1
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Aggarwal S, Awasthi SK. Emerging trends in the development and applications of triazine-based covalent organic polymers: a comprehensive review. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38916403 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01127a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Owing to unique structural features, triazine-based covalent organic polymers (COPs) have attracted significant attention and emerged as novel catalysts or support materials for an array of applications. Typically formed by reacting triazine-based monomers or the in situ creation of triazine rings from nitrile monomers, these COPs possess 2D/3D meso/microporous structures held together via strong covalent linkages. The quest for efficient, stable and recyclable catalytic systems globally necessitates the need for a well-structured and comprehensive review summarizing the synthetic methodologies and applications of triazine-based COPs. This review explores the various synthetic routes and applications of these COPs in photocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, adsorption and sensing. By exploring the latest advancements and future directions, this review offers valuable insights into the synthesis and applications of triazine-based COPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Aggarwal
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Satish Kumar Awasthi
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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2
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Fang L, Ai R, Wang W, Tan L, Li C, Wang D, Jiang R, Qiu F, Qi L, Yang J, Zhou W, Zhu T, Tan W, Jiang Y, Fang X. Hyperbranched Polymer Dots with Strong Absorption and High Fluorescence Quantum Yield for In Vivo NIR-II Imaging. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8734-8742. [PMID: 37669506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of NIR-II-emitting nanoparticles, D-A-D fluorophores are typically linked to intramolecular rotatable units to reduce aggregation-induced quenching. However, incorporating such units often leads to a twisted molecular backbone, which affects the coupling within the D-A-D unit and, as a result, lowers the absorption. Here, we overcome this limitation by cross-linking the NIR-II fluorophores to form a 2D polymer network, which simultaneously achieves a high QY by well-controlled fluorophore separation and strong absorption by restricting intramolecular distortion. Using the strategy, we developed polymer dots with the highest NIR-II single-particle brightness among reported D-A-D-based nanoparticles and applied them for imaging of hindlimb vasculatures and tumors as well as fluorescence-guided tumor resection. The high brightness of the polymer dots offered exceptional image quality and excellent surgical results, showing a promising performance for these applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Fang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ai
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tan
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chanyuan Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dachi Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruibin Jiang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Fensheng Qiu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqing Qi
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Jiang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Fang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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3
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Sun R, Tan B. Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs): Synthesis, Crystallization, and Photocatalytic Water Splitting. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203077. [PMID: 36504463 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs) have received great attention from academia owing to their unique structure characteristics such as nitrogen-rich structure, chemical stability, fully conjugated skeleton and high surface area; all these unique properties make CTFs attractive for widespread applications, especially for photocatalytic applications. In this review, we aim to provide recent advances in the CTFs preparation, and mainly focus on their photocatalytic applications. This review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the CTFs' synthetic methods, crystallinity lifting strategies, and their applications for photocatalytic water splitting. Firstly, a brief background including the photocatalytic water splitting and crystallinity are provided. Then, synthetic methods related to CTFs and the strategies for enhancing the crystallinity are summarized and compared. After that, the general photocatalytic mechanism and the strategies to improve the photocatalytic performance of CTFs are discussed. Finally, the perspectives and challenges of fabricating high crystalline CTFs and designing CTFs with excellent photocatalytic performance are discussed, inspiring the development of CTF materials in photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
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4
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Khanal HD, Perumal M, Lee YR. Annulation strategies for diverse heterocycles via the reductive transformation of 2-nitrostyrenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7675-7693. [PMID: 35971908 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01149b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of the stable nitro group is a fundamental and widely used transformation for the construction of complex and functionalized heterocyclic architectures. The unfolding of the reactivity of the nitro group in the 2-nitrostyrene moiety not only triggers the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds, but also offers the opportunity for annulation and heteroannulation, thereby providing a cascade process for the synthesis of highly conjugated natural and unnatural molecules. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the use of 2-nitrostyrene motifs in the synthesis of various N-heterocycles. We offer readers an overview of the synthetic achievements achieved to date, highlighting their important features, reactivities, and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Datta Khanal
