1
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McNeill F, Twamley B, Guiry PJ. Asymmetric Synthesis of Quaternary α-Aryl Stereocentres in Benzofuran-3(2H)-Ones Using Decarboxylative Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401738. [PMID: 38752722 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The Pd-catalysed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation (DAAA) has been applied to the enantioselective synthesis of sterically hindered benzofuran-3(2H)-one-derived α-aryl-β-keto esters employing the (R,R)-ANDEN phenyl Trost ligand. A range of substrates were synthesised, employing previously developed aryllead triacetate methodology to install various aryl groups. The resulting α-aryl-α-allyl benzofuran-3(2H)-one DAAA products were obtained in moderate to high yields and in enantioselectivities of up to 96 % ee, with the best results observed for substrates containing a di-ortho-substitution pattern on the aryl ring as well as naphthyl-containing substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionn McNeill
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Patrick J Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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2
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Peron G, Mastinu A, Peña-Corona SI, Hernández-Parra H, Leyva-Gómez G, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J. Silvestrol, a potent anticancer agent with unfavourable pharmacokinetics: Current knowledge on its pharmacological properties and future directions for the development of novel drugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117047. [PMID: 38959604 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death, with increasing incidence. Conventional treatments offer limited efficacy and cause significant side effects, hence novel drugs with improved pharmacological properties and safety are required. Silvestrol (SLV) is a flavagline derived from some plants of the Aglaia genus that has shown potent anticancer effects, warranting further study. Despite its efficacy in inhibiting the growth of several types of cancer cells, SLV is characterized by an unfavorable pharmacokinetics that hamper its use as a drug. A consistent research over the recent years has led to develop novel SLV derivatives with comparable pharmacodynamics and an ameliorated pharmacokinetic profile, demonstrating potential applications in the clinical management of cancer. This comprehensive review aims to highlight the most recent data available on SLV and its synthetic derivatives, addressing their pharmacological profile and therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. A systematic literature review of both in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on anticancer effects, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of these compounds is presented. Overall, literature data highlight that rationale chemical modifications of SLV are critical for the development of novel drugs with high efficacy on a broad variety of cancers and improved bioavailability in vivo. Nevertheless, SLV analogues need to be further studied to better understand their mechanisms of action, which can be partially different to SLV. Furthermore, clinical research is still required to assess their efficacy in humans and their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Peron
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia 25123, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hector Hernández-Parra
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova 200349, Romania.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Centro de Estudios Tenológicos y Universitarios del Golfo, Veracruz, Mexico.
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3
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Ryckaert B, Hullaert J, Van Hecke K, Winne JM. Dithioallyl Cations in Stereoselective Dearomative (3 + 2) Cycloadditions of Benzofurans: Mechanism and Synthetic Applications. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14504-14514. [PMID: 37812456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A stereoselective dearomative cyclopentannulation of benzofurans is reported. A previously reported dearomative (3 + 2) cycloaddition of indoles with 1,4-dithiane-fused allyl cations was found to lack stereoselectivity when more substituted cyclopentene rings are targeted. However, for benzofuran substrates, excellent levels of stereoselectivity were observed for the same allyl cation reagents under very similar reaction conditions. In this full account, we provide a mechanistic rationale and some design principles that govern the stereoselectivity of the intriguing dearomative transformations using dithioallyl cations and demonstrate how the stereoselectivity depends on electronic factors of the starting materials. The stereoselective methodology is also applied in a straightforward dearomative synthesis of the tricyclic sesquiterpenoid natural product aplysin and its analogues, starting from a simple benzofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Ryckaert
- OS Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Jan Hullaert
- OS Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Johan M Winne
- OS Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
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4
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Stereodivergent total synthesis of rocaglaol initiated by synergistic dual-metal-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of benzofuran-3(2H)-one. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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5
