1
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Bartalucci E, Schumacher C, Hendrickx L, Puccetti F, d'Anciães Almeida Silva I, Dervişoğlu R, Puttreddy R, Bolm C, Wiegand T. Disentangling the Effect of Pressure and Mixing on a Mechanochemical Bromination Reaction by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203466. [PMID: 36445819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces, including compressive stresses, have a significant impact on chemical reactions. Besides the preparative opportunities, mechanochemical conditions benefit from the absence of any organic solvent, the possibility of a significant synthetic acceleration and unique reaction pathways. Together with an accurate characterization of ball-milling products, the development of a deeper mechanistic understanding of the occurring transformations at a molecular level is critical for fully grasping the potential of organic mechanosynthesis. We herein studied a bromination of a cyclic sulfoximine in a mixer mill and used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for structural characterization of the reaction products. Magic-angle spinning (MAS) was applied for elucidating the product mixtures taken from the milling jar without introducing any further post-processing on the sample. Ex situ 13 C-detected NMR spectra of ball-milling products showed the formation of a crystalline solid phase with the regioselective bromination of the S-aryl group of the heterocycle in position 4. Completion is reached in less than 30 minutes as deduced from the NMR spectra. The bromination can also be achieved by magnetic stirring, but then, a longer reaction time is required. Mixing the solid educts in the NMR rotor allows to get in situ insights into the reaction and enables the detection of a reaction intermediate. The pressure alone induced in the rotor by MAS is not sufficient to lead to full conversion and the reaction occurs on slower time scales than in the ball mill, which is crucial for analysing mixtures taken from the milling jar by solid-state NMR. Our data suggest that on top of centrifugal forces, an efficient mixing of the starting materials is required for reaching a complete reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Bartalucci
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christian Schumacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leeroy Hendrickx
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesco Puccetti
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rıza Dervişoğlu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry P. O. Box. 35, Survontie 9B, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiegand
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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2
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A Mechanochemical, Catalyst‐Free Cascade Synthesis of 1,3‐Diols and 1,4‐Iodoalcohols Using Styrenes and Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207926. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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3
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Pan L, Zheng L, Chen Y, Ke Z, Yeung YY. Mechanochemical and Catalyst‐Free Cascade Synthesis of 1,3‐Diols and 1,4‐Iodoalcohols Using Styrenes and Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Pan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Long Zheng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Ye Chen
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Zhihai Ke
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen School of Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Chemistry Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China 000000 Hong Kong HONG KONG
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4
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Štrukil V, Margetić D. Mechanochemistry in Heterocyclic Synthesis. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527832002.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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Nicholson WI, Howard JL, Magri G, Seastram AC, Khan A, Bolt RRA, Morrill LC, Richards E, Browne DL. Ball-Milling-Enabled Reactivity of Manganese Metal*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23128-23133. [PMID: 34405513 PMCID: PMC8596600 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to generate organomanganese reagents under ball-milling conditions have led to the serendipitous discovery that manganese metal can mediate the reductive dimerization of arylidene malonates. The newly uncovered process has been optimized and its mechanism explored using CV measurements, radical trapping experiments, EPR spectroscopy, and solution control reactions. This unique reactivity can also be translated to solution whereupon pre-milling of the manganese is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph L. Howard
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Giuseppina Magri
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Alex C. Seastram
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Adam Khan
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Robert R. A. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29–39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Emma Richards
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29–39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
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6
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Nicholson WI, Howard JL, Magri G, Seastram AC, Khan A, Bolt RRA, Morrill LC, Richards E, Browne DL. Ball‐Milling‐Enabled Reactivity of Manganese Metal**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William I. Nicholson
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Joseph L. Howard
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Giuseppina Magri
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Alex C. Seastram
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Adam Khan
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Robert R. A. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Emma Richards
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square London WC1N 1AX UK
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Schumacher C, Molitor C, Smid S, Truong KN, Rissanen K, Bolm C. Mechanochemical Syntheses of N-Containing Heterocycles with TosMIC. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14213-14222. [PMID: 34405999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A mechanochemical van Leusen pyrrole synthesis with a base leads to 3,4-disubstitued pyrroles in moderate to excellent yields. The developed protocol is compatible with a range of electron-withdrawing groups and can also be applied to the synthesis of oxazoles. Attempts to mechanochemically convert the resulting pyrroles into porphyrins proved to be difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schumacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Claude Molitor