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muthuraja Perumal
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Wu Q, Xu G, Li W, Wan J, Liu T, Huang C. Cu(I)-Catalyzed and Base-Promoted [5 + 2 + 1] Cascade Cyclization of 2-Nitrochalcones with Aliphatic Primary Amines to 5 H-Pyrimido[5,4- b]indole Frameworks. Org Lett 2022; 24:3950-3954. [PMID: 35639963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented [5 + 2 + 1] cascade cyclization to the preparation of 5H-pyrimido[5,4-b]indole derivatives has been disclosed. The novel protocol of 2-nitrochalcones reacted with aliphatic primary amines catalyzed by CuI and promoted by Cs2CO3, which underwent a critical intermediate 2,3-disubstituted indole, providing structurally diverse 5H-pyrimido[5,4-b]indoles in generally high yields (77-90%) and broad substrate scopes (34 examples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Genrui Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Teng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, P. R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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6
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Sun R, Wang X, Wang X, Tan B. Three-Dimensional Crystalline Covalent Triazine Frameworks via a Polycondensation Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117668. [PMID: 35038216 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The growth of crystalline covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) is still considered as a great challenge due to the less reversible covalent bonds of triazine linkages. The research studies of crystalline CTFs to date have been limited to two-dimensional (2D) structures, and the three-dimensional (3D) crystalline CTFs have never been reported before. Herein we report the design and synthesis of two 3D crystalline CTFs, termed 3D CTF-TPM and 3D CTF-TPA through a reversible/irreversible polycondensation approach. The targeted 3D CTFs adopt ctn topology, and show moderate crystallinity, relatively large surface area (ca. 2000 m2 g-1 ), and high CO2 uptake capacity (23.61 wt.%). Moreover, these 3D CTFs exhibit ultrastability in the presence of boiling water, strong acid (1 M HCl) and strong base (1 M NaOH). This contribution represents the first report of 3D crystalline CTFs, which not only extends their structural diversity but also offers a synthetic strategy and structural basis for expanding practical applications of CTF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
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7
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Sun R, Wang X, Wang X, Tan B. Three‐Dimensional Crystalline Covalent Triazine Frameworks via a Polycondensation Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Sun
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Bien Tan
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemisry & Chemical Engineering 1037 Luoyu Road 430074 Wuhan CHINA
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8
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Debnath P. Synthesis of highly substituted pyrimidine fused uracils by PhI(OAc)2/TEMPO-catalyzed oxidative insertion of alcohols into N-uracil amidines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.2024854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Maharaja Bir Bikram College, Agartala, India
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9
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Zhang FG, Chen Z, Tang X, Ma JA. Triazines: Syntheses and Inverse Electron-demand Diels-Alder Reactions. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14555-14593. [PMID: 34586777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Triazines are an important class of six-membered aromatic heterocycles possessing three nitrogen atoms, resulting in three types of regio-isomers: 1,2,4-triazines (a-triazines), 1,2,3-triazines (v-triazines), and 1,3,5-triazines (s-triazines). Notably, the application of triazines as cyclic aza-dienes in inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition reactions has been established as a unique and powerful method in N-heterocycle synthesis, natural product preparation, and bioorthogonal chemistry. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the advances in the construction of these triazines via annulation and ring-expansion reactions, especially emphasizing recent developments and challenges. The synthetic transformations of triazines are focused on IEDDA cycloaddition reactions, which have allowed access to a wide scope of heterocycles, including pyridines, carbolines, azepines, pyridazines, pyrazines, and pyrimidines. The utilization of triazine IEDDA reactions as key steps in natural product synthesis is also discussed. More importantly, a particular attention is paid on the bioorthogonal application of triazines in fast click ligation with various strained alkenes and alkynes, which opens a new opportunity for studying biomolecules in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
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10
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Singh M, Jamra R, Mehra S, Rattan S, Singh V. Potassium
Tert
‐Butoxide‐Promoted Synthesis of Fluorescent β‐Carboline Tethered 1,3,5‐Triazines and Assessment of Their Luminescent Properties. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab 144011 India
| | - Rahul Jamra
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab 144011 India
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Punjab Bathinda Punjab 151401 India
| | - Saloni Mehra
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences Amity University Noida 201313 India
| | - Sunita Rattan
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences Amity University Noida 201313 India
| | - Virender Singh
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab 144011 India
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Punjab Bathinda Punjab 151401 India