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Greger H. Comparative phytochemistry of flavaglines (= rocaglamides), a group of highly bioactive flavolignans from Aglaia species (Meliaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 21:725-764. [PMID: 34104125 PMCID: PMC8176878 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavaglines are formed by cycloaddition of a flavonoid nucleus with a cinnamic acid moiety representing a typical chemical character of the genus Aglaia of the family Meliaceae. Based on biosynthetic considerations 148 derivatives are grouped together into three skeletal types representing 77 cyclopenta[b]benzofurans, 61 cyclopenta[bc]benzopyrans, and 10 benzo[b]oxepines. Apart from different hydroxy, methoxy, and methylenedioxy groups of the aromatic rings, important structural variation is created by different substitutions and stereochemistries of the central cyclopentane ring. Putrescine-derived bisamides constitute important building blocks occurring as cyclic 2-aminopyrrolidines or in an open-chained form, and are involved in the formation of pyrimidinone flavaglines. Regarding the central role of cinnamic acid in the formation of the basic skeleton, rocagloic acid represents a biosynthetic precursor from which aglafoline- and rocaglamide-type cyclopentabenzofurans can be derived, while those of the rocaglaol-type are the result of decarboxylation. Broad-based comparison revealed characteristic substitution trends which contribute as chemical markers to natural delimitation and grouping of taxonomically problematic Aglaia species. A wide variety of biological activities ranges from insecticidal, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and anti-inflammatory properties, especially to pronounced anticancer and antiviral activities. The high insecticidal activity of flavaglines is comparable with that of the well-known natural insecticide azadirachtin. Comparative feeding experiments informed about structure-activity relationships and exhibited different substitutions of the cyclopentane ring essential for insecticidal activity. Parallel studies on the antiproliferative activity of flavaglines in various tumor cell lines revealed similar structural prerequisites that let expect corresponding molecular mechanisms. An important structural modification with very high cytotoxic potency was found in the benzofuran silvestrol characterized by an unusual dioxanyloxy subunit. It possessed comparable cytotoxicity to that of the natural anticancer compounds paclitaxel (Taxol®) and camptothecin without effecting normal cells. The primary effect was the inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to the translation initiation factor eIF4A, an ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase. Flavaglines were also shown to bind to prohibitins (PHB) responsible for regulation of important signaling pathways, and to inhibit the transcriptional factor HSF1 deeply involved in metabolic programming, survival, and proliferation of cancer cells. Flavaglines were shown to be not only promising anticancer agents but gained now also high expectations as agents against emerging RNA viruses like SARS-CoV-2. Targeting the helicase eIF4A with flavaglines was recently described as pan-viral strategy for minimizing the impact of future RNA virus pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Greger
- Chemodiversity Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria
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6
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Agarwal G, Chang LS, Soejarto DD, Kinghorn AD. Update on Phytochemical and Biological Studies on Rocaglate Derivatives from Aglaia Species. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:937-948. [PMID: 33784769 PMCID: PMC8481333 DOI: 10.1055/a-1401-9562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
With about 120 species, Aglaia is one of the largest genera of the plant family Meliaceae (the mahogany plants). It is native to the tropical rainforests of the Indo-Australian region, ranging from India and Sri Lanka eastward to Polynesia and Micronesia. Various Aglaia species have been investigated since the 1960s for their phytochemical constituents and biological properties, with the cyclopenta[b]benzofurans (rocaglates or flavaglines) being of particular interest. Phytochemists, medicinal chemists, and biologists have conducted extensive research in establishing these secondary metabolites as potential lead compounds with antineoplastic and antiviral effects, among others. The varied biological properties of rocaglates can be attributed to their unusual structures and their ability to act as inhibitors of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), affecting protein translation. The present review provides an update on the recently reported phytochemical constituents of Aglaia species, focusing on rocaglate derivatives. Furthermore, laboratory work performed on investigating the biological activities of these chemical constituents is also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Agarwal
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Long-Sheng Chang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Djaja Doel Soejarto
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Science and Education, Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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7
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1-Aminomethyl SAR in a novel series of flavagline-inspired eIF4A inhibitors: Effects of amine substitution on cell potency and in vitro PK properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 47:128111. [PMID: 34353608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavaglines such as silvestrol (1) and rocaglamide (2) constitute an interesting class of natural products with promising anticancer activities. Their mode of action is based on inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) dependent translation through formation of a stable ternary complex with eIF4A and mRNA, thus blocking ribosome scanning. Herein we describe initial SAR studies in a novel series of 1-aminomethyl substituted flavagline-inspired eIF4A inhibitors. We discovered that a variety of N-substitutions at the 1-aminomethyl group are tolerated, making this position pertinent for property and ADME profile tuning. The findings presented herein are relevant to future drug design efforts towards novel eIF4A inhibitors with drug-like properties.
