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Yang H, Zhang J, Zhang S, Xue Z, Hu S, Chen Y, Tang Y. Chiral Bisphosphine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig Reaction: An Enantioselective Desymmetrizing Approach to Crinine-Type Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14136-14148. [PMID: 38642063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented chiral bisphosphine-catalyzed asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction of 2,2-disubstituted cyclohexane-1,3-diones is reported, enabling the facile access of a broad range of cis-3a-arylhydroindoles in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The key to the success of this work relies on the first application of chiral bisphosphine DuanPhos to the asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction. An effective reductive system has been established to address the challenging PV═O/PIII redox cycle associated with the chiral bisphosphine catalyst. In addition, comprehensive experimental and computational investigations were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the asymmetric reaction. Leveraging the newly developed chemistry, the enantioselective total syntheses of several crinine-type Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, including (+)-powelline, (+)-buphanamine, (+)-vittatine, and (+)-crinane, have been accomplished with remarkable conciseness and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingyang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengwen Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengkun Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yefeng Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Pei M, Tian A, Yang Q, Huang N, Wang L, Li D. Organophosphorus catalytic reaction based on reduction of phosphine oxide. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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3
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Lu M, Fan H, Liu Q, Sun X. A Facile Synthetic Method for Anhydride from Carboxylic Acid with the Promotion of Triphenylphosphine Oxide and Oxaloyl Chloride. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:34352-34358. [PMID: 36188305 PMCID: PMC9520564 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient synthesis reaction of carboxylic anhydrides catalyzed by triphenylphosphine oxide is described for the quick synthesis of a range of symmetric carboxylic anhydrides and cyclic anhydrides under mild and neutral conditions with a high yield. The system adopts the strong reactive intermediate Ph3PCl2 as the catalyst of carboxylic acid salt; driven by catalytic reaction, the synthesis takes a relatively short time to complete.
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4
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Vetter AC, Gilheany DG, Nikitin K. Wittig Olefination Using Phosphonium Ion-Pair Reagents Incorporating an Endogenous Base. Org Lett 2021; 23:1457-1462. [PMID: 33529039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite common perception, the use of strong bases in Wittig chemistry is utterly unnecessary: we report a series of novel ion-pair phosphonium carboxylate reagents which are essentially "storable ylides". These reagents are straightforwardly prepared in excellent yields, and their fluxional nature permits clean olefination of a broad range of aldehydes and even hemiacetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Vetter
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Declan G Gilheany
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kirill Nikitin
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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5
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Lipshultz JM, Li G, Radosevich AT. Main Group Redox Catalysis of Organopnictogens: Vertical Periodic Trends and Emerging Opportunities in Group 15. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1699-1721. [PMID: 33464903 PMCID: PMC7934640 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of organopnictogen redox catalytic methods have emerged-especially within the past 10 years-that leverage the plentiful reversible two-electron redox chemistry within Group 15. The goal of this Perspective is to provide readers the context to understand the dramatic developments in organopnictogen catalysis over the past decade with an eye toward future development. An exposition of the fundamental differences in the atomic structure and bonding of the pnictogens, and thus the molecular electronic structure of organopnictogen compounds, is presented to establish the backdrop against which organopnictogen redox reactivity-and ultimately catalysis-is framed. A deep appreciation of these underlying periodic principles informs an understanding of the differing modes of organopnictogen redox catalysis and evokes the key challenges to the field moving forward. We close by addressing forward-looking directions likely to animate this area in the years to come. What new catalytic manifolds can be developed through creative catalyst and reaction design that take advantage of the intrinsic redox reactivity of the pnictogens to drive new discoveries in catalysis?