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Smid
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Khai-Nghi Truong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, Survontie 9 B, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, Survontie 9 B, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Madivalappa Davanagere P, Maiti B. 1,3-Bis(carboxymethyl)imidazolium Chloride as a Sustainable, Recyclable, and Metal-Free Ionic Catalyst for the Biginelli Multicomponent Reaction in Neat Condition. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26035-26047. [PMID: 34660965 PMCID: PMC8515400 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple and novel methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 1,3-bis(carboxymethyl)imidazolium chloride [BCMIM][Cl] salt. The ionic salt [BCMIM][Cl] catalyzed the reaction among arylaldehydes; the substituted 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and urea/thiourea at 80 °C with 5 mol % under neat condition provided the substituted dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one/thiones in the synthesis step with yields of up to 96%. In addition, we synthesized the commercially available drug Monastrol by employing this methodology. The new synthesis method employs the benefits of a broad substrate scope, short reaction time, and high atom economy along with low catalyst loading in neat conditions, and is devoid of chromatographic purification. The ionic salt [BCMIM][Cl] was recycled and reused up to six cycles without substantial damage of its catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barnali Maiti
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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9
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Dayaker G, Tan D, Biggins N, Shelam A, Do JL, Katsenis AD, Friščić T. Catalytic Room-Temperature C-N Coupling of Amides and Isocyanates by Using Mechanochemistry. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2966-2972. [PMID: 32222112 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A mechanochemical route is developed for room-temperature and solvent-free derivatization of different types of amides into carbamoyl isatins (up to 96 % conversion or yield), benzamides (up to 81 % yield), and imides (up to 92 % yield). In solution, this copper-catalyzed coupling either does not take place or requires high temperatures at which it may also be competing with alternative thermal reactivity, highlighting the beneficial role of mechanochemistry for this reaction. Such behavior resembles the previously investigated coupling with sulfonamide substrates, suggesting that this type of C-N coupling is an example of a mechanochemically favored reaction, for which mechanochemistry appears to be a favored environment over solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandrath Dayaker
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Naomi Biggins
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Asha Shelam
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Do
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Athanassios D Katsenis
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CCVC/CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke St. W., H31 0B8, Montreal, Canada
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10
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Le Pham NS, Shin H, Kang JY, Sohn JH. Oxidative Dehydrosulfurative Cross-Coupling of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidine-2-thiones with Alkynes for Access to 2-Alkynylpyrimidines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5087-5096. [PMID: 32159960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A reaction method is described for the one-step synthesis of 2-alkynylpyrimidines from 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1H-2-thiones (DHPMs) via dehydrosulfurative Sonogashira cross-coupling with concomitant oxidative dehydrogenation using a Pd/Cu catalytic system. Together with the ready availability of DHPMs possessing various substituents at the C4-C6 positions, this transformation offers rapid and general access to diverse 2-alkynylpyrimidine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Son Le Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunik Shin
- Yonsung Fine Chemicals R&D Center, Suwon 16675, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 South Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
| | - Jeong-Hun Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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11
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Libanov V, Kapustina A, Shapkin N, Dmitrinok P, Puzyrkov Z. Mechanochemical synthesis of polyboronphenylsiloxanes. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
- Laboratoire SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068 Université de Toulouse UPS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Cristina Mottillo
- Department of Chemistry McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Hatem M. Titi
- Department of Chemistry McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
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13
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Friščić T, Mottillo C, Titi HM. Mechanochemistry for Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1018-1029. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
- Laboratoire SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068 Université de Toulouse UPS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Cristina Mottillo
- Department of Chemistry McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Hatem M. Titi
- Department of Chemistry McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
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Porcheddu A, Delogu F, De Luca L, Fattuoni C, Colacino E. Metal-free mechanochemical oxidations in Ertalyte ® jars. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1786-1794. [PMID: 31435450 PMCID: PMC6664414 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aimed at eliminating or at least significantly reducing the use of solvents, sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals (NaOCl·5H2O) in the presence of a catalytic amount of a nitrosyl radical (TEMPO or AZADO) have been successfully used to induce mechanochemical oxidative processes on several structurally different primary and secondary alcohols. The proposed redox process is safe, inexpensive and performing effectively, especially on the macroscale. Herein, an Ertalyte® jar has been successfully used, for the first time, in a mechanochemical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Porcheddu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca), Italy
