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Oziat J, Babin T, Gougis M, Malliaras GG, Mailley P. Electrochemical detection of redox molecules secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Part 2: Enhanced detection owing to PEDOT:PSS electrode structuration. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 154:108538. [PMID: 37549554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Fast bacterial detection and identification is a crucial challenge in order to improve our antibiotics use and reduce the antimicrobial resistance. Electroanalysis of biological fluids is cheap and can be done in situ but the electrode material needs to be perfectly chosen. We previously studied electrochemical signature of Pseudomonas aeruginosa's secretome, thanks to glassy carbon electrode. Some conductive polymers are particularly efficient for biological use because of their antifouling properties, biocompatibility and way of processing. In this paper, we described the fabrication, characterization and utilisation of PEDOT:PSS film to detect and identify Pseudomonas aeruginosa through three of its secreted molecules: pyocyanin, Pseudomonas quinolone PQS and 2'-aminoacetophenone. The electrochemical responses, clearly amplified by PEDOT:PSS, can be used to identify these bacteria quickly and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Oziat
- CEA, Leti, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France; Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, F-13541 Gardanne, France; Bioserenity, 47 Bd de l'Hopital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | | | - George G Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, F-13541 Gardanne, France; Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
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Zani ACB, Almeida ÉJRD, Furlan JPR, Pedrino M, Guazzaroni ME, Stehling EG, Andrade ARD, Reginatto V. Electrobiochemical skills of Pseudomonas aeruginosa species that produce pyocyanin or pyoverdine for glycerol oxidation in a microbial fuel cell. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139073. [PMID: 37263512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can produce pigments, which mediate external electron transfer (EET). Depending on the mediator, this species can be explored in bioelectrosystems to harvest energy or to obtain chemicals from residual organic compounds. This study has compared the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) inoculated with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate, namely EW603 or EW819, which produce pyocyanin and pyoverdine, respectively. The efficiency of these MFCs in glycerol, a typical residue of biodiesel production, were also compared. The MFCs exhibited different performances. The maximum voltage was 411 and 281 mV m2, the power density was 40.1 and 21.3 mW m-2, and the coulombic efficiency was 5.16 and 1.49% for MFC-EW603 and MFC-EW819, respectively. MFC-EW603 and MFC-EW819 achieved maximum current at 560 and 2200 Ω, at 141.2 and 91.3 mA m-2, respectively. When the system was operated at the respective maximum current output, MFC-EW603 consumed the total glycerol content (11 mmol L-1), and no products could be detected after 50 h. In turn, acetic and butyric acids were detected at the end of MFC-EW819 operation (75 h). The results suggested that P. aeruginosa metabolism can be steered in the MFC to generate current or microbial products depending on the pigment-producing strain and the conditions applied to the system, such as the external resistance. In addition, gene cluster pathways related to phenazine production (phzA and phzB) and other electrogenic-related genes (mexGHI-opmB) were identified in the strain genomes, supporting the findings. These results open new possibilities for using glycerol in bioelectrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Bonizol Zani
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Érica Janaina Rodrigues de Almeida
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Rueda Furlan
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP - SP. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pedrino
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-901, Brazil
| | - María-Eugenia Guazzaroni
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-901, Brazil
| | - Eliana Guedes Stehling
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP - SP. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalgisa Rodrigues de Andrade
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Unesp, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Valeria Reginatto
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Thulasinathan B, D S, Murugan S, Panda SK, Veerapandian M, Manickam P. DNA-functionalized carbon quantum dots for electrochemical detection of pyocyanin: A quorum sensing molecule in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 227:115156. [PMID: 36842368 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical biosensing strategy for pyocyanin (PYO), a virulent quorum-sensing molecule responsible for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, was developed by mimicking its extracellular DNA interaction. Calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) functionalized amine-containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were used as a biomimetic receptor for electrochemical sensing of PYO as low as 37 nM in real urine sample. The ct-DNA-based biosensor enabled the selective measurement of PYO in the presence of other interfering species. Calibration and validation of the PYO sensor platform were demonstrated in buffer solution (0-100 μM), microbial culture media (0-100 μM), artificial urine (0-400 μM), and real urine sample (0-250 μM). The sensor capability was successfully implemented for point-of-care (POC) detection of PYO release from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains during lag and stationary phases. Cross-reactivity of the sensing platform was also tested in other bacterial species such as Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Potential clinical implementation of the ct-DNA-based sensor was manifested in detecting the PYO in P. aeruginosa cultured baby diaper and sanitary napkin. Our results highlight that the newly developed ct-DNA-based sensing platform can be used as a potential candidate for real-time POC diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boobalan Thulasinathan
- Electrodics & Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Sujatha D
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Sethupathi Murugan
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Subhendu K Panda
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Murugan Veerapandian
- Electrodics & Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics & Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India.