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8
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Kamlar M, Henriksson E, Císařová I, Malo M, Sundén H. Synthesis of cis-Oriented Vicinal Diphenylethylenes through a Lewis Acid-Promoted Annulation of Oxotriphenylhexanoates. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8660-8671. [PMID: 34138578 PMCID: PMC8279482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the synthesis of cyclic cis-vicinal phenyl ethylenes from oxotriphenylhexanoates. The reaction is a BBr3-promoted cyclization of 1,6-ketoesters (1) to five-membered diketo compounds (2). The synthesis is interesting as it constitutes one of the few examples of modular stereoselective synthesis of structures with a cis-oriented vicinal diphenylethylene. The core structure of 2 can be smoothly derivatized, which makes it a promising synthetic building block for further stereoselective synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kamlar
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Elin Henriksson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Marcus Malo
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Kemivägen 10, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Sundén
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.,University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Kemivägen 10, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Abstract
Inhibiting eukaryotic protein translation with small molecules is emerging as a powerful therapeutic strategy. The advantage of targeting cellular translational machinery is that it is required for the highly proliferative state of many neoplastic cells, replication of certain viruses, and ultimately the expression of a wide variety of protein targets. Although, this approach has been exploited to develop clinical agents, such as homoharringtonine (HHT, 1), used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), inhibiting components of the translational machinery is often associated with cytotoxic phenotypes. However, recent studies have demonstrated that certain small molecules can inhibit the translation of specific subsets of proteins, leading to lower cytotoxicity, and opening-up therapeutic opportunities for translation inhibitors to be deployed in indications beyond oncology and infectious disease. This review summarizes efforts to develop inhibitors of the eukaryotic translational machinery as therapeutic agents and highlights emerging opportunities for translation inhibitors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Fan
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Phillip P Sharp
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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10
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Wang D, Tabti R, Elderwish S, Djehal A, Chouha N, Pinot F, Yu P, Nebigil CG, Désaubry L. SFPH proteins as therapeutic targets for a myriad of diseases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127600. [PMID: 33035678 PMCID: PMC7536521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The stomatin/prohibitin/flotillin/HflK/HflC (SPFH) domain is present in an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins that regulate a myriad of signaling pathways in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes. The most studied SPFH proteins, prohibitins, have already been targeted by different families of small molecules to induce anticancer, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antiosteoporotic activities. Ligands of other SPFH proteins have also been identified and shown to act as anesthetics, anti-allodynia, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory agents. These findings indicate that modulators of human or bacterial SPFH proteins can be developed to treat a wide variety of human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Redouane Tabti
- INSERM-University of Strasbourg, Regenerative Nanomedicine Laboratory (UMR1260), Faculty of Medicine, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sabria Elderwish
- INSERM-University of Strasbourg, Regenerative Nanomedicine Laboratory (UMR1260), Faculty of Medicine, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amel Djehal
- Superior National School Biotechnology Taoufik Khaznadar, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Nora Chouha
- University of Batna 2, Faculty of Biology, Batna, Algeria
| | - Franck Pinot
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMP UPR 2357, Strasbourg, France
| | - Peng Yu
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Canan G Nebigil
- INSERM-University of Strasbourg, Regenerative Nanomedicine Laboratory (UMR1260), Faculty of Medicine, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China; INSERM-University of Strasbourg, Regenerative Nanomedicine Laboratory (UMR1260), Faculty of Medicine, FMTS, Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Wang D, Tabti R, Elderwish S, Abou-Hamdan H, Djehal A, Yu P, Yurugi H, Rajalingam K, Nebigil CG, Désaubry L. Prohibitin ligands: a growing armamentarium to tackle cancers, osteoporosis, inflammatory, cardiac and neurological diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3525-3546. [PMID: 32062751 PMCID: PMC11104971 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03475-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, the scaffold proteins prohibitins-1 and -2 (PHB1/2) have emerged as key signaling proteins regulating a myriad of signaling pathways in health and diseases. Small molecules targeting PHBs display promising effects against cancers, osteoporosis, inflammatory, cardiac and neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides an updated overview of the various classes of PHB ligands, with an emphasis on their mechanism of action and therapeutic potential. We also describe how these ligands have been used to explore PHB signaling in different physiological and pathological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Redouane Tabti
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sabria Elderwish
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hussein Abou-Hamdan
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amel Djehal
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
- Superior National School Biotechnology Taoufik Khaznadar, Ville universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Peng Yu
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hajime Yurugi
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Canan G Nebigil
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France.