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11
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Debnath P, Sahu G, De UC. Synthesis of functionalized pyrimidouracils by ruthenium‐catalyzed oxidative insertion of (hetero)aryl methanols into
N
‐uracil amidines. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Debnath
- Department of Chemistry Maharaja Bir Bikram College Agartala India
| | - Gouranga Sahu
- Department of Chemistry Ramkrishna Mahavidyalaya Unakoti India
| | - Utpal C. De
- Department of Chemistry Tripura University Agartala India
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12
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Kushwaha N, Sharma CS. The Chemistry of Triazine Isomers: Structures, Reactions, Synthesis and Applications. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:2104-2122. [PMID: 32727324 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200729160720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Triazine is the six-membered heterocyclic ring containing three nitrogens, which replace the carbon-hydrogen unit in the benzene ring. Based on nitrogen position present in the ring system, it is categorized in three isomeric forms, i.e., 1, 2, 3-triazine (vicinal triazine), 1, 2, 4-triazine (asymmetrical triazine or isotriazine) and 1, 3, 5-triazine (symmetrical or s-triazine or cyanidine). Triazines have a weakly basic property. Their isomers have much weaker resonance energy than benzene structure, so nucleophilic substitution reactions are more preferred than electrophilic substitution reactions. Triazine isomers and their derivatives are known to play important roles possessing various activities in medicinal and agricultural fields such as anti-cancer, antiviral, fungicidal, insecticidal, bactericidal, herbicidal, antimalarial and antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelottama Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BN College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, BN University, Udaipur, Rajasthan-313001, India
| | - C S Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BN College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, BN University, Udaipur, Rajasthan-313001, India
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13
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Xiao J, Ren S, Liu Q. Atom-efficient synthesis of 2,4,6-trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazines via Fe-catalyzed cyclization of aldehydes with NH 4I as the sole nitrogen source. RSC Adv 2020; 10:22230-22233. [PMID: 35516622 PMCID: PMC9054497 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03323e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An atom-efficient, straightforward method for the synthesis of 2,4,6-triaryl-1,3,5-triazines via iron-catalyzed cyclization of aldehydes with NH4I as the sole nitrogen source is demonstrated. This strategy works smoothly under air atmosphere, and affords symmetrical 2,4,6-trisubstituted and unsymmetrical 1,3,5-triazines with yields from 18% to 72%. Compared to other methods, the present protocol provides a straightforward and atom-efficient approach to 2,4,6-trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazines using an inexpensive, easily available ammonium salt as the sole nitrogen source. Research into the preliminary mechanism indicates that N-benzylidenebenzimidamides are involved in this cyclization reaction. An atom-efficient, straightforward method for the synthesis of 2,4,6-triaryl-1,3,5-triazines via iron-catalyzed cyclization of aldehydes with NH4I as the sole nitrogen source is demonstrated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
| | - Shuang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
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14
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Zhang J, Zheng T, Zhang J. I2
/K2
S2
O8
Mediated Direct Oxidative Annulation of Alkylazaarenes with Amidines for the Synthesis of Substituted 1,3,5-Triazines. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule; College of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; 710127 Xi'an Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule; College of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; 710127 Xi'an Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Jidong Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Ankang University; 725000 Ankang Shaanxi P. R. China
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15
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Abstract
This review describes the non-exhaustive scenery of the synthesis of various
biologically interesting pyrimidine annulated five-membered heterocyclic ring systems
that have been appeared in the literature during the last two decades. During this period,
different synthetic routes and various methodologies have been developed for the functionalization
of pyrimidine ring towards the construction of five-membered heterocyclic
rings. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the assorted methodologies that
have been reported about the chemistry of construction of pyrimidines annulated nitrogen,
oxygen and sulphur containing five-membered heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Kumar Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhan Chandra College, Asansol, Paschim Bardhaman, 713304, Rishra, West Bangal, India
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16
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Gu R, Han S. An alternatively metal-free synthesis of 1,3,5-triazines or 1,2,4-thiadiazoles from benzyl chlorides and benzylamines mediated by elemental sulfur. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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17
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Guo W, Zhao M, Du C, Zheng L, Li L, Chen L, Tao K, Tan W, Xie Z, Cai L, Fan X, Zhang K. Visible-Light-Catalyzed [3 + 1 + 2] Coupling Annulations for the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Trisubstituted Amino-1,3,5-triazines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15508-15519. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Chengtang Du