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Pérez-García JA, Bacame-Valenzuela FJ, Espejel-Ayala F, Ortiz-Frade L, Reyes-Vidal Y. Effect of adsorption of pyocyanin on the electron transfer rate at the interface of a glassy carbon electrode. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Highly Sensitive Detection of PQS Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Using Screen-Printed Electrodes Modified with Nanomaterials. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080638. [PMID: 36005034 PMCID: PMC9406015 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The rapid diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is very important because this bacterium is one of the main sources of healthcare-associated infections. Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) is a specific molecule for quorum sensing (QS) in P. aeruginosa, a form of cell-to-cell bacterial communication and its levels can allow the determination of the bacterial population. In this study, the development of the first electrochemical detection of PQS using screen-printed electrodes modified with carbon nanotubes (CNT-SPE) is reported. The electrochemical fingerprint of PQS was determined using different electrode materials and screen-printed electrodes modified with different nanomaterials. The optimization of the method in terms of electrolyte, pH, and electrochemical technique was achieved. The quantification of PQS was performed using one of the anodic peaks in the electrochemical fingerprint of the PQS on the CNT-SPE. The sensor exhibited a linear range from 0.1 to 15 µM, with a limit of detection of 50 nM. The sensor allowed the selective detection of PQS, with low interference from other QS molecules. The sensor was successfully applied to analysis of real samples (spiked urine and human serum samples, spiked microbiological growth media, and microbiological cultures).
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Schneider S, Ettenauer J, Pap IJ, Aspöck C, Walochnik J, Brandl M. Main Metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Study of Electrochemical Properties. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22134694. [PMID: 35808191 PMCID: PMC9269063 DOI: 10.3390/s22134694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitously distributed soil and water bacterium and is considered an opportunistic pathogen in hospitals. In cystic fibrosis patients, for example, infections with P. aeruginosa can be severe and often lead to chronic or even fatal pneumonia. Therefore, rapid detection and further identification are of major importance in hospital hygiene and infection control. This work shows the electrochemical properties of five P. aeruginosa key metabolites considering their potential use as specific signaling agents in an electrochemical sensor system. The pure solutes of pyocyanin (PYO), Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS), pyochelin (PCH), 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline (HHQ), and 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (HQNO) were analyzed by different electrochemical techniques (cyclic and square wave voltammetry) and measured using a Gamry Reference 600+ potentiostat. Screen-printed electrodes (DropSens DRP110; carbon working and counter, silver reference electrode) were used to determine signal specificities, detection limits, as well as pH dependencies of the substances. All of the compounds were electrochemically inducible with well-separated oxidation and/or reduction peaks at specific peak potentials relative to the reference electrode. Additionally, all analytes exhibited linear concentration dependency in ranges classically reported in the literature. The demonstration of these properties is a promising step toward direct multiplexed detection of P. aeruginosa in environmental and clinical samples and thus, can make a significant contribution to public health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Schneider
- Department for Integrated Sensor Systems, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (J.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Jörg Ettenauer
- Department for Integrated Sensor Systems, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (J.E.); (M.B.)
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ildiko-Julia Pap
- Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University Hospital St. Poelten, 3100 Sankt Poelten, Austria; (I.-J.P.); (C.A.)
