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Singh A, Sharma A, Ahmed A, Sundramoorthy AK, Furukawa H, Arya S, Khosla A. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors: Applications, Challenges, and Future Scope. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:336. [PMID: 34562926 PMCID: PMC8472208 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical biosensors are a class of biosensors which convert biological information such as analyte concentration that is a biological recognition element (biochemical receptor) into current or voltage. Electrochemical biosensors depict propitious diagnostic technology which can detect biomarkers in body fluids such as sweat, blood, feces, or urine. Combinations of suitable immobilization techniques with effective transducers give rise to an efficient biosensor. They have been employed in the food industry, medical sciences, defense, studying plant biology, etc. While sensing complex structures and entities, a large data is obtained, and it becomes difficult to manually interpret all the data. Machine learning helps in interpreting large sensing data. In the case of biosensors, the presence of impurity affects the performance of the sensor and machine learning helps in removing signals obtained from the contaminants to obtain a high sensitivity. In this review, we discuss different types of biosensors along with their applications and the benefits of machine learning. This is followed by a discussion on the challenges, missing gaps in the knowledge, and solutions in the field of electrochemical biosensors. This review aims to serve as a valuable resource for scientists and engineers entering the interdisciplinary field of electrochemical biosensors. Furthermore, this review provides insight into the type of electrochemical biosensors, their applications, the importance of machine learning (ML) in biosensing, and challenges and future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Singh
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Asha Sharma
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Aamir Ahmed
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Ashok K. Sundramoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India;
| | - Hidemitsu Furukawa
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan;
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Ajit Khosla
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan;
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Subhan MA, Rifat TP, Saha PC, Alam MM, Asiri AM, Raihan T, Azad AK, Ghann W, Uddin J, Rahman MM. Photocatalytic, anti-bacterial performance and development of 2,4-diaminophenylhydrazine chemical sensor probe based on ternary doped Ag·SrSnO 3 nanorods. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04813e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ag·SrSnO3 NRs is an excellent photocatalyst, kills both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The 2,4-DAPHyd sensor fabricated by layered Ag·SrSnO3 NRs onto GCE shows high sensitivity (7.5854 μA μM−1 cm−2); LDR, 0.1 nM~0.01 mM & LOD, 96.13 ± 4.81 pM.
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Akdag A, Işık M, Göktaş H. Conducting polymer-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of acetylthiocholine and pesticide via acetylcholinesterase. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:1113-1119. [PMID: 32941665 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A voltammetric biosensor for acetylthiocholine (ATCh) and paraoxon detection was successfully developed. To achieve this goal, polypyrrole (PPy) was synthesized onto the platinum (Pt) electrode surface in 0.30 M oxalic acid solution containing 25 mM pyrrole. PPy-coated Pt (Pt/PPy) electrode surface was covered with chitosan (Chi) (Pt/PPy/Chi). The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme was immobilized on the Pt/PPy/Chi electrode surface to build a voltammetric biosensor (Pt/PPy/Chi/AChE). The storage stability of the biosensor was determined to be 72% even after 60 days. The operational stability was determined to be 94% after 20 consecutive measurements. For the biosensor, the linear range was determined to be 30-50 µM for ATCh and 0.46-1.84 nM for paraoxon. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 0.45 µM for ATCh and 0.17 nM for paraoxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Akdag
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Hasan Göktaş
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Cho IH, Kim DH, Park S. Electrochemical biosensors: perspective on functional nanomaterials for on-site analysis. Biomater Res 2020; 24:6. [PMID: 32042441 PMCID: PMC7001310 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The electrochemical biosensor is one of the typical sensing devices based on transducing the biochemical events to electrical signals. In this type of sensor, an electrode is a key component that is employed as a solid support for immobilization of biomolecules and electron movement. Thanks to numerous nanomaterials that possess the large surface area, synergic effects are enabled by improving loading capacity and the mass transport of reactants for achieving high performance in terms of analytical sensitivity. MAIN BODY We categorized the current electrochemical biosensors into two groups, carbon-based (carbon nanotubes and graphene) and non-carbon-based nanomaterials (metallic and silica nanoparticles, nanowire, and indium tin oxide, organic materials). The carbon allotropes can be employed as an electrode and supporting scaffolds due to their large active surface area as well as an effective electron transfer rate. We also discussed the non-carbon nanomaterials that are used as alternative supporting components of the electrode for improving the electrochemical properties of biosensors. CONCLUSION Although several functional nanomaterials have provided the innovative solid substrate for high performances, developing on-site version of biosensor that meets enough sensitivity along with high reproducibility still remains a challenge. In particular, the matrix interference from real samples which seriously affects the biomolecular interaction still remains the most critical issues that need to be solved for practical aspect in the electrochemical biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Hoon Cho
