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Rubino A, Queirós R. Electrochemical determination of heavy metal ions applying screen-printed electrodes based sensors. A review on water and environmental samples analysis. TALANTA OPEN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2023.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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Keramari V, Karastogianni S, Girousi S. New Prospects in the Electroanalysis of Heavy Metal Ions (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu): Development and Application of Novel Electrode Surfaces. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:60. [PMID: 37489427 PMCID: PMC10366748 DOI: 10.3390/mps6040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of toxic heavy metal ions, especially cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), is a global problem due to ongoing pollution incidents and continuous anthropogenic and industrial activities. Therefore, it is important to develop effective detection techniques to determine the levels of pollution from heavy metal ions in various media. Electrochemical techniques, more specifically voltammetry, due to its properties, is a promising method for the simultaneous detection of heavy metal ions. This review examines the current trends related to electrode formation and analysis techniques used. In addition, there is a reference to advanced detection methods based on the nanoparticles that have been developed so far, as well as formation with bismuth and the emerging technique of screen-printed electrodes. Finally, the advantages of using these methods are highlighted, while a discussion is presented on the benefits arising from nanotechnology, as it gives researchers new ideas for integrating these technologies into devices that can be used anywhere at any time. Reference is also made to the speciation of metals and how it affects their toxicity, as it is an important subject of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Keramari
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sophia Karastogianni
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Girousi
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Barros Azeredo NF, Ferreira Santos MS, Sempionatto JR, Wang J, Angnes L. Screen-Printed Technologies Combined with Flow Analysis Techniques: Moving from Benchtop to Everywhere. Anal Chem 2021; 94:250-268. [PMID: 34851628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) coupled with flow systems have been reported in recent decades for an ever-growing number of applications in modern electroanalysis, aiming for portable methodologies. The information acquired through this combination can be attractive for future users with basic knowledge, especially due to the increased measurement throughput, reduction in reagent consumption and minimal waste generation. The trends and possibilities of this set rely on the synergistic behavior that maximizes both SPE and flow analyses characteristics, allowing mass production and automation. This overview addresses an in-depth update about the scope of samples, target analytes, and analytical throughput (injections per hour, limits of detection, linear range, etc.) obtained by coupling injection techniques (FIA, SIA, and BIA) with SPE-based electrochemical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Florência Barros Azeredo
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil.,Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Juliane R Sempionatto
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil
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Scandurra A, Ruffino F, Urso M, Grimaldi MG, Mirabella S. Disposable and Low-Cost Electrode Based on Graphene Paper-Nafion-Bi Nanostructures for Ultra-Trace Determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1620. [PMID: 32824875 PMCID: PMC7466693 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
There is a huge demand for rapid, reliable and low-cost methods for the analysis of heavy metals in drinking water, particularly in the range of sub-part per billion (ppb). In the present work, we describe the preparation, characterization and analytical performance of the disposable sensor to be employed in Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWASV) for ultra-trace simultaneous determination of cadmium and lead. The electrode consists of graphene paper-perfluorosulfonic ionomer-bismuth nano-composite material. The electrode preparation implies a key step aimed to enhance the Bi3+ adsorption into nafion film, prior to the bismuth electro-deposition. Finely dispersed bismuth nanoparticles embedded in the ionomer film are obtained. The electrode was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The electrode shows a linear response in the 5-100 ppb range, a time-stability tested up to almost three months, and detection limits up to 0.1 ppb for both Pb2+ and Cd2+. The electrode preparation method is simple and low in cost and the obtained analytical performance is very competitive with the state of art for the SWASV determination of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Scandurra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Ettore Majorana of University of Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (M.U.); (M.G.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Francesco Ruffino
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Ettore Majorana of University of Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (M.U.); (M.G.G.); (S.M.)
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems of National Research Council of Italy (CNR-IMM), via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Urso
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Ettore Majorana of University of Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (M.U.); (M.G.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Grazia Grimaldi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Ettore Majorana of University of Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (M.U.); (M.G.G.); (S.M.)
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems of National Research Council of Italy (CNR-IMM), via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvo Mirabella
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Ettore Majorana of University of Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (M.U.); (M.G.G.); (S.M.)
