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Carreiro E, Hermann GJ, Federsel HJ, Burke AJ. Asymmetric Additions Empowered by OrganoCatalysts, Metal Catalysts, and Deep Natural Eutectic Solvents (NADES). J Org Chem 2024; 89:6631-6638. [PMID: 38695058 PMCID: PMC11110060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This article is a history of an industrial-academic partnership that started almost two decades ago and details the evolution of a relationship between a small academic research group and a spin-out company located in Portugal. Their activities have ranged from the development of new metal-based catalytic systems for asymmetric epoxidations, allylic alkylations, and arylations to the development of novel cinchona-based organocatalysts for asymmetric hydrosilylations and Michael additions. Current common interests are centered on the development of novel chiral Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent systems, which they are investigating in different types of reaction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete
P. Carreiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
- Chiratecnics, PO Box 59, Rossio, Évora, 7006-802, Portugal
- School
of Sciences and Technology, Fase III, Laboratory 010, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Gesine J. Hermann
- Chiratecnics, PO Box 59, Rossio, Évora, 7006-802, Portugal
- School
of Sciences and Technology, Fase III, Laboratory 010, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Hans-Jürgen Federsel
- Chiratecnics, PO Box 59, Rossio, Évora, 7006-802, Portugal
- School
of Sciences and Technology, Fase III, Laboratory 010, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
- RISE
Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthony J. Burke
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
- Faculty
Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências
da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centro de
Química de Coimbra - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS),
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center
for Neurosciences and Cellular Biology (CNC), Polo I, Universidade de Coimbra Rua Larga Faculdade de Medicina, Polo I, 1°andar 3004−504, Coimbra, Portugal
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2
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Burke AJ. Asymmetric organocatalysis in drug discovery and development for active pharmaceutical ingredients. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:37-46. [PMID: 36527181 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2160437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the last 20 years, it has become clear that organocatalysis is the third pillar of catalysis. The low reactivity in the early days of organocatalysis has been overcome with the invention of more efficient catalysts, and by harnessing enabling technologies like continuous-flow chemistry and photo-redox catalysis. AREAS COVERED The main focus of this review is on the development over the last 10-15 years of key APIs using asymmetric organocatalysis. Due to significant engineering advances, and also due to the need for continuous manufacturing, flow and photo-redox approaches are becoming more widespread. EXPERT OPINION Over the last 20 years, organocatalysis has been used on various occasions for accessing chiral drugs. The great advantage of using these catalysts is that the final active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is metal-free. Also due to their inherent stability in air and water, they are very amenable to recovery via attachment to appropriate solid supports and also application in continuous flow systems. In recent years, more efficient organocatalysts have been developed, which includes the photoredox types, with much potential for chiral API synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Burke
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centro de Química de Coimbra, Institute of Molecular Science, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.,Center for Neurosciences and Cellular Biology (CNC), Polo I, Universidade de Coimbra Rua Larga Faculdade de Medicina, Polo I, Coimbra, Portugal
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3
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Hughes DL. Highlights of the Recent Patent Literature: Focus on Asymmetric Organocatalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Hughes
- Cidara Therapeutics, 6755 Mira Mesa Blvd., Suite 123-217, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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4