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lidia De Luca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100-Sassari, Italy
| | - Claudia Fattuoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca), Italy
| | - Evelina Colacino
- Université de Montpellier & Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253 CNRS – UM – ENSCM, 8 Rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
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15
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Bose A, Mal P. Mechanochemistry of supramolecules. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:881-900. [PMID: 31019581 PMCID: PMC6466741 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The urge to use alternative energy sources has gained significant attention in the eye of chemists in recent years. Solution-based traditional syntheses are extremely useful, although they are often associated with certain disadvantages like generation of waste as by-products, use of large quantities of solvents which causes environmental hazard, etc. Contrastingly, achieving syntheses through mechanochemical methods are generally time-saving, environmentally friendly and more economical. This review is written to shed some light on supramolecular chemistry and the synthesis of various supramolecules through mechanochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anima Bose
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
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El-Sayed TH, Aboelnaga A, El-Atawy MA, Hagar M. Ball Milling Promoted N-Heterocycles Synthesis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061348. [PMID: 29867039 PMCID: PMC6100593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last years, numerous protocols have been published using ball milling for organic synthesis. Compared to other methods such as microwave or ultrasound irradiation and ionic liquids, ball mill chemistry is an economical, and ecofriendly method in organic synthesis that is rather underrepresented in the knowledge of organic chemists. The aim of this review is to explore the advantages of the application of ball milling in synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghreed H El-Sayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Aboelnaga
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Hagar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
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17
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Leonardi M, Villacampa M, Menéndez JC. Multicomponent mechanochemical synthesis. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2042-2064. [PMID: 29732114 PMCID: PMC5909673 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05370c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, the use of mechanochemical methods in synthesis has been almost negligible, but their perception by the synthetic community has changed in recent years and they are on their way to becoming mainstream. However, the hybridization of mechanochemical synthesis with methodologies designed to increase synthetic efficiency by allowing the generation of several bonds in a single operation has taken off only recently, but it already constitutes a very promising approach to sustainable chemistry. In this context, we provide in this Perspective a critical summary and discussion of the main known synthetic methods based on mechanochemical multicomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Leonardi
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica , Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas , Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid , Spain .
| | - Mercedes Villacampa
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica , Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas , Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid , Spain .
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica , Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas , Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid , Spain .
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18
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5-Acetyl-6-methyl-4-aryl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1 H )-ones: As potent urease inhibitors; synthesis, in vitro screening, and molecular modeling study. Bioorg Chem 2018; 76:37-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Tan D, Loots L, Friščić T. Towards medicinal mechanochemistry: evolution of milling from pharmaceutical solid form screening to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:7760-81. [PMID: 27185190 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This overview highlights the emergent area of mechanochemical reactions for making active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and covers the latest advances in the recently established area of mechanochemical screening and synthesis of pharmaceutical solid forms, specifically polymorphs, cocrystals, salts and salt cocrystals. We also provide an overview of the most recent developments in pharmaceutical uses of mechanochemistry, including real-time reaction monitoring, techniques for polymorph control and approaches for continuous manufacture using twin screw extrusion, and more. Most importantly, we show how the overlap of previously unrelated areas of mechanochemical screening for API solid forms, organic synthesis by milling, and mechanochemical screening for molecular recognition, enables the emergence of a new research discipline in which different aspects of pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry are addressed through mechanochemistry rather than through conventional solution-based routes. The emergence of such medicinal mechanochemistry is likely to have a strong impact on future pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry, as it offers not only access to materials and reactivity that are sometimes difficult or even impossible to access from solution, but can also provide a general answer to the demands of the pharmaceutical industry for cleaner, safer and efficient synthetic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Leigh Loots
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
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20
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Bhutia ZT, Das A, Biswas M, Chatterjee A, Banerjee M. 7-Oxa-4-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane 4,4-Dioxides: Mechanochemical Synthesis by Tandem Michael Addition-1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Aldoximes and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activities. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Avijit Das
- Department of Biological Sciences; BITS; Goa Campus 403726 Pilani India
| | - Malabika Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences; BITS; Goa Campus 403726 Pilani India
| | | | - Mainak Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry; BITS; Goa Campus 403726 Pilani India