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Christoph Aspöck
- Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University Hospital St. Poelten, 3100 Sankt Poelten, Austria; (I.-J.P.); (C.A.)
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Julia Walochnik
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Brandl
- Department for Integrated Sensor Systems, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (J.E.); (M.B.)
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Jarosova R, Irikura K, Rocha‐Filho RC, Swain GM. Detection of Pyocyanin with a Boron‐doped Diamond Electrode Using Flow Injection Analysis with Amperometric Detection and Square Wave Voltammetry. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romana Jarosova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry Charles University 12843 Prague 2 Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry Michigan State University 48824-1322 East Lansing MI United States
| | - Kallyni Irikura
- Department of Chemistry Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) C.P. 676 13560-970 São Carlos SP Brazil
- Department of Chemistry Michigan State University 48824-1322 East Lansing MI United States
| | - Romeu C. Rocha‐Filho
- Department of Chemistry Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) C.P. 676 13560-970 São Carlos SP Brazil
| | - Greg M. Swain
- Department of Chemistry Michigan State University 48824-1322 East Lansing MI United States
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Li Y, Hu Y, Chen T, Chen Y, Li Y, Zhou H, Yang D. Advanced detection and sensing strategies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and quorum sensing biomarkers: A review. Talanta 2022; 240:123210. [PMID: 35026633 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen, can frequently cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis and chronic wounds, and potentially lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Timely and adequate treatment of nosocomial infection in clinic depends on rapid detection and accurate identification of P. aeruginosa and its early-stage antibiotic susceptibility test. Traditional methods like plating culture, polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assays are time-consuming and require expensive equipment, limiting the rapid diagnostic application. Advanced sensing strategy capable of fast, sensitive and simple detection with low cost has therefore become highly desired in point of care testing (POCT) of nosocomial pathogens. Within this review, advanced detection and sensing strategies for P. aeruginosa cells along with associated quorum sensing (QS) molecules over the last ten years are discussed and summarized. Firstly, the principles of four commonly used sensing strategies including localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), electrochemistry, and fluorescence are briefly overviewed. Then, the advancement of the above sensing techniques for P. aeruginosa cells and its QS biomarkers detection are introduced, respectively. In addition, the integration with novel compatible platforms towards clinical application is highlighted in each section. Finally, the current achievements are summarized along with proposed challenges and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China; Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Haibo Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Danting Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China; Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China.
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Khoshroo A, Mavaei M, Rostami M, Valinezhad-Saghezi B, Fattahi A. Recent advances in electrochemical strategies for bacteria detection. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2022; 12:567-588. [PMID: 36644549 PMCID: PMC9809139 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2022.23616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Bacterial infections have always been a major threat to public health and humans' life, and fast detection of bacteria in various samples is significant to provide early and effective treatments. Cell-culture protocols, as well-established methods, involve labor-intensive and complicated preparation steps. For overcoming this drawback, electrochemical methods may provide promising alternative tools for fast and reliable detection of bacterial infections. Methods: Therefore, this review study was done to present an overview of different electrochemical strategy based on recognition elements for detection of bacteria in the studies published during 2015-2020. For this purpose, many references in the field were reviewed, and the review covered several issues, including (a) enzymes, (b) receptors, (c) antimicrobial peptides, (d) lectins, (e) redox-active metabolites, (f) aptamer, (g) bacteriophage, (h) antibody, and (i) molecularly imprinted polymers. Results: Different analytical methods have developed are used to bacteria detection. However, most of these methods are highly time, and cost consuming, requiring trained personnel to perform the analysis. Among of these methods, electrochemical based methods are well accepted powerful tools for the detection of various analytes due to the inherent properties. Electrochemical sensors with different recognition elements can be used to design diagnostic system for bacterial infections. Recent studies have shown that electrochemical assay can provide promising reliable method for detection of bacteria. Conclusion: In general, the field of bacterial detection by electrochemical sensors is continuously growing. It is believed that this field will focus on portable devices for detection of bacteria based on electrochemical methods. Development of these devices requires close collaboration of various disciplines, such as biology, electrochemistry, and biomaterial engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khoshroo