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyung Kim
- Division of Advanced Instrumentation Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135 Republic of Korea
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Kumar S, Bukkitgar SD, Singh S, Pratibha, Singh V, Reddy KR, Shetti NP, Venkata Reddy C, Sadhu V, Naveen S. Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Based on Graphene Functionalized with Metal Oxide Nanostructures for Healthcare Applications. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudesh Kumar
- Department of ChemistryBanasthali Vidyapeeth Rajasthan 304022 India
| | - Shikandar D. Bukkitgar
- Electrochemistry and Materials GroupDepartment of Chemistry, K. L. E. Institute of Technology Gokul, Hubballi- 580030, affiliated to Visveswaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka India
| | - Supriya Singh
- Department of ChemistryBanasthali Vidyapeeth Rajasthan 304022 India
| | - Pratibha
- Department of ChemistryBanasthali Vidyapeeth Rajasthan 304022 India
| | - Vanshika Singh
- Department of ChemistryBanasthali Vidyapeeth Rajasthan 304022 India
| | - Kakarla Raghava Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of Sydney Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Nagaraj P. Shetti
- Electrochemistry and Materials GroupDepartment of Chemistry, K. L. E. Institute of Technology Gokul, Hubballi- 580030, affiliated to Visveswaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka India
| | - Ch. Venkata Reddy
- School of Mechanical EngineeringYeungnam University Gyengsan 712–749 South Korea
| | - Veera Sadhu
- School of Physical SciencesBanasthali Vidyapeeth Rajasthan 304022 India
| | - S. Naveen
- School of Basic SciencesJain Deemed-to-be University Bangalore 562112 India
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Sanjuán AM, Reglero Ruiz JA, García FC, García JM. Recent developments in sensing devices based on polymeric systems. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Patil HK, Deshmukh MA, Gaikwad SD, Bodkhe GA, Asokan K, Yasuzawa M, Koinkar P, Shirsat MD. Influence of Oxygen ions irradiation on Polyaniline/Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes nanocomposite. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Silva HS, Miranda PB. Probing the Molecular Ordering and Thermal Stability of Azopolymer Layer-by-Layer Films by Second-Harmonic Generation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9950-9959. [PMID: 27666122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer (LbL) films have many applications, but several parameters and procedures during film fabrication determine their morphology and molecular arrangement, with important practical consequences. Here we have used optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) to investigate the molecular ordering of LbL films containing the anionic azopolymer PS-119 and the cationic polyelectrolyte PAH. We show that spontaneous drying leads to laterally homogeneous and isotropic films, while the opposite occurs for nitrogen-flow drying. The effect of film thickness and pH of the assembling/rinsing solutions on the molecular ordering was also investigated. The optical nonlinearity tends to significantly decrease for thicker films (∼10 bilayers), and a slight alternation of SHG intensity for films with odd or even number of layers (complete vs incomplete bilayers) was also observed, which results from the reorientation of azopolymer groups in the last layer after adsorption of an additional PAH layer. We propose a qualitative electrostatic model to explain the pH dependence of film growth and azopolymer orientation, which is based on changes of the charge density of the substrate and PAH and on different ionic screening of electrostatic interactions at various pH values. We also found that the nonlinear response presents a gradual and significant reduction upon heating, which is inconsistent with a glass transition temperature for these ultrathin LbL films. The thermal stability is improved with a combination of low ionic strength and higher charge density of the polyelectrolytes and substrate, which promotes better interlayer complexation. The SHG signal is recovered upon cooling, although for some conditions the molecular arrangement became anisotropic after a heating/cooling cycle. Such detailed information about the structural order of thin nonlinear optical azopolymer LbL films demonstrates that SHG is a powerful technique to probe the film structure at the molecular level, with important consequences for their applications in optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heurison S Silva
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bairro: Ininga, CEP, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Paulo B Miranda
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo , CP 369, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
- Center for Nano Science and Technology (CNST@POLIMI), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Pascoli 70/3, Milan, MI 20133, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano , Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan, MI 20133, Italy
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Silva HS, Lopes FJS, Miranda PB. Molecular ordering of PAH/MA-co-DR13 azopolymer layer-by-layer films probed by second-harmonic generation. