciński
- Faculty
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, Warsaw 00-645, Poland
- Centre
for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, Warsaw 02-822, Poland
| | - Adrianna Kalinowska
- Faculty
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, Warsaw 00-645, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ciach
- Faculty
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, Warsaw 00-645, Poland
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4
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Adhikari S, Essandoh MA, Starr WC, Sah P, La Force CN, Eleshy RG, Lutter EI, Nelson TL. Eumelanin-Inspired Antimicrobial with Biocidal Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:545-551. [PMID: 35113537 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reliance on antibiotics and antimicrobials to treat bacterial infectious diseases is threatened by the emergence of antibiotic resistance and multi-drug-resistant organisms, thus having the potential to greatly impact human health. Thus, the discovery and development of antimicrobials capable of acting on antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major area of significance in scientific research. Herein, we present the development of a eumelanin-inspired antimicrobial capable of killing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). By ligating quaternary ammonium-functionalized "arms" to a eumelanin-inspired indole with intrinsic antimicrobial activity, an antimicrobial agent with enhanced activity was prepared. This resulting antimicrobial, EIPE-1, had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 μg/mL (17.1 μM) against a clinical isolate of MRSA obtained from an adult cystic fibrosis patient. The biocidal activity occurred within 30 min of exposure and resulted in changes to the bacterial cell surface as visualized with a scanning electron microscope. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that EIPE-1 is effective at killing MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Martha A Essandoh
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - William C Starr
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Prakash Sah
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Colleen N La Force
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Rawan G Eleshy
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Erika I Lutter
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Toby L Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
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5
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Kholodar SA, Lang G, Cortopassi WA, Iizuka Y, Brah HS, Jacobson MP, England PM. Analogs of the Dopamine Metabolite 5,6-Dihydroxyindole Bind Directly to and Activate the Nuclear Receptor Nurr1. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1159-1163. [PMID: 34165961 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor-related 1 protein, Nurr1, is a transcription factor critical for the development and maintenance of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, a cell population that progressively loses the ability to make dopamine and degenerates in Parkinson's disease. Recently, we demonstrated that Nurr1 binds directly to and is regulated by the endogenous dopamine metabolite 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI). Unfortunately, DHI is an unstable compound, and thus a poor tool for studying Nurr1 function. Here, we report that 5-chloroindole, an unreactive analog of DHI, binds directly to the Nurr1 ligand binding domain with micromolar affinity and stimulates the activity of Nurr1, including the transcription of genes governing the synthesis and packaging of dopamine.
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6
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Bühlmeyer A, Ehni P, Ullmann D, Frey W, Baro A, Laschat S. Synthesis and Liquid Crystalline Self‐Assembly of Concave Diindoles with a Hydropentalene Core. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bühlmeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Philipp Ehni
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Dustin Ullmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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7
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Jarenmark M, Sjövall P, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Lindgren J. Chemical Evaluation of Eumelanin Maturation by ToF-SIMS and Alkaline Peroxide Oxidation HPLC Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010161. [PMID: 33375233 PMCID: PMC7796430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Residual melanins have been detected in multimillion-year-old animal body fossils; however, confident identification and characterization of these natural pigments remain challenging due to loss of chemical signatures during diagenesis. Here, we simulate this post-burial process through artificial maturation experiments using three synthetic and one natural eumelanin exposed to mild (100 °C/100 bar) and harsh (250 °C/200 bar) environmental conditions, followed by chemical analysis employing alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation (AHPO) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Our results show that AHPO is sensitive to changes in the melanin molecular structure already during mild heat and pressure treatment (resulting, e.g., in increased C-C cross-linking), whereas harsh maturation leads to extensive loss of eumelanin-specific chemical markers. In contrast, negative-ion ToF-SIMS spectra are considerably less affected by mild maturation conditions, and eumelanin-specific features remain even after harsh treatment. Detailed analysis of ToF-SIMS spectra acquired prior to experimental treatment revealed significant differences between the investigated eumelanins. However, systematic spectral changes upon maturation reduced these dissimilarities, indicating that intense heat and pressure treatment leads to the formation of a common, partially degraded, eumelanin molecular structure. Our findings elucidate the complementary nature of AHPO and ToF-SIMS during chemical characterization of eumelanin traces in fossilized organismal remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jarenmark
- Department of Geology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (P.S.)
| | - Peter Sjövall
- The Materials and Production Division, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 501 15 Borås, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (P.S.)
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (S.I.); (K.W.)