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Lipshultz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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7
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Geeson M, Cummins CC. Let's Make White Phosphorus Obsolete. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:848-860. [PMID: 32607432 PMCID: PMC7318074 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Industrial and laboratory methods for incorporating phosphorus atoms into molecules within the framework of Green Chemistry are in their infancy. Current practice requires large inputs of energy, involves toxic intermediates, and generates substantial waste. Furthermore, a negligible fraction of phosphorus-containing waste is recycled which in turn contributes to negative environmental impacts, such as eutrophication. Methods that begin to address some of these drawbacks are reviewed, and some key opportunities to be realized by pursuing organophosphorus chemistry under the principles of Green Chemistry are highlighted. Methods used by nature, or in the chemistry of other elements such as silicon, are discussed as model processes for the future of phosphorus in chemical synthesis.
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8
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Li G, Nykaza TV, Cooper JC, Ramirez A, Luzung MR, Radosevich AT. An Improved P III/P V═O-Catalyzed Reductive C-N Coupling of Nitroaromatics and Boronic Acids by Mechanistic Differentiation of Rate- and Product-Determining Steps. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6786-6799. [PMID: 32178514 PMCID: PMC7146866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
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Experimental,
spectroscopic, and computational studies are reported
that provide an evidence-based mechanistic description of an intermolecular
reductive C–N coupling of nitroarenes and arylboronic acids
catalyzed by a redox-active main-group catalyst (1,2,2,3,4,4-hexamethylphosphetane P-oxide, i.e., 1·[O]). The central observations
include the following: (1) catalytic reduction of 1·[O]
to PIII phosphetane 1 is kinetically fast
under conditions of catalysis; (2) phosphetane 1 represents
the catalytic resting state as observed by 31P NMR spectroscopy;
(3) there are no long-lived nitroarene partial-reduction intermediates
observable by 15N NMR spectroscopy; (4) the reaction is
sensitive to solvent dielectric, performing best in moderately polar
solvents (viz. cyclopentylmethyl ether); and (5) the reaction is largely
insensitive with respect to common hydrosilane reductants. On the
basis of the foregoing studies, new modified catalytic conditions
are described that expand the reaction scope and provide for mild
temperatures (T ≥ 60 °C), low catalyst
loadings (≥2 mol%), and innocuous terminal reductants (polymethylhydrosiloxane).
DFT calculations define a two-stage deoxygenation sequence for the
reductive C–N coupling. The initial deoxygenation involves
a rate-determining step that consists of a (3+1) cheletropic addition
between the nitroarene substrate and phosphetane 1; energy
decomposition techniques highlight the biphilic character of the phosphetane
in this step. Although kinetically invisible, the second deoxygenation
stage is implicated as the critical C–N product-forming event,
in which a postulated oxazaphosphirane intermediate is diverted from
arylnitrene dissociation toward heterolytic ring opening with the
arylboronic acid; the resulting dipolar intermediate evolves by antiperiplanar
1,2-migration of the organoboron residue to nitrogen, resulting in
displacement of 1·[O] and formation of the target
C–N coupling product upon in situ hydrolysis.
The method thus described constitutes a mechanistically well-defined
and operationally robust main-group complement to the current workhorse
transition-metal-based methods for catalytic intermolecular C–N
coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Trevor V Nykaza
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julian C Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Michael R Luzung
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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9
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Abstract
The P-heterocyclic field forms a special part of organophosphorus chemistry,
and is a special discipline within heterocyclic chemistry. The relevant results accumulated
in the group of the author of this minireview in last 5 years are summarized. After
surveying the conformational situation of cyclic phosphinates, their Microwave
(MW)-assisted direct esterification and the T3P®-promoted esterification are discussed.