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems of National Research Council of Italy (CNR-IMM), via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Sánchez-Calvo A, Blanco-López MC, Costa-García A. Paper-Based Working Electrodes Coated with Mercury or Bismuth Films for Heavy Metals Determination. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10050052. [PMID: 32414133 PMCID: PMC7277893 DOI: 10.3390/bios10050052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based carbon working electrodes were modified with mercury or bismuth films for the determination of trace metals in aqueous solutions. Both modification procedures were optimized in terms of selectivity and sensitivity for the determination of different heavy metals, aiming their simultaneous determination. Cd (II), Pb (II) and In (III) could be quantified with both films. However, Cu (II) could not be determined with bismuth films. The modification with mercury films led to the most sensitive method, with linear ranges between 0.1 and 10 µg/mL and limits of detection of 0.4, 0.1, 0.04 and 0.2 µg/mL for Cd (II), Pb (II), In (III) and Cu (II), respectively. Nevertheless, the bismuth film was a more sustainable alternative to mercury. Tap-water samples were analyzed for the determination of metals by standard addition methodology with good accuracy, by using a low-cost and easily disposable paper-based electrochemical platform. This system demonstrated its usefulness for monitoring heavy metals in water.
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Rojas-Romo C, Aliaga ME, Arancibia V. Determination of molybdenum(VI) via adsorptive stripping voltammetry using an ex‒situ bismuth screen‒printed carbon electrode. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Trace Voltammetric Determination of Lead at a Recycled Battery Carbon Rod Electrode. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19040770. [PMID: 30781864 PMCID: PMC6412861 DOI: 10.3390/s19040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon rod electrodes (CREs) were obtained from recycled zinc–carbon batteries and were used without further modification for the measurement of trace concentrations of lead (Pb). The electrochemical behavior of Pb at these electrodes in a variety of supporting electrolytes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The anodic peaks obtained on the reverse scans were indicative of Pb being deposited as a thin layer on the electrode surface. The greatest signal–to–noise ratios were obtained in organic acids compared to mineral acids, and acetic acid was selected as the supporting electrolyte for further studies. Conditions were optimized, and it was possible to determine trace concentrations of Pb by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. A supporting electrolyte of 4% v/v acetic acid, with a deposition potential of −1.5 V (vs. SCE) and a deposition time of 1100 s, was found to be optimum. A linear range of 2.8 µg/L to 110 µg/L was obtained, with an associated detection limit (3σ) of 2.8 µg/L. A mean recovery of 95.6% (CV=3.9%) was obtained for a tap water sample fortified with 21.3 µg/L.
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Pérez-Ràfols C, Puy-Llovera J, Serrano N, Ariño C, Esteban M, Díaz-Cruz JM. A new multivariate standard addition strategy for stripping voltammetric electronic tongues: Application to the determination of Tl(I) and In(III) in samples with complex matrices. Talanta 2019; 192:147-153. [PMID: 30348371 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new multivariate standard addition strategy applicable to stripping methods was proposed as an extention of the classical univariate standard addition method for the resolution of complex samples involving overlapped peaks and complex matrices. The proposed strategy consists in alternate additions of the considered analytes and the further extrapolation to a simulated blank solution measured by skipping the preconcentration step (deposition time = 0). This calibration approach was successfully tested in tonic water samples spiked with Tl(I) and In(III) using a sensor array based on a SeCyst-SPCNFE and an ex-situ-BiSPCE, providing good concordance between replicates and much better accuracy than the usual multivariate external calibration method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Pérez-Ràfols
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Puy-Llovera
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Serrano
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Ariño
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Esteban
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Díaz-Cruz
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Point-of-need simultaneous electrochemical detection of lead and cadmium using low-cost stencil-printed transparency electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 981:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Pérez-Ràfols C, Trechera P, Serrano N, Díaz-Cruz JM, Ariño C, Esteban M. Determination of Pd(II) using an antimony film coated on a screen-printed electrode by adsorptive stripping voltammetry. Talanta 2017; 167:1-7. [PMID: 28340698 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tyszczuk-Rotko K, Domańska K, Vytřas K, Metelka R, Nosal-Wiercińska A, Sýs M. Application of screen-printed carbon electrode modified with lead in stripping analysis of Cd(II). OPEN CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2017-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the work presented, a lead film electrode was prepared in situ on a screen-printed carbon support using a reversibly deposited mediator (Zn) and applied to the determination of Cd(II) by anodic stripping voltammetry. The electrochemical method for lead film formation is based on a co-deposition of a metal of interest (Pb), with a reversibly deposited zinc mediator, followed by oxidation of zinc, with additional deposition of lead at the appropriate potential. It serves to increase the density of lead particles, promoting lead film growth, and consequently helps to improve the electrochemical properties of the electrode. This was confirmed by microscopic and voltammetric studies. The obtained detection limit of Cd(II) is equal to 6.6 × 10−9 mol L−1 (−1.6 V for 180 s and then −0.95 V for 5 s). The presented procedure was successfully applied to cadmium determination in Bystrzyca River water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Domańska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20 031Lublin, Poland