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lvyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Luo Li
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Kailiang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Liuhuan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiaolin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China
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18
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Guo W, Zhao M, Tan W, Zheng L, Tao K, Fan X. Developments towards synthesis of N-heterocycles from amidines via C–N/C–C bond formation. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the synthesis of N-heterocycles using amidines as starting materials, with an emphasis on the mechanisms of these reactions via C–N/C–C bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- China
| | - Wen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- China
| | - Lvyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- China
| | - Kailiang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- China
| | - Xiaolin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- China
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19
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Pardeshi SD, Sathe PA, Pawar BV, Vadagaonkar KS, Chaskar AC. Transition Metal-Free sp3
C-H Functionalization of Arylacetic Acids for the Synthesis of 1,3,5-Triazines. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin D. Pardeshi
- National Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; University of Mumbai; 400098 Mumbai India
| | - Pratima A. Sathe
- National Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; University of Mumbai; 400098 Mumbai India
| | - Balu V. Pawar
- Arts, Commerce and Science College; Jawhar Dist.: Palghar India
| | - Kamlesh S. Vadagaonkar
- Department of Dyestuff Technology; Institute of Chemical Technology; 400019 Mumbai India
| | - Atul C. Chaskar
- National Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; University of Mumbai; 400098 Mumbai India
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20
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Yan Y, Li Z, Cui C, Li H, Shi M, Liu Y. An I2-mediated aerobic oxidative annulation of amidines with tertiary aminesviaC–H amination/C–N cleavage for the synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted 1,3,5-triazines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2629-2633. [PMID: 29610816 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00635k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An iodine-mediated aerobic oxidative cycloaddition of amidines with tertiary amines was first demonstrated, affording symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,4-disubstituted 1,3,5-triazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Production and Safety
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Chang Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hongyi Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yanqi Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Production and Safety
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21
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Jia FC, Xu C, Wang YW, Chen ZP, Chen YF, Wu AX. Copper-catalyzed ambient-temperature decarboxylative annulation of isatins with amidine hydrochlorides: a facile access to 2-(1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aniline derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4223-4226. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00904j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed domino protocol for the synthesis of 2-(1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)anilines has been developed from isatins and amidine hydrochlorides at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Cheng Jia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Yu-Wei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- China
| | - Zhi-Peng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- China
| | - Yun-Feng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan 430073
- China
| | - An-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
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22
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23
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Wang K, Yang L, Wang X, Guo L, Cheng G, Zhang C, Jin S, Tan B, Cooper A. Covalent Triazine Frameworks via a Low-Temperature Polycondensation Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14149-14153. [PMID: 28926688 PMCID: PMC5698698 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are normally synthesized by ionothermal methods. The harsh synthetic conditions and associated limited structural diversity do not benefit for further development and practical large-scale synthesis of CTFs. Herein we report a new strategy to construct CTFs (CTF-HUSTs) via a polycondensation approach, which allows the synthesis of CTFs under mild conditions from a wide array of building blocks. Interestingly, these CTFs display a layered structure. The CTFs synthesized were also readily scaled up to gram quantities. The CTFs are potential candidates for separations, photocatalysis and for energy storage applications. In particular, CTF-HUSTs are found to be promising photocatalysts for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with a maximum rate of 2647 μmol h-1 g-1 under visible light. We also applied a pyrolyzed form of CTF-HUST-4 as an anode material in a sodium-ion battery achieving an excellent discharge capacity of 467 mAh g-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
| | - Li‐Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of ScienceBeijing Jiaotong UniversityNo.3 Shangyuancun, Haidian District100044BeijingChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of ChemistryTianjin University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
| | - Liping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
| | - Guang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Life Science & TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
| | - Shangbin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