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (S.I.); (K.W.)
| | - Johan Lindgren
- Department of Geology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden;
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8
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Nonenzymatic Spontaneous Oxidative Transformation of 5,6-Dihydroxyindole. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197321. [PMID: 33023030 PMCID: PMC7583787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin is an important phenolic skin pigment found throughout the animal kingdom. Tyrosine and its hydroxylated product dopa provide the starting material for melanin biosynthesis in all animals. Through a set of well-established reactions, they are converted to 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and DHI-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). Oxidative polymerization of these two indoles produces the brown to black eumelanin pigment. The steps associated with these transformations are complicated by the extreme instability of the starting materials and the transient and highly reactive nature of the intermediates. We have used mass spectral studies to explore the nonenzymatic mechanism of oxidative transformation of DHI in water. Our results indicate the facile production of not only dimeric and trimeric products but also higher oligomeric forms of DHI upon exposure to air in solution, even under nonenzymatic conditions. Such instantaneous polymerization of DHI avoids toxicity to self-matter and ensures the much-needed deposition of melanin at (a) the wound site and (b) the infection site in arthropods. The rapid deposition of DHI melanin is advantageous for arthropods given their open circulatory system; the process limits blood loss during wounding and prevents the spread of parasites by encapsulating them in melanin, limiting the damage.
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9
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d'Ischia M, Napolitano A, Pezzella A, Meredith P, Buehler M. Melanin Biopolymers: Tailoring Chemical Complexity for Materials Design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Paul Meredith
- Department of Physics Swansea University Vivian Building, Singleton Campus SA2 8PP Swansea UK
| | - Markus Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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10
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Melanin Biopolymers: Tailoring Chemical Complexity for Materials Design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11196-11205. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Molnár
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Szeged Dóm tér 8 Szeged 6720 Hungary
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12
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Wakamatsu K, Nakao K, Tanaka H, Kitahori Y, Tanaka Y, Ojika M, Ito S. The Oxidative Pathway to Dopamine-Protein Conjugates and Their Pro-Oxidant Activities: Implications for the Neurodegeneration of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102575. [PMID: 31130632 PMCID: PMC6567298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromelanin (NM) is a dark brown pigment found in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (SN) and in norepinephrinergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC). Although NM is thought to be involved in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) because its content decreases in neurodegenerative diseases such as PD, details are still unknown. In this study, we characterized the biosynthetic pathway of the oxidation of dopamine (DA) by tyrosinase in the presence of thiol peptides and proteins using spectroscopic and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods and we assessed the binding of DA via cysteine residues in proteins by oxidation catalyzed by redox-active metal ions. To examine whether the protein-bound DA conjugates exhibit pro-oxidant activities, we measured the depletion of glutathione (GSH) with the concomitant production of hydrogen peroxide. The results suggest that the fate of protein-bound DA conjugates depends on the structural features of the proteins and that DA-protein conjugates produced in the brain possess pro-oxidant activities, which may cause neurodegeneration due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the depletion of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Kenta Nakao
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kitahori
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Yui Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Makoto Ojika
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
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13
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Lyu Q, Hsueh N, Chai CLL. The Chemistry of Bioinspired Catechol(amine)-Based Coatings. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2708-2724. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Lyu
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Nathanael Hsueh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Christina L. L. Chai
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
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14
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Bruning JM, Wang Y, Oltrabella F, Tian B, Kholodar SA, Liu H, Bhattacharya P, Guo S, Holton JM, Fletterick RJ, Jacobson MP, England PM. Covalent Modification and Regulation of the Nuclear Receptor Nurr1 by a Dopamine Metabolite. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:674-685.e6. [PMID: 30853418 PMCID: PMC7185887 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nurr1, a nuclear receptor essential for the development, maintenance, and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, is a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease, a neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of these same neurons. Efforts to identify Nurr1 agonists have been hampered by the recognition that it lacks several classic regulatory elements of nuclear receptor function, including the canonical ligand-binding pocket. Here we report that the dopamine metabolite 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) binds directly to and modulates the activity of Nurr1. Using biophysical assays and X-ray crystallography, we show that DHI binds to the ligand-binding domain within a non-canonical pocket, forming a covalent adduct with Cys566. In cultured cells and zebrafish, DHI stimulates Nurr1 activity, including the transcription of target genes underlying dopamine homeostasis. These findings suggest avenues for developing synthetic Nurr1 ligands to ameliorate the symptoms and progression of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Bruning
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Francesca Oltrabella
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Boxue Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Svetlana A Kholodar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Harrison Liu
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Paulomi Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Su Guo
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - James M Holton
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Robert J Fletterick
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Matthew P Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Pamela M England
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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15