| | - Karel Vytřas
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Metelka
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Milan Sýs
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Hughes G, Westmacott K, Honeychurch KC, Crew A, Pemberton RM, Hart JP. Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Application of Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors Based on Carbon Materials for Biomedical, Agri-Food and Environmental Analyses. BIOSENSORS 2016; 6:E50. [PMID: 27690118 PMCID: PMC5192370 DOI: 10.3390/bios6040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent advances in the fabrication of electrochemical (bio)sensors based on screen-printing technology involving carbon materials and their application in biomedical, agri-food and environmental analyses. It will focus on the various strategies employed in the fabrication of screen-printed (bio)sensors, together with their performance characteristics; the application of these devices for the measurement of selected naturally occurring biomolecules, environmental pollutants and toxins will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Hughes
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Kelly Westmacott
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Kevin C Honeychurch
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Adrian Crew
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Roy M Pemberton
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - John P Hart
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
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Determination of Sb(III) using an ex-situ bismuth screen-printed carbon electrode by adsorptive stripping voltammetry. Talanta 2016; 155:21-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Employing a magnetic field to amplify zinc signal obtained at bismuth film screen-printed electrodes generated using dual bismuth precursor. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Niu P, Fernández-Sánchez C, Gich M, Navarro-Hernández C, Fanjul-Bolado P, Roig A. Screen-printed electrodes made of a bismuth nanoparticle porous carbon nanocomposite applied to the determination of heavy metal ions. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Martín-Yerga D, Costa-García A. Towards a blocking-free electrochemical immunosensing strategy for anti-transglutaminase antibodies using screen-printed electrodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 105:88-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Ex-situ
Antimony Screen-printed Carbon Electrode for Voltammetric Determination of Ni(II)-ions in Wastewater. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Barton J, García MBG, Santos DH, Fanjul-Bolado P, Ribotti A, McCaul M, Diamond D, Magni P. Screen-printed electrodes for environmental monitoring of heavy metal ions: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1651-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Penicillamine-modified sensor for the voltammetric determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions in natural samples. Talanta 2015; 144:569-73. [PMID: 26452863 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new penicillamine-GCE was developed based on the immobilization of d-penicillamine on aryl diazonium salt monolayers anchored to the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface and it was applied for the first time to the simultaneous determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions by stripping voltammetric techniques. The detection and quantification limits at levels of µg L(-1) suggest that the penicillamine-GCE could be fully suitable for the determination of the considered ions in natural samples.
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Martín-Yerga D, Bouzas-Ramos D, Menéndez-Miranda M, Bustos ARM, Encinar JR, Costa-Fernández JM, Sanz-Medel A, Costa-García A. Voltammetric determination of size and particle concentration of Cd-based quantum dots. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Pérez-Ràfols C, Serrano N, Díaz-Cruz JM, Ariño C, Esteban M. Mercury Films on Commercial Carbon Screen-Printed Devices for the Analysis of Heavy Metal Ions: a Critical Evaluation. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sosa V, Serrano N, Ariño C, Díaz-Cruz JM, Esteban M. Voltammetric Determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) Ions in Well Water Using a Sputtered Bismuth Screen-Printed Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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de la Gala Morales M, Ariño C, Díaz-Cruz JM, Esteban M. Study of the Complexation of Pb(II) withmeso-2,3- Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA) and 2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) Using a Bismuth-Bulk Rotating Disk Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Amino-functionalization of carbon nanotubes by using a factorial design: human cardiac troponin T immunosensing application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:929786. [PMID: 25133185 PMCID: PMC4122006 DOI: 10.1155/2014/929786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A simple amino-functionalization method for carbon nanotubes and its application in an electrochemical immunosensor for detection of the human cardiac troponin T are described.
Amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes allow oriented antibodies immobilization via their Fc regions, improving the performance of an immunosensor. Herein multiwalled carbon nanotubes were amino-functionalized by using the ethylenediamine reagent and assays were designed by fractional factorial study associated with Doehlert matrix. Structural modifications in the carbon nanotubes were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After amino-functionalization the carbon nanotubes were attached to screen-printed carbon electrode and a sandwich-type immunoassay was performed for measuring the cardiac troponin T. The electrochemical measurements were obtained through hydrogen peroxide reaction with peroxidase conjugated to the secondary antibody. Under optimal conditions, troponin T immunosensor was evaluated in serum samples, which showed a broad linear range (0.02 to 0.32 ng mL−1) and a low limit of detection, 0.016 ng mL−1. This amino platform can be properly used as clinical tool for cardiac troponin T detection in the acute myocardial infarction diagnosis.
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Królicka A, Bobrowski A, Zarębski J, Tesarowicz I. Bismuth Film Electrodes for Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Sunset Yellow FCF in Soft Drinks. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sputtered bismuth screen-printed electrode: A promising alternative to other bismuth modifications in the voltammetric determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions in groundwater. Talanta 2014; 119:348-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ping J, Wang Y, Wu J, Ying Y. Development of an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide modified disposable bismuth film electrode and its application for stripping analysis of heavy metals in milk. Food Chem 2013; 151:65-71. [PMID: 24423503 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical sensing platform based on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide film modified screen-printed electrode was developed. This disposable electrode shows excellent conductivity and fast electron transfer kinetics. By in situ plating bismuth film, the developed electrode exhibited well-defined and separate stripping peaks for cadmium and lead. Several parameters, including electrolytes environment and electrodeposition conditions, were carefully optimized to achieve best stripping performance. The linear range for both metal ions at the disposable bismuth film electrode was from 1.0 μg L(-1) to 60.0 μg L(-1). The detection limit was 0.5 μg L(-1) for cadmium ion and 0.8 μg L(-1) for lead ion. Milk sample analysis demonstrates that the developed electrode could be effectively used to detect low levels (μg L(-1)) of cadmium ion and lead ion. Graphene based disposable bismuth film electrode is a sensitive, stable, and reliable sensing platform for heavy metals determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Ping
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yixian Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Yibin Ying
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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Niu X, Lan M, Zhao H, Chen C, Li Y, Zhu X. Review: Electrochemical Stripping Analysis of Trace Heavy Metals Using Screen-Printed Electrodes. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.805416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Serrano N, Alberich A, Díaz-Cruz JM, Ariño C, Esteban M. Coating methods, modifiers and applications of bismuth screen-printed electrodes. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sosa V, Serrano N, Ariño C, Manuel Díaz-Cruz J, Esteban M. Can bismuth film screen printed carbon electrodes be used to study complexation? Talanta 2013; 107:356-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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31
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Kyrisoglou C, Economou A, Efstathiou CE. Bismuth-Coated Iridium Microwire Electrode for the Determination of Trace Metals by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Recent developments and applications of screen-printed electrodes in environmental assays—A review. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 734:31-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ouyang R, Zhu Z, Tatum CE, Chambers JQ, Xue ZL. Simultaneous Stripping Detection of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) Using a Bimetallic Hg-Bi/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011; 656:78-84. [PMID: 21660117 PMCID: PMC3108327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new, sensitive platform for the simultaneous electrochemical assay of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) in aqueous solution has been developed. The platform is based on a new bimetallic Hg-Bi/single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), demonstrating remarkably improved performance for the anodic stripping assay of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II). The synergistic effect of Hg and Bi as well as the enlarged, activated surface and good electrical conductivity of SWNTs on GCE contribute to the enhanced activity of the proposed electrode. The analytical curves for Zn(II), Cd(II) an Pb(II) cover two linear ranges varying from 0.5 to 11 μg L(-1) and 10 to 130 μg L(-1) with correlation coefficients higher than 0.992. The limits of detection for Zn(II), Cd(II) are lower than 2 μg L(-1) (S/N = 3). For Pb(II), moreover, there is another lower, linear range from 5 to 1100 ng L(-1) with a coefficient of 0.987 and a detection limit of 0.12 ng L(-1). By using the standard addition method, Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions in river samples were successfully determined. These results suggest that the proposed method can be applied as a simple, efficient alternative for the simultaneous monitoring of heavy metals in water samples. In addition, this method demonstrates the powerful application of carbon nanotubes in electrochemical analysis of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhuo Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Zhenqian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Clarissa E. Tatum
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - James Q. Chambers
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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