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:104902. [PMID: 27634274 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular orientation within azopolymer thin films is important for their nonlinear optical properties and photonic applications. We have used optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) to study the molecular orientation of Layer-by-Layer (LbL) films of a cationic polyelectrolyte (poly(allylamine hydrochloride)) and an anionic polyelectrolyte containing azochromophore side groups (MA-co-DR13) on a glass substrate. The SHG measurements indicate that there is a preferential orientation of the azochromophores in the film, leading to a significant optical nonlinearity. However, both the signal strength and its anisotropy are not homogeneous throughout the sample, indicating the presence of large orientational domains. This is corroborated with Brewster angle microscopy. The average SHG signal does not increase with film thickness, in contrast to some reports in the literature, indicating an independent orientational order for successive bilayers. Analyzing the SHG signal as a function of the input and output polarizations, a few parameters of the azochromophore orientational distribution can be deduced. Fitting the SHG signal to a simple model distribution, we have concluded that the chromophores have an angular distribution with a slight in-plane anisotropy and a mean polar angle ranging from 45° to 80° with respect to substrate normal direction, with a relatively large width of about 25°. These results show that SHG is a powerful technique for a detailed investigation of the molecular orientation in azopolymer LbL films, allowing a deeper understanding of their self-assembling mechanism and nonlinear optical properties. The inhomogeneity and anisotropy of these films may have important consequences for their applications in nonlinear optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heurison S Silva
- Universidade Federal do Piauí - Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bairro: Ininga, CEP: 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Fábio J S Lopes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Pesquisa Energética e Nucleares, Cidade Universitária-IPEN, Av. Lineu Prestes 2242, CEP: 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo B Miranda
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal: 369, CEP: 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Shahrokhian S, Azimzadeh M, Hosseini P. Modification of a glassy carbon electrode with a bilayer of multiwalled carbon nanotube/benzene disulfonate-doped polypyrrole: application to sensitive voltammetric determination of olanzapine. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04584j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Yang G, Kampstra KL, Abidian MR. High performance conducting polymer nanofiber biosensors for detection of biomolecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:4954-60. [PMID: 24719293 PMCID: PMC4351750 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201400753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive detection and selective determination of the physiologically important chemicals involved in brain function have drawn much attention for the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases and neurological disorders. This paper reports a novel method for fabrication of enzyme entrapped-conducting polymer nanofibers that offer higher sensitivity and increased lifetime compared to glucose sensors that are based on conducting polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 (USA)
| | - Kelly L. Kampstra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 (USA)
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Tang W, Li L, Wu L, Gong J, Zeng X. Glucose biosensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with polythionine and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95030. [PMID: 24816121 PMCID: PMC4015890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel glucose biosensor was fabricated. The first layer of the biosensor was polythionine, which was formed by the electrochemical polymerisation of the thionine monomer on a glassy carbon electrode. The remaining layers were coated with chitosan-MWCNTs, GOx, and the chitosan-PTFE film in sequence. The MWCNTs embedded in FAD were like “conductive wires” connecting FAD with electrode, reduced the distance between them and were propitious to fast direct electron transfer. Combining with good electrical conductivity of PTH and MWCNTs, the current response was enlarged. The sensor was a parallel multi-component reaction system (PMRS) and excellent electrocatalytic performance for glucose could be obtained without a mediator. The glucose sensor had a working voltage of −0.42 V, an optimum working temperature of 25°C, an optimum working pH of 7.0, and the best percentage of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion (PTFE) in the outer composite film was 2%. Under the optimised conditions, the biosensor displayed a high sensitivity of 2.80 µA mM−1 cm−2 and a low detection limit of 5 µM (S/N = 3), with a response time of less than 15 s and a linear range of 0.04 mM to 2.5 mM. Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor had a good selectivity, reproducibility, and long-term stability, indicating that the novel CTS+PTFE/GOx/MWCNTs/PTH composite is a promising material for immobilization of biomolecules and fabrication of third generation biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (WT); (XZ)
| | - Lei Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiemin Gong
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinping Zeng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (WT); (XZ)
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A novel glucose biosensor based on the immobilization of glucose oxidase on layer-by-layer assembly film of copper phthalocyanine functionalized graphene. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Electrochemical determination of Clozapine on MWCNTs/New Coccine doped PPY modified GCE: An experimental design approach. Bioelectrochemistry 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kirsch J, Siltanen C, Zhou Q, Revzin A, Simonian A. Biosensor technology: recent advances in threat agent detection and medicine. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8733-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60141b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Cesarino I, Galesco HV, Moraes FC, Lanza MRV, Machado SAS. Biosensor Based on Electrocodeposition of Carbon Nanotubes/Polypyrrole/Laccase for Neurotransmitter Detection. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Yu
- Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University
