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Gao H, Wang K, Li H, Fan Y, Sun X, Wang X, Sun H. Recent advances in electrochemical proximity ligation assay. Talanta 2023; 254:124158. [PMID: 36502611 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Proximity ligation assay (PLA) is a vigorously developed homogeneous immunoassay assisted by DNA combining dual recognition of target protein by pairs of proximity probes, in which the detection of protein is tactfully converted to the detection of DNA. The booming developments in PLA have enabled a variety of ultrasensitive assays for the detection of protein and this concept of PLA is also extended to the detection of nucleic acids and some small molecule. The association between PLA and electrochemical method, defined as electrochemical proximity ligation assay (ECPLA), has gained much interests in disease diagnosis, food safety and environmental assays with the advantages, such as broad range of targets, simplicity, low cost and rapid response. In this review, we took a different perspective to present the history of PLA, the classical ECPLA biosensing methodology as well as the developments of ECPLA based on several key parameters, such as sensitivity, selectivity, reusability and generalization. In addition, the developments of PLA with electrochemiluminescence as readout are also presented. Finally, perspective and some unresolved challenges in ECPLA that can potentially be addressed have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Gao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Haiyu Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Yeli Fan
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Xiong Sun
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Huiping Sun
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215000, PR China
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Review on electrochemical sensing strategies for C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin I detection. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang HB, Bai HY, Dong GL, Liu YM. DNA-templated Au nanoclusters coupled with proximity-dependent hybridization and guanine-rich DNA induced quenching: a sensitive fluorescent biosensing platform for DNA detection. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1482-1488. [PMID: 36132614 PMCID: PMC9419426 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00278a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the fluorescence signal of poly(A) DNA-templated Au nanoclusters (AuNCs) is found to be greatly quenched by photoinduced electron transfer (PET) when they are close to guanine (G)-rich DNA. Based on the findings, we have designed a low-cost fluorescence biosensing strategy for the sensitive detection of DNA. Highly luminescent and photo-stable poly(A) DNA-AuNCs were utilized as the fluorescent indicator and G-rich DNA was utilized as the fluorescent quencher. In the absence of target DNA, DNA-AuNCs failed to hybridize with the G-rich DNA and did not form the duplex DNA structure. Strong fluorescence intensity at 475 nm was observed due to the DNA-AuNCs being far away from the G-rich DNA. However, in the presence of target DNA, the DNA-AuNCs together with G-rich DNA could hybridize with the target DNA, leading to the 5' terminus of the DNA-AuNCs and the 3' terminus of G-rich DNA being in close proximity and promoting the cooperative hybridization. Therefore, a "Y" junction structure was formed and the G-rich sequences were brought close to the AuNCs. Therefore, the fluorescence intensity of the sensing system decreased significantly. Taking advantage of the poly(A) DNA-templated Au nanoclusters and G-rich DNA proximity-induced quenching, the strategy could be extended to determine other biomolecules by designing appropriate sequences of DNA probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 PR China +86 376 6391172 +86 376 6391172
| | - Hong-Yu Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 PR China +86 376 6391172 +86 376 6391172
| | - Gao-Li Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 PR China +86 376 6391172 +86 376 6391172
| | - Yan-Ming Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 PR China +86 376 6391172 +86 376 6391172
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You H, Bai L, Yuan Y, Zhou J, Bai Y, Mu Z. An amperometric aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of sulfadimethoxine based on exonuclease-assisted target recycling and new signal tracer for amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:706-712. [PMID: 30014944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The risks caused by veterinary drug residues in animal foodstuffs are of great concern to the public. Accordingly, this work reported an amperometric aptasensor for highly sensitive detection of sulfadimethoxine (SDM). Functionalised fullerene (C60)-doped graphene (C60-rGO) nanohybrid was designed and prepared to load electroactive toluidine blue (Tb) through the π-π stacking, forming a C60-rGO-Tb nanocomposite. Furthermore, the as-prepared nanocomposite was decorated with gold nanoparticles and used for the immobilization of signal probes to form a new signal tracer, which was coupled with exonuclease-catalyzed target recycling for amplification. To construct the aptasensor, a thiolated double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) of aptamer-capture probe complex was immobilised on a gold electrode surface through strong Au-S bond. In the presence of SDM, the aptamer preferred to form an aptamer-SDM complex, which led to the dissociation of dsDNA. Then aptamer could be selectively digested by RecJf exonuclease, resulting in liberated SDM molecules to participate in the next reaction cycling and achieve signal amplification. Then, capture probes released from the cyclic processes were hybridized with the signal tracer, which could further enhance electrochemical signal responses. On the basis of cascade signal amplification strategies, the proposed aptasensor exhibited a wide linear range from 10 fg/mL to 10 ng/mL for SDM with high sensitivity, good selectivity and satisfactory stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan You
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lijuan Bai
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yonghua Yuan