| | - Andrew Cooper
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road No. 1037430074WuhanChina
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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24
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Wang K, Yang LM, Wang X, Guo L, Cheng G, Zhang C, Jin S, Tan B, Cooper A. Covalent Triazine Frameworks via a Low-Temperature Polycondensation Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Li-Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science; Beijing Jiaotong University; No.3 Shangyuancun, Haidian District 100044 Beijing China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry; Tianjin University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Liping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Guang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Shangbin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Andrew Cooper
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luoyu Road No. 1037 430074 Wuhan China
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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25
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Synthesis of 2,3,6-trisubstituted pyridines by transition-metal free cyclization of 1,3-diynes with amino acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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26
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Abstract
In the present investigation, a simple and facile synthetic strategy for the construction of a series of structurally interesting tricyclic-fused N-alkyl-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indol-2-amines has been successfully achieved. Our synthesis, based on the annulation reaction between readily available 2-chloroindole-3-carbaldehydes or 3-acetyl-2-chloroindoles and guanidine nitrate using KOH as the base in refluxing EtOH medium, has the attractive features such as mild and economical reaction conditions and easy handing with lesser impact on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Gao
- Institute of Superfine Chemicals, Bohai University, Keji Street, Jinzhou, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Institute of Superfine Chemicals, Bohai University, Keji Street, Jinzhou, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Superfine Chemicals, Bohai University, Keji Street, Jinzhou, 121000, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Cao C, Zhang L, Zhou G, Dan W, Wang X, Zhao X. Application of DMSO in the Synthesis of 1,4-Disubstituted (But-1-en-3-ynyl)methylthioethers. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanchuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Siping Road 1239 Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Siping Road 1239 Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Siping Road 1239 Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Siping Road 1239 Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Siping Road 1239 Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Siping Road 1239 Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
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28
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Guo W, Liu D, Liao J, Ji F, Wu W, Jiang H. Cu-Catalyzed intermolecular [3 + 3] annulation involving oxidative activation of an unreactive C(sp3)–H bond: access to pyrimidine derivatives from amidines and ketones. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
An efficient approach to pyrimidines through a copper-catalyzed oxidative unreactive C(sp3)–H bond and intermolecular [3 + 3] annulation of amidines and ketones is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Dongqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Jianhua Liao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Fanghua Ji
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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29
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You Q, Wang F, Wu C, Shi T, Min D, Chen H, Zhang W. Synthesis of 1,3,5-triazines via Cu(OAc)2-catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of alcohols and amidine hydrochlorides. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:6723-7. [PMID: 25991063 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00724k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cu(OAc)2 was found to be an efficient catalyst for dehydrogenative synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives via oxidative coupling reaction of amidine hydrochlorides and alcohols in air. Both aromatic and aliphatic alcohols can be involved in the reaction and thirty-three products were obtained with good to excellent yields. Moreover, the use of a ligand, strong base and organic oxidant is unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing You
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Tiwari AR, Bhanage BM. Oxidative Functionalization of Styrenes: Synthesis of 1,3,5-triazines from StyrenesviaTandem Cyclization with Amidines. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek R. Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Chemical Technology; Mumbai - 4000 19 India
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31
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Zhang L, Zhao M, Zhao X. The synthesis of carbonyl 2-amino-pyrimidines via tandem regioselective heterocyclization of 1,3-diynes with guanidine and selective oxidation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9370-3. [PMID: 25959976 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02238j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient one-pot approach for the synthesis of carbonyl 2-amino-pyrimidines from 1,3-diynes and guanidine in the presence of Cs2CO3 and DMSO has been described. In these reactions, 1,3-diynes act as a precursor of buta-1,2,3-trienes and guanidine serves as the N-C[double bond, length as m-dash]N source for the construction of pyrimidines. This methodology proves to be a tandem regioselective heterocyclization of 1,3-diynes with guanidine and selective oxidation with DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China.