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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Chen J, Zeng Y. Amperometric biosensor based on 3D ordered freestanding porous Pt nanowire array electrode. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:6025-31. [PMID: 22898987 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31256e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensionally (3D) ordered freestanding porous platinum (Pt) nanowire array electrode (PPNWAE) with pores of several nanometers in size and a Pt nanowire array electrode (PNWAE) without pores were facilely fabricated by metal electrodeposition and direct integration with a Pt disk electrode. The unusual PPNWAE with high active area showed excellent sensitivity (0.36 mA cm(-2) mM(-1)) and a wide detection range (4.5 μM-27.1 mM) to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). A glucose oxidase (GOD)-based biosensor (PPNWAE/GOD) with a considerably wide detection range (4.5 μM-189.5 mM) to glucose was demonstrated. Furthermore, a lower detection limit, higher sensitivity and smaller value of Michaelis-Menten constant k(m) were recorded for PPNWAE-based biosensors compared with PNWAE-based biosensors. Particularly, the response current to glucose of PPNWAE/GOD was ca. 100% higher than that of PNWAE/GOD and the response current to H(2)O(2) of PPNWAE was ca. 50% higher than that of PNWAE, owing to the granular and rougher porous nanowire surface enabling greater bioactivity for GOD. The selectivity of PPNWAE/GOD glucose biosensor was also estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
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Galhardo KS, Torresi RM, de Torresi SIC. Improving the performance of a glucose biosensor using an ionic liquid for enzyme immobilization. On the chemical interaction between the biomolecule, the ionic liquid and the cross-linking agent. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shahrokhian S, Kamalzadeh Z, Saberi RS. Application of Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with a Bilayer of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Polypyrrole Doped with Nitrazine Yellow for Voltammetric Determination of Naltrexone. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Shahrokhian S, Kamalzadeh Z, Saberi RS. Glassy carbon electrode modified with a bilayer of multi-walled carbon nanotube and polypyrrole doped with new coccine: Application to the sensitive electrochemical determination of Sumatriptan. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang Q, Zhang H, Wu Y, Yu A. Amperometric hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with polythionine and gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ozyilmaz G, Ozyilmaz AT, Can F. Glucose oxidase-polypyrrole electrodes synthesized in p-toluenesulfonic acid and sodium p-toluenesulfonate. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683811020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Le Goff A, Holzinger M, Cosnier S. Enzymatic biosensors based on SWCNT-conducting polymer electrodes. Analyst 2011; 136:1279-87. [PMID: 21311804 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00904k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This short review is focused on recent advances in the combination of conducting polymers and SWCNTs for the fabrication of electrochemical biosensors. The different properties of conducting polymers and SWCNTs are discussed in respect of their use in immobilizing and wiring biomolecules on electrode surfaces. We further describe the functionalization techniques used in the fabrication of these devices and their associated biosensing performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Le Goff
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, CNRS Université Joseph Fourier, BP-53, 38041 Grenoble, France
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Zhang Z, Liang Y, Liang P, Li C, Fang S. Protein adsorption materials based on conducting polymers: polypyrrole modified with ω-(N
-pyrrolyl)-octylthiol. POLYM INT 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kadam SB, Datta K, Ghosh P, Shirsat MD. Poly(Pyrrole)-Poly(N-Methylpyrrole) Composite Matrix for Amperometric Biosensor Design. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2010.504173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sensitive determination of herbicide trifluralin on the surface of copper nanowire electrochemical sensor. J Solid State Electrochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-010-1212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shan C, Yang H, Song J, Han D, Ivaska A, Niu L. Direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase and biosensing for glucose based on graphene. Anal Chem 2010; 81:2378-82. [PMID: 19227979 DOI: 10.1021/ac802193c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 770] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We first reported that polyvinylpyrrolidone-protected graphene was dispersed well in water and had good electrochemical reduction toward O(2) and H(2)O(2). With glucose oxidase (GOD) as an enzyme model, we constructed a novel polyvinylpyrrolidone-protected graphene/polyethylenimine-functionalized ionic liquid/GOD electrochemical biosensor, which achieved the direct electron transfer of GOD, maintained its bioactivity and showed potential application for the fabrication of novel glucose biosensors with linear glucose response up to 14 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
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Zhao Z, Lei W, Zhang X, Wang B, Jiang H. ZnO-based amperometric enzyme biosensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2010; 10:1216-31. [PMID: 22205864 PMCID: PMC3244010 DOI: 10.3390/s100201216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured ZnO with its unique properties could provide a suitable microenvironment for immobilization of enzymes while retaining their biological activity, and thus lead to an expanded use of this nanomaterial for the construction of electrochemical biosensors with enhanced analytical performance. ZnO-based enzyme electrochemical biosensors are summarized in several tables for an easy overview according to the target biosensing analyte (glucose, hydrogen peroxide, phenol and cholesterol), respectively. Moreover, recent developments in enzyme electrochemical biosensors based on ZnO nanomaterials are reviewed with an emphasis on the fabrications and features of ZnO, approaches for biosensor construction (e.g., modified electrodes and enzyme immobilization) and biosensor performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhao
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (X.B.Z.); (B.P.W.)
