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Octobre G, Delprat N, Doumèche B, Leca-Bouvier B. Herbicide detection: A review of enzyme- and cell-based biosensors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118330. [PMID: 38341074 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Herbicides are the most widely used class of pesticides in the world. Their intensive use raises the question of their harmfulness to the environment and human health. These pollutants need to be detected at low concentrations, especially in water samples. Commonly accepted analytical techniques (HPLC-MS, GC-MS, ELISA tests) are available, but these highly sensitive and time-consuming techniques suffer from high cost and from the need for bulky equipment, user training and sample pre-treatment. Biosensors can be used as complementary early-warning systems that are less sensitive and less selective. On the other hand, they are rapid, inexpensive, easy-to-handle and allow direct detection of the sample, on-site, without any further step other than dilution. This review focuses on enzyme- and cell- (or subcellular elements) based biosensors. Different enzymes (such as tyrosinase or peroxidase) whose activity is inhibited by herbicides are presented. Photosynthetic cells such as algae or cyanobacteria are also reported, as well as subcellular elements (thylakoids, chloroplasts). Atrazine, diuron, 2,4-D and glyphosate appear as the most frequently detected herbicides, using amperometry or optical transduction (mainly based on chlorophyll fluorescence). The recent new WSSA/HRAC classification of herbicides is also included in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Octobre
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ICBMS, UMR5246, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Nicolas Delprat
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ICBMS, UMR5246, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bastien Doumèche
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ICBMS, UMR5246, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Béatrice Leca-Bouvier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ICBMS, UMR5246, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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3D-printed reduced graphene oxide/polylactic acid electrodes: A new prototyped platform for sensing and biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 170:112684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Artabe AE, Cunha-Silva H, Barranco A. Enzymatic assays for the assessment of toxic effects of halogenated organic contaminants in water and food. A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111677. [PMID: 32810589 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Halogenated organic compounds are a particular group of contaminants consisting of a large number of substances, and of great concern due to their persistence in the environment, potential for bioaccumulation and toxicity. Some of these compounds have been classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under The Stockholm Convention and many toxicity assessments have been conducted on them previously. In this work we provide an overview of enzymatic assays used in these studies to establish toxic effects and dose-response relationships. Studies in vivo and in vitro have been considered with a particular emphasis on the impact of halogenated compounds on the activity of relevant enzymes to the humans and the environment. Most information available in the literature focuses on chlorinated compounds, but brominated and fluorinated molecules are also the target of increasing numbers of studies. The enzymes identified can be classified as enzymes: i) the activities of which are affected by the presence of halogenated organic compounds, and ii) those involved in their metabolisation/detoxification resulting in increased activities. In both cases the halogen substituent seems to have an important role in the effects observed. Finally, the use of these enzymes in biosensing tools for monitoring of halogenated compounds is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Ereño Artabe
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Hugo Cunha-Silva
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Barranco
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Polatoğlu İ, Karataş D. Modeling of molecular interaction between catechol and tyrosinase by DFT. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Liu F, Xu Q, Huang W, Zhang Z, Xiang G, Zhang C, Liang C, Lian H, Peng J. Green synthesis of porous graphene and its application for sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Sok V, Fragoso A. Kinetic, spectroscopic and computational docking study of the inhibitory effect of the pesticides 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D and glyphosate on the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:427-434. [PMID: 29944937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D, glyphosate and paraquat on the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase for oxidation of L-DOPA has been investigated by kinetic measurements, fluorescence spectroscopy and computational docking analysis. 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D inhibit the diphenolase activity of the enzyme following a competitive mechanism, while glyphosate is a mixed inhibitor according to Lineweaver-Burk kinetic analysis. The inhibitory activity follows the order glyphosate >2,4,5-T > 2,4-D with IC50 values of 65, 90 and 106 μM, respectively. Intrinsic tyrosinase fluorescence quenching and computational docking analysis suggest that 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D interact with the active site of the enzyme through hydrophobic interactions, while glyphosate also interacts with external residues of the active site of the enzyme by hydrogen bonding and hydrophilic interactions inducing conformational changes in the protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibol Sok
- Nanobiotechnology & Bioanalysis Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alex Fragoso
- Nanobiotechnology & Bioanalysis Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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Bollella P, Fusco G, Tortolini C, Sanzò G, Antiochia R, Favero G, Mazzei F. Inhibition-based first-generation electrochemical biosensors: theoretical aspects and application to 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3203-11. [PMID: 26874693 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, several theoretical aspects involved in the first-generation inhibition-based electrochemical biosensor measurements have been discussed. In particular, we have developed a theoretical-methodological approach for the characterization of the kinetic interaction between alkaline phosphatase (AlP) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) as representative inhibitor studied by means of cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. Based on these findings, a biosensor for the fast, simple, and inexpensive determination of 2,4-D has been developed. The enzyme has been immobilized on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). To optimize the biosensor performances, several carbon-based SPEs, namely graphite (G), graphene (GP), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), have been evaluated. AlP was immobilized on the electrode surface by means of polyvinyl alcohol with styryl-pyridinium groups (PVA-SbQ) as cross-linking agent. In the presence of ascorbate 2-phosphate (A2P) as substrate, the herbicide has been determined, thanks to its inhibition activity towards the enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of A2P to ascorbic acid (AA). Under optimum experimental conditions, the best performance in terms of catalytic efficiency has been demonstrated by MWCNTs SPE-based biosensor. The inhibition biosensor shows a linearity range towards 2,4-D within 2.1-110 ppb, a LOD of 1 ppb, and acceptable repeatability and stability. This analysis method was applied to fortified lake water samples with recoveries above 90%. The low cost of this device and its good analytical performances suggest its application for the screening and monitoring of 2,4-D in real matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bollella
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fusco
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Cristina Tortolini
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Gabriella Sanzò
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Riccarda Antiochia
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Gabriele Favero
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Franco Mazzei
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.