The next chapters describe newer results regarding the interpretation and modelling of the
rate enhancing effect of MWs, and on an important, but somewhat neglected field, the
hydrolysis of phosphinates. New results on the ring enlargement of 5-membered
unsaturated P-heterocycles to 6-ring species, as well as on the synthesis of
7-phosphanorbornene derivatives, and their refunctionalization are also included. Novel
findings on the preparation of cyclic amides and imides are also explored. Last but not least, the user-friendly
deoxygenations of cyclic phosphine oxides elaborated by us are shown. The reader will be able to discover
green chemical considerations and accomplishments throughout the series of organophosphorus
transformations reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Longwitz L, Jopp S, Werner T. Organocatalytic Chlorination of Alcohols by P(III)/P(V) Redox Cycling. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7863-7870. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Longwitz
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Jopp
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Werner
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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11
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Longwitz L, Werner T. Recent advances in catalytic Wittig-type reactions based on P(III)/P(V) redox cycling. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Numerous organic transformations are based on the use of stoichiometric amounts of phosphorus reagents. The formation of phosphane oxides from phosphanes is usually the thermodynamic driving force for these reactions. The stoichiometric amounts of phosphane oxide which are formed as by-products often significantly hamper the product purification. Organophosphorus catalysis based on P(III)/P(V) redox cycling aims to address these problems. Herein we present our recent advances in developing catalytic Wittig-type reactions. More specifically, we reported our results on catalytic Wittig reactions based on readily available Bu3P=O as pre-catalyst as well as the first microwave-assisted version of this reaction and the first enantioselective catalytic Wittig reaction utilizing chiral phosphane catalysts. Further developments led to the implementation of catalytic base-free Wittig reactions yielding highly functionalized alkylidene and arylidene succinates.
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12
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Ansari MA, Yadav D, Soni S, Singh MS. Phosphonium ylide catalysis: a divergent diastereoselective approach to synthesize cyclic ketene acetals [thia(zolidines/zinanes)] from β-ketothioamides and dihaloalkanes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9151-9162. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01948k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phosphonium ylides are being reported here as a catalyst for the formation of thiazolidines and 1,3-thiazinanes from β-ketothioamides with dihaloalkanesvia[3 + 2] and [3 + 3] annulations under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monish Arbaz Ansari
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Sonam Soni
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Maya Shankar Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
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13
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Abstract
The hallmark of nucleophilic phosphine catalysis is the initial nucleophilic addition of a phosphine to an electrophilic starting material, producing a reactive zwitterionic intermediate, generally under mild conditions. In this Review, we classify nucleophilic phosphine catalysis reactions in terms of their electrophilic components. In the majority of cases, these electrophiles possess carbon-carbon multiple bonds: alkenes (section 2), allenes (section 3), alkynes (section 4), and Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) alcohol derivatives (MBHADs; section 5). Within each of these sections, the reactions are compiled based on the nature of the second starting material-nucleophiles, dinucleophiles, electrophiles, and electrophile-nucleophiles. Nucleophilic phosphine catalysis reactions that occur via the initial addition to starting materials that do not possess carbon-carbon multiple bonds are collated in section 6. Although not catalytic in the phosphine, the formation of ylides through the nucleophilic addition of phosphines to carbon-carbon multiple bond-containing compounds is intimately related to the catalysis and is discussed in section 7. Finally, section 8 compiles miscellaneous topics, including annulations of the Hüisgen zwitterion, phosphine-mediated reductions, iminophosphorane organocatalysis, and catalytic variants of classical phosphine oxide-generating reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chiao Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
| | - Zhanhu Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
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14
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Zhang K, Cai L, Yang Z, Houk KN, Kwon O. Bridged [2.2.1] bicyclic phosphine oxide facilitates catalytic γ-umpolung addition-Wittig olefination. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1867-1872. [PMID: 29732112 PMCID: PMC5909331 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04381c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bridged [2.2.1] bicyclic phosphine oxide, devised to circumvent the waste generation and burdens of purification that are typical of reactions driven by the generation of phosphine oxides, has been prepared in three steps from commercially available cyclopent-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid. The performance of this novel phosphine oxide was superior to those of current best-in-class counterparts, as verified experimentally through kinetic analysis of its silane-mediated reduction. It has been applied successfully in halide-/base-free catalytic γ-umpolung addition-Wittig olefinations of allenoates and 2-amidobenzaldehydes to produce 1,2-dihydroquinolines with good efficiency. One of the 1,2-dihydroquinoline products was converted to known antitubercular furanoquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Lingchao Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Zhongyue Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
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15