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21
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Pawłowski R, Zaorska E, Staszko S, Szadkowska A. Copper(I)-catalyzed multicomponent reactions in sustainable media. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pawłowski
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre; Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw; Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ewelina Zaorska
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre; Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw; Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Sebastian Staszko
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre; Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw; Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Anna Szadkowska
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre; Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw; Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
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22
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Sim Y, Tan D, Ganguly R, Li Y, García F. Orthogonality in main group compounds: a direct one-step synthesis of air- and moisture-stable cyclophosphazanes by mechanochemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01043a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry has been established to be an environmentally-friendly way of conducting reactions in a solvent-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sim
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Davin Tan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Felipe García
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
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23
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Mocci R, Murgia S, De Luca L, Colacino E, Delogu F, Porcheddu A. Ball-milling and cheap reagents breathe green life into the one hundred-year-old Hofmann reaction. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo01006k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A very efficient mechanically activated synthesis of isocyanides directly from primary amines and without extra-solvent addition has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Mocci
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- 09042 Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- 09042 Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Lidia De Luca
- Università degli Studi di Sassari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia
- 07100 Sassari
- Italy
| | - Evelina Colacino
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- 09042 Monserrato
- Italy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica
- Chimica
- e dei Materiali
- Cagliari
| | - Andrea Porcheddu
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- 09042 Monserrato
- Italy
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
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25
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Porcheddu A, Colacino E, Cravotto G, Delogu F, De Luca L. Mechanically induced oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones in ambient air: Revisiting TEMPO-assisted oxidations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2049-2055. [PMID: 29062426 PMCID: PMC5647725 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work addresses the development of an eco-friendly and cost-efficient protocol for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones by mechanical processing under air. Ball milling was shown to promote the quantitative conversion of a broad set of alcohols into carbonyl compounds with no trace of an over-oxidation to carboxylic acids. The mechanochemical reaction exhibited higher yields and rates than the classical, homogeneous, TEMPO-based oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Porcheddu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 bivio per Sestu, 09028 Monserrato (Ca), Italy
| | - Evelina Colacino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554 bivio per Sestu, 09028 Monserrato (Ca), Italy.,Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR5247 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, cc1703, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria, 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, via Marengo 3, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lidia De Luca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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26
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Fu R, Yang Y, Ma X, Sun Y, Li J, Gao H, Hu H, Zeng X, Yi J. An Efficient, Eco-friendly and Sustainable One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones Directly from Alcohols Catalyzed by Heteropolyanion-Based Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2017; 22:E1531. [PMID: 28891992 PMCID: PMC6151647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient, eco-friendly and sustainable access to 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones directly from alcohols under microwave and solvent-free conditions has been reported. The practical protocol involves heteropolyanion-based catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes with NaNO₃ as the oxidant followed by cyclocondensation with dicarbonyl compounds and urea or thiourea in a two-step, one-pot manner. Compatibility with different functional groups, good to excellent yields and reusable catalysts are the main highlights. The utilization of alcohols instead of aldehydes is a valid and green alternative to the classical Biginelli reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhong Fu
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Xudong Ma
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Hang Gao
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Huaxing Hu
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Jun Yi
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
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27
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Achar TK, Bose A, Mal P. Mechanochemical synthesis of small organic molecules. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1907-1931. [PMID: 29062410 PMCID: PMC5629380 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing interest in renewable energy and global warming, it is important to minimize the usage of hazardous chemicals in both academic and industrial research, elimination of waste, and possibly recycle them to obtain better results in greener fashion. The studies under the area of mechanochemistry which cover the grinding chemistry to ball milling, sonication, etc. are certainly of interest to the researchers working on the development of green methodologies. In this review, a collection of examples on recent developments in organic bond formation reactions like carbon–carbon (C–C), carbon–nitrogen (C–N), carbon–oxygen (C–O), carbon–halogen (C–X), etc. is documented. Mechanochemical syntheses of heterocyclic rings, multicomponent reactions and organometallic molecules including their catalytic applications are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Kumar Achar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Anima Bose