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12
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Nilewski C, Michels TD, Xiang AX, Packard GK, Sprengeler PA, Eam B, Fish S, Thompson PA, Wegerski CJ, Ernst JT, Reich SH. Strategic Diastereoselective C1 Functionalization in the Aza-Rocaglamide Scaffold toward Natural Product-Inspired eIF4A Inhibitors. Org Lett 2020; 22:6257-6261. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nilewski
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Theodore D. Michels
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Alan X. Xiang
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Garrick K. Packard
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Paul A. Sprengeler
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Boreth Eam
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Sarah Fish
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Peggy A. Thompson
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Christopher J. Wegerski
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Justin T. Ernst
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Siegfried H. Reich
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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13
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Cao MY, Ma BJ, Lao ZQ, Wang H, Wang J, Liu J, Xing K, Huang YH, Gan KJ, Gao W, Wang H, Hong X, Lu HH. Optically Active Flavaglines-Inspired Molecules by a Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Dearomative Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12039-12045. [PMID: 32584568 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
With the aid of a class of newly discovered Trost-type bisphosphine ligands bearing a chiral cycloalkane framework, the Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative dearomative asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) of benzofurans was achieved with high efficiency [0.2-1.0 mol% Pd2(dba)3/L], good generality, and high enantioselectivity (>30 examples, 82-99% yield and 90-96% ee). Moreover, a diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) of previously unreachable flavaglines is disclosed. It features a reliable and scalable sequence of the freshly developed Tsuji-Trost-Stoltz AAA, a Wacker-Grubbs-Stoltz oxidation, an intra-benzoin condensation, and a conjugate addition, which allows the efficient construction of the challenging and compact cyclopenta[b]benzofuran scaffold with contiguous stereocenters. This strategy offers a new avenue for developing flavagline-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bin-Jie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Lao
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kuan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yu-Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Kang-Ji Gan
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Huaimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hai-Hua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.,Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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14
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Ernst JT, Thompson PA, Nilewski C, Sprengeler PA, Sperry S, Packard G, Michels T, Xiang A, Tran C, Wegerski CJ, Eam B, Young NP, Fish S, Chen J, Howard H, Staunton J, Molter J, Clarine J, Nevarez A, Chiang GG, Appleman JR, Webster KR, Reich SH. Design of Development Candidate eFT226, a First in Class Inhibitor of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4A RNA Helicase. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5879-5955. [PMID: 32470302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of protein translation is a key driver for the pathogenesis of many cancers. Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), an ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase, is a critical component of the eIF4F complex, which regulates cap-dependent protein synthesis. The flavagline class of natural products (i.e., rocaglamide A) has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by stabilizing a translation-incompetent complex for select messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with eIF4A. Despite showing promising anticancer phenotypes, the development of flavagline derivatives as therapeutic agents has been hampered because of poor drug-like properties as well as synthetic complexity. A focused effort was undertaken utilizing a ligand-based design strategy to identify a chemotype with optimized physicochemical properties. Also, detailed mechanistic studies were undertaken to further elucidate mRNA sequence selectivity, key regulated target genes, and the associated antitumor phenotype. This work led to the design of eFT226 (Zotatifin), a compound with excellent physicochemical properties and significant antitumor activity that supports clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Ernst
- Inception Therapeutics, 6175 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Peggy A Thompson
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Christian Nilewski
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Paul A Sprengeler
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Samuel Sperry
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Garrick Packard
- Inception Therapeutics, 6175 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Theodore Michels
- GossamerBio., 3013 Science Park Road, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Alan Xiang
- WuXi AppTec, 6114 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Chinh Tran
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - Boreth Eam
- Calporta Therapeutics, 11099 North Torrey Poines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nathan P Young
- Casma Therapeutics, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, California 02139, United States
| | - Sarah Fish