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Salomäki M, Ouvinen T, Marttila L, Kivelä H, Leiro J, Mäkilä E, Lukkari J. Polydopamine Nanoparticles Prepared Using Redox-Active Transition Metals. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2513-2524. [PMID: 30813731 PMCID: PMC6727379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Autoxidation of dopamine to polydopamine by dissolved oxygen is a slow process that requires highly alkaline conditions. Polydopamine can be formed rapidly also in mildly acidic and neutral solutions by using redox-active transition-metal ions. We present a comparative study of polydopamine nanoparticles formed by autoxidation and aerobic or anaerobic oxidation in the presence of Ce(IV), Fe(III), Cu(II), and Mn(VII). The UV-vis spectra of the purified nanoparticles are similar, and dopaminechrome is an early intermediate species. At low pH, Cu(II) requires the presence of oxygen and chloride ions to produce polydopamine at a reasonable rate. The changes in dispersibility and surface charge take place at around pH 4, which indicates the presence of ionizable groups, especially carboxylic acids, on their surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows the presence of three different classes of carbons, and the carbonyl/carboxylate carbons amount to 5-15 atom %. The N 1s spectra show the presence of protonated free amino groups, suggesting that these groups may interact with the π-electrons of the intact aromatic dihydroxyindole moieties, especially in the metal-induced samples. The autoxidized and Mn(VII)-induced samples do not contain metals, but the metal content is 1-2 atom % in samples prepared with Ce(IV) or Cu(II), and ca. 20 atom % in polydopamine prepared in the presence of Fe(III). These differences in the metal content can be explained by the oxidation and complexation properties of the metals using the general model developed. In addition, the nitrogen content is lower in the metal-induced samples. All of the metal oxidants studied can be used to rapidly prepare polydopamine at room temperature, but the possible influence of the metal content and nitrogen loss should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Salomäki
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomo Ouvinen
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Marttila
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Henri Kivelä
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jarkko Leiro
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Lukkari
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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16
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De Marchi F, Galeotti G, Simenas M, Ji P, Chi L, Tornau EE, Pezzella A, MacLeod J, Ebrahimi M, Rosei F. Self-assembly of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid: polymorphism of a eumelanin building block on Au(111). NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5422-5428. [PMID: 30855042 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09810g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Investigating two-dimensional (2D) self-assembled structures of biological monomers governed by intermolecular interactions is a prerequisite to understand the self-assembly of more complex biomolecular systems. 5,6-Dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid (DHICA) is one of the building blocks of eumelanin - an irregular heteropolymer and the most common form of melanin which has potential applications in organic electronics and bioelectronics. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory and Monte Carlo calculations, we investigate DHICA molecular configurations and interactions underlying the multiple 2D patterns formed on Au(111). While DHICA self-assembled molecular networks (SAMNs) are dominated by the hydrogen bonding of carboxylic acid dimers, a variety of 2D architectures are formed due to the multiple weak interactions of the catechol group. The hydroxyl group also allows for redox reactions, caused by oxidation via O2 exposure, resulting in molecular rearrangement. The susceptibility of the molecules to oxidation is affected by their SAMNs architectures, giving insights on the reactivity of indoles as well as highlighting non-covalent assembly as an approach to guide selective oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F De Marchi
- Centre Energie, Materiaux et Telecommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, Canada J3X 1S2.
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17
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Caputo G, Bonadies I, Migliaccio L, Caso MF, Pezzella A. Eumelanin Coating of Silica Aerogel by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Deposition of a 5,6-Dihydroxyindole Thin Film. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1494. [PMID: 30134602 PMCID: PMC6165250 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Eumelanin integration in silica aerogel (SA) was achieved via supercritical adsorption of 5,6-dyhydroxyindole (DHI) from CO₂. Notably, after the supercritical treatment, DHI evolved towards spontaneous polymerization, which resulted in uniform pigment development over the SA. The new material was characterized for its morphological and physicochemical properties, disclosing the formation of a eumelanin-like coating, as confirmed by UV⁻vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caputo
- Dipartimento Dell'Innovazione Industriale e Digitale-Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Meccanica e Informatica, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Irene Bonadies
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy.
| | - Ludovico Migliaccio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Federica Caso
- Nanofaber Spin-Off at Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Casaccia Research Centre, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy.
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
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18
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Panzella L, Ebato A, Napolitano A, Koike K. The Late Stages of Melanogenesis: Exploring the Chemical Facets and the Application Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1753. [PMID: 29899264 PMCID: PMC6032422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the late stages of melanin biosynthesis involving the oxidative polymerization of 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) have been extensively investigated. Most of the information derived from a biomimetic approach in which the oxidation of melanogenic indoles was carried out under conditions mimicking those occurring in the biological environment. Characterization of the early oligomers allowed for drawing a structural picture of DHI and DHICA melanins, providing also an interpretative basis for the different properties exhibited by these pigments, e.g., the chromophore and the antioxidant ability. The improved knowledge has opened new perspectives toward the exploitation of the unique chemistry of melanins and its precursors in cosmetic and health care applications. A noticeable example is the development of an innovative hair dyeing system that is based on the marked ease of DHI to give rise to black melanin on air oxidation under slightly alkaline conditions. The advantage of this method for a step-wise coverage of gray hair with a natural shade pigmentation on repeated treatment with a DHI-based formulation with respect to traditional dyes is presented. A variant of DHICA melanin combining solubility in water-miscible organic solvents, an intense chromophore in the UltraViolet-A UV-A region, and a marked antioxidant potency was evaluated as an ingredient for cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Atsuko Ebato
- Hair Care Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan.