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Popov KK, Campbell JLP, Kysilka O, Hošek J, Davies CD, Pour M, Kočovský P. Reductive Amination Revisited: Reduction of Aldimines with Trichlorosilane Catalyzed by Dimethylformamide─Functional Group Tolerance, Scope, and Limitations. J Org Chem 2021; 87:920-943. [PMID: 34841878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aldimines, generated in situ from aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic aldehydes and aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic primary or secondary amines, can be reduced with trichlorosilane in the presence of dimethylformamide (DMF) as an organocatalyst (≤10 mol %) in toluene or CH2Cl2 at room temperature. The reduction tolerates ketone carbonyls, esters, amides, nitriles, sulfones, sulfonamides, NO2, SF5, and CF3 groups, boronic esters, azides, phosphine oxides, C═C and C≡C bonds, and ferrocenyl nucleus, but sulfoxides and N-oxides are reduced. α,β-Unsaturated aldimines undergo 1,2-reduction only, leaving the C═C bond intact. N-Monoalkylation of primary amines is attained with a 1:1 aldehyde to amine ratio, whereas excess of the aldehyde (≥2:1) allows second alkylation, giving rise to tertiary amines. Reductive N-alkylation of α-amino acids proceeds without racemization; the resulting products, containing a C≡C bond or N3 group, are suitable for click chemistry. This reaction thus offers advantages over the traditional methods (borohydride reduction or catalytic hydrogenation) in terms of efficiency and chemoselectivity. Solubility of some of the reacting partners appears to be the only limitation. The byproducts generated by the workup with aqueous NaHCO3 (i.e., NaCl and silica) are environmentally benign. As a greener alternative, DMA can be employed as a catalyst instead of DMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill K Popov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna L P Campbell
- Syngenta, Grangemouth Manufacturing Centre, Earl's Road, Grangemouth FK3 8XG, U.K
| | - Ondřej Kysilka
- Trelleborg Bohemia, Akademika Bedrny 531/8a, Věkoše, 500 03 Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hošek
- Farmak, Na vlčinci 16/3, Klášterní Hradisko, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Milan Pour
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kočovský
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.,Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Maciá M, Porcar R, Martí-Centelles V, García-Verdugo E, Burguete MI, Luis SV. Rational Design of Simple Organocatalysts for the HSiCl 3 Enantioselective Reduction of (E)- N-(1-Phenylethylidene)aniline. Molecules 2021; 26:6963. [PMID: 34834055 PMCID: PMC8625272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolinamides are well-known organocatalysts for the HSiCl3 reduction of imines; however, custom design of catalysts is based on trial-and-error experiments. In this work, we have used a combination of computational calculations and experimental work, including kinetic analyses, to properly understand this process and to design optimized catalysts for the benchmark (E)-N-(1-phenylethylidene)aniline. The best results have been obtained with the amide derived from 4-methoxyaniline and the N-pivaloyl protected proline, for which the catalyzed process is almost 600 times faster than the uncatalyzed one. Mechanistic studies reveal that the formation of the component supramolecular complex catalyst-HSiCl3-substrate, involving hydrogen bonding breaking and costly conformational changes in the prolinamide, is an important step in the overall process.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Maciá
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Jaume I University, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (M.M.); (R.P.); (V.M.-C.); (M.I.B.)
| | - Raúl Porcar
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Jaume I University, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (M.M.); (R.P.); (V.M.-C.); (M.I.B.)
- Department of Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UNED—Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Avenida de Esparta s/n, 28232 Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martí-Centelles
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Jaume I University, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (M.M.); (R.P.); (V.M.-C.); (M.I.B.)
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo García-Verdugo
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Jaume I University, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (M.M.); (R.P.); (V.M.-C.); (M.I.B.)
| | - Maria Isabel Burguete
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Jaume I University, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (M.M.); (R.P.); (V.M.-C.); (M.I.B.)
| | - Santiago V. Luis
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Jaume I University, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (M.M.); (R.P.); (V.M.-C.); (M.I.B.)
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6
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Evaluation of 3,3′-Triazolyl Biisoquinoline N,N′-Dioxide Catalysts for Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of Hydrazones with Trichlorosilane. Catalysts 2021; 11. [PMID: 36285183 PMCID: PMC9589403 DOI: 10.3390/catal11091103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A new class of axial-chiral biisoquinoline
N,N′-dioxides was evaluated as
catalysts for the enantioselective hydrosilylation of acyl hydrazones with
trichlorosilane. While these catalysts provided poor to moderate reactivity and
enantioselectivity, this study represents the first example of the
organocatalytic asymmetric reduction of acyl hydrazones. In addition, the
structures and energies of two possible diastereomeric
catalyst–trichlorosilane complexes
(2a–HSiCl3) were analyzed using density
functional theory calculations.