- Nutrition Health Research center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
,Corresponding authors: Alireza Khoshroo, ; Ali Fattahi,
| | - Maryamosadat Mavaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoume Rostami
- Student Research Committe, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Ali Fattahi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
,Corresponding authors: Alireza Khoshroo, ; Ali Fattahi,
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Burgoyne ED, Molina-Osorio AF, Moshrefi R, Shanahan R, McGlacken GP, Stockmann TJ, Scanlon MD. Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing molecules at an electrified liquid|liquid micro-interface through facilitated proton transfer. Analyst 2021; 145:7000-7008. [PMID: 32869782 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01245a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Miniaturization of electrochemical detection methods for point-of-care-devices is ideal for their integration and use within healthcare environments. Simultaneously, the prolific pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a serious health risk to patients with compromised immune systems. Recognizing these two factors, a proof-of-concept electrochemical method employing a micro-interface between water and oil (w/o) held at the tip of a pulled borosilicate glass capillary is presented. This method targets small molecules produced by P. aeruginosa colonies as signalling factors that control colony growth in a pseudo-multicellular process known as quorum sensing (QS). The QS molecules of interest are 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ) and 2-heptyl-3,4-dihydroxyquinoline (PQS, Pseudomonas quinolone signal). Hydrophobic HHQ and PQS molecules, dissolved in the oil phase, were observed electrochemically to facilitate proton transfer across the w/o interface. This interfacial complexation can be exploited as a facile electrochemical detection method for P. aeruginosa and is advantageous as it does not depend on the redox activity of HHQ/PQS. Interestingly, the limit-of-linearity is reached as [H+] ≈ [ligand]. Density functional theory calculations were performed to determine the proton affinities and gas-phase basicities of HHQ/PQS, as well as elucidate the likely site of stepwise protonation within each molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Burgoyne
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
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Biological and clinical significance of quorum sensing alkylquinolones: current analytical and bioanalytical methods for their quantification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4599-4618. [PMID: 33959788 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a sophisticated bacterial communication system which plays a key role in the virulence and biofilm formation of many pathogens. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS network consists of four sets of connected systems (las, rlh, pqs and iqs) hierarchically organized. The pqs system involves characteristic autoinducers (AI), most of them sharing an alkylquinolone (AQ) structure, and is able to carry out several relevant biological functions besides its main signalling activity. Their role in bacterial physiology and pathogenicity has been widely studied. Indeed, the presence of these metabolites in several body fluids and infected tissues has pointed to their potential value as biomarkers of infection. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings about the biological implications and the clinical significance of the main P. aeruginosa AQs. These findings have encouraged the development of analytical and bioanalytical techniques addressed to assess the role of these metabolites in bacterial growth and survival, during pathogenesis or as biomarkers of infections. The availability of highly sensitive reliable analytical methods suitable for clinical analysis would allow getting knowledge about pathogenesis and disease prognosis or progression, supporting clinicians on the decision-making process for the management of these infections and guiding them on the application of more effective and appropriate treatments. The benefits from the implementation of the point-of-care (PoC)-type testing in infectious disease diagnostics, which are seen to improve patient outcomes by promoting earlier therapeutic interventions, are also discussed.