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Kenzo Koike
- Hair Care Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan.
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19
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20
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Iacomino M, Mancebo-Aracil J, Guardingo M, Martín R, D'Errico G, Perfetti M, Manini P, Crescenzi O, Busqué F, Napolitano A, d'Ischia M, Sedó J, Ruiz-Molina D. Replacing Nitrogen by Sulfur: From Structurally Disordered Eumelanins to Regioregular Thiomelanin Polymers. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2169. [PMID: 29039817 PMCID: PMC5666850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative polymerization of 5,6-dihydroxybenzothiophene (DHBT), the sulfur analog of the key eumelanin building block 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI), was investigated to probe the role of nitrogen in eumelanin build-up and properties. Unlike DHI, which gives a typical black insoluble eumelanin polymer on oxidation, DHBT is converted to a grayish amorphous solid (referred to as thiomelanin) with visible absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance properties different from those of DHI melanin. Mass spectrometry experiments revealed gradational mixtures of oligomers up to the decamer level. Quite unexpectedly, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of the early oligomer fractions indicated linear, 4-, and 7-linked structures in marked contrast with DHI, which gives highly complex mixtures of partially degraded oligomers. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the tendency of DHBT to couple via the 4- and 7-positions. These results uncover the role of nitrogen as a major determinant of the structural diversity generated by the polymerization of DHI, and point to replacement by sulfur as a viable entry to regioregular eumelanin-type materials for potential applications for surface functionalization by dip coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Iacomino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Juan Mancebo-Aracil
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Mireia Guardingo
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Department de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Raquel Martín
- Department de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Perfetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Paola Manini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Orlando Crescenzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Félix Busqué
- Department de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Josep Sedó
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Daniel Ruiz-Molina
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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21
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Huang Y, Li Y, Hu Z, Yue X, Proetto MT, Jones Y, Gianneschi NC. Mimicking Melanosomes: Polydopamine Nanoparticles as Artificial Microparasols. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:564-569. [PMID: 28691067 PMCID: PMC5492417 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A primary role of melanin in skin is the prevention of UV-induced nuclear DNA damage to human skin cells, where it serves to screen out harmful UV radiation. Melanin is delivered to keratinocytes in the skin after being excreted as melanosomes from melanocytes. Defects in melanin production in humans can cause diseases, many of which currently lack effective treatments due to their genetic origins (e.g., skin cancer, vitiligo, and albinism). The widespread prevalence of melanin-related diseases and an increasing interest in the performance of various polymeric materials related to melanin necessitates novel synthetic routes for preparing melanin-like materials. In this work, we prepared melanin-like nanoparticles (MelNPs) via spontaneous oxidation of dopamine, as biocompatible, synthetic analogues of naturally occurring melanosomes, and investigated their uptake, transport, distribution, and UV-protective capabilities in human keratinocytes. Critically, we demonstrate that MelNPs are endocytosed, undergo perinuclear aggregation, and form a supranuclear cap, or so-called microparasol in human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa), mimicking the behavior of natural melananosomes in terms of cellular distribution and the fact that they serve to protect the cells from UV damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Huang
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yiwen Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ziying Hu
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Xiujun Yue
- Department
of Nanoengineering, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Maria T. Proetto
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ying Jones
- Electron
Microscopy Core Facility, University of
California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- E-mail:
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22
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Miller DJ, Dreyer DR, Bielawski CW, Paul DR, Freeman BD. Surface Modification of Water Purification Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4662-4711. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Miller
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road, 30-210C Berkeley CA 94702 USA
| | - Daniel R. Dreyer
- Nalco Champion 3200 Southwest Freeway, Ste. 2700 Houston TX 77027 USA
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Donald R. Paul
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
| | - Benny D. Freeman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
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23
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Miller DJ, Dreyer DR, Bielawski CW, Paul DR, Freeman BD. Oberflächenmodifizierung von Wasseraufbereitungsmembranen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Miller
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas, Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road, 30-210C Berkeley CA 94702 USA
| | - Daniel R. Dreyer
- Nalco Champion 3200 Southwest Freeway, Ste. 2700 Houston TX 77027 USA
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republik Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republik Korea
| | - Donald R. Paul
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas, Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
| | - Benny D. Freeman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas, Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
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24