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
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28
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Maleki A, Zand P, Mohseni Z. Green Nanospheres Natural Camphor Coated Ferrite as a Highly Efficient Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidine Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Iran University of Science and Technology; Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Pedram Zand
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Iran University of Science and Technology; Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Zahra Mohseni
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Iran University of Science and Technology; Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
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29
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Solvent-Free Biginelli Reactions Catalyzed by Hierarchical Zeolite Utilizing a Ball Mill Technique: A Green Sustainable Process. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7030084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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30
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Bhutia ZT, Prasannakumar G, Das A, Biswas M, Chatterjee A, Banerjee M. A Facile, Catalyst-Free Mechano-Synthesis of Quinoxalines and their In-Vitro Antibacterial Activity Study. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zigmee T. Bhutia
- Department of Chemistry, BITS; Pilani-K. K. Birla; Goa Campus; Goa - 403726 India
| | | | - Avijit Das
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS; Pilani-K. K. Birla; Goa Campus; Goa - 403 726 India
| | - Malabika Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS; Pilani-K. K. Birla; Goa Campus; Goa - 403 726 India
| | - Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, BITS; Pilani-K. K. Birla; Goa Campus; Goa - 403726 India
| | - Mainak Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, BITS; Pilani-K. K. Birla; Goa Campus; Goa - 403726 India
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- José G. Hernández
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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32
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Green High-Yielding One-Pot Approach to Biginelli Reaction under Catalyst-Free and Solvent-Free Ball Milling Conditions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6120431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Giorgi PD, Miedziak PJ, Edwards JK, Hutchings GJ, Antoniotti S. Bicatalytic Multistep Reactions En Route to the One-Pot Total Synthesis of Complex Molecules: Easy Access to Chromene and 1,2-Dihydroquinoline Derivatives from Simple Substrates. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal D. Giorgi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Parc Valrose; 06108 Nice cedex 2 France
| | - Peter J. Miedziak
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Jennifer K. Edwards
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Sylvain Antoniotti
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Parc Valrose; 06108 Nice cedex 2 France
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34
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Hernández JG, Turberg M, Schiffers I, Bolm C. Mechanochemical Strecker Reaction: Access to α-Aminonitriles and Tetrahydroisoquinolines under Ball-Milling Conditions. Chemistry 2016; 22:14513-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José G. Hernández
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Mathias Turberg
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Ingo Schiffers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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35
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Hernández JG, Frings M, Bolm C. Mechanochemical Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Alcohols under Ball-Milling Conditions. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José G. Hernández
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Marcus Frings
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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36
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Estévez V, Sridharan V, Sabaté S, Villacampa M, Menéndez JC. Three-Component Synthesis of Pyrrole-Related Nitrogen Heterocycles by a Hantzsch-Type Process: Comparison between Conventional and High-Speed Vibration Milling Conditions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Estévez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s.n. 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Departmento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s.n. 28040 Madrid Spain
- Department of Chemistry; School of Chemical and Biotechnology; SASTRA University; Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sònia Sabaté
- Departmento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s.n. 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Mercedes Villacampa
- Departmento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s.n. 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - J. Carlos Menéndez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s.n. 28040 Madrid Spain
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37
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Sahoo PK, Giri C, Haldar TS, Puttreddy R, Rissanen K, Mal P. Mechanochemical Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and X-ray Structures of N-Heteroacenes. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Polindara-García LA, Juaristi E. Synthesis of Ugi 4-CR and Passerini 3-CR Adducts under Mechanochemical Activation. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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39
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Maleki A, Zand P, Mohseni Z. Fe3O4@PEG-SO3H rod-like morphology along with the spherical nanoparticles: novel green nanocomposite design, preparation, characterization and catalytic application. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new heterogeneous nanocatalyst was successfully synthesized, completely characterized and efficiently applied in the synthesis of dihydropyrimidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran 16846-13114
- Iran
| | - Pedram Zand
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran 16846-13114
- Iran
| | - Zahra Mohseni
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran 16846-13114
- Iran
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