GelatinnZn(CF3SO3)2Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

Towards an All-Solid-State Electrochromic Device: A Review of Solid-State Electrolytes and the Way Forward

In order to curb high electricity usage, especially in commercial buildings, smart windows, also known as “switchable” or “smart” glasses, have attracted a significant amount of attention in an effort to achieve energy savings in eco-friendly buildings and transportation systems. Smart windows save energy by regulating the input of solar heat and light and hence cutting down air-conditioning expenses, while maintaining indoor comfort. This is achieved by electrochromism, which is defined as the reversible colour change in electrochromic (EC) materials from transparent to dark blue and vice versa under a small applied voltage. Recent state-of-the-art electrochromic devices (ECD) adopt liquid-based electrolytes as the main source of energy for basic operations. While this has resulted in much success in ECDs as reported in past studies, there remain several drawbacks to this aspect, such as liquid electrolyte leakage and evaporation, not to mention safety concerns related to the harmful nature of electrolyte materials. This paper aims to review the recent advances in various solid electrolytes that are potential solutions to the mentioned problems.

Bio-Based Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices: Insight into the Ionic Conductivity Performance

With the continuing efforts to explore alternatives to petrochemical-based polymers and the escalating demand to minimize environmental impact, bio-based polymers have gained a massive amount of attention over the last few decades. The potential uses of these bio-based polymers are varied, from household goods to high end and advanced applications. To some extent, they can solve the depletion and sustainability issues of conventional polymers. As such, this article reviews the trends and developments of bio-based polymers for the preparation of polymer electrolytes that are intended for use in electrochemical device applications. A range of bio-based polymers are presented by focusing on the source, the general method of preparation, and the properties of the polymer electrolyte system, specifically with reference to the ionic conductivity. Some major applications of bio-based polymer electrolytes are discussed. This review examines the past studies and future prospects of these materials in the polymer electrolyte field.