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Oziat J, Cohu T, Elsen S, Gougis M, Malliaras GG, Mailley P. Electrochemical detection of redox molecules secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Part 1: Electrochemical signatures of different strains. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107747. [PMID: 33618190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
During infections, fast identification of the microorganisms is critical to improve patient treatment and to better manage antibiotics use. Electrochemistry exhibits several advantages for rapid diagnostic: it enables easy, cheap and in situ analysis of redox molecules in most liquids. In this work, several culture supernatants of different Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (including PAO1 and its isogenic mutants PAO1ΔpqsA, PA14, PAK and CHA) were analyzed by square wave voltammetry on glassy carbon electrode during the bacterial growth. The obtained voltamograms shown complex traces exhibiting numerous redox peaks with potential repartitions and current amplitudes depending on the studied bacterium and/or growth time. Among them, some peaks were clearly associated to the well-known redox toxin Pyocyanin (PYO) and the autoinducer Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS). Other peaks were observed that are not yet attributed to known secreted species. Each complex electrochemical response (number of peaks, peak potential and amplitude) can be interpreted as a fingerprint or "ID-card" of the studied strain that may be implemented for fast bacteria strain identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Oziat
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA Leti, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France; Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, F-13541 Gardanne, France; Bioserenity, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 47 Bd de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Thibaut Cohu
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA Leti, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Elsen
- UMR 1036, INSERM-CEA-UJF, CNRS ERL5261, BIG, CEA-Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Gougis
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA Leti, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - George G Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, F-13541 Gardanne, France; Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Pascal Mailley
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA Leti, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
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Rashid JIA, Kannan V, Ahmad MH, Mon AA, Taufik S, Miskon A, Ong KK, Yusof NA. An electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles-functionalized reduced graphene oxide screen printed electrode for the detection of pyocyanin biomarker in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111625. [PMID: 33545813 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is known to be a problematic bacterium for being a major cause of opportunistic and nosocomial infections. In this study, reduced graphene oxide decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs/rGO) was utilized as a new sensing material for a fast and direct electrochemical detection of pyocyanin as a biomarker of P. aeruginosa infections. Under optimal condition, the developed electrochemical pyocyanin sensor exhibited a good linear range for the determination of pyocyanin in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), human saliva and urine at a clinically relevant concentration range of 1-100 μM, achieving a detection limit of 0.27 μM, 1.34 μM, and 2.3 μM, respectively. Our developed sensor demonstrated good selectivity towards pyocyanin in the presence of interfering molecule such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, NADH, glucose, and acetylsalicylic acid, which are commonly found in human fluids. Furthermore, the developed sensor was able to discriminate the signal with and without the presence of pyocyanin directly in P. aeruginosa culture. This proposed technique demonstrates its potential application in monitoring the presence of P. aeruginosa infection in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahwarhar Izuan Abdul Rashid
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Vayithiswary Kannan
- Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Research Management and Innovation, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hafiz Ahmad
- Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aye Aye Mon
- Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Safura Taufik
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azizi Miskon
- Centre for Research Management and Innovation, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Keat Khim Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azah Yusof
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
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Optimized Production of a Redox Metabolite (pyocyanin) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NEJ01R Using a Maize By-Product. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101559. [PMID: 33050473 PMCID: PMC7599481 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa metabolizes pyocyanin, a redox molecule related to diverse biological activities. Culture conditions for the production of pyocyanin in a defined medium were optimized using a statistical design and response surface methodology. The obtained conditions were replicated using as substrate an alkaline residual liquid of cooked maize and its by-products. The untreated effluent (raw nejayote, RN) was processed to obtain a fraction without insoluble solids (clarified fraction, CL), then separated by a 30 kDa membrane where two fractions, namely, retentate (RE) and filtered (FI), were obtained. Optimal conditions in the defined medium were 29.6 °C, 223.7 rpm and pH = 6.92, which produced 2.21 μg mL-1 of pyocyanin, and by using the wastewater, it was possible to obtain 3.25 μg mL-1 of pyocyanin in the retentate fraction at 40 h. The retentate fraction presented the highest concentration of total solids related to the maximum concentration of pyocyanin (PYO) obtained. The pyocyanin redox behavior was analyzed using electrochemical techniques. In this way, valorization of lime-cooked maize wastewater (nejayote) used as a substrate was demonstrated in the production of a value-added compound, such as pyocyanin, a redox metabolite of Pseudomonas aeruginosa NEJ01R.