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Tiwari I, Gupta M, Pandey CM. Application of Cationic Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Iron Oxide/Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite for the Determination of Paraoxon. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Electrochemical affinity biosensors for detection of mycotoxins: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 49:146-58. [PMID: 23743326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the current state of electrochemical biosensors in the determination of mycotoxins in foods. Mycotoxins are highly toxic secondary metabolites produced by molds. The acute toxicity of these results in serious human and animal health problems, although it has been only since early 1960s when the first studied aflatoxins were found to be carcinogenic. Mycotoxins affect a broad range of agricultural products, most important cereals and cereal-based foods. A majority of countries, mentioning especially the European Union, have established preventive programs to control contamination and strict laws of the permitted levels in foods. Official methods of analysis of mycotoxins normally requires sophisticated instrumentation, e.g. liquid chromatography with fluorescence or mass detectors, combined with extraction procedures for sample preparation. For about sixteen years, the use of simpler and faster analytical procedures based on affinity biosensors has emerged in scientific literature as a very promising alternative, particularly electrochemical (i.e., amperometric, impedance, potentiometric or conductimetric) affinity biosensors due to their simplicity and sensitivity. Typically, electrochemical biosensors for mycotoxins use specific antibodies or aptamers as affinity ligands, although recombinant antibodies, artificial receptors and molecular imprinted polymers show potential utility. This article deals with recent advances in electrochemical affinity biosensors for mycotoxins and covers complete literature from the first reports about sixteen years ago.
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McGrath TF, Elliott CT, Fodey TL. Biosensors for the analysis of microbiological and chemical contaminants in food. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:75-92. [PMID: 22278073 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Increases in food production and the ever-present threat of food contamination from microbiological and chemical sources have led the food industry and regulators to pursue rapid, inexpensive methods of analysis to safeguard the health and safety of the consumer. Although sophisticated techniques such as chromatography and spectrometry provide more accurate and conclusive results, screening tests allow a much higher throughput of samples at a lower cost and with less operator training, so larger numbers of samples can be analysed. Biosensors combine a biological recognition element (enzyme, antibody, receptor) with a transducer to produce a measurable signal proportional to the extent of interaction between the recognition element and the analyte. The different uses of the biosensing instrumentation available today are extremely varied, with food analysis as an emerging and growing application. The advantages offered by biosensors over other screening methods such as radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, fluorescence immunoassay and luminescence immunoassay, with respect to food analysis, include automation, improved reproducibility, speed of analysis and real-time analysis. This article will provide a brief footing in history before reviewing the latest developments in biosensor applications for analysis of food contaminants (January 2007 to December 2010), focusing on the detection of pathogens, toxins, pesticides and veterinary drug residues by biosensors, with emphasis on articles showing data in food matrices. The main areas of development common to these groups of contaminants include multiplexing, the ability to simultaneously analyse a sample for more than one contaminant and portability. Biosensors currently have an important role in food safety; further advances in the technology, reagents and sample handling will surely reinforce this position.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F McGrath
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute of Agri-Food and Land Use, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
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Biosensor based on pequi polyphenol oxidase immobilized on chitosan crosslinked with cyanuric chloride for thiodicarb determination. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Arduini F, Amine A, Moscone D, Palleschi G. Reversible Enzyme Inhibition–Based Biosensors: Applications and Analytical Improvement Through Diagnostic Inhibition. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710902901913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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