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7
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Ötvös SB, Kappe CO. Continuous flow asymmetric synthesis of chiral active pharmaceutical ingredients and their advanced intermediates. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2021; 23:6117-6138. [PMID: 34671222 PMCID: PMC8447942 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01615f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective transformations provide well-established and direct access to stereogenic synthons that are broadly distributed among active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). These reactions have been demonstrated to benefit considerably from the merits of continuous processing and microreactor technology. Over the past few years, continuous flow enantioselective catalysis has grown into a mature field and has found diverse applications in asymmetric synthesis of pharmaceutically active substances. The present review therefore surveys flow chemistry-based approaches for the synthesis of chiral APIs and their advanced stereogenic intermediates, covering the utilization of biocatalysis, organometallic catalysis and metal-free organocatalysis to introduce asymmetry in continuously operated systems. Single-step processes, interrupted multistep flow syntheses, combined batch/flow processes and uninterrupted one-flow syntheses are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor B Ötvös
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 A-8010 Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - C Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 A-8010 Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 A-8010 Graz Austria
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8
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Chen W, Tan C, Wang H, Ye X. The Development of Organocatalytic Asymmetric Reduction of Carbonyls and Imines Using Silicon Hydrides. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology 18 Chaowang Road Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Choon‐Hong Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology 18 Chaowang Road Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology 18 Chaowang Road Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
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9
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Massolo E, Pirola M, Puglisi A, Rossi S, Benaglia M. A one pot protocol to convert nitro-arenes into N-aryl amides. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4040-4044. [PMID: 35492662 PMCID: PMC9048774 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10758d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A two-step one pot, experimentally simple protocol, based on readily available and inexpensive reagents allowed the conversion of nitro-arenes directly to N-aryl amides. A metal-free reduction of the nitro group, mediated by trichlorosilane, followed by the addition of an anhydride afforded the corresponding N-aryl carboxyamide, that was isolated after a simple aqueous work up in good-excellent yields. When the methodology was applied to the reaction with γ-butyrolactone, the desired N-aryl butanamide derivative was obtained, featuring a chlorine atom at the γ-position, a functionalized handle that can be used for further synthetic manipulation of the reaction product. Such an intermediate has already been employed as a key advanced precursor of pharmaceutically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Massolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Margherita Pirola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Alessandra Puglisi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
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10
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Jassem AM, Raheemah AH, Radhi WA, Alid AM, Jaber HA. Highly Diastereoselective Metal-Free Catalytic Synthesis of Drug-Like Spiroimidazolidinone. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042801910021x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Boratyński PJ, Zielińska-Błajet M, Skarżewski J. Cinchona Alkaloids-Derivatives and Applications. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2019; 82:29-145. [PMID: 30850032 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Major Cinchona alkaloids quinine, quinidine, cinchonine, and cinchonidine are available chiral natural compounds (chiral pool). Unlike many other natural products, these alkaloids are available in multiple diastereomeric forms which are separated on an industrial scale. The introduction discusses in short conformational equilibria, traditional separation scheme, biosynthesis, and de novo chemical syntheses. The second section concerns useful chemical applications of the alkaloids as chiral recognition agents and effective chiral catalysts. Besides the Sharpless ethers and quaternary ammonium salts (chiral PTC), the most successful bifunctional organocatalysts are based on 9-amino derivatives: thioureas and squaramides. The third section reports the main transformations of Cinchona alkaloids. This covers reactions of the 9-hydroxyl group with the retention or inversion of configuration. Specific Cinchona rearrangements enlarging [2.2.2]bicycle of quinuclidine to [3.2.2] products are connected to the 9-OH substitution. The syntheses of numerous esterification and etherification products are described, including many examples of bi-Cinchona alkaloid ethers. Further derivatives comprise 9-N-substituted compounds. The amino group is introduced via an azido function with the inversion of configuration at the stereogenic center C9. The 9-epi-amino-alkaloids provide imines, amides, imides, thioureas, and squaramides. The syntheses of 9-carbon-, 9-sulfur-, and 9-selenium-substituted derivatives are discussed. Oxidation of the hydroxyl group of any alkaloid gives ketones, which can be selectively reduced, reacted with Grignard reagents, or subjected to the Corey-Chaykovsky reaction. The alkaloids were also partially degraded by splitting C4'-C9 or N1-C8 bonds. In order to immobilize Cinchona alkaloids the transformations of the 3-vinyl group were often exploited. Finally, miscellaneous functionalizations of quinuclidine, quinoline, and examples of various metal complexes of the alkaloids are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jacek Skarżewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland.