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Shahkaramipour N, Tran TN, Ramanan S, Lin H. Membranes with Surface-Enhanced Antifouling Properties for Water Purification. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:E13. [PMID: 28273869 PMCID: PMC5371974 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Membrane technology has emerged as an attractive approach for water purification, while mitigation of fouling is key to lower membrane operating costs. This article reviews various materials with antifouling properties that can be coated or grafted onto the membrane surface to improve the antifouling properties of the membranes and thus, retain high water permeance. These materials can be separated into three categories, hydrophilic materials, such as poly(ethylene glycol), polydopamine and zwitterions, hydrophobic materials, such as fluoropolymers, and amphiphilic materials. The states of water in these materials and the mechanisms for the antifouling properties are discussed. The corresponding approaches to coat or graft these materials on the membrane surface are reviewed, and the materials with promising performance are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Shahkaramipour
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Thien N Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Sankara Ramanan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Haiqing Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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25
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Nogueira JJ, Corani A, El Nahhas A, Pezzella A, d'Ischia M, González L, Sundström V. Sequential Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mediates Excited-State Deactivation of a Eumelanin Building Block. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:1004-1008. [PMID: 28195487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b03012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Skin photoprotection is commonly believed to rely on the photochemistry of 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI)- and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA)-based eumelanin building blocks. Attempts to elucidate the underlying excited-state relaxation mechanisms have been partly unsuccessful due to the marked instability to oxidation. We report a study of the excited-state deactivation of DHI using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence accompanied by high-level quantum-chemistry calculations including solvent effects. Spectroscopic data show that deactivation of the lowest excited state of DHI in aqueous buffer proceeds on the 100 ps time scale and is 20 times faster than in methanol. Quantum-chemical calculations reveal that the excited-state decay mechanism is a sequential proton-coupled electron transfer, which involves the initial formation of a solvated electron from DHI, followed by the transfer of a proton to the solvent. This unexpected finding would prompt a revision of current notions about eumelanin photophysics and photobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Nogueira
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währinger Str. 17, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Alice Corani
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University , Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Amal El Nahhas
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University , Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemistry and Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemistry and Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währinger Str. 17, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University , Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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26
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Baker LA, Greenough SE, Stavros VG. A Perspective on the Ultrafast Photochemistry of Solution-Phase Sunscreen Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4655-4665. [PMID: 27791379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sunscreens are one of the most common ways of providing on-demand additional photoprotection to the skin. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy has recently proven to be an invaluable tool in understanding how the components of commercial sunscreen products display efficient photoprotection. Important examples of how this technique has unravelled the photodynamics of common components are given in this Perspective, and some of the remaining unanswered questions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E Greenough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Vasilios G Stavros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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27
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Sugumaran M. Reactivities of Quinone Methides versus o-Quinones in Catecholamine Metabolism and Eumelanin Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091576. [PMID: 27657049 PMCID: PMC5037842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin is an important biopolymeric pigment produced in a vast majority of organisms. Tyrosine and its hydroxylated product, dopa, form the starting material for melanin biosynthesis. Earlier studies by Raper and Mason resulted in the identification of dopachrome and dihydroxyindoles as important intermediates and paved way for the establishment of well-known Raper-Mason pathway for the biogenesis of brown to black eumelanins. Tyrosinase catalyzes the oxidation of tyrosine as well as dopa to dopaquinone. Dopaquinone thus formed, undergoes intramolecular cyclization to form leucochrome, which is further oxidized to dopachrome. Dopachrome is either converted into 5,6-dihydroxyindole by decarboxylative aromatization or isomerized into 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid. Oxidative polymerization of these two dihydroxyindoles eventually produces eumelanin pigments via melanochrome. While the role of quinones in the biosynthetic pathway is very well acknowledged, that of isomeric quinone methides, however, remained marginalized. This review article summarizes the key role of quinone methides during the oxidative transformation of a vast array of catecholamine derivatives and brings out the importance of these transient reactive species during the melanogenic process. In addition, possible reactions of quinone methides at various stages of melanogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Sugumaran
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
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28
