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Katiyar JD, Chattopadhyay S. Quantitative functionalization of chitosan using green and efficient azetidinium-amine reactions. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 287:119324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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2
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Reissig F, Mamat C. Strained Ammonium Precursors for Radiofluorinations. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200039. [PMID: 35736542 PMCID: PMC9220932 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The increasing application of positron emission tomography (PET) in nuclear medicine has stimulated the extensive development of a multitude of novel and versatile techniques to introduce fluorine‐18, especially for the radiolabelling of biologically or pharmacologically active molecules. Taking into consideration that the introduction of fluorine‐18 (t1/2=109.8 min) mostly proceeds under harsh conditions, radiolabelling of such molecules represents a challenge and is of enormous interest. Ideally, it should proceed in a regioselective manner under mild physiological conditions, in an acceptable time span, with high yields and high specific activities. Special attention has been drawn to 2‐fluoroethyl and 3‐fluoropropyl groups, which are often the active sites of radiofluorinated compounds. Precursors containing an ammonium leaving group – such as a strained azetidinium or aziridinium moiety – can help to overcome these obstacles leading to a convenient and mild introduction of [18F]fluoride with high radiochemical yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falco Reissig
- Institut für Radiopharmazeutische Krebsforschung Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Constantin Mamat
- Institut für Radiopharmazeutische Krebsforschung Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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3
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Tayama E, Kawai K. Synthesis of tertiary alkyl fluorides and chlorides by site-selective nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of α-aryl azetidinium salts. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39607-39618. [PMID: 35492462 PMCID: PMC9044468 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Site-selective nucleophilic ring-opening reactions of 2-arylazetidine-2-carboxylic acid ester-derived tetraalkyl ammonium salts 2 with tetrabutylammonium halides (Bu4NX) to give tertiary alkyl halides are successfully demonstrated. For example, a nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of 2-(o-tolyl) derivative 2a with 1.2 equivalents of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (Bu4NF) in THF at 60 °C preferentially proceeded at a more substituted carbon atom (2-position) compared to a less-substituted carbon atom (4-position) and afforded tert-butyl 4-(dimethylamino)-2-fluoro-2-(o-tolyl)butanoate 3aa in 71% yield as the corresponding tertiary alkyl fluoride. This result was applied to synthesize optically active organofluorine compounds starting from commercially available (R)-1-phenylethylamine. Site-selective nucleophilic ring-opening of 2 with Bu4NX proceeded at a much-substituted 2-position preferentially and produced tertiary alkyl halides 3.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Kohei Kawai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University Niigata 950-2181 Japan
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4
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Tayama E, Nakanome N. Synthesis of optically active 2-substituted azetidine-2-carbonitriles from chiral 1-arylethylamine via α-alkylation of N-borane complexes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:23825-23837. [PMID: 35479785 PMCID: PMC9036535 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04585g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The base-promoted α-alkylation of N-((S)-1-arylethyl)azetidine-2-carbonitriles 3via formation of their N-borane complexes 4 was investigated. For example, treatment of diastereomerically pure borane N-((S)-1′-(4′′-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)azetidine-2-carbonitrile complex (1S,2S,1′S)-4b with 1.2 equivalents of LDA at −78 °C followed by 1.3 equivalents of benzyl bromide at −78 °C and warming to room temperature produced α-benzylated (2S,1′S)-5ba in 72% yield and (2R,1′S)-5ba in 2% yield. A mechanism for this diastereoselective α-alkylation was proposed. Our method enables the production of optically active 2-substituted azetidine-2-carbonitriles, such as α-benzylated (S)-10a and (R)-10a, starting from commercially available (S)-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)amine. Synthesis of optically active 2-substituted azetidine-2-carbonitriles by LDA-promoted diastereoselective α-alkylation of borane N-((S)-1-arylethyl)azetidine-2-carbonitrile complexes was demonstrated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakanome
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
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5
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Masson G, Gomez Pardo D, Cossy J. Ring-opening of azetidiniums by nucleophiles. Synthesis of polysubstituted linear amines. Chirality 2020; 33:5-21. [PMID: 33201588 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This microreview focuses on the nucleophilic ring-opening of azetidiniums presenting various substitution patterns at C2, C3, and C4. In most cases, the nucleophilic ring-opening occurred in a stereoselective and regioselective fashion producing functionalized linear amines. Experimental selectivities associated with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have allowed a better understanding of the parameters governing the regioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Masson
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Domingo Gomez Pardo
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
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6
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Boddy AJ, Cordier CJ, Goldberg K, Madin A, Spivey AC, Bull JA. Acid-Mediated Ring Expansion of 2,2-Disubstituted Azetidine Carbamates to 6,6-Disubstituted 1,3-Oxazinan-2-ones. Org Lett 2019; 21:1818-1822. [PMID: 30829041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ring expansion of 2-ester-2-arylazetidine carbamates can be achieved using Brønsted acids to form 6,6-disubstituted 1,3-oxazinan-2-ones. The reaction is rapid at room temperature with Boc or Cbz derivatives and proceeds with excellent yield (up to 96%) and broad substrate scope. Derivatives of drug compounds and natural products are incorporated. The combination of this ring expansion in a three-step N-H insertion/cyclization/expansion sequence is applied to directly access medicinally relevant scaffolds from acyclic precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Boddy
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Christopher J Cordier
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Kristin Goldberg
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology , IMED Biotech Unit , AstraZeneca , Cambridge CB4 0WG , U.K
| | - Andrew Madin
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit , AstraZeneca , Cambridge CB4 0WG , U.K
| | - Alan C Spivey
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane , London W12 0BZ , U.K
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7
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Tayama E, Nishio R, Kobayashi Y. Base-promoted diastereoselective α-alkylation of borane N-((S)-1'-phenylethyl)azetidine-2-carboxylic acid ester complexes. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:5833-5845. [PMID: 30070285 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01395k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The base-promoted α-alkylation of N-((S)-1-phenylethyl)azetidine-2-carboxylic acid esters 1 was investigated. The use of diastereomerically pure borane complexes 3 as substrates, which are easily prepared from 1, dramatically improved the yields and diastereoselectivities of α-alkylated products 2. For example, the treatment of tert-butyl ester (1S,2S,1'S)-3a with 2.4 equivalents of lithium bis(trimethysilyl)amide (LiHMDS) at 0 °C followed by 2.6 equivalents of benzyl bromide afforded α-benzylated (2S,1'S)-2aa in 90% yield as almost a single diastereomer. Our method enables the production of optically active α-substituted azetidine-2-carboxylic acid esters starting from commercially available (S)-1-phenylethylamine, which is one of the least expensive chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan.