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32
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Huang H, Guo W, Wu W, Li CJ, Jiang H. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp3)–H Functionalization for Facile Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazoles and 1,3,5-Triazines from Amidines. Org Lett 2015; 17:2894-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huawen Huang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department
of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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33
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Tiwari AR, T. A, Bhanage BM. NIS-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of alcohols with amidines: a simple and efficient transition-metal free method for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triazines. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10973-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01835h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triazines by NIS-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of alcohols with amidines has been developed. The reaction works smoothly under transition-metal and phosphine-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek R. Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT)
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Akash T.
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT)
- Mumbai
- India
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34
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Xu L, Wang PF, Zhang JJ, Wu W, Shi JW, Yuan JF, Han H, Wang H. Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of propeller type 2,4,6-tri(anthracen-9-yl)-1,3,5-triazine. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08833j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel propeller typed compound, 2,4,6-tri(anthracen-9-yl)-1,3,5-triazine was synthesized by using 9-anthryl lithium with 1,3,5-trichlorotriazine or 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine. It's interesting spectroscopic behaviors were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Juan-Juan Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Jian-Wu Shi
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Jing-Fang Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Hui Han
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
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35
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Guo W. Direct oxidative coupling of amidine hydrochlorides and methylarenes: TBHP-mediated synthesis of substituted 1,3,5-triazines under metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10285-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01799h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Various 2,4,6-trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazines were smoothly formed via TBHP-mediated direct oxidative coupling of amidine and methylarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
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36
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A novel straightforward synthesis of 2,4,6-triaryl-1,3,5-triazines via copper-catalyzed cyclization of N-benzylbenzamidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Xu X, Zhang M, Jiang H, Zheng J, Li Y. A Novel Straightforward Synthesis of 2,4-Disubstituted-1,3,5-triazines via Aerobic Copper-Catalyzed Cyclization of Amidines with DMF. Org Lett 2014; 16:3540-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501493h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People’s Republic of China
- Department
of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Zheng
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People’s Republic of China
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38
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Xie F, Chen M, Wang X, Jiang H, Zhang M. An efficient ruthenium-catalyzed dehydrogenative synthesis of 2,4,6-triaryl-1,3,5-triazines from aryl methanols and amidines. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2761-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42589d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An efficient ruthenium-catalyzed dehydrogenative synthesis of 2,4,6-triaryl-1,3,5-triazines from aryl methanols and amidines has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xie
- School of Chemical & Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- School of Chemical & Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- School of Chemical & Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Chemical & Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
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Liu H, Zhang L, Zhao F, Liu H. Three-Step One-Pot Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles Using Copper Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Microwave-assisted Pd-catalyzed synthesis of fused steroidal and non-steroidal pyrimidines from β-halo-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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41
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Bhowmik S, Pandey G, Batra S. Substituent-Guided Switch between CH Activation and Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling during Palladium/Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of 2-Aminobenzoates with 2-Haloarylaldehydes. Chemistry 2013; 19:10487-91. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Biswas S, Batra S. Retracted: Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Substituted Isoindolo[2,1-a]quinoxalines and Isoindolo[2,1-a]quinoxalin-6(5H)-ones. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Huang A, Liu H, Ma C. One-pot synthesis of 6H-benzo[b]benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-d][1,4]oxazines via a copper-catalyzed process. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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