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yan Bai
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhaode Mu
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Meirinho SG, Dias LG, Peres AM, Rodrigues LR. Voltammetric aptasensors for protein disease biomarkers detection: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:941-953. [PMID: 27235188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical aptasensor is a compact analytical device where the bioreceptor (aptamer) is coupled to a transducer surface to convert a biological interaction into a measurable signal (current) that can be easily processed, recorded and displayed. Since the discovery of the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Enrichment (SELEX) methodology, the selection of aptamers and their application as bioreceptors has become a promising tool in the design of electrochemical aptasensors. Aptamers present several advantages that highlight their usefulness as bioreceptors such as chemical stability, cost effectiveness and ease of modification towards detection and immobilization at different transducer surfaces. In this review, a special emphasis is given to the potential use of electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of protein disease biomarkers using voltammetry techniques. Methods for the immobilization of aptamers onto electrode surfaces are discussed, as well as different electrochemical strategies that can be used for the design of aptasensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia G Meirinho
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Luís G Dias
- ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; CQ-VR, Centro de Química - Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - António M Peres
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Enginerring - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Konopińska K, Pietrzak M, Malinowska E. Studies on potential use of tin(IV) porphyrin in a role of proteins' label. Anal Biochem 2014; 470:41-7. [PMID: 25447459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present an electrochemical and optical characterization of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin tin(IV) dichloride (Sn-tpp) in terms of its potential use as a hybrid proteins' label. Our research comprised Sn-tpp and Sn-tpp in the presence of model proteins selected as to mimic a receptor or surface blocking agents: bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin, and immunoglobulin G. In the course of the study, we determined optimal conditions for analysis by means of differential pulse voltammetry, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and spectrofluorimetry. In electrochemical detection, the influence of the working electrode, solvent, and supporting electrolyte was examined. Displacements of the received signals along the potential axis (a shift of the potential) and changes in signal intensities due to the addition of proteins were observed and analyzed. Simultaneously, the suitability of Sn-tpp as a label in optical detection mode was assessed by using spectroscopic techniques. The obtained results prove Sn-tpp to be applicable in dual and triple detection systems. Such an approach will improve the reliability of the analysis and, at the same time, will allow for widening the range of the linear response with some overlapping ranges of concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Konopińska
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pietrzak
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Malinowska
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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Ren K, Wu J, Yan F, Ju H. Ratiometric electrochemical proximity assay for sensitive one-step protein detection. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4360. [PMID: 24618513 PMCID: PMC3950580 DOI: 10.1038/srep04360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work proposes the concept of ratiometric electrochemical proximity assay (REPA), which can be used for one-step, highly sensitive and selective detection of protein. The assay strategy was achieved on a sensing interface that was formed by hybridization of methylene blue (MB)-labeled antibody-DNA probe (MB-DNA1-Ab1) with ferrocene (Fc)-labeled DNA capture probe (Fc-P) modified gold electrode. On the interface the target protein could trigger the formation of immunocomplex between MB-DNA1-Ab1 and detection antibody-DNA probe (Ab2-DNA2) and subsequently the proximity hybridization of DNA1-DNA2, which led to the departure of MB-DNA1-Ab1 from the interface. The remained Fc-P could form a hairpin structure to take Fc group to electrode surface. Therefore, the recognition of target protein to Ab1 and Ab2 resulted in both the "signal-off" of MB and the "signal-on" of Fc for dual-signal electrochemical ratiometric readout. The proposed REPA could be carried out in one-step with 40-min duration and showed a wide detection range from 0.05 to 100 ng/mL with pg/mL limit of detection, displaying great potential for convenient point-of-care testing and commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Feng Yan
- Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Prevention and Cure, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
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Li H, Zhang W, Zhou H. Electrochemical biosensor based on base-stacking-dependent DNA hybridization assay for protein detection. Anal Biochem 2014; 449:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li H, Xie H, Cao Y, Ding X, Yin Y, Li G. A general way to assay protein by coupling peptide with signal reporter via supermolecule formation. Anal Chem 2012; 85:1047-52. [PMID: 23237077 DOI: 10.1021/ac302906c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein-binding peptide is recently recognized as an effective artificial affinity reagent for protein assays. However, its application is hampered by the limited choices of available signal readout methods. Herein, we report a general electrochemical signal readout method for protein-binding peptides exploiting the host-guest chemistry of cucurbituril. Via the formation of supermolecules among cucurbituril, electrochemical reporter, and the peptide, a protein-binding