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Pusch S, Schollmeyer D, Opatz T. Synthesis and Unusual NMR-Spectroscopic Behavior of a Strained Bicyclic Ammonium Salt. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pusch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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9
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Wright K, Drouillat B, Menguy L, Marrot J, Couty F. The von Braun Reaction Applied to Azetidines. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wright
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles; UMR 8180; Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines; Université Paris Saclay; 45 av. des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Bruno Drouillat
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles; UMR 8180; Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines; Université Paris Saclay; 45 av. des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Laurence Menguy
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles; UMR 8180; Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines; Université Paris Saclay; 45 av. des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Jérôme Marrot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles; UMR 8180; Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines; Université Paris Saclay; 45 av. des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - François Couty
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles; UMR 8180; Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines; Université Paris Saclay; 45 av. des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
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Drouillat B, Dorogan IV, Kletskii M, Burov ON, Couty F. Competitive Ring Expansion of Azetidines into Pyrrolidines and/or Azepanes. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6677-85. [PMID: 27398926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Azetidines fitted with a 3-hydroxypropyl side chain at the 2-position undergo intramolecular N-alkylation after activation of the primary alcohol, and the produced 1-azonia-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane is opened by different nucleophiles (cyanide, azide, or acetate anions) to produce mixtures of ring expanded pyrrolidines and azepanes, or a unique type of compound. Distribution of produced five- or seven-membered rings depends on the substitution pattern on the azetidine ring and on its side chain, together with the nature of the nucleophile used in the expansion process. Observed regioselectivities for nucleophilic opening are rationalized by quantum mechanical DFT calculations and are in good agreement with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Drouillat
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR 8180, Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris Saclay - 45 , av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Igor V Dorogan
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University , 194/2 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Kletskii
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University , 7, Zorge St., 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg N Burov
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University , 7, Zorge St., 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - François Couty
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR 8180, Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris Saclay - 45 , av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
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11
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Tayama E, Watanabe K, Matano Y. Ring-Strain Effects in Base-Induced Sommelet-Hauser Rearrangement: Application to Successive Stereocontrolled Transformations. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Niigata University; 950-2181 Niigata Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Niigata University; 950-2181 Niigata Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Niigata University; 950-2181 Niigata Japan
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12
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Lugiņina J, Uzuleņa J, Posevins D, Turks M. Ring-Opening of Carbamate-Protected Aziridines and Azetidines in Liquid Sulfur Dioxide. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Quinodoz P, Wright K, Drouillat B, David O, Marrot J, Couty F. Synthesis of homopropargylamines from 2-cyanoazetidines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10072-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05713f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mild generation of vinylidene carbene from α-amino nitrile is the basis of a new synthesis of homopropargylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Quinodoz
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles
- UMR 8180. Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 78035 Versailles Cedex
- France
| | - K. Wright
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles
- UMR 8180. Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 78035 Versailles Cedex
- France
| | - B. Drouillat
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles
- UMR 8180. Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 78035 Versailles Cedex
- France
| | - O. David
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles
- UMR 8180. Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 78035 Versailles Cedex
- France
| | - J. Marrot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles
- UMR 8180. Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 78035 Versailles Cedex
- France
| | - F. Couty
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles
- UMR 8180. Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 78035 Versailles Cedex
- France
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Lo C, David O, Couty F. Alkylation/elimination from azetidinium ylides: an entry to functionalized acrylonitriles. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Drouillat B, d'Aboville E, Bourdreux F, Couty F. Synthesis of 2-Phenyl- and 2,2-Diarylpyrrolidines through Stevens Rearrangement Performed on Azetidinium Ions. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Couty F, Drouillat B, Evano G, David O. 2-Cyanoazetidines and Azetidinium Ions: Scaffolds for Molecular Diversity. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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