| | - Wei Lei
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (X.B.Z.); (B.P.W.)
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (X.B.Z.); (B.P.W.)
| | - Baoping Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (X.B.Z.); (B.P.W.)
| | - Helong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Zhou K, Zhu Y, Yang X, Li C. Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose by the Glucose Oxidase Immobilized in Graphene-Au-Nafion Biocomposite. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zhang Z, Liang Y, Yan L, Yan F, Fang S. Protein adsorption materials of the soluble conducting polymer poly(acryloyl chloride)-g-polypyrrole. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00013b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Arecchi A, Scampicchio M, Drusch S, Mannino S. Nanofibrous membrane based tyrosinase-biosensor for the detection of phenolic compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 659:133-6. [PMID: 20103115 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A tyrosinase-modified electrode is described to be used as amperometric biosensor for the detection of phenolic compounds in food. The enzyme has been immobilized by drop-coating on a glassy carbon electrode covered by a polyamidic nanofibrous membrane prepared by electrospinning. With respect to others, the selectivity of the designed tyrosinase-biosensor resulted modified by the presence of the nanostructured coating which seems to affect the permeability of phenols as a function of the pH of the solution and of their dissociation constants. The biosensor exhibits a response time of 16 s, a detection limit of 0.05 microM, and a linearity up to 100 microM (slope: -304 nA microM(-1); intercept: -191 nA, r(2)=0.996, n=19). Among others, it can be successfully used for monitoring in real time the release kinetics of phenols encapsulated in polymeric microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Arecchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Tsai TW, Heckert G, Neves LF, Tan Y, Kao DY, Harrison RG, Resasco DE, Schmidtke DW. Adsorption of Glucose Oxidase onto Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Its Application in Layer-By-Layer Biosensors. Anal Chem 2009; 81:7917-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900650r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Wei Tsai
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Gustavo Heckert
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Luís F. Neves
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Yongqiang Tan
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Der-You Kao
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Roger G. Harrison
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Daniel E. Resasco
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - David W. Schmidtke
- Carbon Nanotube Technology Center, University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, and School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
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Silva HS, Miranda PB. Molecular Ordering of Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Films Studied by Sum-Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:10068-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904196h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heurison S. Silva
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970 São Carlos - SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo B. Miranda
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970 São Carlos - SP, Brazil
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LU Q, WENG Z. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPYRROLE NANOPARTICLES <I>VIA</I> UNSTIRRED POLYMERIZATION. ACTA POLYM SIN 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2009.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Electrochemical sensors based on carbon nanotubes. SENSORS 2009; 9:2289-319. [PMID: 22574013 PMCID: PMC3348810 DOI: 10.3390/s90402289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent contributions in the development of the electrochemical sensors based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs have unique mechanical and electronic properties, combined with chemical stability, and behave electrically as a metal or semiconductor, depending on their structure. For sensing applications, CNTs have many advantages such as small size with larger surface area, excellent electron transfer promoting ability when used as electrodes modifier in electrochemical reactions, and easy protein immobilization with retention of its activity for potential biosensors. CNTs play an important role in the performance of electrochemical biosensors, immunosensors, and DNA biosensors. Various methods have been developed for the design of sensors using CNTs in recent years. Herein we summarize the applications of CNTs in the construction of electrochemical sensors and biosensors along with other nanomaterials and conducting polymers.
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Holzinger M, Bouffier L, Villalonga R, Cosnier S. Adamantane/β-cyclodextrin affinity biosensors based on single-walled carbon nanotubes. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:1128-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cosnier S, Ionescu RE, Holzinger M. Aqueous dispersions of SWCNTs using pyrrolic surfactants for the electro-generation of homogeneous nanotube composites. Application to the design of an amperometric biosensor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b808202b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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