- Plexium, Inc., 11585 Sorrento Valley Rd., San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Joan Chen
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Haleigh Howard
- Providence Portland Medical Center, 4805 NE Glisan Street, Portland, Oregon 97213, United States
| | - Jocelyn Staunton
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jolene Molter
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jeff Clarine
- GossamerBio., 3013 Science Park Road, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Andres Nevarez
- Escient Pharmaceuticals, 10578 Science Center Dr., San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Gary G Chiang
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jim R Appleman
- Primmune Therapeutics, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Kevin R Webster
- Frontier Medicines Corp., 151 Oyster Point Blvd., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Siegfried H Reich
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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15
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Abrams DJ, Davies HML, Sorensen EJ. Donor-Acceptor-Acceptor 1,3-Bisdiazo Compounds: An Exploration of Synthesis and Stepwise Reactivity. Org Lett 2020; 22:1791-1795. [PMID: 32105078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metal carbenes, derived from the decomposition of diazo compounds, are valued for their capacity to perform a variety of transformations. A unique class of acyclic, bis-diazo compounds, the donor-acceptor-acceptor 1,3-bisdiazo compounds, are described herein. These compounds are available from acyclic β-keto esters and especially reactive at the donor-acceptor diazo unit. These bisdiazo compounds react smoothly with rhodium acetate and alcohols to give monodiazo, cyclic orthoesters, presumably through the capture of a transient oxonium ylide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Abrams
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Erik J Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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16
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Chu J, Zhang W, Cencic R, Devine WG, Beglov D, Henkel T, Brown LE, Vajda S, Porco JA, Pelletier J. Amidino-Rocaglates: A Potent Class of eIF4A Inhibitors. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1586-1593.e3. [PMID: 31519508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rocaglates share a common cyclopenta[b]benzofuran core that inhibits eukaryotic translation initiation by modifying the behavior of the RNA helicase, eIF4A. Working as interfacial inhibitors, rocaglates stabilize the association between eIF4A and RNA, which can lead to the formation of steric barriers that block initiating ribosomes. There is significant interest in the development and expansion of rocaglate derivatives, as several members of this family have been shown to possess potent anti-neoplastic activity in vitro and in vivo. To further our understanding of rocaglate diversity and drug design, herein we explore the RNA clamping activity of >200 unique rocaglate derivatives. Through this, we report on the identification and characterization of a potent class of synthetic rocaglates called amidino-rocaglates. These compounds are among the most potent rocaglates documented to date and, taken together, this work offers important information that will guide the future design of rocaglates with improved biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - William G Devine
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dmitri Beglov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandor Vajda
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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17
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Zhang W, Chu J, Cyr AM, Yueh H, Brown LE, Wang TT, Pelletier J, Porco JA. Intercepted Retro-Nazarov Reaction: Syntheses of Amidino-Rocaglate Derivatives and Their Biological Evaluation as eIF4A Inhibitors. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12891-12900. [PMID: 31310112 PMCID: PMC6693944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rocaglates are a family of natural products isolated from the genus Aglaia which possess a highly substituted cyclopenta[b]benzofuran skeleton and inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis. Rocaglates are attractive compounds due to their potential for inhibiting tumor cell maintenance in vivo by specifically targeting eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) and interfering with recruitment of ribosomes to mRNA. In this paper, we describe an intercepted retro-Nazarov reaction utilizing intramolecular tosyl migration to generate a reactive oxyallyl cation on the rocaglate skeleton. Trapping of the oxyallyl cation with a diverse range of nucleophiles has been used to generate over 50 novel amidino-rocaglate (ADR) and amino-rocaglate derivatives. Subsequently, these derivatives were evaluated for their ability to inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis where they were found to outperform previous lead compounds including the rocaglate hydroxamate CR-1-31-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
| | - Andrew M. Cyr
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Han Yueh
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Tony T. Wang
- Laboratory of Vector-borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
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18