peptide can be noncovalently coupled with the electrochemical reporter. To assay the target protein, the protein-binding peptides are first self-assembled in the sensing layer, and after the capturing of the target protein, a portion of the peptides become protein-bound. The protein-free peptides are then coupled with the electrochemical reporter to yield a signal readout inversely proportional to the amount of the captured target proteins. Since the only requirement of supermolecule formation is the incorporation of aromatic amino acids in the peptide sequence, this strategy is universally applicable to many protein-binding peptides. The generality and target specificity of the proposed method are successfully demonstrated in the assays of two kinds of target proteins: tumor necrosis factor-α and amyloid β 1-42 soluble oligomer, respectively. The feasibility of our method is also tested in the monitoring of tumor necrosis factor-α secretion activity of HL-60 cells. These results indicate that our method can have great use in protein detection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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Evtugyn GA, Kostyleva VB, Porfireva AV, Savelieva MA, Evtugyn VG, Sitdikov RR, Stoikov II, Antipin IS, Hianik T. Label-free aptasensor for thrombin determination based on the nanostructured phenazine mediator. Talanta 2012. [PMID: 23182588 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
New aptasensors based on DNA aptamer and polycarboxylated thiacalix[4]arenes in cone, 1,3-alternate and partial cone configurations bearing Neutral Red (NR) at substituents at the lower rim have been developed and applied for thrombin detection. The assembly of the biorecognition layer was optimized by AFM and EIS study to reach the maximal coverage and regular composition of the surface layer. The interaction of the NR groups with thrombin suppressed the electron hopping between oxidized and reduced mediator groups. This regularly decreased the NR peak current and increased the resistance of the charge transfer. The aptasensor makes it possible to detect from 1 nM to 1 μM of thrombin with the detection limit of 0.05-0.5 nM. No effect of the 1000 excess of bovine serum albumin on the signal was observed. The influence of thiacalix[4]arene configuration on the sensitivity of aptasensor signal toward thrombin is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady A Evtugyn
- Analytical Chemistry Department of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation.
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Hu J, Wang T, Kim J, Shannon C, Easley CJ. Quantitation of femtomolar protein levels via direct readout with the electrochemical proximity assay. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7066-72. [PMID: 22452720 PMCID: PMC4992576 DOI: 10.1021/ja3000485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a separation-free, electrochemical assay format with direct readout that is amenable to highly sensitive and selective quantitation of a wide variety of target proteins. Our first generation of the electrochemical proximity assay (ECPA) is composed of two thrombin aptamers which form a cooperative complex only in the presence of target molecules, moving a methylene blue (MB)-conjugated oligonucleotide close to a gold electrode. Without washing steps, electrical current is increased in proportion to the concentration of a specific target protein. By employing a DNA-based experimental model with the aptamer system, we show that addition of a short DNA competitor can reduce background current of the MB peak to baseline levels. As such, the detection limit of aptamer-based ECPA for human thrombin was 50 pM via direct readout. The dual-probe nature of ECPA gave high selectivity and 93% recovery of signal from 2.5 nM thrombin in 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA). To greatly improve the flexibility of ECPA, we then proved the system functional with antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates as probes; the insulin detection limit was 128 fM with a dynamic range of over 4 orders of magnitude in concentration, again with high assay selectivity. ECPA thus allows separation-free, highly sensitive, and highly selective protein detection with a direct electrochemical readout. This method is extremely flexible, capable of detecting a wide variety of protein targets, and is amenable to point-of-care protein measurement, since any target with two aptamers or antibodies could be assayed via direct electrochemical readout.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joonyul Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Curtis Shannon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Christopher J. Easley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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Cai S, Lau C, Lu J. Turn-on aptameric system for simple and selective detection of protein via base stacking-dependent DNA hybridization event. Anal Chem 2011; 83:5844-50. [PMID: 21707048 DOI: 10.1021/ac201054m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Base stacking is employed in an entirely new type of sensing platform for the simple and robust detection of protein. Only in the presence of protein, the aptamer DNA can hybridize stably with the capture DNA to form a stem-loop structure due to the enhancement of base stacking. This leads to a strong chemiluminescence emission for simple protein detection. With the use of a platelet-derived growth factor as a model, a fM detection limit was obtained with a dynamic range that spanned 4 orders of magnitude. Upon modification, the approach presented herein was also extended to detect other types of targets including Hg(2+) ion and adenosine and also other types of labels such as fluorescence nanogold. We believe such advancements will represent a significant step toward improved diagnostics and more personalized medical treatment and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wu C, Xu B, Zhao J, Jiang Q, Wei F, Jiang H, Wang X, Yan H. Ferrocene-Substituted Dithio-o-Carborane Isomers: Influence on the Native Conformation of Myoglobin Protein. Chemistry 2010; 16:8914-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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