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Huang S, Liang N, Hu Y, Zhou X, Abidi N. Polydopamine-Assisted Surface Modification for Bone Biosubstitutes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2389895. [PMID: 27595097 PMCID: PMC4993928 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2389895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polydopamine (PDA) prepared in the form of a layer of polymerized dopamine (DA) in a weak alkaline solution has been used as a versatile biomimetic surface modifier as well as a broadly used immobilizing macromolecule. This review mainly discusses the progress of biomaterial surface modification inspired by the participation of PDA in bone tissue engineering. A comparison between PDA-assisted coating techniques and traditional surface modification applied to bone tissue engineering is first presented. Secondly, the chemical composition and the underlying formation mechanism of PDA coating layer as a unique surface modifier are interpreted and discussed. Furthermore, several typical examples are provided to evidence the importance of PDA-assisted coating techniques in the construction of bone biosubstitutes and the improvement of material biocompatibility. Nowadays, the application of PDA as a superior surface modifier in multifunctional biomaterials is drawing tremendous interests in bone tissue scaffolds to promote the osteointegration for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Nuanyi Liang
- Centre for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Centre for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Centre for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Noureddine Abidi
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Mrówczyński
- NanoBioMedical Centre; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznan Poland
| | - Roksana Markiewicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznan Poland
| | - Jürgen Liebscher
- National Institute of Research and Development for Isotopic and Molecular Technologies; Donat 67-103 RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca Romania
- Department of Chemistry; Humboldt-University Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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30
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Jin Z, Fan H. The modulation of melanin-like materials: methods, characterization and applications. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Jin
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Fan
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
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31
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d'Ischia M, Wakamatsu K, Cicoira F, Di Mauro E, Garcia-Borron JC, Commo S, Galván I, Ghanem G, Kenzo K, Meredith P, Pezzella A, Santato C, Sarna T, Simon JD, Zecca L, Zucca FA, Napolitano A, Ito S. Melanins and melanogenesis: from pigment cells to human health and technological applications. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2016; 28:520-44. [PMID: 26176788 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, melanins and melanogenesis have attracted growing interest for a broad range of biomedical and technological applications. The burst of polydopamine-based multifunctional coatings in materials science is just one example, and the list may be expanded to include melanin thin films for organic electronics and bioelectronics, drug delivery systems, functional nanoparticles and biointerfaces, sunscreens, environmental remediation devices. Despite considerable advances, applied research on melanins and melanogenesis is still far from being mature. A closer intersectoral interaction between research centers is essential to raise the interests and increase the awareness of the biomedical, biomaterials science and hi-tech sectors of the manifold opportunities offered by pigment cells and related metabolic pathways. Starting from a survey of biological roles and functions, the present review aims at providing an interdisciplinary perspective of melanin pigments and related pathway with a view to showing how it is possible to translate current knowledge about physical and chemical properties and control mechanisms into new bioinspired solutions for biomedical, dermocosmetic, and technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fabio Cicoira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eduardo Di Mauro
- Department of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Stephane Commo
- L'Oréal Recherche & Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Ismael Galván
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ghanem Ghanem
- LOCE, Institut J. Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Koike Kenzo
- Development Research - Hair Care Products, KAO Corporation, Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paul Meredith
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Clara Santato
- Department of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tadeusz Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - John D Simon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies - National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio A Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies - National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Shosuke Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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32
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"Fifty Shades" of Black and Red or How Carboxyl Groups Fine Tune Eumelanin and Pheomelanin Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050746. [PMID: 27196900 PMCID: PMC4881568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the chemistry of melanins have begun to disclose a number of important structure-property-function relationships of crucial relevance to the biological role of human pigments, including skin (photo) protection and UV-susceptibility. Even slight variations in the monomer composition of black eumelanins and red pheomelanins have been shown to determine significant differences in light absorption, antioxidant, paramagnetic and redox behavior, particle morphology, surface properties, metal chelation and resistance to photo-oxidative wear-and-tear. These variations are primarily governed by the extent of decarboxylation at critical branching points of the eumelanin and pheomelanin pathways, namely the rearrangement of dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA), and the rearrangement of 5-S-cysteinyldopa o-quinoneimine to 1,4-benzothiazine (BTZ) and its 3-carboxylic acid (BTZCA). In eumelanins, the DHICA-to-DHI ratio markedly affects the overall antioxidant and paramagnetic properties of the resulting pigments. In particular, a higher content in DHICA decreases visible light absorption and paramagnetic response relative to DHI-based melanins, but markedly enhances antioxidant properties. In pheomelanins, likewise, BTZCA-related units, prevalently formed in the presence of zinc ions, appear to confer pronounced visible and ultraviolet A (UVA) absorption features, accounting for light-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, whereas non-carboxylated benzothiazine intermediates seem to be more effective in inducing ROS production by redox cycling mechanisms in the dark. The possible biological and functional significance of carboxyl retention in the eumelanin and pheomelanin pathways is discussed.