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12
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Fu Y, Sun J. HMPA-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of 3-Carbonyl Pyridines and Other N-Heteroarenes with Trichlorosilane. Molecules 2019; 24:E401. [PMID: 30678314 PMCID: PMC6384841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the HMPA (hexamethylphosphoric triamide)-catalyzed metal-free transfer hydrogenation of pyridines has been developed. The functional group tolerance of the existing reaction conditions provides easy access to various piperidines with ester or ketone groups at the C-3 site. The suitability of this method for the reduction of other N-heteroarenes has also been demonstrated. Thirty-three examples of different substrates have been reduced to designed products with 45⁻96% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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13
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Brenna D, Pirola M, Raimondi L, Burke AJ, Benaglia M. A stereoselective, catalytic strategy for the in-flow synthesis of advanced precursors of rasagiline and tamsulosin. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6242-6247. [PMID: 28153587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The diastereoselective, trichlorosilane-mediate reduction of imines, bearing different and removable chiral auxiliaries, in combination either with achiral bases or catalytic amounts of chiral Lewis bases, was investigated to afford immediate precursors of chiral APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients). The carbon-nitrogen double bond reduction was successfully performed in batch and in flow mode, in high yields and almost complete stereocontrol. By this metal-free approach, the formal synthesis of rasagiline and tamsulosin was successfully accomplished in micro(meso) flow reactors, under continuous flow conditions. The results of these explorative studies represent a new, important step towards the development of automated processes for the preparation of enantiopure biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Brenna
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Pirola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Raimondi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Anthony J Burke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Center of Évora, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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14
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Brenna D, Porta R, Massolo E, Raimondi L, Benaglia M. A New Class of Low-Loading Catalysts for Highly Enantioselective, Metal-Free Imine Reduction of Wide General Applicability. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Brenna
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Riccardo Porta
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Elisabetta Massolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Laura Raimondi
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milano Italy
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15
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Stereoselective Reduction of Imines with Trichlorosilane Using Solid-Supported Chiral Picolinamides. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091182. [PMID: 27608000 PMCID: PMC6274114 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The stereoselective reduction of imines with trichlorosilane catalyzed by chiral Lewis bases is a well-established procedure for the synthesis of enantio-enriched amines. Five supported cinchona-based picolinamides have been prepared and their activity tested in a model reaction. The comparison of different supporting materials revealed that polystyrene gave better results than silica in terms of stereoselectivity. The applicability of the solid-supported catalyst of choice to the reduction of different imines was also demonstrated. Additionally, for the first time, a catalytic reactor containing a polymer-immobilized chiral picolinamide has been employed for the stereoselective reduction of imines with trichlorosilane under continuous flow conditions.
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16
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Organocatalytic Transfer Hydrogenation and Hydrosilylation Reactions. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:29. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Wang T, Di X, Wang C, Zhou L, Sun J. Reductive Hydrazination with Trichlorosilane: A Method for the Preparation of 1,1-Disubstituted Hydrazines. Org Lett 2016; 18:1900-3. [PMID: 27049166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041 China
- Graduate
School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Xiao Di
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041 China
- Graduate
School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041 China
- Graduate
School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041 China
- Graduate
School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041 China
- Graduate
School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
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18
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Orlandi M, Benaglia M, Tosi F, Annunziata R, Cozzi F. HSiCl3-Mediated Reduction of Nitro-Derivatives to Amines: Is Tertiary Amine-Stabilized SiCl2 the Actual Reducing Species? J Org Chem 2016; 81:3037-41. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Orlandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Filippo Tosi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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19
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Burke AJ. Recent advances in metal catalyzed intramolecular aryl additions—accessing bioactive molecules. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Genoni A, Benaglia M, Mattiolo E, Rossi S, Raimondi L, Barrulas PC, Burke AJ. Synthesis of an advanced precursor of Rivastigmine: Cinchona -derived quaternary ammonium salts as organocatalysts for stereoselective imine reductions. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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Orlandi M, Tosi F, Bonsignore M, Benaglia M. Metal-Free Reduction of Aromatic and Aliphatic Nitro Compounds to Amines: A HSiCl3-Mediated Reaction of Wide General Applicability. Org Lett 2015; 17:3941-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Orlandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F. Tosi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M. Bonsignore
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M. Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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