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McEachern F, Harvey E, Merle G. Emerging Technologies for the Electrochemical Detection of Bacteria. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000140. [PMID: 32388907 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Infections are a huge economic liability to the health care system, although real-time detection can allow early treatment protocols to avoid some of this cost and patient morbidity and mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a drug-resistant gram-negative bacterium found ubiquitously in clinical settings, accounting for up to 27% of hospital acquired infections. PA secretes a vast array of molecules, ranging from secondary metabolites to quorum sensing molecules, of which many can be exploited to monitor bacterial presence. In addition to electrochemical immunoassays to sense bacteria via antigen-antibody interactions, PA pertains a distinct redox-active virulence factor called pyocyanin (PYO), allowing a direct electrochemical detection of the bacteria. There has been a surge of publications relating to the electrochemical tracing of PA via a myriad of novel biosensing techniques, materials, and methodologies. In addition to indirect methods, research approaches where PYO has been sensitively detected using surface modified electrodes are reviewed and compared with conventional PA-sensing methodologies. This review aims at presenting indirect and direct electrochemical methods currently developed using various surface modified electrodes, materials, and electrochemical configurations on their electrocatalytic effects on sensing of PA and in particular PYO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis McEachern
- Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Edward Harvey
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of medicine, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Geraldine Merle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Polytechnique Montreal C.P. 6079, succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, H3C 3A7, Canada
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Miller C, Gilmore J. Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9050259. [PMID: 32429345 PMCID: PMC7277912 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery and subsequent use of penicillin, antibiotics have been used to treat most bacterial infections in the U.S. Over time, the repeated prescription of many antibiotics has given rise to many antibiotic-resistant microbes. A bacterial strain becomes resistant by horizontal gene transfer, where surviving microbes acquire genetic material or DNA fragments from adjacent bacteria that encode for resistance. In order to avoid significant bacterial resistance, novel and target therapeutics are needed. Further advancement of diagnostic technologies could be used to develop novel treatment strategies. The use of biosensors to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules has the potential to provide timely diagnostic information toward mitigating the multidrug-resistant bacteria epidemic. Resistance and pathogenesis are controlled by quorum-sensing (QS) circuits. QS systems secrete or passively release signaling molecules when the bacterial concentration reaches a certain threshold. Signaling molecules give an early indication of virulence. Detection of these compounds in vitro or in vivo can be used to identify the onset of infection. Whole-cell and cell-free biosensors have been developed to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules. This review will give an overview of quorum networks in the most common pathogens found in chronic and acute infections. Additionally, the current state of research surrounding the detection of quorum-sensing molecules will be reviewed. Followed by a discussion of future works toward the advancement of technologies to quantify quorum signaling molecules in chronic and acute infections.
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Do H, Kwon SR, Fu K, Morales-Soto N, Shrout JD, Bohn PW. Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Pyocyanin Secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Communities. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7043-7049. [PMID: 31042392 PMCID: PMC8006532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyocyanin (PYO) is one of many toxins secreted by the opportunistic human pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Direct detection of PYO in biofilms is crucial because PYO can provide important information about infection-related virulence mechanisms in P. aeruginosa. Because PYO is both redox-active and Raman-active, we seek to simultaneously acquire both spectroscopic and redox state information about PYO. The combination of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and voltammetry is used here to provide insights into the molecular redox behavior of PYO while controlling the SERS and electrochemical (EC) response of PYO with external stimuli, such as pH and applied potential. Furthermore, PYO secretion from biofilms of different P. aeruginosa strains is compared. Both SERS spectra and EC behavior are observed to change with pH, and several pH-dependent bands are identified in the SERS spectra, which can potentially be used to probe the local environment. Comparison of the voltammetric behavior of wild-type and a PYO-deficient mutant unequivocally identifies PYO as a major component of the secretome. Spectroelectrochemical studies of the PYO standard reveal decreasing SERS intensities of PYO bands under reducing conditions. Extending these experiments to pellicle biofilms shows similar behavior with applied potential, and SERS imaging indicates that secreted PYO is localized in regions approximately the size of P. aeruginosa cells. The in situ spectroelectrochemical biofilm characterization approach developed here suggests that EC-SERS monitoring of secreted molecules can be used diagnostically and correlated with the progress of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyein Do
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Seung-Ryong Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United
States
| | - Kaiyu Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Nydia Morales-Soto
- Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
46556, United States
| | - Joshua D. Shrout
- Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
46556, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of
Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Paul W. Bohn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United
States
- Corresponding Author
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