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Tuna D, Udvarhelyi A, Sobolewski AL, Domcke W, Domratcheva T. Onset of the Electronic Absorption Spectra of Isolated and π-Stacked Oligomers of 5,6-Dihydroxyindole: An Ab Initio Study of the Building Blocks of Eumelanin. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3493-502. [PMID: 27005558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Eumelanin is a naturally occurring skin pigment which is responsible for developing a suntan. The complex structure of eumelanin consists of π-stacked oligomers of various indole derivatives, such as the monomeric building block 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI). In this work, we present an ab initio wave-function study of the absorption behavior of DHI oligomers and of doubly and triply π-stacked species of these oligomers. We have simulated the onset of the electronic absorption spectra by employing the MP2 and the linear-response CC2 methods. Our results demonstrate the effect of an increasing degree of oligomerization of DHI and of an increasing degree of π-stacking of DHI oligomers on the onset of the absorption spectra and on the degree of red-shift toward the visible region of the spectrum. We find that π-stacking of DHI and its oligomers substantially red-shifts the onset of the absorption spectra. Our results also suggest that the optical properties of biological eumelanin cannot be simulated by considering the DHI building blocks alone, but instead the building blocks indole-semiquinone and indole-quinone have to be considered as well. This study contributes to advancing the understanding of the complex photophysics of the eumelanin biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tuna
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Anikó Udvarhelyi
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung , 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Tatiana Domratcheva
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung , 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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34
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Fan KW, Peterson MB, Ellersdorfer P, Granville AM. Expanding the aqueous-based redox-facilitated self-polymerization chemistry of catecholamines to 5,6-dihydroxy-1H-benzimidazole and its 2-substituted derivatives. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25590b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-facilitated self-polymerization can be performed with 5,6-dihydroxy-1H-benzimidazole to generate materials analogous to polydopamine, proving the possibility to expand the catecholamine-based chemistry to N-heterocyclic catechol derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wai Fan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | | | - Peter Ellersdorfer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
| | - Anthony M. Granville
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Kensington
- Australia
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35
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Zheng W, Fan H, Wang L, Jin Z. Oxidative Self-Polymerization of Dopamine in an Acidic Environment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11671-11677. [PMID: 26442969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A weak alkaline condition (pH > 8) is a general requirement for oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine. Here, we first demonstrated the generation of polydopamine in an acidic environment via a hydrothermal method. The pH scope of self-polymerization of dopamine is extended to pH ∼ 1 in a hydrothermal process. Polydopamine generated via a hydrothermal method shows similar chemical features and radical scavenging activity with that generated in a basic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxia Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
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36
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Physicochemical perspective on "polydopamine" and "poly(catecholamine)" films for their applications in biomaterial coatings. Biointerphases 2015; 9:030801. [PMID: 25280841 DOI: 10.1116/1.4875115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinspired poly(catecholamine) based coatings, mostly "polydopamine," were conceived based on the chemistry used by mussels to adhere strongly to the surface of stones and wood in water and to remain attached to their substrates even under conditions of strong shear stresses. These kinds of films can in turn be easily modified with a plethora of molecules and inorganic (nano)materials. This review shows that poly(catecholamine) based coatings are an ideal film forming method for applications in the field of biomaterials. It is written from a physicochemical and a materials science perspective and discusses optical, chemical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties of polydopamine films. It further demonstrates that a better understanding of the polydopamine film deposition mechanism is warranted to improve the properties of these coatings even further.
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37
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Manini P, Criscuolo V, Ricciotti L, Pezzella A, Barra M, Cassinese A, Crescenzi O, Maglione MG, Tassini P, Minarini C, Barone V, d'Ischia M. Melanin-Inspired Organic Electronics: Electroluminescence in Asymmetric Triazatruxenes. Chempluschem 2015; 80:919-927. [PMID: 31973255 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201402444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative polymerization of 5,6-dihydroxyindoles and related hydroxyindoles at pH<3 is diverted from the usual eumelanin-forming pathway to produce mixtures of symmetric and asymmetric triazatruxenes (TATs), which could be separated and characterized for their opto-electronic properties with the aid of TD-DFT calculations. Data showed that the asymmetric isomers exhibit higher fluorescence quantum efficiencies, lower HOMO-LUMO gaps, better film homogeneity, and a more definite aggregation behavior than the symmetric counterparts, suggesting promising applications in organic electronics. The enhanced luminance exhibited by the OLED devices fabricated with blends of the synthesized TATs in poly-9-vinylcarbazole confirmed the potential of the asymmetric skeleton as new versatile platform for light-emitting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Manini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (Italy), Fax: (+39) 081674393
| | - Valeria Criscuolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (Italy), Fax: (+39) 081674393.,Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Devices, ENEA C.R. Portici, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Naples (Italy)
| | - Laura Ricciotti
- Department of Technology, University Parthenope of Naples, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples (Italy)
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (Italy), Fax: (+39) 081674393
| | - Mario Barra
- CNR-SPIN and Dept. of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples (Italy)
| | - Antonio Cassinese
- CNR-SPIN and Dept. of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples (Italy)
| | - Orlando Crescenzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (Italy), Fax: (+39) 081674393
| | - Maria Grazia Maglione
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Devices, ENEA C.R. Portici, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Naples (Italy)
| | - Paolo Tassini
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Devices, ENEA C.R. Portici, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Naples (Italy)
