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Biswas S, Empel C, Sanchez-Palestino LM, Arman H, Koenigs RM, Doyle MP. Denitrogenative dismantling of heteroaromatics by nucleophilic substitution reactions with diazomethyl compounds. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11065-11071. [PMID: 39027303 PMCID: PMC11253183 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01578a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleophiles from deprotonation of diazomethyl compounds having diverse electron withdrawing groups react with 4-carboxylato-1,2,3-triazines at the 6-position to extrude dinitrogen and produce diazovinylketoesters compounds with five or six linear contiguous sp2-hybridized carbons, whereas these same nucleophiles react with 4-carboxylato-1,2,3-triazine 1-oxides, also at the 6-position, to form pyrazolines with the expulsion of nitrous oxide and cyanocarboxylate. This disparity is due to the significant difference in reactivity of the nucleophilic addition products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Claire Empel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Luis Mario Sanchez-Palestino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City 11340 Mexico
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
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Mairhofer C, Naderer D, Waser M. Tetrabutylammonium iodide-catalyzed oxidative α-azidation of β-ketocarbonyl compounds using sodium azide. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1510-1517. [PMID: 38978746 PMCID: PMC11228824 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We herein report the oxidative α-azidation of carbonyl compounds by using NaN3 in the presence of dibenzoyl peroxide catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI). By utilizing these readily available bulk chemicals a variety of cyclic β-ketocarbonyl derivatives can be efficiently α-azidated under operationally simple conditions. Control experiments support a mechanistic scenario involving in situ formation of an ammonium hypoiodite species which first facilitates the α-iodination of the pronucleophile, followed by a phase-transfer-catalyzed nucleophilic substitution by the azide. Furthermore, we also show that an analogous α-nitration by using NaNO2 under otherwise identical conditions is possible as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mairhofer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - David Naderer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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3
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Sukhanov GT, Bosov KK, Filippova YV, Sukhanova AG, Krupnova IA, Pivovarova EV. New 5-Aminotetrazole-Based Energetic Polymers: Synthesis, Structure and Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6936. [PMID: 36234276 PMCID: PMC9572200 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An N-glycidyl-5-aminotetrazole homopolymer was synthesized herein by nucleophilic substitution of 5-aminotetrazole heterocycles for chlorine atoms in poly-(epichlorohydrin)-butanediol. Copolymers of N-glycidyl-5-aminotetrazole and glycidyl azide with a varied ratio of energetic elements were synthesized by simultaneously reacting the 5-aminotetrazole sodium salt and the azide ion with the starting polymeric matrix. The 5-aminotetrazole-based homopolymer was nitrated to furnish a polymer whose macromolecule is enriched additionally with energy-rich terminal ONO2 groups and nitrate anions. The structures of the synthesized polymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and IR spectroscopies, elemental analysis and gel-permeation chromatography. The densities were experimentally measured, and thermal stability data were acquired by differential scanning calorimetry. The insertion of aminotetrazole heterocycles into the polymeric chain and their modification via nitration provides an acceptable thermal stability and a considerable enhancement in density and nitrogen content compared to azide homopolymer GAP. By the 1.3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, we demonstrated the conceptual possibility of preparing spatially branched, energy-rich polymeric binders bearing 5-aminotetrazole and 1,2,3-triazole heterocycles starting from the plasticized azide copolymers. The presence of the aforesaid advantages makes the reported polymers attractive candidates for use as a scaffold of energetic binders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yulia V. Filippova
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Technology of High-Energy Azoles, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), Biysk 659322, Russia
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Eckhardt AK. Spectroscopic evidence for 1,2-diiminoethane - a key intermediate in imidazole synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8484-8487. [PMID: 35815822 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple imines and diimines are common building blocks in organic synthesis, but the compound class is spectroscopically not well characterized. Herein we report the formation of the simplest diimine, namely 1,2-diiminoethane, as well as spectroscopic characterization by cryogenic matrix isolation IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Three conformers of 1,2-diiminoethane form after UV irradiation of 1,2-diazidoethane by N2 extrusion at 3 K in solid argon and can be photochemically interconverted. In a matrix isolation pyrolysis experiment at 600 °C with 1,2-diazidoethane as the starting material we observe hydrogen cyanide and formaldimine as the main decomposition products. All experimental findings are supported by deuterium labeling experiments and B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) calculations. Irradiation of 1,2-diazidoethane in aqueous solution leads to the formation of imidazoles as indicated by NMR spectroscopy and GC-MS analysis. Our results underline the key role of diimines as building blocks in N-heterocyclic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- André K Eckhardt
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
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Singh G, Pawan, Mohit, Diksha, Suman, Priyanka, Sushma, Saini A, Kaur A. Design of new bis-triazolyl structure for identification of inhibitory activity on COVID-19 main protease by molecular docking approach. J Mol Struct 2022; 1250:131858. [PMID: 34744185 PMCID: PMC8563301 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the rapidly growing COVID-19 pandemic, designing of new drugs and evaluating their inhibitory action against main targets of corona virus could be an effective strategy to accelerate the drug discovery process and their efficacy towards corona virus disease. Herein, we design new bis-triazolyl probe for an investigation of inhibitory activity towards COVID-19 main protease by Molecular docking approach. The formulated compound has been thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis, NMR (1H and 13C) and complete structure elucidation was achieved via X-ray crystallography. Docking study reveals that newly synthesized compound confers good inhibitory response to COVID-19 main protease as supported by calculated docking score and binding energy. Strong hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions of the newly synthesized compound with several important amino acids of the main protease also helps to explain the potency of the compound to inhibit the main protease. We hope that the present study would help the researcher in the field of Medicinal chemistry and to develop potential drug against the novel corona virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurjaspreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Pawan
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mohit
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Diksha
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Suman
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Priyanka
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sushma
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Anamika Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Amarjit Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Conjugation of aminoadamantanes by copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sokolov VB, Aksinenko AY, Goreva TV, Epishina TA, Samsonova AN. Copper-catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Substituted N-Propargylindoles and Terminal Diazidoalkanes. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kizhnyaev VN, Golobokova TV, Pokatilov FA, Vereshchagin LI, Estrin YI. Synthesis of energetic triazole- and tetrazole-containing oligomers and polymers. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-017-2109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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9
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Bellan AB, Hafner S, Hartdegen VA, Klapötke TM. Polyurethanes based on 2,2-Dinitropropane-1,3-diol and 2,2-bis(azidomethyl)propane-1,3-diol as potential energetic binders. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Bellan
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilian University; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Germany, Haus D, Munich
| | - Sven Hafner
- Energetische Materialien; Fraunhofer-Institut Für Chemische Technologie ICT; Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Str. 7 Pfinztal 76327 Germany
| | - Vera A. Hartdegen
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilian University; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Germany, Haus D, Munich
| | - Thomas M. Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilian University; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Germany, Haus D, Munich
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Li GN, He LR, Xia D, Li L, Cheng WF, Li KX, Cui F, Niu ZG. New Cu(I) Coordination Complexes Based on Tetrathiafulvalene Substituted Triazol-pyridine Ligand: Synthesis, Properties and Theoretical Studies. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201500251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kettner MA, Klapötke TM. New Energetic Polynitrotetrazoles. Chemistry 2015; 21:3755-65. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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DFT studies on 7-nitrotetrazolo [1,5]furazano[4,5-b]pyridine 1-oxide: crystal structure, detonation properties, sensitivity and effect of hydrostatic compression. Struct Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-013-0279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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