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Jia M, Jiang L, Niu F, Zhang Y, Sun X. A novel and highly efficient esterification process using triphenylphosphine oxide with oxalyl chloride. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171988. [PMID: 29515897 PMCID: PMC5830786 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO) and oxalyl chloride ((COCl)2) are used as novel and high-efficiency coupling reagents for the esterification of alcohols with carboxylic acids via the TPPO/(COCl)2 system at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction represents the first TPPO-promoted esterification under mild and neutral conditions with excellent yields. Furthermore, we proposed a plausible mechanism with the help of 31P NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoling Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 201418, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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16
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Toda Y, Sakamoto T, Komiyama Y, Kikuchi A, Suga H. A Phosphonium Ylide as an Ionic Nucleophilic Catalyst for Primary Hydroxyl Group Selective Acylation of Diols. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Toda
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Sakamoto
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Yutaka Komiyama
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kikuchi
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suga
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
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17
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Kovács T, Urbanics A, Csatlós F, Keglevich G. A study on the deoxygenation of trialkyl-, dialkyl-phenyl- and alkyl-diphenyl phosphine oxides by hydrosilanes. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kovács
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - Anita Urbanics
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - Flóra Csatlós
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
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18
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Tran UPN, Hock KJ, Gordon CP, Koenigs RM, Nguyen TV. Efficient phosphine-mediated formal C(sp3)–C(sp3) coupling reactions of alkyl halides in batch and flow. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4950-4953. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02033c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Wittig-type chemical procedure is adapted to efficiently facilitate alkyl–alkyl coupling reactions in batch and flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. P. N. Tran
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - K. J. Hock
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - C. P. Gordon
- School of Science and Health
- Western Sydney University
- Campelltown
- Australia
| | - R. M. Koenigs
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - T. V. Nguyen
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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19
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Lao Z, Toy PH. Catalytic Wittig and aza-Wittig reactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:2577-2587. [PMID: 28144327 PMCID: PMC5238588 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review surveys the literature regarding the development of catalytic versions of the Wittig and aza-Wittig reactions. The first section summarizes how arsenic and tellurium-based catalytic Wittig-type reaction systems were developed first due to the relatively easy reduction of the oxides involved. This is followed by a presentation of the current state of the art regarding phosphine-catalyzed Wittig reactions. The second section covers the field of related catalytic aza-Wittig reactions that are catalyzed by both phosphine oxides and phosphines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Lao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick H Toy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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20
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Voituriez A, Saleh N. From phosphine-promoted to phosphine-catalyzed reactions by in situ phosphine oxide reduction. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Byrne PA, Karaghiosoff K, Mayr H. Ambident Reactivity of Acetyl- and Formyl-Stabilized Phosphonium Ylides. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11272-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Byrne
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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22
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Byrne PA, Gilheany DG. The Mechanism of Phosphonium Ylide Alcoholysis and Hydrolysis: Concerted Addition of the O−H Bond Across the P=C Bond. Chemistry 2016; 22:9140-54. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Byrne
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology; University College Dublin; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus F) 81377 München Germany
| | - Declan G. Gilheany
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology; University College Dublin; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
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Schirmer ML, Adomeit S, Spannenberg A, Werner T. Novel Base-Free Catalytic Wittig Reaction for the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Alkenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:2458-65. [PMID: 26762186 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient catalyst system for base-free catalytic Wittig reactions has been developed and optimized. Initially, several potential (pre)catalysts as well as different silanes as reducing agents were screened. A system based on a readily available phosphine oxide as precatalyst and trimethoxy silane as reducing agent proved to be optimal. The effect of various Brønsted acidic additives was studied. Subsequently, the reaction conditions were optimized and standard reaction conditions were determined. Under these conditions the scope of this new protocol was evaluated. Nine activated olefins and 33 aldehydes were converted into 42 highly functionalized alkenes. Notably, aromatic, aliphatic as well as heteroaromatic aldehydes could be converted, giving the desired products in isolated yields up to 99 % and with good to excellent E/Z selectivities. These results underline the remarkable efficiency of this protocol considering the complexity of the reaction mixture and the four reaction steps that proceed in parallel in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luis Schirmer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sven Adomeit
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Werner
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
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