| | - Carla Minarini
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Devices, ENEA C.R. Portici, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Naples (Italy)
| | - Vincenzo Barone
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa (Italy)
| | - Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (Italy), Fax: (+39) 081674393
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38
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Park HJ, Yang K, Kim MJ, Jang J, Lee M, Kim DW, Lee H, Cho SW. Bio-inspired oligovitronectin-grafted surface for enhanced self-renewal and long-term maintenance of human pluripotent stem cells under feeder-free conditions. Biomaterials 2015; 50:127-39. [PMID: 25736503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Current protocols for human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) expansion require feeder cells or matrices from animal sources that have been the major obstacle to obtain clinical grade hPSCs due to safety issues, difficulty in quality control, and high expense. Thus, feeder-free, chemically defined synthetic platforms have been developed, but are mostly confined to typical polystyrene culture plates. Here, we report a chemically defined, material-independent, bio-inspired surface coating allowing for feeder-free expansion and maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency of hPSCs on various polymer substrates and devices. Polydopamine (pDA)-mediated immobilization of vitronectin (VN) peptides results in surface functionalization of VN-dimer/pDA conjugates. The engineered surfaces facilitate adhesion, proliferation, and colony formation of hPSCs via enhanced focal adhesion, cell-cell interaction, and biophysical signals, providing a chemically defined, xeno-free culture system for clonal expansion and long-term maintenance of hPSCs. This surface engineering enables the application of clinically-relevant hPSCs to a variety of biomedical systems such as tissue-engineering scaffolds and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Jung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiho Jang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
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39
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Fan KW, Roberts JJ, Martens PJ, Stenzel MH, Granville AM. Copolymerization of an indazole ligand into the self-polymerization of dopamine for enhanced binding with metal ions. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7457-7465. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01150g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and mussel-inspired polymerization of a new catechol monomer. The generated copolymer exhibits enhanced metal binding, due to the ligand nature of the new monomer, compared to polydopamine homopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wai Fan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW
- Australia
| | | | | | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- UNSW
- Australia
| | - Anthony M. Granville
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW
- Australia
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40
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Okuda H, Yoshino K, Wakamatsu K, Ito S, Sota T. Degree of polymerization of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-derived eumelanin from chemical degradation study. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2014; 27:664-7. [PMID: 24750564 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Eumelanin is a brown-black pigment comprising 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and its 2-carboxy derivative (DHICA), but the detailed structure of eumelanin is unclear. Chemical degradation is a powerful tool for analyzing melanin. H2 O2 oxidation degradation of eumelanin affords pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA) and pyrrole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (PDCA). The ratio of PDCA to PTCA provides information about the eumelanin structure. In this article, we propose simple equations on the basis of previous experimental results on dimer yields for evaluating the yields of PTCA and PDCA from any DHI oligomers. Assuming the chemical disorder model of DHI-melanin, we solve an equation where a theoretical expression for the ratio of PDCA to PTCA is set to the corresponding experimental value to obtain a plausible Poisson distribution of DHI oligomers. The results demonstrate that the main contributors to DHI-melanin are tetramers and pentamers as shown by the mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Okuda
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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41
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Dreyer DR, Miller DJ, Freeman BD, Paul DR, Bielawski CW. Perspectives on poly(dopamine). Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51501j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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42
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Corani A, Huijser A, Iadonisi A, Pezzella A, Sundström V, d’Ischia M. Bottom-Up Approach to Eumelanin Photoprotection: Emission Dynamics in Parallel Sets of Water-Soluble 5,6-Dihydroxyindole-Based Model Systems. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13151-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306436f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Corani
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Iadonisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via
Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via
Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marco d’Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via
Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
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43
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Adinolfi M, d'Ischia M, Iadonisi A, Leone L, Pezzella A, Valerio S. Glycosylated Eumelanin Building Blocks by Thioglycosylation of 5,6-Diacetoxyindole with an Expedient Selenium-Based Dynamic-Mixture Methodology. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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44
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Mula G, Manca L, Setzu S, Pezzella A. Photovoltaic properties of PSi impregnated with eumelanin. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2012; 7:377. [PMID: 22776626 PMCID: PMC3420258 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A bulk heterojunction of porous silicon and eumelanin, where the columnar pores of porous silicon are filled with eumelanin, is proposed as a new organic-inorganic hybrid material for photovoltaic applications. The addition of eumelanin, whose absorption in the near infrared region is significantly higher than porous silicon, should greatly enhance the light absorption capabilities of the empty porous silicon matrix, which are very low in the low energy side of the visible spectral range (from about 600 nm downwards). The experimental results show that indeed the photocarrier collection efficiency at longer wavelengths in eumelanin-impregnated samples is clearly higher with respect to empty porous silicon matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Mula
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.7, Monserrato (Ca), 09042, Italy
| | - Laura Manca
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.7, Monserrato (Ca), 09042, Italy
| | - Susanna Setzu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.P. 8 km 0.7, Monserrato (Ca), 09042, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, Napoli, 4-80126, Italy
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