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Zhang W, Liu S, Maiga RI, Pelletier J, Brown LE, Wang TT, Porco JA. Chemical Synthesis Enables Structural Reengineering of Aglaroxin C Leading to Inhibition Bias for Hepatitis C Viral Infection. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1312-1323. [PMID: 30590924 PMCID: PMC6583776 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a unique rocaglate (flavagline) natural product, aglaroxin C displays intriguing biological activity by inhibiting hepatitis C viral entry. To further elucidate structure-activity relationships and diversify the pyrimidinone scaffold, we report a concise synthesis of aglaroxin C utilizing a highly regioselective pyrimidinone condensation. We have prepared more than 40 aglaroxin C analogues utilizing various amidine condensation partners. Through biological evaluation of analogues, we have discovered two lead compounds, CMLD012043 and CMLD012044, which show preferential bias for the inhibition of hepatitis C viral entry vs translation inhibition. Overall, the study demonstrates the power of chemical synthesis to produce natural product variants with both target inhibition bias and improved therapeutic indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shufeng Liu
- Laboratory of Vector-borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - Rayelle I. Maiga
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tony T. Wang
- Laboratory of Vector-borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yao Zhang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
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20
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Singh C, Prakasham AP, Gangwar MK, Ghosh P. Binuclear Fused 5-membered Palladacycle and Palladium Complex of Amido-Functionalized N-heterocyclic Carbene Precatalysts for the One-Pot Tandem Hiyama Alkynylation/Cyclization Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai 400 076
| | - A. P. Prakasham
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai 400 076
| | - Manoj Kumar Gangwar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai 400 076
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai 400 076
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21
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Singh C, Prakasham AP, Gangwar MK, Butcher RJ, Ghosh P. One-Pot Tandem Hiyama Alkynylation/Cyclizations by Palladium(II) Acyclic Diaminocarbene (ADC) Complexes Yielding Biologically Relevant Benzofuran Scaffolds. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1740-1756. [PMID: 31458491 PMCID: PMC6641338 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of palladium acyclic diaminocarbene (ADC) complexes of the type cis-[(R1NH)(R2)methylidene]PdCl2(CNR1) [R1 = 2,4,6-(CH3)3C6H2: R2 = NC5H10 (2); NC4H8 (3); NC4H8O (4)] were used not only to perform the Csp2 -Csp Hiyama coupling between aryl iodide and triethoxysilylalkynes but also to subsequently carry out the one-pot tandem Hiyama alkynylation/cyclization reaction between 2-iodophenol and triethoxysilylalkynes, giving a convenient time-efficient access to the biologically relevant benzofuran compounds. The palladium ADC complexes (2-4) were conveniently synthesized by the nucleophilic addition of secondary amines, namely, piperidine, pyrrolidine, and morpholine on the cis-{(2,4,6-(CH3)3C6H2)NC}2PdCl2 in moderate yields (ca. 61-66%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - A. P. Prakasham
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gangwar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Raymond J. Butcher
- Department
of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington DC 20059, United States
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
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22
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Paz BM, Li Y, Thøgersen MK, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective synthesis of cyclopenta[ b]benzofurans via an organocatalytic intramolecular double cyclization. Chem Sci 2017; 8:8086-8093. [PMID: 29568457 PMCID: PMC5855134 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03006a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An enantioselective organocatalytic strategy, combining Brønsted base and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis in a unique manner, is demonstrated for a concise construction of the privileged cyclopenta[b]benzofuran scaffold, present in many bioactive compounds having both academic and commercial interests. The reaction concept relies on an intramolecular one-pot double cyclization involving a cycle-specific enantioselective Michael addition followed by a benzoin condensation of ortho-substituted cinnamaldehydes. Cyclopenta[b]benzofurans were achieved in moderate to good yields, with excellent stereoselectivities. A proof of principle for a diastereodivergent variation is demonstrated through the synthesis of cyclopenta[b]benzofurans containing two contiguous aromatic substituents in a substitution pattern present in commercial and natural compounds. Furthermore, several transformations have been performed, demonstrating the synthetic utility of the products. Finally, insights into the activation mode and stereoindution models are presented for this new synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Matos Paz
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark .
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark .
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23
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Zhou Z, Dixon DD, Jolit A, Tius MA. The Evolution of the Total Synthesis of Rocaglamide. Chemistry 2016; 22:15929-15936. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Chemistry Department; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 2545 The Mall Honolulu HI 96822 USA
| | - Darryl D. Dixon
- Chemistry Department; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 2545 The Mall Honolulu HI 96822 USA
| | - Anais Jolit
- Chemistry Department; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 2545 The Mall Honolulu HI 96822 USA
| | - Marcus A. Tius
- Chemistry Department; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 2545 The Mall Honolulu HI 96822 USA
- University of Hawaii; Cancer Center; 701 Ilalo Street Honolulu HI 96813 USA
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